SECTION 702.

Change in Use

No change shall be made in the character of occupancy or use of any building which would place
the building in a different division of the same group of occupancy or in a different group of occupancies,
unless such building is made to comply with the requirements of the Code for such division or group of
occupancy. The character of occupancy of existing buildings may be changed subject to the approval of
the Building Official and the building may be occupied for purposes set forth in other Groups: Provided
the new or proposed use is less hazardous, based on life and fire risk, than the existing use.

SECTION 703. Mixed Occupancy

1. General Requirements

When a building is of mixed occupancy or used for more than one occupancy , the whole building
shall be subject to the most restrictive requirement pertaining to any of the type of occupancy found
therein except in the following:

a. When a one-storey building houses more than one occupancy, each portion of the building shall
conform to the requirement of the particular occupancy housed therein and;

b. Where minor accessory uses do not occupy more than 10% of the area of any floor or a building,
nor more than 10% of the basic area permitted in the occupancy requirements, in which case, the
major use of the building shall determine the occupancy classification.

2. Forms of Occupancy Separation

Occupancy separations shall be vertical or horizontal or both, or when necessary, of such other forms
as may be required to afford a complete separation between the various occupancy divisions in the
building.

3. Types of Occupancy Separation

Occupancy separation shall be classified as “One-Hour Fire-Resistive”, “Two-Hour Fire-

Resistive”, “Three-Hour Fire-Resistive” and “Four-Hour Fire-Resistive.”

a. A “One-Hour Fire-Resistive Occupancy Separation” shall be of not less than one-hour fire-resistive
construction. All openings in such separation shall be protected by a fire-assembly having a one-hour fire-
resistive rating.

b. A “Two-Hour Fire-Resistive Occupancy Separation” shall be of not less than two-hour fire-resistive
construction. All openings in such separation shall be protected by a fire assembly having a two-hour fire-
resistive rating.

c. A “Three-Hour Fire-Resistive Occupancy Separation” shall be of not less than three-hour fire-resistive
construction. All openings in walls forming such separation shall be protected by a fire assembly having a
three-hour fire-resistive rating. The total width of all openings in any three-hour fire-resistive occupancy
separation wall in any one-storey shall not exceed 25% of the length of the wall in that storey and no single
opening shall have an area greater than 10.00 sq. meters. All openings in floors forming a “Three-Hour Fire-
Resistive Occupancy Separation” shall be protected by vertical enclosures extending above and below such
openings. The walls of such vertical enclosures shall be of not less than two-hour fire-resistive construction,
and all openings therein shall be protected by a fire assembly having a three-hour fire-resistive rating.

d. A “Four-Hour Fire-Resistive Occupancy Separation” shall have no openings therein and shall
be of not less than four-hour fire-resistive construction.

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4. Fire Rating for Occupancy Separation

Occupancy Separations shall be provided between groups, subgroupings, or divisions of occupancies.

The Secretary shall promulgate rules and regulations for appropriate occupancy separations in
buildings of mixed occupancy; Provided, that, where any occupancy separation is required, the
minimum shall be a “One-Hour Fire-Resistive Occupancy Separation”; and where the occupancy
separation is horizontal, structural members supporting the separation shall be protected by an
equivalent fire-resistive construction.

SECTION 704. Location on Property

1. General

a. No building shall be constructed unless it adjoins or has direct access to a public space, yard
or street on at least one of its sides.

b. For the purpose of this Section, the centerline of an adjoining street or alley shall be considered an
adjacent property line.

c. Eaves over required windows shall not be less than 750 millimeters from the side and rear property
lines.

2. Fire Resistance of Walls

Exterior walls shall have fire resistance and opening protection in accordance with the requirements set
forth by the Secretary. Projections beyond the exterior wall shall not exceed beyond a point one-third
the distance from an assumed vertical plane located where the fire-resistive protection of openings is
first required to the location on property whichever is the least restrictive. Distance shall be measured
at right angles from the property line. When openings in exterior walls are required to be protected due
to distance from property line, the sum of the areas of such openings in any storey shall not exceed
50% of the total area of the wall in that storey.

3. Buildings on Same Property and Buildings Containing Courts

For the purpose of determining the required wall and opening protection, buildings on the same
property and court walls shall be assumed to have a property line between them. When a new building
is to be erected on the same property with an existing building, the assumed property line from the
existing building shall be the distance to the property line for each occupancy as set forth by the
Secretary; Provided, that two or more buildings on the same property may be considered as one
building if the aggregate area of such building is within the limits of allowable floor areas for a single
building, and when the buildings so considered, house different occupancies or are of different types of
construction, the area shall be that allowed for the most restrictive occupancy or construction.

4. Building Footprint and Firewall Requirements

a. The following rules shall be observed in the determination of the Allowable Maximum Building
Footprint (AMBF) for buildings and related habitable structures. If the stated rules are compared
with (1) Rule VIII Table VIII.1.- Reference Table on Percentage of Site Occupancy and Maximum
Allowable Construction Area (MACA); (2) Rule VIII Tables VIII.2. and VIII.3. (setbacks, yards and
courts); or (3) with the applicable stipulations under this Rule and with the applicable stipulations of
the Fire Code, the more stringent but applicable regulation out of the aforementioned rules
should be observed;

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 b. If without a firewall, the footprint of a proposed building/structure shall be measured horizontally
from the property line to the outermost faces of the exterior walls of the building/structure; Provided,
that the distance measured from the property line shall conform with the applicable stipulations of
this Rule and Rule VIII; The resultant area established at grade level upon which the proposed
building/structure may stand shall be the AMBF;

c. Footprint Based on Firewall Provisions

i. If with a firewall on one (1) side, the footprint of a proposed building/structure shall be
measured horizontally from the property line with a firewall to the outermost faces of the
opposite exterior walls of the building/structure; Provided, that the applicable stipulations of
the Fire Code are strictly followed;

ii. If with a firewall on two (2) sides or on one (1) side and the rear property line, the
footprint of a proposed building/structure shall be measured horizontally from the opposing
property lines in case of a firewall on two (2) sides or from the rear property line with a
firewall to the outermost faces of the opposite exterior walls of the building/structure;
provided, that the applicable stipulations of the Fire Code are strictly followed;

iii. Absolutely no firewalls are allowed for a low density residential (R-1) uses or
occupancies; an abutment of up to 3.20 meters from established grade level may however
be permitted but solely for the purpose of supporting a carport roof; provided further that such
abutment shall be constructed of perforated or decorative concrete blocks above 1.50 meters
measured vertically from the established grade level; such an abutment shall not be longer
than 7.00 meters or 50% of the side property line in total length, whichever is shorter.

iv. For medium density residential (R-2) uses or occupancies, a firewall can be erected on a
maximum of 80% of the total length of a side property line; provided that only one (1)
side property line is used for a firewall in the case of a R-2 structure; and provided further that
the applicable stipulations of the Fire Code are strictly followed;

v. For high-density residential (R-3) uses or occupancies, two (2) types of firewall
construction may be permitted:

(a) For a R-3 use or occupancy with a firewall on two (2) sides, a firewall can be
erected on a maximum of 85% of the total length of each side property line;
provided that all firewall construction shall not exceed 65% of the total perimeter of
the R-3 property, i.e., total length of all property lines; provided that firewalls in R-3 lots
shall only be allowed for a maximum two (2) storey component structure; and provided
further that all the applicable stipulations of the Fire Code are strictly followed; and

(b) For a R-3 use or occupancy with a firewall on one (1) side property line and at
the rear property line, a firewall can be erected on a maximum of 90% of the total
length of the side and rear property lines and up to 100% in case the rear property
line is only 4.00 meters wide; provided that all firewall construction at the side property
lines shall not exceed 50% of the total perimeter of the R-3 property, i.e., total length
of all property lines; provided that firewalls in R-3 lots shall only be allowed for a
maximum two (2) storey structure but not at the rear property line where the maximum
allowed firewall height shall only be 3.20 meters measured vertically from established
grade; and provided further that all the applicable stipulations of the Fire Code are
strictly followed.

