Information

and Communication
Networks

hiT 7050

I and C
Training Institute
hiT 70 series: Feature Summary
 hiT 70 series: Feature Summary

SURPASS hiT 7070 SC/DC: Core applications

„ 160G @ VC-4, 10G @ VC-12 switching granularity
„ 2.5G RPR switch (Resilient Packet Ring)
„ (Fast) Ethernet/GbE via GFP mapping (Generic Framing Procedure)
„ LCAS for dynamic bandwidth adjustment (Link Capacity Adjustment
Scheme)
„ Complete range of interfaces (2Mbit/s, … , STM-64)
„ 32x10G Metro WDM, 40G WDM (Wavelengthy Division Multiplexing)
SURPASS hiT 7050 FP1: Access Ring and
Customer Premises applications
„ 5G @VC-12 Switching Granularity
SURPASS hiT 7070 DC „ Multi Service Platform for PDH, SDH and Ethernet Services:
2Mbit/s, 34/45Mbit/s,
STM-1/-4
10/100BaseT, GbE opt. via GFP mapping
„ LCAS for dynamic bandwidth adjustment
SURPASS hiT 7050 FP1

Fig. 3 SURPASS hiT 70 series: Feature Summary (TR3272EU00TR_0302 System overview, 5)

hiT 7050 FP1
Terminal-to-Terminal Topologies
 Multiple Rings and Ring Gateways
A Single Ring Closure

B Multiple Ring Closure

SMA4/1
C Ring Gateway Operations

D Feeder Terminal Application SL16

hiT 7070 hiT 7070

SMA16
SMA16 B B
2,5 Gbps

hiT 7070 SMA16

SMA16 hiT 7070

SL16
SL16
SMA16

2,5 Gbps 2,5 Gbps

A C
hiT 7070 hiT 7070
STM-N
A A
SMA16
SMA16 SMA16
SMA16

SMA4/1

D D

hiT 7050 hiT 7050

Fig. 17 Multiple rings and ring gateways (TR3271EU00TR_0302 Hardware and functionality, 23)
hiT 7050 FP1 Units
SURPASS hiT 7050: Block Diagram
Classification of optical interfaces (G.957)
Inter-office
Application Intra-office

Short-haul Long-haul

Source nominal 1310 1310 1550 1310 1550

wavelength (nm)

Type of fiber Rec. G.652 Rec. G.652 Rec. G.652 Rec. G.652 Rec. G.652 Rec. G.653
Rec. G.654

Distance (km)a) ≤2 ∼ 15 ∼ 40 ∼ 80

STM-1 I-1 S-1.1 S-1.2 L-1.1 L-1.2 L-1.3

STM
level STM-4 I-4 S-4.1 S-4.2 L-4.1 L-4.2 L-4.3

STM-16 I-16 S-16.1 S-16.2 L-16.1 L-16.2 L-16.3

a) These are target distances to be used for classification and not for specification. The possibility of applying the set of optical
parameters in this Recommendation to single-channel systems on G.655 fiber is not to be precluded by the designation of the
fiber types in the application codes.

Fig. 14 Classification of optical interfaces acc. to ITU-T G.957 (TR3272EU00TR_0302 System overview, 21)
Protection in hiT 7050
 SURPASS hiT 70 series: 1+1 SNCP

SIEMENS

SURPASS hiT 7050 FP1

„ SNCP behavior acc. to ITU-T G.783
„ VC-4 HO (High Order) path protection (1+1)
„ VC-3 LO (Low Order) path protection (1+1)
„ VC-12 LO (Low Order) path protection (1+1)
„ Single-ended SNCP
„ Non-revertive SNC/P operation
„ External switch requests
SURPASS hiT 7070 SC/DC

Fig. 82 SURPASS hiT 70 series: 1+1 SNCP (TR3271EU00TR_0302 Operation, 103)

Working Path Protection Path

Switch
Definition
Definitionof
of
Switching Criteria
Switching Criteria

only one direction shown

Fig. 81 Path protection (TR3271EU00TR_0302 Operation, 103)

Ethernet Over SDH
Standard Standard Data rate Medium Half duplex Full duplex
First Maximum Maximum lengh in
released lengh in Meters
Meters

