HATCHERY AND BREEDING FARM

MANAGEMENT AT PANUSPOKPHAND CO., &

LTD. IN CHONBURI PROVINCE, THAILAND

Internship Report

By :

Reni Suryaningrum SIN. 175050107111088

Rifa Naziihah SIN. 175050107111139

ANIMAL SCIENCE PROGRAM

FACULTY OF ANIMAL SCIENCE

BRAWIJAYA UNIVERSITY

MALANG

2020
 HATCHERY AND BREEDING FARM
MANAGEMENT AT PANUSPOKPHAND CO., &
LTD. IN CHONBURI PROVINCE, THAILAND

Internship Report

By :

Reni Suryaningrum SIN. 175050107111088

Rifa Naziihah SIN. 175050107111139

Submitted to Fulfill Partial Requirements for

Undergraduate Program in Faculty of Animal
Science, Brawijaya University

ANIMAL SCIENCE PROGRAM

FACULTY OF ANIMAL SCIENCE

BRAWIJAYA UNIVERSITY

MALANG

2020
 PREFACE

Alhamdulillah. All praises due to Allah SWT who

has mercies and gives a lot of blessings. Thanks for a
chance to learn about hatchery and breeder industry in
Thailand and author can finish this internship report.
This internship report is one of the requirements in
internship exam of Faculty of Animal Science,
Brawijaya University. On this opportunity the author
deeply thanks to:

1. Prof.Dr.Sc.Agr.Ir. Suyadi, MS, IPU., ASEAN

Eng. as the Dean of Animal Science Faculty,
Brawijaya University,Indonesia.

2. Dr. Yanyong Chalermsan as the Dean of Science

and Agricultural Technology Faculty,
Rajamangala University of Technology Lanna,
Lampang, Thailand.

3. Dr.Ir.Osfar Sjofjan, M.Sc., IPU., ASEAN Eng.

as the Supervisor of Internship who has given
direction and shared knowledge in finishing this
internship report.
4. Prof.Dr.Ir. Lilik Eka Radiati, MS., IPU and Rizki
Prafitri, S.Pt., M.A., Ph.D as Examiners of
internship who has given guidance in finishing this
internship report.
v
5. Dr. Ir. Marjuki, M.Sc. as the one who takes
resposibility for BRIC (Brawijaya Rajamangala
International Class) program from Brawijaya
University who has given all supports for this
program.

6. Prof. Suntorn Wittayakun as the one who takes

responsibility for BRIC Program in Thailand
and always understands for decisions. And
always gives motivation for the authors.

7. Mr. Montree Sae Lo as the Owner of

Panuspokphand Co., & Ltd. who gives great
chance for authors to learn about the concept and
technique to manage hatchery and breeder farm.

8. Mr. Sanya Jaihuang as the Manager of Panus

Hatchery who has given help and advice during
internship activity in Panus Hatchery, Bo Thong
District, Chonburi Province, Thailand.

9. Mr. Plueang Sriasan as the Manager of Klong

Luang Farm who has given help and advice
during internship activity in Klong Luang
Breeder Farm, Kochan District, Chonburi
Province, Thailand.

vi
10. Mr. Surasak Wannapon, Mr. Apiwan Sakdee,
Mr. Weeraphol Hanpimal, Mr. Vuttipong
Samorn, Mrs. Chomyong Hanpimal, Mrs.
Varista Petpong, Mrs. Ubonpan Tanandun, Miss
Natvarat Nartudom, Mr. Apinan Comlachan,
and Mr. Singyut Sripumkool as the officer in
Panus Hatchery who have been very nice and
helped the authors during the internship
program.

11. Mr. Chairat, Mr. Ubonsak Thakumwong, Mr.

Thosapol, Mrs. Chalong Nuakaen, Mrs. Wannee
Sriasan, and Mrs. Anangruk Wannasiriphon as
the officer in Klong Luang Farm who have been
very nice and helped the authors during the
internship program.

12. P’ Proy and P’ Fern as the new workers in

Panuspokphand who helped the authors during
the internship program.

13. P’ Praew, P’Jik, P’ Ann, and P’ Ten as another

internship students who helped the authors
during the first internship activity.

14. All participants of this BRIC program 2018 as

the great team and partners of internship activity.

15. All those who helped and given encouragement

to the authors until the completion of this report.
vii
 The author considers that incompiling this report.
There are still short comings, authors need criticism,
and constructive suggestions are encouraged for
compiling the next report. Hopefully, this report will
be useful especially for the students of Faculty of
Animal Science Brawijaya University, Indonesia and
Rajamangala University of Technology Lanna,
Thailand, and also add insight to the other reader.

Malang, December 8th 2020

Team of Internship

vii
 HATCHERY AND BREEDER FARM
MANAGEMENT AT PANUSPOKPHAND CO., &
LTD. IN CHONBURI PROVINCE, THAILAND

Reni Suryaningrum*1),Rifa Naziihah*1) and Osfar Sjofjan

*2)