The 2004 Revised IRR of P.D. No. 1096 (as published by the DPWH on 01, 08 & 15 April 2005) page 80 of 255
 vi. For townhouse residential (R-4) uses or occupancies, firewalls on the two (2) sides of
each townhouse unit may be permitted; the R-4 firewall can be erected on a maximum
of 85% of the total length of each side property line; provided that all firewall construction
shall not exceed 50% of the total perimeter of each R-4 property, i.e., total length of all
property lines; provided that firewalls in each R-4 use or occupancy shall be allowed for a
maximum three (3) storey structure; and provided further that all the applicable stipulations of
the Fire Code are strictly followed;

vii. For residential condominium (R-5) uses or occupancies, two (2) types of firewall
construction may be permitted:

(a) For a R-5 use or occupancy with a firewall on two (2) sides, a firewall can be
erected on a maximum of 75% of the total length of each side property line;
provided that all firewall construction at the side property lines shall not exceed 50% of
the total perimeter of the R-5 property, i.e., total length of all property lines; provided that
side firewalls in R-5 uses or occupancies shall only be allowed for a maximum eight (8)
storey component structure, i.e., the podium; and provided further that all the applicable
stipulations of the Fire Code are strictly followed; and

(b) For a R-5 use or occupancy with a firewall on one (1) side and at the rear property
line, a firewall can be erected on a maximum of 65% of the total length of the side
property line and on a maximum of 50% of the total length of the rear property line;
provided that all firewall construction shall not exceed 60% of the total perimeter of the
R-5 property, i.e., total length of all property lines; provided that the side firewalls in R-5
uses or occupancies shall only be allowed for a maximum eight (8) storey component
structure and that at the rear property line, the maximum allowed firewall height shall only
be 14.00 meters measured vertically from established grade; and provided further that all
the applicable stipulations of the Fire Code are strictly followed.

viii. All existing openings on all firewalls shall be sealed completely to maintain the fire
integrity of adjoining buildings/structures.

ix. The provision of a fully functional sprinkler system and the installation of other fire-
retardant or fire suppression devices in the case of commercial, institutional and industrial
buildings/structures may allow firewall construction for up to 70% of the total perimeter
of the property lines provided that the prescribed setbacks, yards and courts fronting
the Road Right-Of-Way (RROW) are first fully complied with; and provided further that all
the applicable stipulations of the Fire Code, particularly on the number, type and locations of
fire exits are strictly followed.

SECTION 705. Allowable Floor Areas

1. General. The Allowable Maximum Total Gross Floor Area (TGFA) of any proposed building/structure
shall only be as allowed under this Rule.

2. TGFA Limitation. In Table VII.1. hereafter, the percentages (%) indicated in the third (3rd) through
eighth (8th) columns, but excluding the multiplier numbers 3, 5, 12, 18, and 30 (which represent the
number of storeys/floors), are the percentages of the Total Lot Area (TLA) that may be used to
initially determine the Allowable Maximum TGFA for a proposed building/structure.

The 2004 Revised IRR of P.D. No. 1096 (as published by the DPWH on 01, 08 & 15 April 2005) page 81 of 255
3. Crosscheck of TGFA with Allowable Maximum Volume Building (AMVB). The Allowable
Maximum TGFA once established must be thoroughly crosschecked with the AMVB to find out if the
AMVB is not exceeded. If exceeded, the necessary adjustments on the Maximum Allowable TGFA
must be made since the AMVB must always prevail.

Table VII.1. Allowable Maximum Total Gross Floor Area (TGFA) Based on the Allowed Percentage
of Site Occupancy (PSO) of the Total Lot Area (TLA)

Allowable Maximum
Total Gross Floor Area (TGFA)*
by Type/ Location of Lot
Character of Type of
*Note: Building Height Limit (BHL) multiplied by the Allowable Maximum
Use/Occupancy Building/
Building Footprint (AMBF) expressed as a percentage (%) of the Total Lot
Structure
Area or TLA (with or without firewall). Figure subject to reduction to comply
with the floor area component of the Allowable Maximum Volume of Building
(AMVB). Refer to Table VII.1. to arrive at the percentage (%) of TLA.
Interior Inside Corner Through Corner- Corner Lot
(or Rear) (or Lot Lot Through Abutting 3
Lot and Regular) Lot or More
End Lot Lot (see Fig. (see Fig. (see Fig. Streets, etc.
(see Fig. (see Fig. VIII.10. of VIII.11. of VIII.12. of Rivers, Etc.
VIII.8. and VIII.9. of Rule VIII) Rule VIII) Rule VIII)
(see Fig.
VIII.5.14. Rule VIII) VIII.13. of
of Rule VIII) Rule VIII)
Residential
GROUP A-l Residential 1 3 x 60% 3 x50% 3 x70% of 3 x70% 3 x70% of 3 x70% of
(without firewalls) (R-1) of TLA of TLA TLA of TLA TLA TLA

Basic 3 x 70% 3 x 60% 3 x 70% 3 x 70% 3 x 70% 3 x 70%

Residential 2
R2 (R-2)
Maximum 5 x 70% 5 x 60% 5 x 70% 5 x 70% 5 x 70% 5 x 70%
Residential 2
(R-2)
Basic 3 x 70% 3 x 70% 3 x 70% 3 x 70% 3 x70% 3 x70%
Residential 3
(R-3)
R3 Maximum 12x80% 12x80% 12x80% 12x80% 12x80% 12x80%
Residential 3
(R-3)
Residential 4 3 x 80% 3 x 80% 3 x 80% 3 x 80% 3 x 80% 3 x 80%
(R-4) /Individual
Town-house
Lots/Units

Residential 5 18x80% 18x80% 18x80% 18x80% 18x80% 18x80%

(R-5)
Condominiums

The 2004 Revised IRR of P.D. No. 1096 (as published by the DPWH on 01, 08 & 15 April 2005) page 82 of 255
 Allowable Maximum
Total Gross Floor Area (TGFA)*
by Type/ Location of Lot
Character of Type of
*Note: Building Height Limit (BHL) multiplied by the Allowable Maximum
Use/Occupancy Building/
Building Footprint (AMBF) expressed as a percentage (%) of the Total Lot
Structure
Area or TLA (with or without firewall). Figure subject to reduction to comply
with the floor area component of the Allowable Maximum Volume of Building
(AMVB). Refer to Table VII.1. to arrive at the percentage (%) of TLA.
Not
Residential 1 applicable NA NA NA NA NA
(R-1) (NA)
Basic 3 x 75% 3 x 70% 3 x 75% 3 x 75% 3 x 75% 3 x 75%
Residential 2
(R-2)
Maximum 5 x 75% 5 x 70% 5 x 75% 5 x 75% 5 x 75% 5 x 75%
Residential 2
(R-2)
Residential Basic 3 x 80% 3 x 80% 3 x 80% 3 x 80% 3 x 80% 3 x 80%
GROUP A-l Residential 3
(R-3)
(with firewalls)
Maximum 12x80% 12x80% 12x80% 12x80% 12x80% 12x80%
Residential 3
(R-3)
Residential 4 3 x 80% 3 x 80% 3 x 80% 3 x 80% 3 x 80% 3 x 80%
(R-4) /Individual
Town-house
Lots/Units
Residential 5 18x80% 18x80% 18x80% 18x80% 18x80% 18x80%
(R-5)/
Condominiums

Commercial Commercial 1 5 x 80% 5 x 75% 5 x 80% 5 x 80% 5 x 90% 5 x 90%

GROUPS B, C, (Com-1)
E, H, I
Commercial 2 12x80% 12x75% 12x80% 12x80% 12x90% 12x90%
(Com-2)

Commercial 3 30 x 80% 30x75% 30x80% 30x80% 30x90% 30x90%

(Com-3)
Commercial 1
(Com-1) with 5 x 85% 5 x 85% 5 x 90% 5 x 90% 5 x 95% 5 x 95%
Sprinkler Sys. &
Firewalls
Commercial 2
(Com-2) with 12x85% 12x85% 12x90% 12x90% 12x95% 12x95%
Sprinkler Sys. &
Firewalls
Commercial 3
(Com-3) with 30x85% 30x85% 30x90% 30x90% 30x95% 30x95%
Sprinkler Sys. &
Firewalls

The 2004 Revised IRR of P.D. No. 1096 (as published by the DPWH on 01, 08 & 15 April 2005) page 83 of 255
 Allowable Maximum
Total Gross Floor Area (TGFA)*
by Type/ Location of Lot
Character of *Note: Building Height Limit (BHL) multiplied by the Allowable Maximum Building
Type of Footprint (AMBF) expressed as a percentage (%) of the Total Lot Area or TLA (with
Use/
Building/ or without firewall). Figure subject to reduction to comply with the floor area
Occupancy
Structure component of the Allowable Maximum Volume of Building (AMVB). Refer to Table
VII.1. to arrive at the percentage (%) of TLA.
Industrial 1 Duly- BHL x BHL x BHL x BHL x BHL x
Industrial (Ind-1) approved 75% 80% 80% 90% 90%
GROUPS F, G BHL x80% of TLA of TLA of TLA of TLA of TLA
of TLA
Industrial 2 BHL BHL BHL BHL BHL BHL
(Ind-2) x 80% x 75% x 80% x 80% x 90% X 90%
Industrial 3 BHL BHL BHL BHL BHL BHL
(Ind-3) x 80% x 75% x 80% x 80% x 90% x 90%
Industrial 1
(Ind-1) with BHL BHL BHL BHL BHL BHL
Sprinkler Sys. & x x x x x x
Firewalls 85% 85% 90% 90% 95% 95%
Industrial 2
(Ind-2) with BHL BHL BHL BHL BHL BHL
Sprinkler Sys. & x x x x x x
Firewalls 85% 85% 90% 90% 95% 95%
Industrial 3
(Ind-3) with BHL BHL BHL x BHL x BHL x BHL x
Sprinkler Sys. & x 85% X 85% 90% 90% 95% 95%
Firewalls

Without BHL x BHL x BHL x BHL x BHL x BHL x

Institutional Sprinkler Sys. & 50% 50% 60% 60% 60% 60%
GROUP D Firewalls of TLA of TLA of TLA of TLA of TLA of TLA
With Sprinkler BHL x BHL x BHL x BHL x BHL x BHL x
System & 60% 60% 70% 70% 70% 70%
Firewalls of TLA of TLA of TLA of TLA of TLA of TLA
Without BHL x BHL x BHL x BHL x BHL x BHL x
Cultural Sprinkler Sys. & 60% 60% 65% 65% 65% 65%
Firewalls of TLA of TLA of TLA of TLA of TLA of TLA
With Sprinkler BHL BHL BHL BHL BHL BHL
Sys. & Firewalls x 70% X 70% x 70% x 70% x 70% x 70%
Without BHL BHL BHL BHL BHL BHL
Transportation Sprinkler Sys. & x 50% x 50% x 60% x 60% x 60% x 60%
Firewalls of TLA Of TLA of TLA of TLA of TLA of TLA
With Sprinkler BHL BHL BHL BHL BHL BHL
Sys. & Firewalls x 60% x 60% x 70% x 70% x 70% x 70%

Note:
Maximum of sixty (60) storeys (180.00 meters) BHL for inland areas not close to airports.

