GE3171 Problem Solving and Python Programming Lab Manual Shanen

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net
1.A. ELECTRICITY BILL

AIM:
To write a python program to calculate electricity bill
ALGORITHM
Step1: Start
Step2: Read units
Step3: check if(units<=100) then
payAmount=units*1.5
fixedcharge=25.00
elif(units<=200) then
payAmount=(100*1.5)+(units*100)*2.5
fixedcharge=50.00
elif (units<=300) then

payAmount=(100*1.5)+(200-100)*2.5+(units-200)*4
fixedcharge=100.00
ww elif(units<=350) then
payAmount=(100*1.5)=(200-100)*2.5+(300-200)*4=(units-300)*5
fixedcharge=100.00
w else
payAmount=0
.Ea
fixedcharge=1500.00
step4 : calculate total=payAmount+fixedcharge
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Step 5: print the electricity bill
Step 6: stop
PROGRAM
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units=int(input("please enter the number of units you consumed in a month"))
if(units<=100):
payAmount=units*1.5
fixedcharge=25.00 nee
elif(units<=200):
payAmount=(100*1.5)+(units-100)*2.5
fixedcharge=50.00 rin
elif(units<=300):
payAmount=(100*1.5)+(200-100)*2.5+(units-200)*4 g.n
fixedcharge=75.00
elif(units<=350):
payAmount=(100*1.5)+(200-100)*2.5+(300-200)*4+(units-300)*5
fixedcharge=100.00
et
else:
payAmount=0
fixedcharge=1500.00
Total=payAmount+fixedcharge
print("\nElecticity bill",Total)
RESULT:
Thus the Program was executed successfully and the output was verified.
OUTPUT:
please enter the number of units you consumed in a month300
Electicity bill 875.0
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1.B. RETAIL SHOP BILLING

AIM:
To write a python program to calculate Retail shop bill
ALGORITHM:
Step 1: Start the program
Step 2 : Define a function to calculate the bill amount.
Step 3: Read items_list, reqd _list,price_list,reqd_quantity.
Stem 4: Call the function to calculate bill amount.
Step 5 : Print the bill amount.
Step 6: Stop the program.
PROGRAM:
def calculate_bill_amount(items_list, price_list, reqd_items,reqd_quantity):
wwbill_amount=0
i=0
w
total=0
leng=len(reqd_items) .Ea
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check = all(item in items_list for item in reqd_items)
if check is True:
while(i<leng):
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inty=items_list.index(reqd_items[i])
total=total+ price_list[inty]*reqd_quantity[i] nee
bill_amount=total
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else:
i=i+1
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bill_amount=total
return bill_amount
et
items_list=["rice","oil","sugar","soap","paste"]
price_list=[50,200,40,30,35]
reqd_items=["rice","oil"]
reqd_quantity=[5,2]
bill_amount=calculate_bill_amount(items_list, price_list, reqd_items, reqd_quantity)
print(“Total bill amount:”, bill_amount)
RESULT:
OUTPUT:
Total bill amount: 650

1.C.SINE SERIES
AIM:
To write a python program to calculate Sine series
sin x = x - x3/3! + x5/5! - x7/7! + x9/9! ........
ALGORITHM:
Step 1: start
Step 2: read the value of x and n
Step 3: calculate the sum of sine series
Sign=-1
Fact=i=1
Sum=0
Step 4: check while i<=n then
P=1
Fact=1
For j in range (1,I +1)then
P=p*x
fact=fact*j
sign=-1*sign
ww Step 5: calculate sum=sum+sign*p/fact

I=i+2
Step 6: print(‘sin(,’x,’)=’,sum)
w Step 7:stop
PROGRAM:
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x = int(input("Enter the value of x: "))
n = int(input("Enter the value of n: "))
sign = -1
fact = i =1
sum = 0 syE
while i<=n:
p=1
fact = 1 ngi
for j in range(1,i+1):
p = p*x nee
fact = fact*j
sign = -1*sign
sum = sum + sign* p/fact rin
i = i+2
print("sin(",x,") =",sum) g.n
RESULT:
et
OUTPUT:
Enter the value of x: 5
Enter the value of n: 4
sin( 5 ) = -15.833333333333332

1.D. WEIGHT OF BIKE

AIM:
To write a python program along with flowchart to calculate Weight of bike
ALGORITHM:
Step1: start
Step2: read the values of x,wf,wr,wb
Step3: calculate the weight of bike
X=wr*wb/wf+wr
Step4: print weight of bike
Step5: stop
PROGRAM:
Wf=10#front weight
Wr=40# rear weight
WB=50#wheelbase
X =Wr*WB/ Wf+Wr
print("Weight of bike",X)
ww
RESULT:
w
OUTPUT:
Weight of bike 240.0 .Ea