10 Base-T 802.3i-1990 10Mb/s 2 pairs of 100 ohm 100 100

Category 3 or better
UTP cable

10 Base-FL 802.3j-1993 10Mb/s 2 optical fibers 2000 >2000

100 Base- 802.3u- 100Mb/s 2 pairs of 100 ohm 100 100

Category 5 UTP
TX 1995 cable

100 Base- 802.3u- 100Mb/s 2 optical fibers 412 2000

FX 1995
1000 Base- 802.3z- 1Gb/s At 1300nm over: 316 550
LX 1998 -62.5µm MMF
550
-50µm MMF
-10µm SMF 5000
1000 Base- 802.3z- 1Gb/s At 850nm over: 275 275
SX 1998 -62.5µm MMF
316 550
-50µm MMF

1000 Base- 802.3ab- 1Gb/s 4 pairs of 100 ohm 100 100

Category 5 or better
T 1999 cable

10 Gbase- 802.3ae- 10Gb/s At 850nm over: NA 33

SR/SW 2002 -62.5µm MMF
300
-50µm MMF

10 Gbase- 802.3ae- 10Gb/s At 1310nm over: NA 10000

LR/LW 2002 -10µm SMF

10 Gbase- 802.3ae- 10Gb/s At 1550nm over: NA 40000

ER/EW 2002 -10µm SMF

10 Gbase- 802.3ae- 10Gb/s At 1310nm over: NA 300

LX4 2002 -62.5µm MMF
300
-50µm MMF
-10µm SMF 10000
 Generic Framing Protocol GFP

Ethernet
Interface GFP SONET/SDH

GFP – Next Generation SDH

Fig. 51 GFP (TR3273EU00TR_0301 Technology and applications, 73)

 Properties of GFP

ƒ GFP is simple and scaleable

- proven technology at 1G,2.5G and 10G
- scalable beyond 40G
ƒ GFP supports both Layer 1 and Layer 2 traffic
- alternative transport mechanism to ATM
- alternative transport mechanism to HDLC-framing
ƒ GFP is standards based
- ITU-T G.7041 (2001) & ANSI T1.105.02 (2002)
- endorsed by IETF (RFC 2823) and by RPR WG (IEEE 802.17)

Fig. 52 Properties of GFP (TR3273EU00TR_0301 Technology and applications, 75)

 GFP mapping into Virtual Containers
Ethernet Frame acc. IEEE 802.3
S
Preamble F D_MAC_Addr. S_MAC_Addr. MAC client data incl. VLAN tags FCS
D

GFP-framing
Extension
Core Type FCS
Header Ethernet Frame
Header Header (opt.)
(opt.)

VC-3-nv or VC-4 nv
GFP Frame GFP Frame GFP Frame
RSOH

GFP Frame
GFP Frame
P
GFP Frame
O
H
MSOH

GFP Frame GFP Frame

GFP Frame GFP Frame GFP Frame

Fig. 2 GFP mapping into Virtual Containers (TR3273EU00TR_0301 Ethernet multiplexing and mapping functions, 5)
Technical Concepts for Concatenation
Contiguous vs. Virtual Concatenation I

Concatenation

Contiguous Virtual
Concatenation Concatenation

ƒƒ For
For the
the transport
transport of
of payloads
payloads that
that do
do not
not fit
fit efficiently
efficiently into
into the
the standard
standard
set
set of
of Virtual
Virtual Containers
Containers (VC-3/4/2/12/11)
(VC-3/4/2/12/11) Concatenation
Concatenation can can be
be used
used
ƒƒ The
The difference
difference between
between Contiguous
Contiguous and
and Virtual
Virtual Concatenation
Concatenation is
is only
only
in
in the
the way
way of
of transport
transport between
between the
the path
path terminations.
terminations.

Fig. 62 Contiguous versus Virtual Concatenation I (TR3273EU00TR_0301 Technology and applications, 89)
Four Types of Concatenation (acc. G.707)

Concatenation of Higher Order VCs

ƒ Contiguous concatenation of X VC-4s (VC-4-Xc, X = 4, 16, 64, 256)
ƒ Virtual concatenation of X VC-3/4s (VC-3/4-Xv, X = 1 ... 256)
Concatenation of Lower Order VCs
ƒ Contiguous concatenation of X VC-2s in a VC-3 (VC-2-Xc, X = 1 ... 7)
ƒ Virtual concatenation of X VC-2/1s

Fig. 63 Four Types of Concatenation (acc. G707) (TR3273EU00TR_0301 Technology and applications, 89)
 Contiguous Concatenation
RSOH
RSOH
RSOH
RSOH
AU-PTR RSOH
AU-PTR
AU-PTR
AU-PTR
44xxxVC4
VC4
VC4 AU-PTR
MSOH
4
4 x VC4 1 x VC4-4c
MSOH
MSOH
MSOH MSOH