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SECTION 706. Allowable Floor Area Increases

The floor areas hereinabove provided may be increased in certain specific instances and under
appropriate conditions, based on the existence of public space, streets or yards extending along and
adjoining two or more sides of the building or structure subject to the approval of the Building Official.
(Refer to Guidelines on Determining Gross Floor Area and Total Gross Floor Area of a Building/Structure
at the end of this Rule)

SECTION 707. Maximum Height of Buildings

1. The maximum height and number of storeys of proposed building shall be dependent upon the
character of use or occupancy and the type of construction, considering end-user population density,
light and ventilation, width of RROW/streets particularly of its roadway/carriageway component, building
bulk, off-street cum off-site parking requirements, etc. and in relation to local land use plan and zoning
regulations as well as other environmental considerations, e.g., geological, hydrological,
meteorological, topographical, prevailing traffic conditions, the availability and capacity of public
utility/service systems, etc. (Refer to Guidelines on Building Bulk at the end of this Rule)

2. Determination of Building Height:

a. BUILDING HEIGHT LIMIT (BHL) - the maximum height to be allowed for buildings/structures
based on their proposed use or occupancy; the BHL is generally determined after the application of
other development controls (DC) and certain other parameters, i.e., considerations of site
conditions, view, etc. (Table VII.2. of this Rule). The BHL shall be generally measured from the
established grade line to the topmost portion of the proposed building/structure. If applicable, the
BHL may be subject to clearance requirements of the Air Transportation Office (ATO) or of the
concerned military/security authorities. (Refer to Guidelines on Development Controls at the end
this Rule)

BHL excludes the height of permitted/allowed projections above the roof of the building/structure,
e.g., signage, mast, antenna, telecom tower, beacons and the like.

b. The Building Height Limit (BHL) of any proposed building/structure shall only be as allowed
under this Rule (as shown in table below) or under the duly approved city/municipal (local)
zoning ordinance, whichever is more restrictive.

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Table VII.2. Building Height Limit (BHL) by Type of Use or Occupancy

Building Height Limit (BHL)

Character of Use or Type of Building/ Number of allowable
Meters above highest
Occupancy Structure storeys/floors above
grade
established grade
1. Residential
Residential 1 (R-1) 3 10.00

Residential 2 (R-2)
a. Basic 3 10.00
b. Maximum 5 15.00
Residential 3 (R-3)
a. Basic 3 10.00
b. Maximum 12 36.00
Residential 4
(R-4)
3 10.00
Townhouses
(Individual lots/ units)
Residential 5
(R-5) 12 - 18 36.00 - 54.00
Condominiums
2. Commercial Commercial 1
(C-1) 3-5 10.00 -15.00
Commercial 2
6 18.00
(C-2)
Commercial 3
16 - 60 48.00 -180.00
(C-3)
3. Industrial 15.00 meters but not exceed the duly-approved BHL
Industrial 1 (I-1) in the major zone it is part of

21.00 meters but not exceed the duly-approved BHL

Industrial 2 (I-2) in the major zone it is part of

27.00 meters but not exceed the duly-approved BHL

Industrial 3 (I-3) in the major zone it is part of)

4. Institutional 15.00 meters (or must follow the duly-approved BHL

- in the major zone it is part of)

5. Cultural 30.00 meters (or must follow the duly-approved BHL

- in the major zone it is part of)

6.Utility/Transportation/ 15.00 meters (or must complement the duly-

-
RROW/ Services approved BHL in the major zone it is part of)
7. Parks and Open 15.00 meters (or must complement the duly-
Recreational and - approved BHL in the major zone it is part of)
Entertainment Spaces
8. Agricultural 15.00 meters (or must complement the duly-
Agro-Industrial/Tourism - approved BHL in the major zone it is part of)

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 Character of Use or Type of Building/ Building Height Limit (BHL)
Occupancy Structure
Number of allowable Meters above
storey or floors above highest grade
established grade

9. Planned Unit PUD at a reclamation area 10.00 - 45.00

Development close to an operating 3 - 15 (with ATO-prescribed BHL
(PUD) airport as needed)

PUD
3 - 30 10.00 – 30.00
at a reclamation area
PUD 48.00 – 135.00
16 - 45
at a coastal area
PUD at an inland area
10.00 - 75.00 (with ATO-
close to an operating 3 - 25
prescribed BHL as needed)
airport
PUD
12 - 60 36.00 – 180.00
at an inland area

Notes:

a. Establishing Grade

- In case of sloping grade where the edges of the building footprint (AMBF) running perpendicular to the
RROW has a difference in elevation of less than 3.00 meters, the highest adjoining natural grade
(ground surface) or finished grade (sidewalk surface) shall be considered the established grade
elevation (Figure VII.1.);

- In case of sloping grade where the edges of the building footprint (AMBF) running perpendicular to
the RROW has a difference in elevation of more than 3.00 meters, the average grade level of the
building footprint (AMBF) shall be considered the established grade elevation (see Figure VII.3.);
and

- The building/structure height shall be measured from the highest adjoining public sidewalk (finished
grade) or ground surface (natural grade); Provided, that the height measured from the lowest
adjoining surface shall not exceed such maximum height by more than 3.00 meters; Except, that
towers, spires and steeples, erected as parts of the building and not used for habitation or storage
are limited as to the height only by structural design, if completely of incombustible materials, or may
extend but not exceed 6.00 meters above the prescribed building height limit (BHL) for each
occupancy group, if of combustible materials (.).

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 h= 3.00 m. maximum

Figure VII.1. Figure VII.2.

h=>3.00 m. maximum

Figure VII.3.

HEIGHT OF BUILDING / STRUCTURE

Annotation. The height of buildings should also be generally proportional to its base/footprint. In practice,
a smaller footprint cum taller profile for a building is resorted to in order to preserve as much of the open
space within a lot (or surrounding the building) as much as possible.

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3. Other Considerations in Height Determination

a. In any given locality, the height of proposed buildings/structures shall be governed by the following
factors:

i. The designer/space planner must consider both the present and projected population
density within the project site and in the project’s location/area at full completion/operation of
the project;

ii. For a given volume of building/structure (the building bulk), that which has a lesser
Percentage of Site Occupancy (PSO) or area of ground coverage Allowable Maximum
Building Footprint (AMBF) or Maximum Allowable Construction Area (MACA) may be built
higher than that with a greater PSO, AMBF or MACA;

iii. A proposed building/structure which has a greater TGFA requirement shall be built higher
than that with a lower TGFA requirement;

iv. A proposed building/structure on a lot with a higher FLAR designation/rights may be built
higher than that on a lot with a lower FLAR designation/rights; and

v. Lots that face a wider RROW and therefore with more RROW features/elements may become
the site of a taller building/structure as compared to a lot facing a narrow RROW.

b. The height of proposed buildings/structures shall also be governed by the following RROW-based
limitations:

i. If only one (1) RROW services a lot and such is only 6.00 to 7.00 meters wide, a BHL of
three (3) storeys (or 9.00 meters maximum) shall be observed regardless of use or
occupancy, lot size, lot dimensions, lot frontage and like considerations.

ii. If only one (1) RROW services a lot and such is only 4.00 to 5.00 meters wide, a BHL
equivalent to 2 ½ storeys (or 7.50 meters maximum) shall be observed regardless of use
or occupancy, lot size, lot dimensions, lot frontage and like considerations. If only one
(1) RROW services a lot and such is only 3.00 meters wide or less, a BHL equivalent to
two (2) storeys (or 6.00 meters maximum) shall be observed regardless of use or
occupancy, lot size, lot dimensions, lot frontage and like considerations.

iii. Taller buildings are allowed for duly approved high-density developments such as Planned
Unit Development (PUD) areas. Taller and bulkier buildings are better suited in such areas
due to higher end-user targets, more advanced and coordinated planning efforts and the
application of more stringent development controls (DC) by the project proponents themselves.

c. The following factors shall also be considered in the determination of the building height:

i. Soil characteristics, lot location in relation to fault lines and earthquake belts or proximity to
volcanoes and other geological conditions.

ii. Hydrological conditions such as the water table at the site and distance to waterways and
shorelines.