*1) Student of Animal Science Faculty, Brawijaya

University

*2) Lecturer of Animal Science Faculty, Brawijaya

University

ABSTRACT

BRIC Program is a program for students from Animal

Science Brawijaya University Indonesia and Rajamangala
University of Technology Lanna Thailand. This internship
study was held for 1 month which was conducted from 2nd
November – 1st December 2018. Especially at
Panuspokphand Co., & Ltd. Bo Thong District and
Kochan District in Chonburi Province, Thailand. Purpose
of this internship program is to learn and improve skills
and knowledge, and also participate directly and obtain
information from Panuspokphand about hatchery and
breeder farm. The methods used for this internship are

ix
participation, interview and observation. Data was
collected by primary data and secondary data, after that the
data was compared by analyzing with theories and wrote
as actual results of activities in Panuspokphand Co., &
Ltd. Result showed that Panuspokphand has 4 breeder
farms and 2 hatcheries. In Klong Luang Farm there are 30
houses (5 flocks), and the placement number is 8180
birds/house. Total placement is around 245.400 birds in
the KL Farm. The breeder farm grows breeder chickens
for Ross strain DOC and exported to Panus Hatchery and
Nonggat Hacthery. Panus Hatchery produces around
800.000-900.000 DOCs/week. The management in Panus
Hatchery include the receiving egg, fumigation, cold
room, setter room, dark room, hatcher room, chicken
room, grading, and vaccination before being distributed to
consumers. There is also a pest control management for
protecting breeder broiler and eggs outside of house. In
conclusion, Panuspokphand Co. & Ltd. has a good
management. It starts from good management, good
animal welfare, and good quality for product.

Keywords: Hatchery, Breeder, Management, Ross, Farm

x
 HATCHERY AND BREEDER FARM
MANAGEMENTAT PANUSPOKPHAND CO., &
LTD. IN CHONBURI PROVINCE, THAILAND

Reni Suryaningrum*1),Rifa Naziihah*1) and Osfar Sjofjan

*2)

*1) Student of Animal Science Faculty, Brawijaya

University

*2) Lecturer of Animal Science Faculty, Brawijaya

University

SUMMARY

This internship was held for 1 month in Bo Thong

District and Kochan District, Chonburi Province, Thailand
from 2nd November – 1st December 2018. Before the
program started in Panus Hatchery and Klong Luang
breeder farm, the students trained in Rajamangala
University of Technology Lanna, Lampang Campus as a
member of Rajamangala University of Technology Lanna
for two months. Students learned things that are required
to work on a broiler farm such as broiler handling, animal
welfare, work at height, health and safety work, etc. After
that, students were announced where they will spend 4

xi
weeks internship in hatchery and breeder farms. Panus
Hatchery and Klong Luang breeder farm will be the place
for 4 weeks later for the author.

Benefits from this internship are students can do

directly several management about hatchery and breeder
on the farm. The student learned new knowledge about
breeder management such as body condition scoring (pick
10 samples in every room in house farm, and do the
scoring), feeding management (we see the feeding process
at 7 AM, the feeding is using automatic feeder from the
silo), vaccination (both in Klong Luang breeder farm and
also in the hatchery). Students did almost all the activities
mentioned above. And also students have to participate
directly to work in the field and interview with the
manager to collect data. Data obtained from this internship
activity were analyzed descriptively, by comparing those
data to the related theories or literature.

Panuspokphand Co., & Ltd. also has feed mill at

the central office. They made it from materials that had a
good quality to keep high production. Generally, they have
a high standard of animal welfare. The standard of animal
welfare is important for food safety because it is healthier
for the customer. Panuspokphand Co., & Ltd. has good
management for their breeder farm and hatchery to
prioritizing animal welfare to avoid bruise, injury, or dead
chicken.

xii
 LIST OF CONTENTS

COVER
APPROVAL SHEET
PREFACE......................................................................... i
ABSTRACT .....................................................................v
SUMMARY ................................................................. viii
LIST OF CONTENTS .................................................. ixx
LIST OF FIGURES ........................................................ vi
LIST OF TABLES......................................................... vii
LIST OF APPENDIXES .............................................. viii
CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION................................... 1
1.1 Situation Analysis ...................................................1
1.2 Problem Identification .............................................1
1.3 Purposes ..................................................................2
1.4 Aim..........................................................................2
CHAPTER II LITERATURE REVIEW ..................... 3
2.1 Panuspokphand Co., & Ltd .....................................3
2.2 Close House System ................................................3
2.3 Strain Ross 360........................................................5
2.4 Breeder Management ..............................................6
xii
 2.5 Hatchery Management ............................................8
2.6 Biosecurity ..............................................................9
2.7 Chicken Nutrition ..................................................10
CHAPTER 3 METHODOLOGY ...............................13
3.1 Location and Time ................................................13
3.2 Objective of Study .................................................13
3.3 Material and Method .............................................14
3.3.1 Material ...........................................................14
3.3.2 Methodology ...................................................14
3.4 Analysis of Result .................................................14
3.5 Terminologies .......................................................15
CHAPTER 4 RESULT AND EVALUATION
ACTIVITIES.................................................................18
4.1 General Situation of the Farm and Hacthery .........18
4.1.1 Location of Farm and Hatchery ......................18
4.1.2 History.............................................................21
4.1.3 Product of Farm and Hatchery ........................23
4.2 Infrastructure and Facilities ...................................23
4.2.1 Close House System (Farm)............................26
4.2.2 Water System ..................................................27
4.3 Breeder Management ............................................29
4.3.11 Brooding Management / Starter Management 29

xii
 4.3.2 Finisher Management ......................................31
4.3.3 Feed Management ...........................................31
4.4 Hatchery Management ..........................................32
4.4.1 Receiving Room..............................................32
4.4.2 Cold Room ......................................................32
4.4.3 Setter Room ....................................................33
4.4.4 Dark Room ......................................................34
4.4.5 Hatcher Room .................................................34
4.4.6 Chicken Room ................................................35
4.4.7 Vaccination Room ..........................................35
4.5 Animal Waste ........................................................36
4.6 Animal Welfare .....................................................36
CHAPTER V CONCLUSION AND
RECOMMENDATION ...............................................38
5.1 Conclusion ............................................................38
5.2 Recommendation...................................................38
LIST OF REFERENCES................................................40
APPENDIX ....................................................................43