POH #1 POH #1

POH #2 XXXX

X X X

POH #3 XXXX
4 x AU-4 1 x AU-4-4c
Pointers Pointer

POH #4 XXXX

Fig. 65 Contiguous Concatenation (TR3273EU00TR_0301 Technology and applications, 91)

 VC- 4-Xv Structure
1 X X x 260

C-4-Xv

9 125 µs
AU-PTR 1 261
VC-4 #X
1 J1
AU-PTR
B3
VC-4 #1
C2
1 J1
G1
B3
F2
C2
H4
VC- 4-Xv
G1
F3
F2
K3
H4
9 N1 125 µs
F3
K3
9 N1 125 µs
Fig. 68 VC-4 Xv Structure (TR3273EU00TR_0301 Technology and applications, 95)
ETHERNET MAPPING IN THE SURPASS 7070 NETWORK ELEMENT

VC4 – Nv N = 2……..6 for 10/100 Mbit/s Ethernet

VC4-Nv N = 2……..8 for 1000 Mbit/s Ethernet

VC3/VC12-Mv M = 2………..46 for 10/100/1000 Mbit/s Ethernet

Gigabit Ethernet (GbE) over VC- 4-7v

Virtual Concatenation is limited to multiplexing nodes

No need to add virtual concatenation capability to every node the network
Recombining
Demapping
Splitting

Mapping
GbE
GbE
SDH/SONET
Network
VC- 4-7v
VC- 4-7v
.

7 independent VC-4 payloads are virtually concatenated to provide VC-4-7v payload

with 1.05 Gb/s bandwidth, which is perfectly suitable for GbE accommodation

Alternative Solution: Using Contiguous Concatenation and a VC-4-16c provides

2.5 Gb/s bandwidth, which wastes most of the available bandwidth (1,5 Gb/s)

Fig. 69 Virtual Concatenation Concept (TR3273EU00TR_0301 Technology and applications, 97)

 Summary: Concatenation
Contiguous Concatenation Virtual Concatenation
ƒVC-4 occupy contiguous time slots ƒVC-4 occupy any time slots within STM-
within STM-N signal. N signal.
ƒVC-4 are accommodated in dedicated ƒVC-4 are accommodated in arbitrary
time slots, e.g. 1..4. time slots.
ƒAll VC-4 have to be within the same ƒVC-4 may go over different STM-N
STM-N signal. signals.
ƒIntermediate NE have to support ƒIntermediate NE do not have to support
contiguous concatenation either by NE- concatenation at all, neither by NE-SW
SW or by NE-HW. nor by NE-HW.

Fig. 71 Summary: Concatenation (TR3273EU00TR_0301 Technology and applications, 99)

 VC-x-nv is dedicated to one Client Signal
One single port is mapped into one single GFP-F channel
Each GFP channel is mapped into one associated VC-x-nv
Ingress bandwidth
granularity VC Group 1:
scaleable in VC-3
1 Mbit/s steps VC-3-2v
VC-4

Port 1 VC Group 2:
VC-3
VC-3-2v
VC-4
Port 2

VC Group 3:
Port 3 VC-3
VC-3-2v
VC-4

Port 4
VC Group 4:
VC-3
VC-3-2v
Example: 4-port Fast Ethernet Card VC-4

Fig. 80 VC-x-nv is dedicated to one Client Signal (TR3273EU00TR_0301 Technology and applications, 111)
 VC-x-nv dedicated to multiple Client Signals
One single port is mapped into one single GFP-F Channel
This channels are multiplexed into one single VC-x-nv
Ingress bandwidth
granularity GFP-F Channels
scaleable in
1 Mbit/s steps

Port 1
Virtual Con-
catenation
Port 2 Group 1:
VC-3
VC-3-2v
VC-4
Port 3 VC-4-4v

Port 4
Example: 4 port Fast Ethernet Card

Fig. 82 VC-x-nv is dedicated to multiple Client Signals (TR3273EU00TR_0301 Technology and applications, 113)
 m VC-x-nv dedicated to n Client Signals
One single port is mapped into one single GFP-F Channel
A defined group of channels is multiplexed into one single VC-x-nv
Ingress bandwidth
GFP-F Channel
granularity
scaleable in
1 Mbit/s steps Virtual Con-
catenation
Group 1:
e.g.
VC-3-nv
Port 1 VC-4-nv