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1.E.WEIGHT OF STEEL BAR

AIM:
To write a python program along with flowchart to calculate Weight of steel bar
ALGORITHM:
Step1 :start
Step2: read the values of D and L
Step 3: calculate weight of steel bar
W=(D**2)*L)/162
Step4: print Weight of steel bar
Step5 : stop
PROGRAM:
D=10
L=100
W=(D**2)*L)/162
print (“Weight of steel bar”, W)
ww
RESULT:
w
OUTPUT:
.Ea
Weight of steel bar 61.72839506172839
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1.F. COMPUTE ELECTRICAL CURRENT IN THREE PHASE AC CIRCUIT
AIM:
To write a python program to calculate Sine series
ALGORITHM:
Step 1: start
Step 2: read the value of R , X_L ,V_L ,f
Step 3: calculate the line current
V_Ph =V_L/sqrt(3)
Z_Ph =sqrt((R**2)+(X_L**2))
I_Ph =V_Ph/Z_Ph
I_L = I_Ph
Step 4: print the line current in A is , round(I_L ,2)
Step 5: calculate the power factor
Pf = cos (phi) = R_Ph/Z_Ph
R_Ph=R
Phi= a cos(R_Ph/Z_Ph)
Step 6: print the power factor is : Pf ‘degree lag.
ww
Step 7: calculate the power supplied
P=sqrt(3)*V_L*I_L*cos(phi)
Step 8: print the power supplied in W is;P
w
Step 9: stop
PROGRAM:
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from math import cos,acos,sqrt
R = 20.;# in ohm
X_L = 15.;# in ohm
V_L = 400.;# in V syE
f = 50.;# in Hz
#calculations
V_Ph = V_L/sqrt(3);# in V ngi
Z_Ph = sqrt( (R**2) + (X_L**2) );# in ohm
I_Ph = V_Ph/Z_Ph;# in A nee
I_L = I_Ph;# in A
print ("The line current in A is",round(I_L,2))
# pf = cos(phi) = R_Ph/Z_Ph; rin
R_Ph = R;# in ohm
phi= acos(R_Ph/Z_Ph); g.n
# Power factor
pf= cos(phi);# in radians
print ("The power factor is : ",pf,"degrees lag.")
P = sqrt(3)*V_L*I_L*cos(phi);# in W
et
print ("The power supplied in W is",P)
RESULT:
OUTPUT:
The line current in A is 9.24

The power factor is : 0.8 degrees lag.
The power supplied in W is 5120.000000000001

2.A. CIRCULATE THE VALUES OF N VARIABLES

AIM:
To write a Python program to circulate values of ‘n’ variables in the list
ALGORITHM:
Step1: start
Step2: read upper limit ‘var’
Step3: read ‘var’ elements using loop and store them in list
Step4: pop out each element from list and append to list
Step5: print list
Step6: stop
PROGRAM:
Var=int(input(‘enter number of values’))
List1=[]
For val in range (0, var, 1):
ele=int(input(“Enter the element”))
list1 . append(ele)
print (“circulating the elements of list”,list1)
ww
for val in range (0, var,1)
ele = list1.pop(0)
list1.append(ele)
w
RESULT:
print(list1)
.Ea
To write a Python program to circulate values of ‘n’ variables in the list.
OUTPUT:
enter number of values 4
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enter the element12
enter the element43 ngi
enter the element11
enter the element56
circulating the elements of list [12, 43, 11, 56] nee
[43, 11, 56, 12]
[11, 56, 12, 43]
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[56, 12, 43, 11]
[12, 43, 11, 56]
g.n
et

2.B. EXCHANGE THE VALUES OF TWO VARIABLES

AIM:
To write a Python program to exchange the values of two variables.
ALGORITHM:
Step 1: Start
Step 2: Initialize the function of swap
Step 3: Declare the variables a and b read input
Step 4: Call the function swap a,b
Step 5: The function swap perform the following operation
temp=a
a=b
b=temp
step 6:Print swap number a and b
step 7:Stop
PROGRAM:
ww
def swap(a,b):
temp=a
a=b
w b=temp
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print(“the value of x after swapping:”,a)
print(“the value of y after swapping:”,b)
return
x=int(input(“Enter value of x:”))
y=int(input(“Enter value of y:"))
swap(x,y)
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RESULT: ngi
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OUTPUT:
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Enter value of x:6
Enter value of y:8
the value of x after swapping: 8 g.n
the value of y after swapping: 6
et