xii
 LIST OF FIGURES

Figure 1. Location of Panuspokphand Co., & Ltd. .........18

Figure 2. Map of KlongLuang Breeder Farm .................19

Figure 3. Map of Panus Hatchery ...................................20

Figure 4. Panuspokphand Logo ......................................22

Figure 5. Lake in Panus Hatchery ...................................28

Figure 6. Water System ..................................................28

Figure 7. Setter Room Panus Hatchery ...........................33

Figure 8. Eggs in Dark Room .........................................34

Figure 9. Hatcher Room..................................................34

vi
 LIST OF TABLES

Table 1. Terminologies ...................................................17

Table 2. Boundaries of KlongLuang Breeder Farm .......19

Table 3. Boundaries of Panus Hatchery .........................20

Table 4. Infrastructure and Facilities in KlongLuang

Breeder Farm ......................................................24

Table 5. Infrastructure and Facilities in Panus

Hatchery .............................................................25

Table 6. Example of Increase in Brooding Area.............30

Table 7. Monitoring Card of Internship at

Panuspokphand Co.,& Ltd..............................................43

vii
 LIST OF APPENDIXES

Appendix 1. Monitoring Card of Internship ...................43

Appendix 2. Documentation in Panus Hatchery.............48

Appendix 3. Documentation in Klong Luang Farm .......50

vii
 CHAPTER 1

INTRODUCTION

1.1 Situation Analysis

Poultry production is a heavy concentration in Asia.
It is a major proportion of the chick population in the
world. Asian chicken meat output represented about 35%
of the global total compared with around 32% back in
2000 (Terry, 2010).

The poultry sector has been widely acknowledging

as the greatest agro-business success story in Thailand.
The poultry industry has become a major “industrial”
livestock sector, the rapid growth of the poultry is broiler,
and it was produced 86.4% of the total poultry meat.
From an economic perspective, broiler meat is an
important poultry product, both for domestic
consumption and export. In 2001, 1,230 million tons of
poultry meat was produced, making it an export country,
with 399 million tons exported. In 2003, Thailand is one
of the world’s largest chicken meat producers (ranked 7
in 2003 with the production of 1,340 billion tons).

1.2 Problem Identification

Indonesia is a very fertile agricultural country. The
majority of the population lives in various sectors,
including agriculture, plantations, and livestock. One of
many animal science businesses developed in Indonesia
1
today is a broiler farm (Puspo et al, 2019). And we know
that poultry is a big sector for human consumption that
contain protein. Both of us want to learn more about the
poultry sector from the beginning (hatchery & breeder
broiler farm) to improve oursoft skills and also hard skills
that will be important for our future.

1.3 Purposes
The purpose of this internship is to learn new things in
the poultry sector. As students we have high curiosity
about animal livestock, to answer our curiosity not only
from class but also on the farm. In 2018 we have the
opportunity to do our internship in hatchery and breeder
broiler farm management for a month in Ross 360 breeds
in Panuspokphand Co., Ltd – Thailand.

1.4 Aims
The aims of this internship will be explained as below:

- Improve soft skills and hard skills in the poultry

sector,

- An opportunity to learn in the field about the

management of hatchery and breeder broiler
farm, especially in other countries,

- Strengthen international relations between

Indonesia and Thailand.

2
 CHAPTER II

LITERATURE REVIEW

2.1 Panuspokphand Co., & Ltd

Panuspokphand Co., & Ltd. is an enterprise in
Thailand, with the main office in Chonburi. It operates
Animal Food Manufacturing industry. The company was
established on 1994. From the latest financial highlight,
Panuspokphand Co., & Ltd. reported a net sales revenue
increase of 5,66% in 2015. It’s total assets recorded a
growth of 10,25%. The net profit margin of
Panuspokphand Co., & Ltd. increased by 1,38% in 2015
(https://www.emis.com/php/company-
profile/TH/Panuspokphand_Co_Ltd_en_3770203.html).

2.2 Close House System

The closed-house system has been introduced to the
farmers around 20-23 years ago in America, and the
system was spread to the South East Asia which most of
the regions are tropical. The closed-house system should
be able to remove excess heat, water vapor, and other
harming gasses like CO, CO2, and NH3, while also
provides oxygen for the chickens. The closed-house
system is believed to be able to minimize environmental
risks so that the chicken productivity could be increased
(Santoso et al, 2018). Maintenance of broilers using a
closed house model is one of the technological innovation
efforts to deal with extreme weather changes. The cage
3
model of closed house is expected to minimize the adverse
effects of environmental conditions or climate change
outside the cage (Dewanto et al, 2019).

Power ventilation in controlled or closed-environment

houses is the popular form of broiler house ventilation
system due to ability to provide better control of the
internal environment under varying ambient conditions.
The most common form of controlled-environment
housing operates under negative pressure. These houses
usually have solid sidewalls and exhaust fans which draw
air out of the houses, and automated through which fresh
air is drawn into the houses. A closed house system could
occupy 12 to 16 birds/m2. In a particular condition such as
too high stocking density rate, broiler holders will do early
harvesting at 22 to 24 days of age. However, the stocking
density of broiler depends on the age or body weight. In
addition, a closed house system with favorable housing
micro environment could occupy 16 to 20 birds/m2 or 30
to 36 kg/m2 (North & Bell, 1990; Yardimci & Kenar,
2008; Abudabos et al., 2012; Abudabos et al., 2013).