Port 2

Port 3
Virtual Con-
catenation
Group 2:
Port 4 e.g.
VC-3-nv
VC-4-nv

Example: 4 port Fast Ethernet Card

Fig. 85 m VC-x-nv dedicated to n Client Signals (TR3273EU00TR_0301 Technology and applications, 115)
Link Capacity Adjustment Scheme LCAS

Ethernet
LCAS
Interface GFP SONET/SDH

Virtual
Concatenation

LCAS – Next Generation SDH

Fig. 73 Link Capacity Adjustment Scheme (TR3273EU00TR_0301 Technology and applications, 101)
 Link Capacity Adjustment Scheme LCAS

Properties of LCAS:
ƒThe
ƒThe scheme
scheme allows
allows hit-less
hit-less addition
addition and
and removal
removal of
of bandwidth
bandwidth under
under control
control of
of aa
management
management system
system
ƒƒ LCAS
LCAS is
is defined
defined to
to be
be used
used in
in SDH
SDH and
and OTN
OTN networks
networks
ƒƒ The
The operation
operation of
of LCAS
LCAS is
is unidirectional
unidirectional
ƒƒ LCAS
LCAS will
will autonomously
autonomously remove
remove failed
failed members
members temporarily
temporarily from
from the
the VC
VC group
group
ƒƒ When
When the
the failure
failure condition
condition is
is remedied
remedied LCAS
LCAS will
will add
add the
the member
member back
back into
into the
the group
group
ƒƒ The
The removal
removal of
of aa member
member due
due to
to path
path layer
layer failures
failures will,
will, in
in general,
general, not
not be
be hit-less
hit-less for
for
the
the service
service carried
carried over
over the
the virtual
virtual concatenated
concatenated group
group
ƒƒ The
The autonomous
autonomous addition,
addition, after
after aa failure
failure is
is repaired,
repaired, is
is hit-less
hit-less

Fig. 74 Link Capacity Adjustment Scheme LCAS (TR3273EU00TR_0301 Technology and applications, 103)
 LCAS: Add a Member to VC Group

Although the number of concatenated payloads can be determined in advance for

most applications, it may be useful to allow the number of concatenated payloads to
be changed dynamically. In LCAS, signaling messages are exchanged between the
two VC endpoints to determine the number of concatenated payloads. For instance,
assume VC-3-5v (250 Mb/s payload capacity) is currently used.
According to user requirements, the number of concatenated payloads, currently five,
could be increased to obtain VC-3-6v, or reduced to obtain VC-3-4v. Furthermore,
LCAS makes sure that this process is done in a hitless manner. Therefore, LCAS
allows carriers to assign and utilize bandwidth more efficiently and flexibly.
Next figure shows an example of NMS based centralized control scheme. In this case,
the NMS receives a bandwidth modification request from the end user (step #1.
Additional 150Mb/s). The NMS then routes the end to end path ( additional VC-4) in
order to increase the end to end capacity and set up the path using a local command
(step#2). After that, the NMS starts LCAS procedure at the edge nodes (steps # 3 and
# 4) so that hitless bandwidth increase be performed (steps # 5 and # 6). Once these
steps are completed, the network provider can provide the requested bandwidth to the
user.
The LCAS control messaging channel is carried across the H4 byte in the Path
Overhead.
 LCAS: Add a Member to VC Group
NMS
#1 Bandwidth Modify Request
On-demand request for
additional 150 Mb/s

#2 Additional path setup

#4 ADD
GbE
STM-16 Ring
#3 ADD GbE

Existing
VC-4-4v #5 ADD
OK
LCAS Sequence
#6 EOS
OK

750 Mb/s 750 Mb/s

VC-4-5v

Fig. 75 LCAS: Add a Member to VC Group (TR3273EU00TR_0301 Technology and applications, 105)
Synchronization
 Synchronization Terminology

ƒƒ PRC
PRC Primary
PrimaryReference
ReferenceClock.
Clock.
ƒƒ SSU
SSU Synchronization
SynchronizationSupply
SupplyUnit
Unit
ƒƒ TNC
TNC(SSU-A)
(SSU-A) Transit
TransitNode
NodeClock
Clock
ƒƒ LNC
LNC(SSU-B)
(SSU-B) Local
LocalNode
NodeClock
Clock
ƒƒ SETS
SETS Synchronous
SynchronousEquipment
EquipmentTiming
Timing
Source
Source
ƒƒ GPS
GPS Global
GlobalPositioning
PositioningSystem
System

Fig. 2 Synchronization Terminology (TR3272EU00TR_0302 Synchronization, 5)