2.C. DISTANCE BETWEEN TWO POINTS

AIM:
To write the python program to find distance between two points.
ALGORITHM:
STEP 1: start the program
STEP2: Define function distance
STEP3: Read the value a,b,c & d
STEP4: Call the function distance
STEP5: The Distance function performs following
d=math.sqrt(((x2-x1)**2)+((y2-y1)**2))
STEP6: Print distance between two points.
STEP7: Stop the program
PROGRAM:
ww
import math
w
def distance (x1,y1,x2,y2):
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d=math.sqrt(((x2-x1)**2)+((y2-y1)**2))
return d
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a= int(input('Enter the value of x1'))
b= int(input('Enter the value of x2'))
c= int(input('Enter the value of x1'))
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d= int(input('Enter the value of x2'))
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print( 'The distance between the two points is', distance(a,b,c,d))
RESULT:
Thus the Program was executed successfully and the output was verified. rin
OUTPUT: g.n
Enter the value of x13
et
The distance between the two points is 2.8284271247461903

3.A. NUMBER SERIES
AIM:
To write a python program to print series of numbers.
ALGORITHM:
Step 1: Start the program.
Step 2: Take the input from the user by using python input () function.
Step 3: Iterate for loop with the user input number.
Step 4: Increment for loop iteration value by 1, as well as print iteration value.
PROGRAM
ww
n = int(input("Please Enter any Number: "))
print("The List of Natural Numbers from 1", "to", n)
w
for i in range(1, n + 1):
print (i, end = ' ') .Ea

RESULT: syE
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OUTPUT:
Please Enter any Number: 10
The List of Natural Numbers from 1 to 10
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1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
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3.B. NUMBER PATTERN

AIM:
To write a python program to print pattern of numbers.
ALGORITHM:

Step 2: create a variable num.
Step 3: The first outer loop is used to handle a number of rows and the inner loop is used to handle
a number of columns.
Step 4: Print (i, end=” “) is used to display numbers and the other print (“”) is used for the next
line after each row
Step5: Stop the program
PROGRAM
num = 5
for n in range(1, num):
ww for i in range(1, n+1):
w print(i, end=" ")

print("")
RESULT: .Ea
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OUTPUT:
1
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12
123 nee
1234
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3.C.PYRAMID PATTERN
AIM:
To write a python program to print Pyramid pattern.
ALGORITHM:

Step 2: create a variable num.
Step 3: The first outer loop is used to handle a number of rows and the inner loop is used to handle
a number of columns.
Step 4: Print (“*”, end=” “) is used to display numbers and the other print () is used for the next
line after each row
PROGRAM
num = 5
for n in range(0, num):
ww for i in range(0, n+1):
w print(*, end=" ")

print()
RESULT: .Ea
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OUTPUT:
*
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**
*** nee
****
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4.A. OPERATIONS OF LIST

AIM:
To write a python program to implement the operations of a list.
ALOGIRTM
Step: Start the program
Step 2: Create a list named list.
Step 3: Display the items in the list
Step 4: Append a new element to the existing list
Step 5: Delete an element from the existing list.
Step 6: Create a new list and concatenate it with the existing list.
Step 7: Repeat an item to a specified number of times.
PROGRAM:
print('operations of list')
list=['python programming','java complete reference','C']
print('Books available in library:')
print(list)
print('append the item in list')
newbook=input("enter the name of book to be inserted")
ww
newlist=list.append(newbook)
print(list)
newlist=['C++ programming','C Programming']
w
print('Concatenation of 2 lists')
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print('Concatenated list: ',(list+newlist))
print('Repetition of an item in list')
print(3*'python programming')
list.remove('python programming')
print("Available books")
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print("Removing an item from list")
print(list)
RESULT: ngi
OUTPUT:
operations of list nee
Thus the python program was executed and verified successfully.
Books available in library:

['python programming', 'java complete reference', 'C']
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append the item in list
enter the name of book to be inserted C++
['python programming', 'java complete reference', 'C', ' C++'] g.n
Concatenation of 2 lists
et
Concatenated list: ['python programming', 'java complete reference', 'C', ' C++', 'C++ programming',
'C Programming']
Repetition of an item in list
python programmingpython programmingpython programming
Removing an item from list
Available books
['java complete reference', 'C', ' C++']

4.B. OPERATIONS OF TUPLE

AIM:
To write a python program to implement the operations of a tuple1.
ALOGIRTM
Step1: Start the program.
Step 2: Create a tuple1 named tuple1.
Step 3: Display the items in the tuple1.
Step 4: Create a new tuple1 and concatenate it with the existing tuple1.
Step 5: Repeat an item to a specified number of times.
Step6: Search the materials for construction of civil structure.
Step7:Stop the program.
PROGRAM:
print('operations of tuple1')
tuple1=('bricks','cement','steel')
print('Displaying the items in tuple1')
print('Materials required for construction of building:')
print(tuple1)
newtuple1=('sand','wood')
ww
print('Concatenation of 2 tuples')
print('Concatenated tuple1: ',(tuple1+newtuple1))
print('Repetition of an item in tuple1')
w
print(3*'steel')
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print('Searching the materials for construction of building')
if 'C' in tuple1:
print('present')
else:
print('not present') syE
RESULT: ngi
OUTPUT:
operations of tuple1 nee
Displaying the items in tuple1
Materials required for construction of building:
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('bricks', 'cement', 'steel')
Concatenation of 2 tuples
Concatenated tuple1: ('bricks', 'cement', 'steel', 'sand', 'wood') g.n
Repetition of an item in tuple1
steelsteelsteel
Searching the materials for construction of building
not present
et

