21ST CENTURY

LITERATURE FROM THE

PHILIPPINES AND THE
WORLD
 Quarter 3
Lesson 1 –
Week 1
Geographic, Linguistic and
Ethnic
Dimensions of Philippine
Literary
History from Pre-Colonial
Think of This!
Our forefathers already had their literature, which reflected in
their customs and traditions. They had their alphabet even
before they had colonized. The Spanish friars burned their
alphabet in the belief that they were works at the devil or were
written on materials that quickly perished like the bark of tress,
dried leaves and the bamboo cylinders, which could not have
remained from even were made to preserve them. Our unique
geographic location is the reason why we are rich.
Objectives:
At the end of this lesson, you are expected to:
1.Identify geographic, linguistic, and ethnic dimensions of
Philippine literary history from pre-colonial to
contemporary and representative texts from the regions.
2.Write a close analysis and critical interpretation of
literary texts.
3.Show a sense of adaptability of the Philippine Literary
History.
What’s In
What’s In
1. What do you know about the different Literary
Periods in Philippines Literature?

2. What are the essential elements of the

Literary pieces under different periods of
literature.
What is Literature?

Literature is anything that is printed, as long

as it is related to the ideas and feeling of
people, whether it is true or just a product of
ones imagination.
PRE-SPANISH LITERATURE

1. Folk Tales- These are

made up of stories
about life, adventure,
love, horror, and
humor where one can
derive lessons.
2. The Epic Age – Epics
are long narrative
poems in which a series
of heroic achievements
of event, usually of a
hero, are dealt with at
length.
PRE-SPANISH LITERATURE
3. Folk Songs – These are one of the
oldest forms of Philippine Literature that
emerged in the pre-Spanish period.
These songs mirrored the early forms of
culture. Many of these have 12 syllables.
Examples:  Oyayi o Hele
 Kundiman  Diana
 Kumintang o Tagumpay  Soliraning
 Ang Dalit o Imno  Talindaw
Understanding Literary History
Spanish Influences on
Philippine Literature
The first Filipino
alphabet, called ALIBATA,
was replaced by the
Roman alphabet.
Folk Songs
It manifest the artistic feelings of the Filipinos
and shows their innate appreciation for and love of
beauty.Example. Pamulinawen, Dandansoy, Sarong
Banggi and atin Cupung singsing.
Recreational Plays
There were recreational plays performed by
Filipinos during the Spanish times. Almost all of
them were in a poetic form such as

Cenaculo Panunuluyan Salubong zarsuela

PERIOD OF ENLIGHTENMENT (1972-1898)

The Propaganda Movement (1872-1896) – This

movement was spearheaded mostly by the
intellectual middle-class like Jose Rizal, Marcelo
del Pilar, Graciano Lopez Jaena, Antonio Luna,
Mariano Ponce, Jose Ma. Panganiban, and
Pedro Paterno.
Jose Rizal Writings:
 Noli Me tangere

 Mi Ultimo Adios

 Sobre La Indolencia Delos Filipinos

 Filipinas Dentro De Cien AÑos
Del Pilar’s Writings:

 Pagibig sa Tinubuang Lupa(Love of Country)

 Kaingat kayo ( Be careful)
 Dasalan at Tocsohan (Prayers and Jokes)
Jaena’s Writings:
 Fray Botod
 La Hija Del Fraile (Child of the Friar)
 Everything is Hambug (Everything is mere
show)
 Sa mga Pilipino..1891)

 Talumpating Paggunita kay Kolumbus ( An

Oration to Commemorate Columbus)
THE AMERICAN REGIME(1898-1944)
Characteristics of Literature during this period:
The language used in writing were Spanish and
Tagalog and the dialects of the different regions.
But the writers in Tagalog, continued in their
lamentations on the conditions of the country and
their attempts to arouse love for one’s native
tongue and the writers in English imitated the
themes and methods of the Americans.
THE JAPANESE PERIOD(1941-1945)
Filipino Poetry during this period:
The common theme of most poems during the
Japanese occupation was nationalism, country,
love, and life in the barios, faith, religion, and the
arts.
Three types of poems emerged during this period:
a. Haiku
b. Tanaga
c. Karaniwang Anyo
 PHILIPPINE LITERATURE IN ENGLISH
(1941-1945)
Because of the strict prohibitions imposed by the japanese
in the writing and publishing of works in English, Philippine
literature in English experienced a dark period. For the first
twenty years many books were published both in Filipino
and in English.