Hierarchical Synchronization Network

Fig. 3 Hierarchical Synchronization Network Architecture (TR3272EU00TR_0302 Synchronization, 6)

PRC

TNC
TNC TNC
LNC LNC
LNC LNC LNC
LNC LNC LNC
LNC

TNC TNC

LNC
LNC LNC LNC
LNC LNC
TNC
TNC TNC
LNC LNC
LNC
LNC LNC LNC LNC
LNC LNC

TNC TNC

LNC LNC LNC LNC

LNC LNC
Clock Types in SDH Synchronization Network
1..m

PRC SSU
SEC SEC SEC SEC SEC
(G.811) (G.812T)

1 2 n 1 2
Synchronisation path
PRC Primary Reference Clock
SSU Synchronisation Supply Unit
SEC SDH Equipment Clock
n 1...20
m 1...10

Fig. 4 Clock Types in SDH Synchronization Network (TR3272EU00TR_0302 Synchronization, 7)

Flat Synchronization Network

Fig. 5 Flat Synchronization Network Architecture (TR3272EU00TR_0302 Synchronization, 7)

 T0 Selection

2048 kHz/2048 Kbit/s T4 T3

T1 T1
STM-N Signals STM-N Signals

SETS
T0 W
WP
P

T0 System Clock
T1 SDH clock reference signal
T3 External clock reference signal, incoming
T4 External clock reference signal, outgoing
SETS Synchronous Equipment Timing Source

Fig. 6 T0 Selection (TR3272EU00TR_0302 Synchronization, 9)

 T4 Selection

Selection Squelch
T4

Selection
T1 T0
T3 SETG

T0 System Clock
OSZ T1 SDH clock reference signal
T3 External clock reference signal, incoming
T4 External clock reference signal, outgoing
SETG Synchronous Equipment Timing Generator

Fig. 7 T4 Selection (TR3272EU00TR_0302 Synchronization, 9)

T0 configuration

1
 T1 configuration

3
2

Fig. 13 "SEC-T0 Config". SURPASS hiT 7050 (TR3272EU00TR0102 Synchronization, 17)

 T3 configuration

3
2

Fig. 17 SEC T3 Config", SURPASS hiT 7050 (TR3272EU00TR0102 Synchronization, 21)

T4 configuration

Fig. 19 T4 Configuration, SURPASS hiT 7050 (TR3272EU00TR0102 Synchronization, 23)

Setting Properties in 7050

Fig. 21 Setting Priorities SURPASS hiT 7050 (TR3272EU00TR0102 Synchronization, 25)

 Assignment of SSM bit patterns

SDH Synchronization quality level

S1Byte, bit5-8 G.8xx Description Accuracy Q-level
0000 Quality unknown Q5

0010 G.811 QL-PRC 1x10E-11 Q1

(highest quality) (highest quality)
0100 G.812T (Transit) QL-SSUT 1x10E-9 Q2
per day
1000 G.812L (Local) QL-SSUL 2x10E-8 Q3
per day
1011 SETS (G.81s, QL-SEC 4.6x10E-6 Q4
G.813) (lowest quality)
1111 do not use for QL-DNU Q6
synchronization
all other codes QL-INV (invalid)

Fig. 8 Assignment of SSM bit patterns (TR3272EU00TR_0302 Synchronization, 10)

Performance
 Bytes for bit error monitoring
B1 N x B1-Byte in the RSOH
RSOH
AU-PTR Payload

MSOH Payload 2 Bits of

V5-Byte in POH
B3-Byte in the POH
AU-PTR
B2 B2 B2 V5
B3 B3-Byte in the POH
MSOH VC-12

N x 3 x B2-Byte in the MSOH B3

VC-4

VC-3

VC-12
Multiframe

Fig. 6 Bytes for bit error monitoring (TR3272EU00TR_0302 Performance management, 13)
 Block Monitoring

Transmit Side Receive Side

Transmission Transmission

Block Block Block Block

Code
Word
Error Error
Detection Code Detection Code

Code
Word

Code Word Comparison

Fig. 7 Block monitoring (TR3272EU00TR_0302 Performance management, 15)

 Generation of BIP-N code
Block

N Bit Sequence

1 2 --- N 1 2 --- N 1 1 2 --- N

Parity
ParityBit
Bit Parity
ParityBit
Bit Parity
ParityBit
Bit
Generation
Generation#1 #1 Generation
Generation#2 #2 Generation
Generation#N#N

P1 P2 ---- PN

BIP-N Code Word

Fig. 8 Generation of BIP N code (TR3272EU00TR_0302 Performance management, 17)