5.A. OPERATIONS OF SETS
AIM:
To write a python program to apply operations of set for programming language.
ALGORITHM:
Step 2: Creating a Set with the use of a List and print the result.
Step 3: Addition of Languages to the Set using Update operation and print the result.
Step 4: Removing languages from Set using Remove operation and print the result.
Step5: Find the Language present or not in Set using membership operation and print the result.
ww
Step6: Apply Union operation on Set using “|” operator and print the result.
Step7: Apply Intersection operation on set using “&” operator and print the result.
w .Ea
PROGRAM
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set1 = set(["python", "C", "C++","java"])
print("\n Programming languages ")
print(set1) ngi
set1.update(["PHP","SQL","VISUAL BASIC"])
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print("\nSet after Addition of Languages using Update: ")
print(set1) rin
set1.remove("C")
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set1.remove("PHP")
print("\nSet after Removal of two Languages: ")
print(set1)
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if "C" in set1:
print("present")
else:
print("not present")
set2=set(["Java script","R"])
set3 = set1|set2
print("\nUnion using '|' operator")
print(set3)
set4 = set1 & set3
print("\nIntersection using '&' operator")

print(set4)
RESULT:
OUTPUT:
Programming languages
{'C', 'python', 'java', 'C++'}
Set after Addition of Languages using Update:

{'C', 'python', 'PHP', 'C++', 'java', 'SQL', 'VISUAL BASIC'}
Set after Removal of two Languages:

{'python', 'C++', 'java', 'SQL', 'VISUAL BASIC'}
not present
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Union using '|' operator
{'python', 'R', 'java', 'SQL', 'Java script', 'VISUAL BASIC', 'C++'}
w
Intersection using '&' operator
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{'python', 'C++', 'java', 'SQL', 'VISUAL BASIC'}
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5.B. OPERATIONS OF DICTIONARIES
AIM:
To write a python program to apply operations of dictionary for components of automobile.
ALGORITHM:
Step 2 Creating a Dictionary for components of automobile with Integer Keys

and print the result.
Step 3: Updating existing Key's Value and print the result.
Step 4: accessing a component using key and print the result.
Step5: Deleting a key using pop and print the result.
ww
Step6: Find the components present or not in Dictionary using membership operator and print the
result.
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Step7: Apply Intersection operation on set using “&” operator and print the result.
Step 8:Stop the program. .Ea

PROGRAM
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Dict = {1: 'Engine', 2: 'Gearbox', 3: 'lights'}
print("\nComponents of automobile ") ngi
print(Dict)
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Dict[4] = 'Battery'
print("\nUpdated Components: ") rin
print(Dict)
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print("Accessing a Component using key:")
print(Dict[1])
pop_ele = Dict.pop(2)
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print('\n components after deletion: ' + str(Dict))
if "Break" in Dict.values():
print('Present')
else:
print('Not present')
RESULT:

OUTPUT:
Components of automobile
{1: 'Engine', 2: 'Gearbox', 3: 'lights'}
Updated Components:
{1: 'Engine', 2: 'Gearbox', 3: 'lights', 4: 'Battery'}
Accessing a Component using key:
Engine
components after deletion: {1: 'Engine', 3: 'lights', 4: 'Battery'}

Not present
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6.A. FACTORIAL OF A NUMBER USING FUNCTION

AIM:
To write a Python program to print factorial of a number using function

ALGORITHM:
Step 1.Start the program
Step 2: Defining a recursive function
Step 3: Read the input from the user
Step 4 : if input number is negative then return an error message
Step 5: elif the input number is 0 then display 1 as output
Step6: else calculate the factorial by calling the user defined function
Step7: stop the program
PROGRAM:
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def factorial(num):
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if num == 1:
else:
return num
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return num * factorial(num - 1)
num = int(input("Enter the number: "))
if num < 0:
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print("Invalid input")
elif num == 0: nee
print ("Factorial of 0 is 1")
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else:
print ("Factorial of %d is %d" %(num, factorial(num))) g.n
RESULT:
et
OUTPUT:
Enter the number: 5
Factorial of 5 is 120

6(B). FIND LARGEST NUMBER IN A LIST USING FUNCTION

AIM:
To write a Python program to find largest number in a list using function.