Microclimates in the house include temperature,

humidity, air velocity and movement, air composition, and
light. Broilers have certain microclimate needs according
to their physiological development and production phase.
Differences in the construction of the open and closed
house will give a microclimate difference to the internal
environment (Murhalien et al, 2020). Theyalso found that
4
the feed conversion rate (FCR) for CHS is lower compared
to OHS since reared broilers in the OHS, the birds are
stress from the heat, tend to drink more and eat less and
can cause dead to the chicken, eventually. However, they
found that birds in the CHS are comfortable and intend to
eat more and convert most of the feed into meat. This will
lead to low FCR (Majid and Sallahuddin, 2016).

2.3 Strain Ross 360

Ross is the world’s number one broiler breeder
brand. With a product range that offers customers the
solution for all requirements, first-class genetics and
product performance and a comprehensive global
distributor network, it is no wonder Ross is the breed of
choice for the global poultry industry. The Ross product
range provides customers all over the world with
performance that best suits their needs. Whatever Ross
product is used, customers can be assured that each one
will add value to their operations, through their first-class
health traits and all-round performance (Aviagen, 2020).

The Ross 308 satisfies the demands of customers

who require a bird that performs consistently well and has
the versatility to meet a broad range of end product
requirements. The Ross 308 breeder produces a high
number of eggs combined with good hatchability to
optimize chick cost in situations where broiler
performance is important. The Ross 308 is recognized
globally as a broiler that will give consistent performance
5
in the broiler house. Integrated and independent producers
value the growth rate, feed efficiency and robust
performance of the Ross 308 (Aviagen, 2020), for your
information because we can’t find the literature.

2.4 Breeder Management

The feed and breeder management can influence
the fertility. Proper maintenance of the parent flock,
the breeder’s age, the appropriate nutrition and a high
level of welfare guarantees the production of hatching
eggs of a high biological value (Nowak et al, 2019).
While, light intensities greater than 1 lux are required for
photoperiodic induction of egg production, considerably
higher light intensities are employed in commercial
poultry production. For instance, in broiler breeders, light
intensity is increased from before photo stimulation about
6 lux in the pullet phase to >50 lux after photo stimulation
at 21 or 22 weeks of age (Colin et al, 2020).

If the ambient temperature in the breeder house

exceeds 29°C (85°F), more frequent collection of hatching
eggs is warranted for placement of eggs in the cooler to
prevent further embryonic development. With hot
weather, up to five collections daily are advisable for
chicken breeders. Chicken breeder houses withautomated
conveyor belts typically run belts continuously during
morning hours of peak lay. In the afternoon when egg
laying is less frequent, the conveyor belts will be turned
on midafternoon and then once more before employees
6
depart for the day. Turkey hatching eggs are normally
collected hourly throughout the day. Hatching eggs are
commonly placed in recyclable, presanitized, perforated,
plastic setter flats during collection in the barn where the
breeders are housed. Use of plastic flats during collection
allows for these same flats to be used during incubation.
An additional advantage of the plastic flats, as opposed to
fiber flats, is that they result in a more rapid cooling of
hatching eggs in the storage room, as the perforations
allow for better air movement through the trays that are
placed in hatching buggies. The employees collecting the
eggs from the conveyor belts or nests should wash their
hands before collection or use disposable gloves to prevent
microbial contamination of hatching eggs (Smith, 2004).

During collection, hatching eggs laid on the floor are

often separated from nest laid eggs as they are more soiled
and carry a heavier bacterial load. The cleaner nest laid
eggs have better hatch rates than floor eggs that are easily
soiled (Mauldin, 2002). Four types of feed were given to
birds. Starter (for male & female upto 3 wks. adlibitum
and in 4-6 wks). Grower (for male 7-18 wks feed
supplied). Pre- breeder (for male 19-23 wks feed
supplied). Breeder (For male 24-68 wks.). Each laying
nest contains 9 holes and one hole for laying 4 birds. The
hole was of about 33 cm. in length, width and height
(Hassan et al, 2016). To prevent cross-contamination, the
floor-laid eggs, even though they may be washed and

7
sanitized or cleaned of debris, are often incubated
separately from the nest-laid eggs (Hester, 2017).

2.5 Hatchery Management

The handling of the eggs during transport, as well
as their disinfection and incubation is also important
(Jacobs et al. 2016). The hatching eggs should not be
stored for long periods of time, as this may result
in increased early embryo mortality (Bergoug et al. 2013).
Incubation factors, such as humidity, temperature,
ventilation and egg movement also influence the quality
of the day-old (Nowak et al, 2019). Hatching eggs from
breeder flocks are collected frequently, and placed in cold
storage with humidification following lay for the same
reasons as given for table eggs, but also for the purpose of
stopping embryonic development. In this manner, when
artificial incubation is initiated, chicks emerge from the
shell 21 days later in a synchronous manner requiring a
short-time frame for the hatching process to occur.
Chicken hatching eggs should be collected a minimum of
3–4 times daily (Hester, 2017).