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 iii. Meteorological conditions such as the frequency and intensity of destructive
typhoons/monsoon winds/rains, prevailing wind speed and direction, relative humidity,
amount of precipitation and the prevailing ambient conditions.

iv. Effect/s of environmental conditions on the building/structure and vice versa coupled with the
effective control of air, noise and thermal pollution, radiant heat, lights and shadows, etc.,
and the optimization of natural light and ventilation.

v. Effect/s of traffic conditions on the building/structure and vice versa and the satisfaction of
parking/loading requirements in accordance with this Rule.

vi. Availability and capacity of public utility/service system considering the availability and
adequacy of electric power, potable and non-potable water supply, drainage and sewerage,
transportation and communications facilities, solid waste management system, etc.

vii. Need for applicable building safety and maintenance systems, e.g., lightning arresters,
beacons, protective railings and barriers, gondolas, window washing systems, etc.

d. In accordance with the Standards and Recommended Practices (SARP’s) of the International Civil
Aviation Organization (ICAO) where the Philippines is a member state, and Administrative Order
No. 5 (Civil Air Regulation) of the Air Transportation Office (ATO), the following rules and
regulations shall govern the construction of buildings/structures within the 24-kilometer radius of
aerodromes where turbo-jet aircraft operate and within the 10-kilometer radius of aerodromes
where no turbo-jet aircraft operate. (Figs. VII.4. through VII.6.)

i. The height of buildings/structures within this area shall be limited by an imaginary line with
slope of 2% (1:50) for aerodromes where turbo-jet aircraft operates, and 2.5% (1:40) for
aerodromes where no turbo-jet aircraft operates from the inner edge reckoned from the
surface of the runway. The dimensions of the isosceles trapezoidal are as shown on Table
VII.3.below:

Table VII.3. Dimensions of Isosceles Trapezoid

Inner Edge Distance

Long Base
Type of Aerodrome (Start Base) Between Bases
(meters)
(meters) (meters)
Aerodromes where 300 4,800 15,000
turbo-jet aircraft
operates 150 4,650 15,000
Aerodromes where 150 2,150 10,000
no turbo-jet aircraft
operates 100 2,100 10,000

ii. A height clearance permit shall be first secured from the Air Transportation Office (ATO)
before a building permit may be issued for the construction of buildings/structures located:

(a) Within 4.00 kilometer radius of the runway ends of an aerodrome regardless of
height;

(b) From 4.00 kilometer to 24.00 kilometer radius of the runway ends of an aerodrome
where turbo-jet aircraft operate and exceeding 45.00 meters in height above the
elevation of the runway; and

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 (c) From 4.00 kilometer to 10.00 kilometer radius of the runway ends of an aerodrome
where no turbo-jet aircraft operate and exceeding 45.00 meters in height above the
elevation of the runway.

APPROACH / DEPARTURE SURFACE

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 Annotation: Isometric, plan and section adjustments may still be necessary for airports with parallel
runways and for runways with taxiways.

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The 2004 Revised IRR of P.D. No. 1096 (as published by the DPWH on 01, 08 & 15 April 2005) page 93 of 255
4. Parking Slot, Parking Area and Loading/Unloading Space Requirements

a. The parking slot, parking area and loading/unloading space requirements listed hereafter are
generally the minimum off-street cum on-site requirements for specific uses/occupancies for
buildings/structures, i.e., all to be located outside of the road right-of-way (RROW).

b. The size of an average automobile (car) parking slot must be computed at 2.50 meters by 5.00
meters for perpendicular or diagonal parking and at 2.15 meters by 6.00 meters for parallel
parking. A standard truck or bus parking/loading slot must be computed at a minimum of 3.60
meters by 12.00 meters. An articulated truck slot must be computed at a minimum of 3.60 meters
by 18.00 meters which should be sufficient to accommodate a 12.00 meters container van or bulk
carrier and a long/hooded prime mover. A jeepney or shuttle parking/loading/unloading slot must
be computed at a minimum of 3.00 meters by 9.00 meters. The parking slots shall be drawn to
scale and the total number of which shall be indicated on the plans and specified whether or not
parking accommodations are attendant-managed.

c. The parking space ratings listed below are minimum off-street/off-RROW cum on-site requirements
for specific uses/occupancies for buildings/structures, i.e., all to be located outside of the road right-
of-way (RROW):

Table VII.4. Minimum Required Off-Street (Off-RROW) cum On-Site Parking Slot, Parking Area
and Loading/Unloading Space Requirements by Allowed Use or Occupancy

Specific Uses or of Reference Uses or Character of Minimum Required Parking Slot,

Occupancy (refer to Occupancies Parking Area and Loading Space
Section 701 of this Rule) or Type of Buildings/Structures Requirements
1. GROUP A
Single family and multi-family dwelling Units with a lot measuring 32.00 to
1.1. Division A-1 units [whether single-detached (R-1), 72.00 sq. meters and/or with a
single-attached or duplex (R-2) or dwelling unit having a gross floor
row-house (R-3)], each privately area of from 18.00 to 22.00 sq.
owned or lots with dwelling units meters - a minimum of one (1) pooled
located in residential subdivisions/ off-street cum on-site parking slot* for
developments regardless of number of every six (6) lots or lots with dwelling
hectares/dwelling units units;

Units with a lot measuring 50.00 to

96.00 sq. meters and/or with a
dwelling unit having a gross floor
area of from 30.00 to 42.00 sq.
meters - a minimum of one (1) pooled
off-street cum on-site parking slot* for
every four (4) lots or lots with
dwelling units;

Note:
* The parking slot requirements shall be an integral part of buildings/structures
and any parking slot provided outside the building/structure will be quantified
only as buffer parking.

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 Specific Uses or of Reference Uses or Character of Minimum Required Parking Slot,
Occupancy (refer to Occupancies Parking Area and Loading Space
Section 701 of this Rule) or Type of Buildings/Structures Requirements
Unit with a lot measuring 100.00 to
120.00 sq. meters and/or with a
dwelling unit having a minimum
gross floor area of from 30.00 to
42.00 sq. meters - a minimum of one
(1) off-street cum on-site parking slot*
for each lot or lot with dwelling unit;
Unit with a lot measuring more than
120.00 sq. meters and/or with a
dwelling unit having a minimum
gross floor area of more than 42.00
sq. meters - minimum of one (1) off-
street cum on site parking slot* for
each lot or lot with dwelling unit;
Units located in town house (R-4) Units with a gross floor area of
buildings/structures regardless of 50.00 sq. meters – provide one (1)
number of storeys pooled parking slot*for every two (2)
units or fraction thereof, i.e., with
more than two (2) but not less than
four (4) units;

Unit with a gross floor area above

50.00 up to 150.00 sq. meters –
provide one (1) parking slot* for
each unit;

Unit with a gross floor area above

150.00 sq. meters – provide two (2)
parking slots* for each unit.

Indigenous family dwelling units; each At least one (1) car parking slot* for
privately owned every six (6) dwelling units and
which shall be provided outside of
the RROW (within property or lot lines
only)
Note:

* The parking slot requirements shall be an integral part of buildings/structures

and any parking slot provided outside the building/structure will be quantified
only as buffer parking.

**The following prohibitions on parking slots:

1. Conversion/change of use/occupancy.
2. Reduction of parking spaces.
3. Encroachment on RROW.
4. Public utility and bulky vehicles.

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 Reference Uses or Character
Specific Uses or of
of Occupancies Minimum Required Parking Slot, Parking
Occupancy (refer to
or Type of Area and Loading Space Requirements
Section 701 of this Rule)
Buildings/Structures
Units with a gross floor area of from 18.00
1.2. Division A-2 Multi-family dwelling units to 22.00 sq. meters - provide one (1)
located in residential pooled parking slot* for every eight (8) units
condominium (R-5) or for a fraction thereof, e.g., another slot*
buildings/structures shall be provided if there are more than eight
regardless of number of (8) units but less than sixteen (16) units, etc.;
storeys Units with a gross floor area up to 50.00 sq.
meters - provide one (1) pooled parking
slot* for every six (6) medium cost units or
for a fraction thereof, e.g., another slot* shall
be provided if there are more than six (6)
but less than twelve (12) medium cost
units, etc., or provide one (1) parking slot*
for each open market unit (as defined under
the revised IRR of PD 957);

Units with a gross floor area above 50.00

sq. meters up to 100.00 sq. meters -
provide one (1) pooled parking slot* for
every four (4) medium cost units, or
provide one (1) parking slot* for each
open market unit (as defined under the
revised IRR of PD 957); and

Units with a gross floor area of more than

100.00 sq. meters – one (1) parking slot*
for each unit.
2. GROUP B
One (1) car parking slot for every three (3)
2.1. Division B-1 Hotels rooms or a fraction thereof for highly
urbanized areas and one (1) car parking
slot for every seven (7) rooms or a fraction
thereof for all other areas; and two (2)
tourist bus parking slots for each hotel;
provide at least one (1) loading slot for
articulated truck or vehicle
A 12.00 meters long container van plus
4.00 meter length for the prime mover
and one (1) loading slot for a standard
truck for every 5,000.00 sq. meters of
gross floor area (GFA); and provide truck
maneuvering area outside of the RROW
(within property or lot lines only)
Note:
* The parking slot requirements shall be an integral part of
buildings/structures and any parking slot provided outside the
building/structure will be quantified only as buffer parking.