ALGORITHM:
Step 1.Start the program
Step 2:defining a mymax function
# Assume first number in list is largest
# initially and assign it to variable "max"
#Now traverse through the list and compare each number with "max" value. Whichever is
largest assign that value to "max'.
Step 3. Read the elements in the list
Step4. Print largest number by calling the user defined function
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Step5:stop the program
PROGRAM:
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def myMax(list1):
max = list1[0]
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for x in list1:
if x > max: syE
max = x
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return max
list1 = [10, 20, 4, 45, 99]
print("Largest element is:", myMax(list1))
RESULT: rin
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OUTPUT:
Largest element is: 99 et

6(C). FIND AREA OF SHAPES(SQUARE) USING FUNCTION
AIM:
To write a Python program to find area of shapes(square) using function

ALGORITHM:
Step 2: Defining a Area of square function
Step 3: Read the side of square
Step4: Print area of square by calling the user defined function
Program:
def Areaofsquare(side):
ww Area = side*side
w return Area
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side = int(input('enter a the value of side'))
print(Areaofsquare(side))
RESULT:
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OUTPUT:
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enter a the value of side8
64 nee
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7.A. REVERSE A STRING
AIM:
To write a Python program to reverse the strings

ALGORITHM:
Step 2: Defining a reversed_string function
Step 3: Read the string
Step4: Print the reversed string by calling the user defined function
Program:
def reversed_string(text):
ww if len(text) == 1:
wreturn text
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return reversed_string(text[1:]) + text[:1]
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print(reversed_string("Python Programming!"))
RESULT:
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OUTPUT:
nee
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!gnimmargorP nohtyP
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7.B. PALINDROME
AIM:
To write a Python program to reverse the strings

ALGORITHM:
Step 2: Defining a isPalindrome function
Step4: Check the string is palindrome or not by calling the user defined function. Condition is true
print yes its palindrome.
Step5: otherwise print no its not palindrome
Program:
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def isPalindrome(s):
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return s == s[::-1]
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s = input("enter any string :")
ans = isPalindrome(s)
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if ans:
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print(s,"Yes it's a palindrome")
else:
print(s,"No it's not a palindrome")

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RESULT:
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OUTPUT:
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enter any string :malayalam
malayalam Yes it's a palindrome

7.C. CHARACTER COUNT
AIM:
To write a Python program to count the character in the strings

ALGORITHM:
Step 2: Defining a count_chars function
Step4: Print the no.of characters in a string by calling the user defined function
Program:
def count_chars(txt):
ww result = 0
w for char in txt:
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result += 1 # same as result = result + 1
return result
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text=input("enter any string")
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print("no.of characters in a string",count_chars(text))
RESULT:
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OUTPUT:
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enter any string welcome
no.of characters in a string 7

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7.D. REPLACING CHARACTERS
AIM:
To write a Python program to replace the character in the strings

ALGORITHM:
Step3: Print the replaced string by using replace() method
Program:
string = "python is a programming language is powerful"
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print(string.replace("a", "A",1))
print(string.replace("a", "A"))
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RESULT:
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OUTPUT:
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python is A programming language is powerful
python is A progrAmming lAnguAge is powerful ngi
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8(A). PANDA LIBRARY MODULE

AIM:
To write a python program to implement the panda library module.
ALOGIRTM
Step1: Start the program
Step 2: import pandas as pd.
Step 3: creating a series as data.
Step 4: creating a series as data1
Step 5: print the series data and data1.
PROGRAM:
import pandas as pd
data = pd.Series([5, 2, 3,7], index=['a', 'b', 'c', 'd'])
data1 = pd.Series([1, 6, 4, 9], index=['a', 'b', 'd', 'e'])
print(data, "\n\n", data1)
RESULT:
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OUTPUT:
a 5
b w2
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c 3
d 7
dtype: int64
a 1 ngi
b
d
6
4
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e 9
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dtype: int64
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8(B). NUMPY LIBRARY MODULE

AIM:
To write a python program to implement the numpy library module.
ALOGIRTM

Step 2: import numpy as np
Step 3: creating a simple array as data.
Step 4: print the simple array data.
PROGRAM:
import numpy as np
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data = np.array([1,3,4,7])
print(data)
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RESULT:
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OUTPUT:
[1 3 4 7] syE
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8(C).MATPLOTLIB LIBRARY MODULE

AIM:
To write a python program to implement the matplotlib library module.
ALOGIRTM

Step 2: import pyplot as plt
Step 3: Read x-axis values
Step 3: Read Y-axis values
Step 3:.Define the function to plot
Step 4: Call the function to show the plot
ww
PROGRAM:
w
from matplotlib import pyplot as plt
x = [5, 2, 9, 4, 7]
y = [10, 5, 8, 4, 2] .Ea
plt.plot(x,y)
plt.show()
syE
RESULT:
ngi
nee
rin
OUTPUT:
g.n
et

8(D).SCIPY LIBRARY MODULE

AIM:
To write a python program to implement the scipy library module.
ALOGIRTM
Step 2: import numpy as np
Step 3: importing linalg function from scipy