Eggs are placed in flats with the large end up as this

position is used in the setter, an essential requirement for
a high-hatch rate. During the second week of incubation,
the chick embryo orients its head in the direction of the air
pocket, which is located at the large end of the egg
between the inner and outer shell membranes. If eggs are
set in the setter with the small end up, approximately 60%
8
of the embryos will develop with the head in the small end
of the egg where there is no air pocket leading to reduced
hatchability. The air pocket is critical for pulmonary
respiration when the embryo’s beak pierces through the
inner shell membrane during hatching (Hester, 2017).

During transport of hatching eggs from the breeder

farm to the hatchery, the environment of the truck where
the eggs are placed is maintained similar to the conditions
described for the storage cooler. For chicken eggs, the
temperature of the truck should be 18°C (65°F) with a
relative humidity of 60–70% (Hester, 2017).

2.6 Biosecurity
Biosecurity is taking measures to protect animals and
humans from harmful biological agents. In commercial
poultry production, this generally means total confinement
operations with strict rules to maintain flock health such
as shower-in and out systems, special clothing, and other
measures. Steps for Cleaning : 1. Thoroughly clean and
scrub objects before applying disinfectant. Disinfectants
are not effective if they are applied over caked on dirt,
manure, or bedding. 2. Apply disinfectants using brushes,
sponges, or spray units. Allow adequate contact time. 3.
Dispose of used disinfectant properly (Dallin and Denton,
2017). In the poultry industry it includes practices such as
footbath use, disposable shoe covers worn inside houses
and restricting farm access to necessary personnel (Omer
et al, 2019).
9
 Biosecurity is a way to avoid contact between
animals and microbes and helps to protect farm against,
Survey to assess of the many diseases, not only avian
influenza. The three main biosecurity implementation
principal components of biosecurity are isolation of
location, traffic control (including human and animal) and
sanitation. (Martindah et al, 2014) provide hand-sanitizing
facilities at the entrance to each house. Poultry biosecurity
are procedures that prevent introduction and spread of
poultry infectious diseases. The concept encompasses
policy and regulation protecting agriculture, food and the
environment from biological risks. Poultry biosecurity
studies have perhaps concentrated on production issues.
This is because biosecurity originates from agricultural
production. Poultry biosecurity was aggravated when
highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) outbreak
reached an endemic state globally (Aila et al, 2017).

2.7 Chicken Nutrition

Broiler breeders are rarely molted, but under certain
circumstances, molting may be performed. Most broiler
breeder molt programs are achieved by restricting feed
consumption and supplementing water containing
essential micronutrients allowing utilization of fat stores.
This reduced fat stores such that hens achieve a more
pullet-like body composition before being photo
stimulated again. In poultry, nutrition is integrally linked
to the hypothalamo-pituitary-gonadal axis. It has been
known for 50 years that egg production in hens stops
10
quickly following fasting (Colind, et al. 2020). Chicks
have been shown to benefit from early access to feed and
water. A healthy 1-day-old chick is a crucial link between
the hatchery and the broiler farm. The delayed intake of
water and nutrients to chicks could lead to a diminishing
of their overall growth performance with adverse effects
on breast meat. The most extreme consequence of delayed
feeding is increased mortality (Jha et al, 2019).

In broiler breeders feed intake is restricted due to the

inability of these birds to adequately self-regulate feed
intake during growth and development to achieve the
optimal body weight and body composition needed to
support efficient hatching-egg production. The feeding
program of broiler breeders most commonly applied has
the highest degree of feed restriction from 8 to 16 week of
age (Mozos, et.al., 2017). For broiler breeders, controlled
feed is crucial for flock uniformity, the modern strains of
high performance have large capacity on muscle growth,
and even when mature birds can still convert the excess of
amino acids and proteins in muscles, impairing egg
production (Tremarin & Sakamoto, 2016).

Automatic broiler feeding system with screw

conveyor mechanism is a practical chicken feed tool, easy
to use, and has an affordable cost. And it can improve the
quality of broiler chickens produced because a number of
foods will be more evenly distributed in the closed-house
system (Utomo et al, 2019). Food safety is also a
11
potentially critical issue as evidenced with the recent
series of salmonellosis cases associated with backyard
flocks. As with exposure to multiple sources of parasites,
freerange birds would likely encounter a wide range of
vectors for foodborne pathogens such as Salmonella
(Ricke and Michael, 2019).

12
 CHAPTER 3

METHODOLOGY

3.1 Location and Time

This internship study activity was conducted from 2nd
November – 1st December 2018. We did it at Panus
Pokphand Co., & Ltd 26 moo 5 Phanat Nikhom, Thung
Namang Subdistrict, Chon Buri Province, Thailand. At
two places, first two weeks at Panus Hatchery in setpoint
163 m. 1 A. Bo Thong District, Chonburi and next two
weeks at KlongLuang Farm (Breeder Broiler) in set point
96/1 m. 10 T. Kochan, A. Kochan District, Chonburi.

3.2 Object of Study

The object of the study were Manager Farm, Animal
Husbandry, employees of Panus Hatchery and
KlongLuang Farm. Panus Hatchery and KlongLuang
Farm are a Hatchery and Breeder Farm under Panus
Pokphand Co., & Ltd as a chicken meat producer. Panus
Hatchery is a hatchery that produced DOC every day.
KhlongLuang Farm had Fully Automatic Environment
Control with Evaporative Cooling System. There are 21
houses and placement number 8180 birds/house. The total
placement is around 171.780 birds.

13
3.3 Material and Method

3.3.1 Material
The materials which were used during the
internship in the management practice of hatchery and
breeder farm at Panus Hatchery and KlongLuang Breeder
Farm.