In the new Filipino Literature in Tagalog was revived

during this period. Most themes in the writings dealt with
Japanese brutalities, the poverty of life under the
Japanese government, and the brave guerilla exploits.
PERIOD OF ACTIVISM (1970-1972)
According to Pociano Pineda, youth activism in 1970-72
was due to domestic and worldwide causes. Because of
the ills of society, the youth moved to seek reforms.

The Literary Revolution

The youth became vocal with their
sentiments. They demanded a change in the
government. It was manifested in the bloody
demonstrations and the sidewalk expressions and
also in literature.
PERIOD OF NEW SOCIETY (1972-1980)

The period of the New Society started on September 21,

1972. The Carlos Palanca Awards continued to give
annual awards. Poems dealt with patience, regard for
native culture, customs, and the beauties of nature and
surroundings. Newspapers donned new forms.

News on economic progress, discipline, culture, tourism,

and the like were favored more than the sensationalized
reporting of killings, rape and robberies. Filipinos before
were hooked in reading magazines and comics.
PERIOD OF THE THIRD REPUBLIC(1981-1985)

After ten years of military rule and some changes in the

life of the Filipino, which started under New Society,
Martial Rule was at last lifted on Jan. 2, 1981. The
Philippine became a new nation, and this, former
President Marcos called “The New Republic of the
Philippines.”Poems during this period of the Third
Republic romantic and revolutionary. Many Filipino
songs dealt with themes that were true-to-life like those
of grief, poverty, aspirations for freedom, love of God, of
country and fellowmen.
POST-EDSA 1 REVOLUTION (1986-1995)
History took another twist. Once more, the Filipino
people regained their independence, which they lost
twenty years ago. In four days from Fe. 21-25, 1986, the
so-called People Power (Lakas ng Bayan) prevailed. In
the short span of the existence of the real republic of
the Philippines, several changes already became
evident. It was noticed in the new Filipino songs,
newspapers, speeches, and even in the television
programs. The crony newspapers that enjoyed an
overnight increase in circulation were the INQUIRER,
MALAYA, and the PEOPLE’S JOURNAL.
21ST CENTURY PERIOD

The new trends have been used and introduced to meet

the need and tastes of the new generation. 21st Century
learners are demanded to be ICT inclined to complete
with the style and format of writing as well. New codes
or lingos are used to add flavor in the literary pieces
produced nowadays.
 Quarter 3
Lesson 2 –
Week
Identifying 1
Representative Texts
from the Regions
What’s In

1. What are the different Literary Periods in

Philippine Literature?
2. What are the basic elements of the literary pieces
under the Japanese Regime? American Period
Spanish Period?
3. What are changes in Literature during the 21st
Century?
A Taste of Philippine Poetry
Located in the northwest of Luzon, the Ilocos Region or
Region 1 is comprised of four provinces, namely: Ilocos
Norte, Ilococ Sur, La Union, and Pangasinan. It is
bordered to the west by the turbulent South China Sea,
to the east by the Cordillera Administrative Region, the
northeast and southeast by Cagayan Valley and the
South by Central Luzon. Most of the inhabitants of the
Ilocano homeland are concentrated along a narrow
coastal plain. Because of the geographical boundaries,
these people often experience heavy rains and violent
typhoons, especially during rainy seasons.
A Taste of Philippine Poetry

The region, then, takes pride in long stretches of white

sand and clear waters alongside its rich cultural
heritage. What you are about to read is a poem written
by a Carlos Palanca Memorial Awardee in Poetry in
1964. Carlos A. Angeles. His collection of poems
entitled. Stun of Jewels, also bagged him the Republic
Cultural Heritage Award in Literature in the same year.
A Moment of Silence

Gabu depicts a coastline in Ilocos that is constantly

experiencing the battering restlessness of the sea. The
water that comes back to the shore seems furious and
ruthless with its daylong bashing, which hovocs the
wasteland. Being an archipelagic country, the
Philippine knows the importance of water and the sea.
A Taste of Tagalog Essay

More popularly known now as the CALABARZON

referring to the provinces of Cavite, laguna, Batangas,
Rizal, and Quezon, Region IV – A is a home to
Tagalog-speaking people in the Philippines.
Recognized all over the country for their bravery and
fearlessness in battles, CARABALZON has
participated actively in the country’s fight for freedom
and democracy. It is home to many Philippine heroes
foremost, and among them are Rizal of Laguna, Mabini
of Batangas, and Aguinaldo of Cavite.
Activity to be answered:

Task 1:
As a grade 11 Filipino learner, in what way you can
show a sense of adaptability to the diverse Philippines
Literary History? State your answer in a 3-5 paragraph
essay.