Step 4: Compute the determinant of a matrix
PROGRAM:
ww
import numpy as np
A = np.array([[1,2,3],[4,2,6],[7,3,9]])
from scipy import linalg
w
linalg.det(A)
RESULT:
.Ea
syE
OUTPUT:
6.0
ngi
nee
rin
g.n
et

9.A. COPY CONTENTS OF ONE FILE TO ANOTHER FILE

AIM:
To Copy contents of one file to another file
ALGORITHM:
STEP 1: Start
STEP 2: open both files
STEP 3: Add file name as argument
STEP 4: read content from first file
STEP 5: append content to secon
d file
STEP 6: Stop
PROGRAM:
ww
with open('first.txt','r') as firstfile, open('second.txt','a') as secondfile:
for line in firstfile:
w
RESULT:
secondfile.write(line)
.Ea
syE
FILE CREATION:
ngi
nee
rin
g.n
et
OUTPUT:

9.B.WORD COUNT
AIM:
To find the word and lines in command line arguments.
ALGORITHM:
STEP 1: Start
STEP 2: Add arguments to find the words and lines
STEP 3: Add file name as argument
STEP 4: Parse the arguments to get the values
STEP 5: Format and print the words
STEP 6: Stop
PROGRAM:
fname = input("Enter file name: ")
ww num_words = 0
with open(fname, 'r') as f:
w for line in f:
.Ea
words = line.split()
num_words += len(words)
print("Number of words:") syE
RESULT:
print(num_words)
ngi
nee
FILE CREATION:
rin
g.n
et
OUTPUT:
Enter file name: first.py
Number of words:
3

9.C. LONGEST WORD

AIM:
To write a python program to find longest word from file
ALGORITHM:
STEP 1: Start
STEP 2: Open text file say ‘s1.py’ in read mode using open function
STEP 3: Pass file name and access mode to open function
STEP 4: Read the whole content of text file using read function and store it in another variable say
‘str’
STEP 5: Use split function on str object and store words in variable say ‘words’
STEP 6: Find maximum word from words using len method
STEP 7: Iterate through word by word using for loop
STEP 8: Use if loop within for loop to check the maximum length of word
STEP 9: Store maximum length of word in variable say ‘longest_word’
STEP 10: Display longst_word using print function
STEP 11: Stop
PROGRAM:
ww
fin = open("first.py","r")
str = fin.read()
words = str.split()
w
max_len = len(max(words, key=len))
for word in words:
.Ea
if len(word)==max_len:
longest_word =word
print(longest_word)
RESULT:
syE
ngi
FILE CREATION:
nee
rin
g.n
et
OUTPUT:
welcome

10.A. DIVIDE BY ZERO ERROR
AIM
To write a python program to implement exception handling using devide by zero error.
Algorithm
step 1: Start
Step 2: Enter the inputs a and b
Step 3: Calculate (a+b)/(a-b) in try block
Step 4: if a equal to b try block throws an exception.
Step 5: The exception is caught and handled.
Step 6: stop
Program
a=int(input("Entre a="))
ww
b=int(input("Entre b="))
try:
c = ((a+b) / (a-b))
w
#Raising Error
if a==b:
.Ea
raise ZeroDivisionError
#Handling of error
except ZeroDivisionError:
print ("a/b result in 0")
else: syE
print (c)
RESULT: ngi
nee
OUTPUT:
Enter a=4 rin
Enter b=4
a/b result in 0 g.n
et

10.B. VOTER’S AGE VALIDITY
AIM
To write a python program to implement exception handling using voter’s age validity.
Algorithm
step 1: Start
Step 2: Enter the age
Step 3: Check whether the age is less than 18.
Step 4: If less than 18 throw an exception
Step 6: stop
Program:
a=int(input("Enter your age"))
ww
try:
w c=a
#Raising Error
.Ea
if c<18:
raise ValueError
syE
#Handling of error ngi
except ValueError:
nee
print ("not eligible for voting - enter above 18")
rin
else:
g.n
print (c)
RESULT:
et
OUTPUT:
Enter your age15
not eligible for voting - enter above 18
Enter your age20
20

10.C. STUDENT MARK RANGE VALIDATION
AIM
To write a python program to implement exception handling using Students mark range.
Algorithm
step 1: Start
Step 2: Enter the mark of student
Step 3: Check whether the mark is between 0 and 100
Step 4: if the range is not between 0 and 100 then throw an exception.
Step 6: stop
Program:
ww
a=int(input("Enter any marks"))
try:
w c=a
#Raising Error .Ea

if c>0 and c>100: syE
raise ValueError
ngi
#Handling of error
except ValueError:
nee
print ("not correct students mark range value btween 1-100") rin
else: g.n
print (c)
RESULT:
et
OUTPUT:
Enter any marks102
not correct students mark range value btween 1-100
Enter any marks90
90