3.3.2 Methodology
The method which was used during the internship
was by participated directly in all hatchery and breeder
farm work activities or indirectly related to this aspect of
the study. The activities include hatchery management,
breeder management, litter management, body condition
scoring, litter score, vaccination, etc. Another data
collected by doing interviews or discussions with the
manager, animal husbandry person, and employees of the
farm-related to hatchery and breeder farm management.
The observation was used to collect primary data based
on recording, information, and fact on the farm. All data
and facts also used compared with the literature.

3.4 Analysis of Result

All activity and data which is collected divided
into two types. Primary data was collected by doing
interviews, observation, and also from recording data.
And secondary data is literature related to hatchery and
breeder farm management. After all, the data collected,
the author does compare primary data and secondary data

14
then sum up from activities result in Panuspokphand Co.,
&Ltd.

3.5 Terminologies
No. Terminologies Information

1. Breed: A group of birds that

reproduce their own likeness
in their offspring. A variety is
a group within a breed that is
distinguished by a difference
of a single characteristic eg.
Feather, color, or comb type.

2. Hatchery: A platform where eggs are

hatched under artificial
conditions, especially those of
fish or poultry. It may be used
for ex-situ conservation
purposes, i.e to breed rare or
endangered species under
controlled conditions.

3. Chick/ Day Old The term used to describe

Chick (DOC): chickens from day old to end
of brooding.

4. Controlled An insentive housing system

environment where the operator can control

15
 housing / Close temperature, air quality and
house: light.

5. Crop: An organ, a part of the

esophagus, located at the base
of the neck and used as a
storage place for food after
eating but before digestion.

6. Cull: The identification andremoval

of non-productive birds from
the flock.

7. Deep litter: The system of housing where a

suitable material called litter is
provided on the poultry house
floor for the birds to live on.

8. Disease: Any condition that affects the

proper functioning of the
bird’s system(s), organ(s) and
or tissue(s).

9. Flock: A number of birds of the same

origin (genotype), age and
managed in the same way.

10. Insentive Any system of housing poultry

system: where the birds are indoors all
of the time and do not have

16
 access to the outside. It usuallu
entails higher stocking
densities.

Table 1. Terminologies

17
 CHAPTER 4

RESULT AND EVALUATION ACTIVITIES

4.1 General Situation of the Farm and Hatchery

4.1.1 Location of Farm and Hatchery

Location of Panus Pokphand Co., Ltd Central
Office is in T. Kochan A. Phanat Nikhom Chonburi,
Thailand. Then the location of KlongLuang Farm is in
setpoint 96/1 M. 10 T. Kochan A. Kochan Chonburi,
Thailand. And the location of Panus Hatchery is in set
point 163 M. 1 A. Bo Thong District, Chonburi,
Thailand.

Figure 1. Location of Panus Hatchery and KlongLuang

Farm

18
 Figure 2. Map of KlongLuang Farm

Table 2. Boundaries of KlongLuang Farm

Boundaries Name of Region

North District Authority A. Kochan
West Klong Luang Reservoir
East Klong Luang Reservoir
South District Authority A. Kochan

19
 Figure 3. Map of Panus Hatchery

Table 3. Boundaries of Panus Hatchery

Boundaries Name of Region

North Sub-district Administration Organization Watsuwan

West Khlongmuesai Temple

East District Authority BoThong

South Panus Poultry Hatchery

20
4.1.2 History
Panuspokphand Co., & Ltd. is located on 26 moo
5 Phanat Nikhom Thung Namang, Subdistrict Phanat
Nikhom, Chonburi Province. Was established in
1999, the branch are divided into:

1. Office set point 26 moo 5 T. Khojang A. Phanat

Nikhom Chonburi,

2. Klongluang Farm set point 96/1 M. 10 T. Kochan

A. Kochan Chonburi,

3. Nongnamkhan Farm set point 113/1 M. 3 T.

Nongbondang A. Banbueng Chonburi,

4. Nonggat Farm set point 3 M. 6 T. Boklangtong

A. Bo Thong Chonburi,

5. Nongkhean Farm set point 142/1 M. 2 T.

Nongchak A. Banbueng Chonburi,

6. Nonggat Hatchery set point 31 M. 3 T.

Bookhaingtong A. Bo Thong Chonburi. and

7. Panus Hatchery set point 163 M. 1 A. Bo Thong

Chonburi.

The company imports chicken breeds or eggs

hatched from abroad. The production of chicks for sale
to domestic costumers or export to other countries. It
started production in May 1999 with a capacity of

21
850,000 chicks per week. Mr- Montre Sae Lo is the
Manager Director and Mr. Sittichoke Prachumtong as
the Quality Management Representative. This
company manages for 8 hours a day and works for 6
days in a week.

Figure 4. Panuspokphand Logo

The production of chicks is based on the parent

chicks for egg production and hatching. The chicks
are hatched using standard and modern hatcheries. For
more than 10 years of experience, it is closely
monitored and controlled to produce chickens for high
quality with international standards, delivered to the
costumers both in and out of the country. In addition
to the quality of the production of chicks. The
company also recognizes that the business of the
customer is important every second. It focuses on on-
time delivery and has a dedicated team and service
that is within the responsibility of the animal health
department that can give advice before and after the
sale to our customers so they can reduce costs to the
customer business.

22
 4.1.3 Product of Farm and Hatchery
Panuspokphand has four farms and 2 hatcheries.
At the farm, they produced a good quality of eggs
every day, five times. And at the hatchery, they
produced a good quality of DOC every day except on
Saturday and Sunday. They will bring a good quality
of eggs to the hatchery every 3 times a day, at 10.30
am, 12.00 pm, and 04.00 pm. Then the hatched eggs
(DOC) will be sold to the customer in the evening,
around 05.00 pm every day except on Saturday and
Sunday.