 Error performance events

Errored
ErroredBlock
Block Errored
ErroredSecond
Second
EB
EB ES
ES

Error
Error
Performance
Performance
Events
Events

Severly
SeverlyErrored
Errored Background
Background
Second
Second Block
BlockError
Error
SES
SES BBE
BBE

Fig. 9 Error performance events (TR3272EU00TR_0302 Performance management, 19)

 Available and unavailable state

< 10 s 10 s < 10 s < 10 s 10 s

Time
Available State Unavailable State Available State

Error-free Second

Seconds with Background

Block Error BBE

Severely Errored Second

SES

10 s Interval

Fig. 11 Transition between available and unavailable state (TR3272EU00TR_0302 Performance management, 23)
Unavailable state of a path

Forward
Direction

Backward
Direction

Unavailable State Path

Fig. 12 Unavailable state of a path (TR3272EU00TR_0302 Performance management, 23)

 After

Data
Store
Report
24 Hours

Performance
Start 24-Hour
Performance Report

Fig. 13 Strategies for recording long term intervals (TR3272EU00TR_0302 Performance management, 25)
 Data
Store
Report
Registers
After Filling
all 15-Minute

Performance
Start 15-Minute
Performance Report

Fig. 14 Strategies for recording short term intervals (TR3272EU00TR_0302 Performance management, 27)
 Threshold Setting

A
TC
ES SES BBE

Fig. 15 Usage of configurable thresholds to detect spurious events (TR3272EU00TR_0302 Performance management, 29)
 1s1s1s1s1s1s1s1s1s 1s1s1s1s1s1s1s1s1s

.....
Time

Bad Second
.....

..........
1. 2. 3. 7998. 7999. 8000.
Block Block Block Block Block Block

Interval of one second with 8000 blocks (frames)

Block without errors (BBE‘s)

Block with errors (BBE‘s)

1 s interval

Fig. 29 Calculation of Errored Blocks for a Bad Second and Resulting SD-Alarm (TR3272EU00TR_0302 Performance management, 55)
 Performance counters

TMP Total Measurement Period (in sec)

BBE Background Block Error: Block error (=Bit error)
not occurring as part of a Severely Errored
Second (Near End/Far End)
ES Errored Second: Seconds with one or more
Block errors (Near End/Far End)
SES Severely Errored Second: Seconds with more
then 30% errored blocks (Near End/Far End)
UAS Unavailable Seconds (unavailable time): counted
if 11 or more SES occur consecutively (Near
End/Far End)
-PJE Negative Pointer Justification Events
+PJE Positive Pointer Justification Events

Fig. 32 Performance counters (TR3272EU00TR_0302 Performance management, 59)

hiT 70xx Alarms
 hiT 70xx Alarms
TNMS CT

Alarm Log

Fig. 2 SURPASS hiT70xx alarms (TR3272EU00TR_0302 Maintenance, 5)

Alarm List

Raised/cleared alarms

Equipment

Communication
External (TIF)
 Alarm Processing

Consequent Actions
(e.g. AIS-Insertion)

Consequent Actions
TTI Processing (e.g. AIS-Insertion, Rx-TTI)

HEL
(NE)

Port Supervision No Alarm Report

Disabled/Auto (SSF, AIS, RDI only)
Defect LCT
TNMS

Port TP Supervision Alarm Maintenance

Provisioning Connection Supervision Suppression

Fig. 5 Alarm Processing (TR3272EU00TR_0302 Maintenance, 10)

Management
System Control & Monitoring
 Central Station
TNMS C or TNMS CT
Server

GNE Central Station LAN

Bridge

Leased Lines or
STM-16 SDH Payload
as WAN connection
STM-1

TNMS C or
Bridge TNMS CT
STM-1
Client
STM-1
Extended LAN
GNE

Remote Station
STM-16 STM-1
STM-1

GNEs DCN connections

over DCCR/M Channels
Embedded LAN

Fig. 2 DCN Connections (TR3272EU00TR_0302 MCF configuration, 5)

NSAP address structure

Network-specific part Network Element specific part

NSAP
AFI IDI HO-DSP Domain System ID
SEL

1 Octet 2-7 Octets 0 -5 Octets 1-9 Octets 1-9 Octets 1Octet

NSAP Maximum Total Length = 20 Octets

Fig. 3 NSAP Structure (TR3272EU00TR_0302 MCF configuration, 7)