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 Reference Uses or Character
Specific Uses or of
of Occupancies Minimum Required Parking Slot, Parking
Occupancy (refer to
or Type of Area and Loading Space Requirements
Section 701 of this Rule)
Buildings/Structures

One (1) car slot for every five (5) units

Residential hotels and or a fraction thereof; and one (1) bus
Apartels parking slot for every sixty (60)
rooms/units or a fraction thereof

Motels One (1) car slot for every unit

Pension/boarding/lodging One (1) car slot for every twenty (20)

houses beds
3. GROUP C

3.1. Division C-1 Bowling alleys One (1) car slot for every four (4) alleys

3.2. Division C-2 Churches and similar places One (1) car slot and one (1)
of worship jeepney/shuttle slot for every 50.00 sq.
meters of congregation area

Public elementary, One (1) off-street cum on-site parking

secondary, slot for every ten (10) classrooms; and
vocational and trade school one (1) off-RROW (or off-street)
(GI) passenger loading space that can
accommodate two (2) queued
jeepney/shuttle slots
Private elementary,
secondary, One (1) car slot for every five (5)
vocational and trade school classrooms; one (1) off-RROW (or off-
(GI-General Institution) street) passenger loading space that
As stipulated on page 11 can accommodate two (2) queued
jeepney /shuttle slots; and one (1)
school bus slot for every one hundred
(100) students

Note:
* The parking slot requirements shall be an integral part of
buildings/structures and any parking slot provided outside the
building/structure will be quantified only as buffer parking.

** The following prohibitions on parking slots:

1. Conversion/change of use/occupancy.
2. Reduction of parking spaces.
3. Encroachment on RROW.
4. Public utility and bulky vehicles.

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 Reference Uses or
Specific Uses or of
Character of Occupancies Minimum Required Parking Slot, Parking Area
Occupancy (refer to
or Type of and Loading Space Requirements
Section 701 of this Rule)
Buildings/Structures
One (1) car slot for every five (5)
Public colleges and classrooms; one (1) off-RROW (or off-street)
universities passenger loading space that can
(GI) accommodate two (2) queued
jeepney/shuttle slots; and one (1) school
bus slot for every two hundred (200)
3.2. Division C-2 students
( Continuation ) One (1) car slot for every three (3)
Private colleges and classrooms; one (1) off-RROW (or off-street)
universities passenger loading space that can
(GI) accommodate two (2) queued
jeepney/shuttle slots; and one (1) school
bus slot for every one hundred (100)
students
4. GROUP D
One (1) off-street cum on-site car parking slot
4.1. Division D-1 Mental hospitals, sanitaria for every twenty five (25) beds; and one (1)
and mental asylums and like off-RROW (or off-street) passenger loading
uses space that can accommodate two (2) queued
jeepney/shuttle slots
One (1) off-street cum on-site car parking slot
4.2. Division D-2 Public hospital for every twenty five (25) beds; and one (1)
off-RROW (or off-street) passenger loading
space that can accommodate two (2) queued
jeepney/shuttle slots; provide at least one
(1) loading slot for articulated truck or
vehicle (a 12.00 meter long container van
plus 6.00 meter length for a long/hooded
prime mover) and one (1) loading slot for a
standard truck for every 5,000.00 sq.
meters of gross floor area (GFA); and
provide truck maneuvering area outside of the
RROW (within property or lot lines only)
Note:
* The parking slot requirements shall be an integral part of
buildings/structures and any parking slot provided outside the
building/structure will be quantified only as buffer parking.

**The following prohibitions on parking slots:

1. Conversion/change of use/occupancy.
2. Reduction of parking spaces.
3. Encroachment on RROW.
4. Public utility and bulky vehicles.

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 Specific Uses or of Reference Uses or Minimum Required Parking Slot, Parking
Occupancy (refer to Character of Occupancies Area and Loading Space Requirements
Section 1.3 of this Rule) or Type of
Buildings/Structures
One (1) off-street cum on-site car
Private hospital parking slot for every twelve (12) beds;
and one (1) off-RROW (or off-street)
passenger loading space that can
accommodate two (2) queed
jeepney/shuttle slots; provide at least
one (12) loading slot for articulated
truck or vehicle (a 12.00 meters long
container van plus 6.00 meters length
for a long/hooded prime mover) and
one (1) loading slot for a standard truck
for every 5,000.00 sq. meters of GFA;
and provide truck maneuvering area
outside of the RROW (within property or
lot lines only)
One (1) off-street cum on-site car
4.3. Division D-3 Nursing homes for parking slot for every twelve (12) beds;
ambulatory patients, school and one (1) off-RROW (or off-street)
and home, for children over passenger loading space that can
kindergarten age, accommodate two (2) queued
orphanages and the like jeepney/shuttle slots

5. GROUP E
One (1) car slot for every 500.00 sq.
5.1. Division E-1 Terminals, Inter-modals or meters of gross floor area or for a
Multi-modals, Depots and fraction thereof; and one (1) off-RROW
the like (UTS) (or off-street) passenger loading space
that can accommodate two (2) queued
jeepney/shuttle slots or two (2) queued
bus slots whichever is applicable;
maneuvering area of buses, trucks and
like vehicles shall be outside of the
RROW (within property or lot lines only)

Note:

* The parking slot requirements shall be an integral part of

buildings/structures and any parking slot provided outside the
building/structure will be quantified only as buffer parking.

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 Specific Uses or of Reference Uses or Minimum Required Parking Slot, Parking
Occupancy (refer to Character of Occupancies Area and Loading Space Requirements
Section 1.3 of this Rule) or Type of
Buildings/Structures

Transit Stations and the Provide on each side of the RROW one (1)
like (UTS) off-RROW (or off-street) passenger loading
space that can accommodate four (4) queued
jeepney/shuttle slots or three (3) queued bus
slots whichever is applicable; in case of
elevated mass transit stations, on-roadway
terminals or on-RROW terminals on both
sides of the RROW may be considered

5.2. Division E-2 Neighborhood shopping One (1) car slot for every 100.00 sq. meters
center/supermarket of shopping floor area
(C-1)

One (1) customer (buyer) jeepney/shuttle

Public Markets parking slot for every 150.00 sq. meters of
(C) wet and dry market floor area and one (1)
vendor (seller) jeepney/shuttle parking slot or
loading space for every 300.00 sq. meters of
wet and dry market floor area; and one (1)
off-RROW (off-street) terminal that can
accommodate at least two (2) jeepneys and
six (6) tricycles for every 1,000.00 sq.
meters of wet and dry market floor area

Restaurants, fast-food One (1) car slot for every 30.00 sq. meters
centers, bars and of customer area
beerhouses
(C)

Nightclubs, super clubs and One (1) car slot for every 20 sq. meters of
theater-restaurants customer area: and two (2) tourist parking
(C) slots for tourist bus parking slots for each
theater-restaurant
Note:

* The parking slot requirements shall be an integral part of

buildings/structures and any parking slot provided outside the
building/structure will be quantified only as buffer parking.

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 Specific Uses or of Reference Uses or Minimum Required Parking Slot, Parking
Occupancy (refer to Character of Occupancies Area and Loading Space Requirements
Section 1.3 of this Rule) or Type of
Buildings/Structures
Nightclubs, super clubs and One (1) car slot for every 30.00 sq. meters
theater-restaurants of customer area
(C)

Units located in office, Units with a gross floor area of from 18.00
commercial or mixed-use to 40.00 sq. meters – provide one (1)
condominium buildings/ pooled parking slot* for every two (2) units
structures regardless of or for a fraction thereof;
number of storeys
Unit with a gross floor area of from 41.00 to
70.00 sq. meters – provide one (1) parking
slot* for each unit; and

Unit with a gross floor area of more than

70.00 sq. meters provide one (1) parking
slot* for every 70.00 sq. meters and for a
fraction thereof;

Columbarium One (1) car slot for every compartment niche

5.3. Division E-3 Aircraft hangars, open One (1) car slot for every 1,000.00 sq.
parking carports and meters of gross floor area and one (1) bus
garages, etc. slot for every one hundred (100) workers; if
number of workers exceed two hundred
(200), provide one (1) off-RROW (or off-
street) passenger loading space that can
accommodate two (2) queued jeepney/shuttle
slots
6. GROUP F
6.1. Division F-1 One (1) car slot for every 1,000.00 sq.
meters of gross floor area and one (1) bus
slot for every one hundred (100) workers;
if number of workers exceed two hundred
(200), provide one (1) off-RROW (or off-
street) passenger loading space that can
accommodate two (2) queued jeepney/shuttle
slots; provide at least one (1) loading slot for
truck or vehicle (a 12.00 meter long container
van plus 6.00 meters length for a
long/hooded prime mover) and one (1)
loading slot for a standard truck for every
5,000.00 sq. meters of GFA; and provide
truck maneuvering area outside of the RROW
(within property or lot lines only)