11. EXPLORING PYGAME TOOL.
Pygame
o Pygame is a cross-platform set of Python modules which is used to create video games.
o It consists of computer graphics and sound libraries designed to be used with the Python
programming language.
o Pygame was officially written by Pete Shinners to replace PySDL.
o Pygame is suitable to create client-side applications that can be potentially wrapped in a
standalone executable.
Pygame Installation
Install pygame in Windows
Before installing Pygame, Python should be installed in the system, and it is good to have 3.6.1 or
above version because it is much friendlier to beginners, and additionally runs faster. There are
mainly two ways to install Pygame, which are given below:
1. Installing through pip: The good way to install Pygame is with the pip tool (which is what python
ww
uses to install packages). The command is the following:
w
py -m pip install -U pygame --user
.Ea
2. Installing through an IDE: The second way is to install it through an IDE and here we are using
Pycharm IDE. Installation of pygame in the pycharm is straightforward. We can install it by running
o syE
the above command in the terminal or use the following steps:
Open the File tab and click on the Settings option.

o import pygame
Simple pygame Example
ngi
import pygame
pygame.init() nee
screen = pygame.display.set_mode((400,500))
done = False
rin
while not done:
for event in pygame.event.get():
if event.type == pygame.QUIT: g.n
done = True
pygame.display.flip() et

12.A. SIMULATE BOUNCING BALL USING PYGAME

AIM:
To write a python program to simulate bouncing ball using pygame.
PROGRAM/SOURCE CODE :
import sys, pygame
pygame.init()
size = width, height = 800, 600
speed = [1, 1]
background = 255, 255, 255
screen = pygame.display.set_mode(size)
ww
pygame.display.set_caption("Bouncing ball")
w
ball = pygame.image.load("ball.png")
.Ea
ballrect = ball.get_rect()
while 1:

syE
if event.type == pygame.QUIT: ngi
sys.exit()
nee
ballrect = ballrect.move(speed)
rin
if ballrect.left < 0 or ballrect.right > width:
speed[0] = -speed[0] g.n

if ballrect.top < 0 or ballrect.bottom > height:
speed[1] = -speed[1]
et
screen.fill(background)
screen.blit(ball, ballrect)
pygame.display.flip()

OUTPUT
RESULT:
wwThus the program to simulate bouncing ball using pygameis executed and the output is
w
obtained.
.Ea
syE
ngi
nee
rin
g.n
et

12.B. SIMULATE CAR RACE USING PYGAME

AIM:
To write a python program to simulate car race using pygame.
PROGRAM/SOURCE CODE :
import random
from time import sleep
import pygame
class CarRacing:
def __init__(self):
ww pygame.init()
wself.display_width = 800
.Ea
self.display_height = 600
self.black = (0, 0, 0)
syE
self.white = (255, 255, 255)
self.clock = pygame.time.Clock() ngi

self.gameDisplay = None nee
self.initialize()
rin
def initialize(self):
g.n
self.crashed = False
self.carImg = pygame.image.load('.\\img\\car.png')
et
self.car_x_coordinate = (self.display_width * 0.45)
self.car_y_coordinate = (self.display_height * 0.8)
self.car_width = 49
# enemy_car
self.enemy_car = pygame.image.load('.\\img\\enemy_car_1.png')
self.enemy_car_startx = random.randrange(310, 450)
self.enemy_car_starty = -600
self.enemy_car_speed = 5

self.enemy_car_width = 49
self.enemy_car_height = 100
# Background
self.bgImg = pygame.image.load(".\\img\\back_ground.jpg")
self.bg_x1 = (self.display_width / 2) - (360 / 2)
self.bg_x2 = (self.display_width / 2) - (360 / 2)
self.bg_y1 = 0
self.bg_y2 = -600
self.bg_speed = 3
wwself.count = 0
w .Ea
def car(self, car_x_coordinate, car_y_coordinate):
syE
self.gameDisplay.blit(self.carImg, (car_x_coordinate, car_y_coordinate))
def racing_window(self):
ngi
self.gameDisplay = pygame.display.set_mode((self.display_width, self.display_height))
pygame.display.set_caption('Car Dodge')
nee
self.run_car()
rin
def run_car(self):
while not self.crashed: g.n