ISO 6523-ICD

AFI Code Design. HODSP Domain SID SEL

47 2 Bytes 0-5 Bytes 1-9 Bytes 1-9 Bytes 1 Byte
3 Bytes fixed max. 16 Bytes

e.g.
IDP DSP
AFI IDI
AFI ISO ICD HODSP Domain ID System ID NSAP
Format Selector
47 0099 008000000 000000F101 0800061F7BF4 01

Fig. 4 Example of ISO 6523-ICD NSAP address (TR3272EU00TR_0302 MCF configuration, 7)

 Level 1 Level 1
Subdomain Routing Domain Subdomain
TNMS CT

GNE

L1 IS Other Routing L1 IS
Domain
L1 IS
L1 IS STM-16
STM-16

RAP RAP L1 IS
L1 IS
STM-1
Level 2
Subdomain
L1 IS

L1 IS STM-1 L1/L2 IS
L1/L2 IS

STM-16 STM-1 STM-16 STM-1

L1 IS L1 IS L1 IS
L1/L2 IS L1/L2 IS

L1 IS
Area part of NSAP: Area part of NSAP:
470099002760000c0000000040 Embedded LAN 470099002760000c0000000060

Fig. 5 Routing Domain (TR3272EU00TR_0302 MCF configuration, 9)

 Section overhead assignment acc. G.707

column (b)
b=1 b=2 b=3 b=4 b=5 b=6 b=7 b=8 b=9
row (a)
a=1 A1 A1 A1 A2 A2 A2 J0 A1, A2 Framing bytes
B1, B2 Bit Interleaved Parity
RSOH a=2 B1 E1 F1 for bit error monitoring
J0 Section trace
a=3 D1 D2 D3 (STM identifier)
D1-D12 Data channels
AU Pointer H1 H1 H1 H2 H2 H2 H3 H3 H3 E1, E2 Order wire
F1 User channels
a=5 B2 B2 B2 K1 K2 K1, K2 Automatic protection switching
M1 Remote error indication
a=6 D4 D5 D6 S1 Sync. status (timing marker)
MSOH Z1, Z2 spare
a=7 D7 D8 D9 for national use
Media dependent bytes
a=8 D10 D11 D12

a=9 S1 Z1 Z1 Z2 Z2 M1 E2

Fig. 17 Section overhead assignment acc. G707 (TR3272EU00TR_0302 MCF configuration, 29)
TNMS CT (Craft Terminal)
 TNMS CT: LCT and NCT modes

The NCT mode supports the daily work of a service

technician in a software tool optimized way

• Supports of up to 150 NE’s at the same time

without restriction of the Network topology complexity
• Max. 50 open element managers at the same time NCT

Fig. 8 LCT and NCT modes (TR3271eu00tr_0302 Operating terminal, 15)

• Local or remote Client login capability is supported
• Network Alarm list or Network Alarm logs are supported

The LCT mode provides the service

Network interface
technician with a basic function access (Ethernet)
to the network element

• Supports of up to 150 NE’s at the same time

without restriction of the Network
topology complexity
• Max. 3 open element managers at the same time
• Elementary requirements for NE commissioning
• One Client and one Server on the same PC Metro-Access

STM-1/4/16

LCT
Serial line interface
(RS232) or Ethernet
 TNMS CT (Craft Terminal)
TNMS CT
Remote
Server
client

WAN / Internet
WAN / Internet

Remote TNMS CT
client Server

LAN
LCT

Infinity
Infinity Infinity
Infinity

OCU
OCU OCU
OCU
OCP
OCP OCP
OCP

Infinity
Infinity Infinity
Infinity
LCT

hiT 7070 hiT 7070

STM-16 STM-16
BSHR/4 BSHR/4

hiT 7050 hiT 7050

hiT 7070 MSP 1+1 hiT 7070

MSP 1+1
Fig. 2 TNMS CT (Craft Terminal) (TR3272EU00TR_0302 Operating terminal: advanced topics, 5)
 System
Architecture

A configuration with
Server and client
installed in the same
PC is also possible
 Software
Architecture
&
Components
 TNMS CT: Server / Client architecture
TNMS CT
Remote
TNMS CT Client & Server Server
client
components

TNMS CT Client
component WAN / Internet
WAN / Internet

Local TNMS CT
client Server
TNMS CT Server
component

LAN
Infinity
Infinity Infinity
Infinity

OCU
OCU OCU
OCU
OCP
OCP OCP
OCP

Infinity
Infinity Infinity
Infinity

hiT 7070 hiT 7070

STM-16 STM-16
BSHR/4 BSHR/4

hiT 7050 hiT 7050

hiT 7070 MSP 1+1 hiT 7070

MSP 1+1
Fig. 3 TNMS CT: Client/Server architecture (TR3272EU00TR_0302 Operating terminal: advanced topics, 7)
Network architecture