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 Reference Uses or
Specific Uses or of Character of Occupancies Minimum Required Parking Slot, Parking
Occupancy (refer to or Type of Area and Loading Space Requirements
Section 1.3 of this Rule) Buildings/Structures

7. GROUP G
One (1) car slot for every 1,000.00 sq.
7.1. Division G-1 Industrial buildings, factories, meters of gross floor area and one (1) bus
manufacturing slot for every one hundred (100) workers; if
establishments, mercantile number of workers exceed two hundred
buildings, warehouses, (200), provide one (1) off-RROW (or off-
storage bins, power and street) passenger loading space that can
water generation/distribution accommodate two (2) queued jeepney/
facilities shuttle slots; provide at least one (1) loading
slot for articulated truck or vehicle (a 12.00
meter long container van plus 6.00 meters
length for a long/ hooded prime mover) and
one (1) loading slot for a standard truck for
every 5,000.00 sq. meters of GFA; and
provide truck maneuvering area outside of
the RROW (within property or lot lines only)
7.2. Division G-2 -do- -do-

7.3. Division G-3 -do- -do-

7.4. Division G-4 -do- -do-

7.5. Division G-5 -do- -do-

Note:
* The parking slot requirements shall be an integral part of
buildings/structures and any parking slot provided outside the
building/structure will be quantified only as buffer parking.
** The following prohibitions on parking slots:
1. Conversion/change of use/occupancy.
2. Reduction of parking spaces.
3. Encroachment on RROW.
4. Public utility and bulky vehicles.

8. GROUP H
Public recreational One (1) car slot and one (1)
8.1. Division H-1 assembly buildings such as jeepney/shuttle slot for every 50.00 sq.
( See page 21 for description ) theaters /cinemas, auditoria, meters of spectator area; and one (1) bus
etc. parking slot for every two hundred (200)
spectators
Dance halls, cabarets,
8.2 Division H-2 ballrooms, skating rinks and
( See page 22 for description ) cockfighting arenas, etc. -do-

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 Dance halls, ballrooms,
8.3 Division H-3 skating rinks, etc.
-do-
( See page 22 for description )

Covered amusement parks, one (1) car slot for every 50.00 sq. meters of
8.4 Division H-4 amusement and gross floor area
( See page 22 for description ) entertainment complexes,
etc.
Clubhouses, beach houses one (1) slot for every 100.00 sq. meters of
and the like gross floor area
9. GROUP I
Recreational or similar public One (1) car slot and one (1) jeepney/shuttle
9.1. Division I-1 assembly buildings such as slot for every 50.00 sq. meters of spectator
stadia, sports complexes, area; and one (1) bus parking slot for every
convention centers, etc. two hundred (200) spectators.
10. GROUP J
Agriculture-related uses or Not required if located outside urbanized
10.1. Division J-1 occupancies (A) area; if located within urbanized area, provide
one (1) car slot for every 1,000.00 sq. meters
of gross floor area and one (1) bus slot for
every one hundred (100) workers; if number
of workers exceed two hundred (200),
provide one (1) off-RROW (or off-street)
passenger loading space that can
accommodate two (2) queued jeepney/shuttle
slots; provide at least one (1) loading slot for
articulated truck or vehicle (a 12.00 meter
long container van plus 6.00 meters length
for a long/hooded prime mover) and one (1)
loading slot for a standard truck for every
5,000.00 sq. meters of GFA; and provide
truck maneuvering area outside of the RROW
(within property or lot lines only)

10.2. Division J-2 Other uses not classified in Provide parking requirements stipulated for
previous sections most similar or most related
(PUD, etc.) uses/occupancies

d. In computing for parking slots, a fraction of 50% and above shall be considered as one (1) car
parking slot to be provided. In all cases however, a minimum of one (1) car parking slot shall be
provided unless otherwise allowed under this Rule.
i. Multi-floor parking garages may serve the 20% parking requirements of the
building/structure within 200.00 meter radius, provided at least 80% of the parking
requirements are complied with and integrated in the building design.

ii. Special Provision on the Handicapped: For buildings/structures to be provided with features
intended for the use or occupancy of the handicapped, the minimum provisions of Batas
Pambansa (BP) Bilang 344 and its Implementing Rules and Regulations (IRR) with
respect to parking shall be strictly observed.

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 e. Allowed Off-RROW/Off-Street cum Off-Site Parking Provision:

i. In addition to on-site cum off-RROW (off-street) parking provisions mandated under this Rule,
off-site cum off-street parking facilities may be allowed and considered part of a project
provided that such facilities specifically consist of reserved or leased parking slots within a
permanent parking building/structure and not in a vacant parking lot or parking
structure/space for a commercial development and provided further that such parking slots
are located no more than 100.00 meters away from a residential building project or are
located no more than 200.00 meters away from an office or commercial building project.

ii. Direct access of parking/loading/utility slots and terminals to the RROW shall be generally
disallowed to prevent the usage of the RROW as a maneuvering area.

iii. Traffic generating buildings such as shopping malls or similar facilities that have very high
volumes of pedestrian and vehicular traffic may be located at major intersections or within
100.00 meters of such intersections, provided that the distance between the street curb of
the ingress/egress of such a commercial lot/property (nearest the intersection) and the
straight curb of the intersection shall not be less than 50.00 meters. (Fig. VII.7

Fig.VII.7.
Annotation. For larger developments and traffic generating buildings as well as parking structures, a
minimum 100.00 m distance should be the standard to be considered

iv. For R-2, R-3, GI, C, C-2 and C-3 uses or occupancies, front yards abutting RROW are
not to be used for long-term off-street parking. Due to the very public nature of these
uses (high vehicular and pedestrian concentrations), the front yard (a transition space
between the RROW and the building/structure) shall be used exclusively for driveways, off-
RROW loading spaces, short-term off-RROW parking and landscaping (hardscape and
softscape) treatment. Temporary or short-term off-street parking, particularly on driveways,
shall preferably be only for visitors to these buildings/structures.

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 v. For Basic R-2 and Basic R-3 uses or occupancies (for single family dwelling units only), up
to 50% of the front yard abutting the RROW may be paved/hardscaped, i.e., converted into a
courtyard for carport use. Such use shall not be permitted in all other uses or occupancies.

SECTION 708. Minimum Requirements for Group A Dwellings

1. Dwelling Location and Lot Occupancy

The dwelling shall occupy not more than 90% of a corner lot and 80% of an inside lot, and subject to
the provisions on Easements of Light and View of the Civil Code of Philippines, shall be at least 2.00
meters from the property line.

2. Light and Ventilation

Every dwelling shall be so constructed and arranged as to provide adequate light and ventilation as
provided under Section 805 to Section 811 of the Code.

3. Sanitation
Every dwelling shall be provided with at least one sanitary toilet and adequate washing and drainage
facilities.

4. Foundation
Footings shall be of sufficient size and strength to support the load of the dwelling and shall be at least
250 millimeters thick and 600 millimeters below the surface of the ground.

5. Post
The dimensions of wooden posts shall be those found in Table VII.5.: Dimensions of Wooden Posts.
Each post shall be anchored to such footing by straps and bolts of adequate size.

Table VII.5.: Dimensions of Wooden Posts or Suportales

Maximum Maximum Maximum Required Maximum
Type Building Height of 1st Height Total Spacing of Post Finished Size of
Floor (meters) (meters) (meters) Suportales (millimeters)
1-Storey Shed - 4.00 3.50 100 X 100
1-Storey Shed - 3.00 4.00 100 X 100
1-Storey Shed - 5.00 4.00 125 X 125
1-Storey House or
1.00 - 3.00 5.50 3.60 125 X 125
Chalet
2-Storey House 3.00 6.00 3.00 125 X 125
2-Storey House 4.50 7.00 4.00 120 X 120
2-Storey House 5.00 8.00 4.50 175 X 175
2-Storey House - 9.00 4.50 200 X 200

Logs or tree trunk suportales may be used as post in indigenous traditional type of construction, provided that
these are of such sizes and spacing as to sustain vertical loading equivalent at least to the loading capacities of
the posts and spacing in this Table.

6. Floor

The live load of the first floor shall be at least 200 kilograms per sq. meter and for the second floor,
at least 150 kilograms per sq. meter.

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7. Roof

The wind load for roofs shall be at least 120 kilograms per sq. meter for vertical projection.

8. Stairs

Stairs shall be at least 750 millimeters in clear width, with a rise of 200 millimeters and a minimum
run of 200 millimeters.

9. Entrance and Exit

There shall be at least one entrance and another one for exit.

10. Electrical Requirements

All electrical installations shall conform to the requirements of the Philippine Electrical Code.

11. Mechanical Requirements

Mechanical systems and/or equipment installations shall be subject to the requirements of the
Philippine Mechanical Engineering Code.