if event.type == pygame.QUIT:
et
self.crashed = True
# print(event)
if (event.type == pygame.KEYDOWN):
if (event.key == pygame.K_LEFT):
self.car_x_coordinate -= 50
print ("CAR X COORDINATES: %s" % self.car_x_coordinate)
if (event.key == pygame.K_RIGHT):
self.car_x_coordinate += 50
print ("CAR X COORDINATES: %s" % self.car_x_coordinate)
print ("x: {x}, y: {y}".format(x=self.car_x_coordinate, y=self.car_y_coordinate))
self.gameDisplay.fill(self.black)
self.back_ground_raod()
self.run_enemy_car(self.enemy_car_startx, self.enemy_car_starty)
self.enemy_car_starty += self.enemy_car_speed
if self.enemy_car_starty > self.display_height:
self.enemy_car_starty = 0 - self.enemy_car_height
self.enemy_car_startx = random.randrange(310, 450)
ww self.car(self.car_x_coordinate, self.car_y_coordinate)
self.highscore(self.count)
w .Ea
self.count += 1
syE
if (self.count % 100 == 0):
self.enemy_car_speed += 1
self.bg_speed += 1
ngi
nee
if self.car_y_coordinate < self.enemy_car_starty + self.enemy_car_height:
rin
if self.car_x_coordinate > self.enemy_car_startx and self.car_x_coordinate <
self.enemy_car_startx + self.enemy_car_width or self.car_x_coordinate + self.car_width >
g.n
self.enemy_car_startx and self.car_x_coordinate + self.car_width < self.enemy_car_startx +
self.enemy_car_width:
self.crashed = True
self.display_message("Game Over !!!")

et
if self.car_x_coordinate < 310 or self.car_x_coordinate > 460:
self.crashed = True
self.display_message("Game Over !!!")
pygame.display.update()
self.clock.tick(60)
def display_message(self, msg):
font = pygame.font.SysFont("comicsansms", 72, True)
text = font.render(msg, True, (255, 255, 255))

self.gameDisplay.blit(text, (400 - text.get_width() // 2, 240 - text.get_height() // 2))
self.display_credit()
pygame.display.update()
self.clock.tick(60)
sleep(1)
car_racing.initialize()
car_racing.racing_window()
def back_ground_raod(self):
self.gameDisplay.blit(self.bgImg, (self.bg_x1, self.bg_y1))
ww self.gameDisplay.blit(self.bgImg, (self.bg_x2, self.bg_y2))
self.bg_y1 += self.bg_speed
w .Ea
self.bg_y2 += self.bg_speed
syE
if self.bg_y1 >= self.display_height:
self.bg_y1 = -600
if self.bg_y2 >= self.display_height:

ngi
self.bg_y2 = -600
nee
def run_enemy_car(self, thingx, thingy):
rin
self.gameDisplay.blit(self.enemy_car, (thingx, thingy))
def highscore(self, count): g.n

font = pygame.font.SysFont("arial", 20)
text = font.render("Score : " + str(count), True, self.white)

et
self.gameDisplay.blit(text, (0, 0))
def display_credit(self):
font = pygame.font.SysFont("lucidaconsole", 14)
text = font.render("Thanks for playing!", True, self.white)
self.gameDisplay.blit(text, (600, 520))
if __name__ == '__main__':
car_racing = CarRacing()
car_racing.racing_window()
OUTPUT
ww
w .Ea
syE
ngi
RESULT: nee
rin
g.n
et

ww
w.E
asy
E ngi
nee
rin
g.n
et
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1.A. ELECTRICITY BILL

elif (units<=300) then

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1.B. RETAIL SHOP BILLING

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ww Step 5: calculate sum=sum+sign*p/fact

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1.D. WEIGHT OF BIKE

Weight of bike 240.0 .Ea

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1.E.WEIGHT OF STEEL BAR

print (“Weight of steel bar”, W)

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1.F. COMPUTE ELECTRICAL CURRENT IN THREE PHASE AC CIRCUIT

The line current in A is 9.24

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2.A. CIRCULATE THE VALUES OF N VARIABLES

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2.B. EXCHANGE THE VALUES OF TWO VARIABLES

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2.C. DISTANCE BETWEEN TWO POINTS

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3.A. NUMBER SERIES

To write a python program to print series of numbers.

Step 1: Start the program.

Step 3: Iterate for loop with the user input number.

print("The List of Natural Numbers from 1", "to", n)

print (i, end = ' ') .Ea

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3.B. NUMBER PATTERN

To write a python program to print pattern of numbers.

Step 1: Start the program

ww for i in range(1, n+1):

w print(i, end=" ")

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To write a python program to print Pyramid pattern.

Step 1: Start the program

ww for i in range(0, n+1):

w print(*, end=" ")

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4.A. OPERATIONS OF LIST

Books available in library:

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4.B. OPERATIONS OF TUPLE

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5.A. OPERATIONS OF SETS

To write a python program to apply operations of set for programming language.

Step 1: Start the program.

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Set after Addition of Languages using Update:

Set after Removal of two Languages:

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5.B. OPERATIONS OF DICTIONARIES

To write a python program to apply operations of dictionary for components of automobile.

Step 1: Start the program.

Step 2 Creating a Dictionary for components of automobile with Integer Keys

Step 8:Stop the program. .Ea