4.2 Infrastructure and Facilities

Panus Hatchery and KlongLuang Breeder Farm
infrastructure and facilities are used for activities of the
farm. There are several infrastructure and facilities.

KlongLuang Breeder Farm profile:

Establishment location : A. Kochan district, Chonburi

The starting date : 19 November 2018

Project area : 219 RAI

Number of house : 30 house

Eeach farm area : 31 building

Placement Number : 8180 birds/house farm

23
NO. Facilities and Infrastructure Amount (unit)

1 Security office 1

2 The employer recidence 1

3 Personal spray 1

4 Central office 1

5. The car park 2

6 The executive recidence 1

7 The maintenance and repair 1

building

8 The cooking building 1

9 The farm spraying 7

10 The house farm 17

11 The water treatment 1

12 Electricity generator 2

Table 4. Infrastructure and Facilities in KlongLuang

Breeder Farm

24
Panus Hatchery profil:

Establishment location: 163 M.1, T. Tadtong, A. Bo

Thong district, Chonburi

The starting date 2011

Project area : 67 acres

Number of house : 1 building

Eeach farm area : 1 building

Placement Number : 800.000-900.000

chicken/week

Table 5. Infrastructure and Facilities in Panus Hatchery

NO. Facilitiesand Infrastructure Amount

(unit)

1 Security office 1

2 The employer recidence 1

3 Personal spray 2

4 Central office 2

5. The car park 1

6 The executive recidence 1

25
7 The maintenance and repair 2
building

8 The cooking building 1

9 The farm spraying 10

10 The house farm 5

11 The water treatment 2

12 Electricity generator 2

4.2.1 Close House System (farm)

Close House System is common for poultry sector
with lot of benefit. Because with this system, we can
remove heat excess, water vapor and harming gasses.
Also to minimize environmental risk that can impact
our chicken productivity (Santoso et al, 2018). In
KlongLuang Breeder Farm there are 17 Close House
with full protection for the chicken. Not only from the
inside but also outside, because before we enter the
house we should wash our hands, spray disinfectant
and change our boots. From this procedure, we believe
that the environment for the chicken is in good
condition.

26
4.2.2 Water System
Panus Hatchery and KlongLuang Breeder Farm
have water sources such as lakes and groundwater.
Each place has a point of a water source located at the
corners of the farm. At least every farm has one of the
water resources.

a. Lake

A lake is a barrier that impounds water or

underground streams. The reservoirs created by lakes
provide water for various needs, include water source
for chicken on-farm or for daily needs in the houses. A
lake can also be used to collect water or for storage of
water which can be evenly distributed between
locations. Lakes generally serve the primary purpose
of retaining water in the wet season and will use inthe
dry season. Panus Hatchery has one lake as a water
source. Lake in Panus Hatchery is shown in Figure 6.

27
 Figure 5. Lake in Panus Hatchery

Panus Hatchery also available water tank

which has a capacity of 325 Q (1Q = 1.000L) to
provide water and square tank for cooling pad water.

b. Pipelines

Figure6.Water System

28
 Pipelines are an important component of water
management. Pipelines should be installed effectively
to facilitate the distribution of water to livestock.
Pipelines will determine the water point on the farm
which has related to feeding.

Pipes used to bring water from the water source

into the houses. Water will be distributed from houses
towards water trough. Pipe installation must be done
in good condition and ready to use. Pipe used to be
designed under the ground using a tractor. It is
intended that the pipeline was not lake-aged by the
mobility of livestock.

4.3 Breeder Management

4.3.1 Brooding Management / Starter

Management
Before the chicken arrived, we should prepare all
the things. From the feeders, drinkers, litter, etc. And
remember, before we prepare all stuff it must
thoroughly be cleaned and disinfected to keep it free
from bacteria. After the chickens arrived, we put
carefully and quickly as possible from the boxes and
we should remove it quickly. Brooding is the key of
all and we should do the best for the chickens in these
7-10 days of a chick’s life. They will drink water that
contains vitamin for the first time they arrived with
29
 manual drinkers to avoid dehydration. And we feed
them with the manual feeders for a week and change
with the automatic feeders. We check the crop for the
first 48 hours to make sure that all chicken got enough
to feed on the distribution.

During early brooding, where chick movement is

controlled by a brooding ring, the area contained by the
rings should be expanded gradually from 3 days of age to
increase floor space and improve feeding and drinking
space. Actual increases in brooding area should be
determined by chick behavior, body-weight gain and
feeding and drinking equipment. Ring should be removed
completely by no later 10 days of age. It is explained by
Ross (2018).

Age Birds/m2 (Birds/ft2)

1-3 days 40 (4.0)

4-6 days 25 (2.5)

7-9 days 10 (1.0)

10 days Final stocking density

Table 6. Example of increase in brooding area.

30
4.3.2 Finisher Management
In this period, we (as participants) only get a little
explanation because this period will be on 36 weeks
later. From the explanation, we learned how to clean
the house before we use it for the next period. To take
all the litter, feeder, drinker, also nesting place and
remember to clean all of it with disinfectant. Takeout
the feed from feed bin to sack for chicken fasting
about 10 hours. After that, clean the house before
catching.