SECTION 709. Requirements for Other Group Occupancies

Subject to the provisions of the Code, the Secretary shall promulgate rules and regulations for each of
the other Group Occupancies covering: allowable construction, height, and area; location on property, exit
facilities, light and ventilation, sanitation; enclosures of vertical openings; fire extinguishing systems; and
special hazards.

GUIDELINES ON BUILDING BULK, DEVELOPMENT CONTROLS, BUILDINGS AND OTHER

ACCESSORY STRUCTURES WITHIN CEMETERIES AND MEMORIAL PARKS

A. DETERMINING BUILDING BULK

1. General. Building bulk (a volume quantity) shall be generally determined by the application of the
Floor-Lot Area Ratio (FLAR), vertically projecting the Allowable Maximum Building Footprint
(AMBF), establishing the Outermost Faces of Building (OFB) and quantifying the Allowable
Maximum Volume of Building (AMVB). The building bulk may be ultimately governed by the width
of the RROW and other applicable provisions for light and ventilation (including incremental
setbacks as a result of satisfying natural light and ventilation requirements for RROW and front
yards as partly shown in Table VII.G.1. hereafter).

2. Application of the FLAR. The FLAR (Table VII.G.1.) shall be the primary or initial determinant of the
building bulk.

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Table VII.G.1. Reference Table of Floor to Lot Area Ratio (FLAR) Designations/Rights

Type of Use
or Type of Building/Structure FLAR Designation/Rights
Occupancy
Residential Residential 1 (R-1) 1.50
(at a 3-storey or 10.00 m BHL)
Residential 2 (R-2)
a. Basic R-2 1.30 up to 1.50
(at a 3-storey or 10.00 m BHL)
b. Maximum R-2 2.10 up to 3.00
(at a 5-storey or 15.00 m BHL)
Residential 3 (R-3)
a. Basic R-3 1.80 up to 2.10
(at a 3-storey or 10.00 m BHL)
b. Maximum R-3 7.10 up to 8.10
(at a 12-storey or 36.00 m BHL)
Individual Lot for Residential 4 1.60 up to1.80
(R-4)/Townhouses (at a 3-storey or 10.00 m BHL)
Residential 5(R-5)/ 6.00 up to 9.00
Condominiums (at an 18-storey or 54.00 m BHL)
Commercial Commercial 1 (Com-1) 1.70 up to 3.00
(at a 5-storey or 15.00 m BHL)
Commercial 2 (Com-2) 3.60 up to 9.00
(at a 15-storey or 45.00 m BHL)
Commercial 3 (Com-3) 9.00 up to 34.00
(at a 60-storey or 180.00 m BHL)
Industrial Industrial 1 (Ind-1) 1.50 up to 2.50
Industrial 2 (Ind-2) 2.50 up to 3.00
Industrial 3 (Ind-3) 3.00 up to 5.00
Institutional - 2.50
Cultural - 3.50
Utility/Transportation/Road
Rights-of Way (RROW)/ - 2.00 up to 3.00
Services
Parks and Open
Recreational Spaces - 0.50 up to 1.00
Agricultural
- 1.80 up to 2.20
Agro-Industrial/Tourism
Planned Unit Development PUD at a reclamation area close to
6.00
(PUD) an operating airport
PUD at a reclamation area 6.00 up to 12.00
PUD at a coastal area 12.00 up to 18.00
PUD at an inland area very
6.00 up to 18.00
close to an operating airport
PUD at an inland area 9.00 up to 34.00
(at a 60-storey or 180.00 m BHL)
Cemetery - 0.80

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Guidelines on Building Bulk and Development Controls. . . .

Table VII.G.2. Conversion Table of Gross Floor Area (GFA) to Total Gross Floor Area (TGFA)
Excluded Floor Areas (non-
Type of Building/Structure Multiplier to Convert the GFA to
GFA) as a Percentage (%) of
based on Use/Occupancy TGFA
the TGFA
Residential 1 33% 1.50
Residential 2 (Basic),
Residential 3 (Basic) and 20% 1.25
Residential 4
Residential 2 (Maximum),
Residential 3 (Maximum) 16% 1.20
and Residential 5
Commercial 1 20% 1.25
Commercial 2 25% 1.33
Commercial 3 33% 1.50
Industrial 1 25% 1.33
Industrial 2 and 3 33% 1.50
Transportation, Utility and
33% 1.50
Service Areas
Agricultural and Agro- 2%-5% 1.03-1.06
Industrial

3. Establishing the OFB. The OFB shall be primarily determined by the vertical projections of the
outermost faces of the AMBF up to a height prescribed by the applicable BHL. Figure VII.G.1.
shows the determination of the angular planes needed to establish the outer limits for walls and
projections of the proposed building/structure facing RROW and for their corresponding roof
configurations. Table VII.G.3. also shows the recommended angles or slopes for the angular
planes originating from the centerline of the RROW for R-1 and C-3 properties only. Angles or
slopes for other permitted uses/occupancies can be extrapolated from the two (2)
examples. (Figs. VIII.G.1. and VIII.G.2.)

Table VII.G.3. Reference Table of Angles/Slopes* To Satisfy Natural Light and Ventilation
Requirements Along RROW and Front Yards

Angle or Slope of Angular

Plane for Angle or Slope of Angular Plane for
Buildings/Structures Without Buildings/Structures With Projections*
Width of
Type of Projections**
Road Right-of-
Use or Angle
Way Angle from
Occupancy from
(RROW) Ratio Centerline of Ratio
Centerline
(Slope) RROW (Slope)
of RROW
(Degree)
(Degrees)
9 m:8.5m 7.5 m:6.25m
8.00 meters 46.5 50.0
(1.06) (1.20)
Residential 1 9 m:9.5m 7.5 m:7.25m
10.00 meters 43.0 46.0
(R-1) (0.95) (1.03)
9 m:10.5m 7.5 m:8.25m
12.00 meters 40.0 43.0
(0.86) (0.91)

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 Residential 1 7.5 m:9.25m
9 m:11.5m
(R-1) 14.00 meters 38.0 39.0 (0.81)
(0.78)
(continuation)
9 m:12.5m 7.5m:10.25m
16.00 meters 35.0 36.0
(0.72) (0.73)
9 m:13.5m 7.5m:11.25m
18.00 meters 33.5 33.0
(0.67) (0.67)
9 m:14.5m 7.5m:12.25m
20.00 meters 31.0 32.0
(0.62) (0.61)
48 m:16.5m
8.00 meters 71.0 (2.90) - -

48 m:17.5m
10.00 meters 69.5 - -
(2.74)
Commercial 3 48 m:18.5m
12.00 meters 68.0 - -
(C-3) (2.59)
48 m:19.5m
14.00 meters 65.5 - -
(2.46)
48 m:20.5m
16.00 meters 63.6 - -
(2.34)
48 m:21.5m
18.00 meters 61.7 - -
(2.23)
48 m:22.5m
20.00 meters 60.0 - -
(2.13)

NOTE:
* To be used for plotting the angular plane from the grade level centerline of the RROW. The angular plane
can also help determine the Allowable Maximum Volume of Building (AMVB) as well as the alternative
incremental setback lines. Only the uses/occupancies with the least and heaviest developments (R-1 and
C-3 respectively are shown). The angles/slopes of angular planes for all other uses/occupancies in
between can be extrapolated.

** Considered projections from the outermost face of the building/structure are eaves, medias aguas
(canopy for windows), cantilevers, heavy sign supports (only for applications permitted or consistent
with the Code) and the like.

4. Quantifying the AMVB. The AMVB shall be primarily determined by the following:

a. Multiply the AMBF (in square meters) for the lot by the applicable BHL (in meters) for the lot
to arrive at the initial AMVB (in cubic meters); the result of this step is the imaginary footprint
prism;

b. Superimpose the angular plane originating from the center of the RROW on the footprint prism;
this shall result in the reduction of the initially computed building volume due to the application
of incremental setbacks and of roof configuration dictated by the angular plane; the result of
this step is the AMVB;

c. To crosscheck the AMVB against the Allowable Maximum TGFA (separately determined),
convert the AMVB into its approximate area equivalent (in sq. meters) by dividing it with the
BHL. Before converting the AMVB to its area component, check for the effects of the
incremental setbacks on the TGFA for each floor of the proposed building/structure.