TNMS CT

Fig. 4 Network architecture (TR3272EU00TR_0302 Operating terminal: advanced topics, 9)

Integrated element managers
(EMs) and MSN manager

Management
interfaces

MSN MSN

SMA1/4, SMA4/1, SMA1K, SMA1K-CP,

DCN

QB3M SMA16, SMA16/4, SL16, SLR16, SL64,

MTS, WL, WLS, OCU, WTTR, hiT 70xx

SNMP FSP

QF Local connection to Q3, QD2

and QST network elements
 TNMS CT: Hardware architecture

"
17
Standard
IBM Compatible PC

TNMS CT - Software
Windows 2000 Professional SP4 / Windows XP SP2

Ethernet Ethernet
Adapter N1 Memory CPU Hard Disk Adapter N2
Fig. 5 TNMS CT: System architecture (TR3272EU00TR_0302 Operating terminal: advanced topics, 11)
 TNMS CT
NCT

TNMS CT
LCT
Processor: Pentium 4 2,6 GHz
RAM: 1 GB
Hard disk: 40 GB Ultra DMA-100
Processor: Pentium 4 1,6 GHz Floppy disk drive: 3.5" / 1.44 MB
RAM: 512 MB CD ROM: 48x ATAPI
Hard disk: 40 GB Graphics: Matrox Millenium
Floppy disk drive: 3.5" / 1.44 MB G450 32 MB, DH/DVI
CD ROM: 24x E-Series GUI: 21T3
Graphics: ATI Mobility-Radeon LAN Card: LAN RJ-45
7500 with 32 MB RAM Local Access V24/RS232
GUI: LCD 14.1” TFT XGA Pointer Device Microsoft serial
LAN Card: Modem /LAN E-Series mouse or compatible
Local Access V24/RS232
Pointer Device Microsoft serial
mouse or compatible

Fig. 25 HW configuration example (TR3272EU00TR_0302 Operating terminal: advanced topics, 41)

 TNMS CT: SW installation sequence

WIN 2000 SP4

Operation
Operation System
System
1
or and
and Internet
Internet Browser
Browser
WIN XP SP2

Internet 2
Explorer 6.0

3 Prerequisits
Prerequisits
JavaSoft

4 TNMS
TNMS CT
CT Software
Software
OSI
STACK 6

7
Adobe 5
Acrobat Reader 8
TNMS CT
9

Fig. 27 TNMS CT: SW installation sequence (TR3272EU00TR_0302 Operating terminal: advanced topics, 45)
Function 0 - Supervision 1 - Maintenance 2 - Operation 3- Configuration 4 - Administrator
Assignment to Q3 classes no access to EM 5 8 9 10
Start EM in offline mode access access access access access
Start EM no access read-only access access access
Connect/disconnect NEs no access no access access access access
File transfer no access no access access access access
XML import/export no access no access no access no access access
Access to DCN Management read-only read-only read-only access access
Activate Server access access access access access
Deactivate Server no access no access no access access access
Activate/deactivate selected DCN objects no access no access no access access access
Create/duplicate NEs no access no access no access access access
Edit NE address no access no access no access access access
Delete NE no access no access no access access access
Print/save access access access access access
Print/save DCN information no access no access access access access
Background no access access access access access
Settings (alarm, performance, general) no access read-only read-only access access
Alarm list, alarm log access access access access access
Alarm acknowledgement no access access access access access
Access control (release/request write access) no access no access no access access access
Localize NE access access access access access
Filter access access access access access
Toggle filter settings no access no access no access access access
Column settings no access access access access access
Clear/resize/request list/log data no access no access no access access access
Link window no access access access access access
Create/delete port connection read-only read-only read-only access access
Trace windows no access no access read-only access access
System Message Log access access access access access
Performance management no access no access access access access
Backup settings no access no access no access access access
Backup browser no access no access no access access access
Security log no access no access no access no access access
Advisory message window no access no access no access access access
Archive logs (except for Security Archive Log) no access no access access access access
Security Archive Log no access no access no access no access access
Change password access access access access access
Broadcast NE user configuration no access no access no access no access access
User administration no access no access no access no access access
Fig. 8 TNMS CT User Classes (TR3272EU00TR_0302 Operating terminal: advanced topics, 17)