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B. Application of Development Controls (DC)
(To Determine the Maximum Development Potential of a Lot)

1. Sizing the Building/Structure. To determine the allowed/appropriate building bulk (volume), the
following series of steps using the DC under this Guideline and other Rules in the Code shall be
followed:

a. Refer to Rule VIII for prescribed setbacks, yards, courts (at grade level), etc. applicable to
the lot/project site; determine the extent of firewall construction if required and/or if permitted;
refer to Rule VIII for the Percentage of Site Occupancy (PSO); compute for the Allowable
Maximum Building Footprint (AMBF) under this Rule by using the formula:

Land area
Additional buildable
Allowable Maximum required for
Total lot area due to
Building/ yards/ courts
Footprint or AMBF =
Lot - (prescribed +
Firewall construction
Area (if permitted
(in sq. meters) under Rule
(TLA) under this Rule)
VIII)

b. Check resultant building footprint against applicable PSO under Reference Table VIII.1. of
Rule VIII and consult existing/applicable and/or duly approved zoning ordinances; to check,
use the formula:

Percentage Allowable Maximum Total

of Site = Building Footprint or AMBF ÷ Lot Area
Occupancy (PSO) (in square meters) (TLA)

c. Compute for the resultant height of the building/structure by referring to Table VII.2. of this Rule
and by using the formula:

Building Height Limit or the Desired

Resultant Height
BHL Floor to Floor
of the building/structure = X
(as expressed in number of Height
(in meters)
floors/storeys) (in meters)

d. Check the resultant height against the BHL (refer to Table VII.2. of this Rule); if a greater
building/structure height is desired, consult existing zoning ordinances or other applicable laws for
possible relief; if relief cannot be sought, explore sub-grade (basement level) solutions or reduce
the desired floor to floor heights in case it is greater than 3.00 meters;

e. Establish the Outermost Faces of Building (OFB) to help determine the Allowable Maximum
Volume of Building (AMVB) and to satisfy natural light and ventilation requirements for RROW
and front yards abutting RROW; an imaginary prism within which the proposed
building/structure must fit shall result, unless specifically allowed under the Code; thereafter,
establish the Outermost Limits of Building Projections (OLBP) to fully comply with other
applicable light and ventilation provisions;

f. Initially determine building bulk by computing for the maximum allowable Gross Floor Area (GFA)
for the building/structure using the formula:

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 Gross Floor Area (GFA) of Total
Recommended
the building/structure = Lot Area X Floor to Lot Area Ratio (FLAR)*
(in square meters) (TLA)

NOTE: * Refer to Table VII.G.1. of this Guideline (Recommended FLAR Designations/Rights) and/or
consult existing/applicable and duly-approved zoning ordinances.

i. GROSS FLOOR AREA (GFA) - the total floor space within the perimeter of the permanent
external building walls (inclusive of main and auxiliary buildings) such as office areas,
residential areas, corridors, lobbies and mezzanine level/s. The GFA shall also include
building projections which may serve as floors or platforms that are directly connected
to/integrated with areas within the building/structure, e.g., balconies (Refer to Section 1004 of
Rule X of this IRR) and the GFA excludes the following:

(a) Covered areas used for parking and driveways, services and utilities;

(b) Vertical penetrations in parking floors where no residential or office units are present; and

(c) Uncovered areas for helipads, air-conditioning cooling towers or air-conditioning

condensing unit (ACCU) balconies, overhead water tanks, roof decks, laundry areas and
cages, wading or swimming pools, whirlpools or jacuzzis, terraces, gardens, courts or
plazas, balconies exceeding 10.00 sq. meters, fire escape structures and the like.

g. Determine the Allowable Maximum Total Gross Floor Area (TGFA) to approximate building
volume using the formula hereafter. In particular, determine the minimum required off-street cum
on-site parking provisions, driveways and related access systems, particularly for new
developments and/or re-developments whereby provisions of this Guideline shall apply.

Gross Floor
Area (GFA) All requirements for
Total Gross Floor Area
of the Non- courts at all floors (above
(TGFA) of the building/
building/ GFA - grade) under
structure = structure + areas* Rule VIII
(in sq. meters)
(in square (in square meters)
meters)

NOTE: * Compute for all other areas not covered by the FLAR or by the GFA using Table VII.G.2.

i. TOTAL GROSS FLOOR AREA (TGFA) - the total floor space within the main and
auxiliary buildings primarily consisting of the GFA and all other enclosed support areas
together with all other usable horizontal areas/surfaces above and below established grade
level that are all physically attached to the building/s which shall consists of the following:

(a) Covered areas used for parking and driveways, services and utilities. The TGFA
specifically excludes provisions for courts above grade level;

(b) Vertical penetrations in parking floors where no residential or office units are present;

(c) Uncovered areas for helipads, air-conditioning cooling towers or ACCU balconies,
overhead water tanks, roof decks, laundry areas and cages, wading or swimming pools,
whirlpool or jacuzzis, terraces, gardens, courts or plazas, balconies exceeding 10.00 sq.
meters, fire escape structures and the like; and

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 (d) Other building projections which may additionally function as floors or platforms if
properly reinforced, e.g., the top surfaces of roof extensions/eaves, sun-breakers, large
roofed or cantilevered areas such as porte cocheres, canopies and the like.

Figure VII.G.1.

Annotation: Steeper angles shall result if the RROW is narrower, particularly for higher density and
higher intensity building uses/occupancies.

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Guidelines on Building Bulk and Development Controls. . . .

Figure VII.G.2.
PROJECTION (EAVES, BALCONY, ETC.) FOR WHICH
A DIFFERENT ANGLE (∝) IS SPECIFIED (REFER TO
NOTE: EXAMPLE SHOWING NO BUILDING

TABLE VII.G.3. AND TO FIGURE VII.G.1.)

ESTABLISHING THE OUTMOST FACES OF BUILDING (OFB) FOR A TYPICAL R-1 USE /
OCCUPANCY THROUGH THE USE OF THE AMBF, THE BHL, THE AMVB AND THE ANGULAR
PLANE ALONG THE RROW (14.00 M WIDE RROW)

Annotation: Steeper angles shall result if the RROW is narrower, particularly for higher density
and higher intensity building uses/occupancies..

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Guidelines on Buildings and Other Accessory Structures Within Cemeteries and Memorial Parks……

C. BUILDINGS AND OTHER ACCESSORY STRUCTURES WITHIN CEMETERIES AND MEMORIAL

PARKS

1. Location of Cemeteries/Memorial Parks

a. Cemeteries and Memorial Parks shall be located in accordance with the approved land use
plan of the city/municipality concerned. Prior clearance shall be obtained from the
Department of Health, the National Water Resources Council, the Department of Environment
and Natural Resources and the Housing and Land Use Regulatory Board.

2. Protective Enclosures

a. The cemetery shall be totally enclosed by a perimeter fence/wall of strong material, and all
gates shall be provided with a strong door and lock. Perimeter wall shall not exceed 3.00
meters in height.

b. Where a cemetery is enclosed by a solid reinforced concrete wall at least 2.00 meters high, it is
allowed to construct tombs, vaults, mausoleums or other types of sepulchres for the dead up to
the walls. Otherwise, a clearance of 5.00 meters shall be maintained between the perimeter
fence and the nearest interment plot.

3. Interments, Burials and Entombments

a. For ground interments, there shall be a minimum depth of excavation of 1.50 meters from
ground level to base of excavation. However, if concrete vaults are used, the minimum depth
of excavation from base of vault to ground level shall be 1.00 meter, depending on the depth
of ground water table.

b. Ground interments shall be allowed only in designated graveyard areas of the cemetery and
may be provided with suitable markers, headstones or memorials.

c. Vaults for tombs and mausoleums for aboveground interments shall be of solid reinforced
concrete. Concrete hollow blocks or any unit masonry construction of ceramics, adobe or the
like shall not be allowed for the construction of above-ground vaults; tombs or mausoleums.
Mausoleums may be provided with ossuaries and/or cineraria along the interior walls.

d. Multi-level interment niches shall only be of solid reinforced concrete construction, of not less
than 150 millimeters thickness in which case they may be allowed to abut walls of the
cemetery, provided, the walls are of solid reinforced concrete construction. Concrete hollow
blocks, or any unit masonry construction of ceramics, adobe or the like shall not be allowed.

e. Before construction is started on any mausoleum, canopy over a tomb, or multi-level niches,
a building permit shall be secured therefore from the OBO.

f. Horizontal divisions of columbaria shall be of reinforced concrete of at least 50 millimeters

thickness. Vertical divisions may be of concrete hollow blocks of at least 100 millimeters
thickness, in which case, cement mortar shall be applied evenly to present a non-porous
surface. Minimum dimensions of individual cinerarium shall be 300 millimeters by 300
millimeters by 460 millimeters. Cinerary remains shall be placed inside tightly sealed urns.

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 4. Accessory Structures

a. A chapel with a floor area of at least 50.00 sq. meters shall be constructed at a convenient
location within the cemetery where funeral ceremonies may be held, and incidentally serve as
haven for funeral participants against sun and rain.

b. Wake chaplets with a minimum area of 50.00 sq. meters for thirty (30) persons and at least
1.60 sq. meters for each additional person may be provided.

c. Administrative Office - a 64.00 sq. meters lot shall be allocated for an administration
building office for memorial parks with an area of above one (1) hectare.

d. Electrical Power Supply - Distances of lampposts for street lighting shall be placed at a
maximum of 100.00 meters or as prescribed by the power firm servicing the area. Utility
poles shall be installed along sides of streets and pathways.

e. Parking Area - Parking area equivalent to a minimum of five 5% of the gross area of
memorial park/cemetery shall be provided over and above the required parking area/facility
for any structures to be constructed within the premises of the memorial park/cemetery.

f. Comfort Rooms - Adequate and clean comfort rooms with facilities for disabled persons shall
be provided in properly located areas.

NOTE: Refer also to the latest applicable HLURB Guidelines regarding Cemeteries and Memorial Parks.

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