4.3.3 Feed Management

Klong Luang Farm is using an automatic feeder
and has 2 feed bins for each house. The chicken will
eat every morning after the worker fills it. The feed
comes from the central office (feed produce) and
using a truck to bring it, the truck will be cleaned after
they use it. And before the truck enters the farm and
leaves the central office the truck will pass
biosecurity, for the man he should pass the biosecurity
room before entering the farm and change the clothes.
This is how they keep the good quality of feed. At
Klong Luang Farm, the feeders will change every
period. From the starter, grower, and finisher. Depend
on chicken size and age. But for males, they just use
pan feeders while the female use pan feeders and track
feeders. For the drinker, between males and females
used the same nipple drinker but the heights will also
increase with the age.
31
4.4 Hatchery Management
Panus Hatchery hatched Ross breed eggs, from
breeding farms in Klong Luang Breeder Farm, Nonggat
farm, etc. These parents are raised in a state of the art and
climate-controlled system.

4.4.1 Receiving Room

Panus Hatchery receives eggs from the farm 3
times a day, at 11 AM, 2 PM, and 5 PM. After the
eggs are received, the receiving room men will
check the total of the eggs arrived to make the data.
And then, the eggs will be fumigated in the
fumigation room. The fumigation of the egg uses
purple formaldehyde for cleaning the eggs mixed
with clean water in a big bucket, and it will create
fumigation fumes. Fumigation is done for 25
minutes. After finish, wait for 20 minutes, because
the air will flow out.

4.4.2 Cold Room

The cold room is the room for the storage of
the eggs before being in the setter room or
incubation. Panus Hatchery has 3 setter rooms with
a temperature 12-21 C and humidity 70-95%.

32
4.4.3 Setter Room

Section
Car

Figure 7. Setter Room

The setter room is the room for incubatingthe

eggs. Panus hatchery has 3 setter room, consistsof
6 rooms each, and 1 room has 6 sections, 1 section
has 4 cars, and 1 car can contain 4800 eggs. It can
incubate around 11.520 eggs per room. The eggs
will be incubated in a setter room for about 18-19
days. The setter room uses an automatic machine
to make the eggs rotate 45 every one hour. The
temperature in the setter room is 99,9 F with
humidity of 10%. each room has a damper to
exchange the air and automatic brass to spread cold
water when the temperature is too hot.

33
4.4.4 Dark Room

Figure 8. Eggs in Dark Room

The dark room is the room for checking the

eggs after incubated, whether the egg is fertilized
egg or non-fertilized egg. Panus Hatchery has 1
dark room. The fertilized eggs will be placed in the
setter room, while the non-fertilized egg will be
sold to the market.

4.4.5 Hatcher Room

Figure 9. Hatcher Room

34
 Hatcher room is the room for hatching the
DOC. Panus Hatchery has 3 hatcher rooms with 6
rooms each. Eggs in the hatcher room for 2 or 3
days depending on how long the egg was incubated
in the setter room and the total process will be 21
days.

4.4.6 Chicken Room

The chicken room of Panus Hatchery
consists of a packing room and a vaccination
store. Panus Hatchery has 1 big chicken room.
The packing room is the place where the DOC
will be packed in the box. 1 box consists of 102
chicks. In the packing room, workers also divide
the good condition chicks as grade A which will
be packed, and grade B, and also abnormal chicks
which will be killed in the killer machines.

4.4.7 Vaccination Room

The vaccination room is the room for making
the vaccine. There is 1 vaccination room in Panus
Hatchery. The vaccines are stored in the
refrigerator with no light. There is New Castle
Disease vaccine in which the application is a
spray, Marek, and IBD vaccine for the injection
vaccine. The vaccine that already done, will be
taken to vaccine the DOC before being sent to the
client.

35
4.5 Animal Waste
Animal waste system of disposal for waste dead
birds is essential to any poultry farm operation. In Panus
Hatchery the fail DOC will be killed and bury on a tank,
and the waste is also the eggshells, those eggshells will be
carried out by the farmer for fertilizer. And in KlongLuang
Breeder Farm, the chicken with non-tolerated sickness or
the dead chicken will be buried. Some waste will be
processed first before being thrown, and bury as a spray
with disinfectant.

4.6 Animal Welfare

1. Freedom from hunger and thirst

No, because the hatchery sells the chicks day

after day. And in breeder farm, we give feed once
per day at 7 am.

2. Freedom from discomfort

- Using a chicken sponge for vaccination.

-Controlling the chicken room temperature at 25-

31℃

3. Freedom from pain injury and disease

Kill the lowest grade of chicks for not more than

one day.

36
4. Freedom from fear and distress

Smokers are caught in the process of sex to

reduce fear and turn off the lights to keep the
chicks comfortable during employee breaks.

5. Freedom to express normal behavior.

The size of the box to the chicks is 42 cm and

the length is 57 cm according to the genesis
system.

37
 CHAPTER V

CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION

5.1 Conclusion
After around a month did an internship at
Panuspokphand Co., Ltd we got knowledge and
experience about hatchery and breeder management that
can improve our skills as Animal Science students. From
feeding management, close house system, breeding
management, hatchery management also animal welfare
that we should remember. We notice that this company
has high animal welfare, on hatchery also breeder farm.
Short information, it is not only welfare for the animal
but also us as human. With sports activities, singing and
dancing are important things for us. We are so thankful
to Panuspokphand Co., Ltd that gives us an internship
opportunity.

5.2 Recommendation
Based on an internship that the author has done, the
suggestion for Panuspokphand Co., & Ltd. is togive more
attention to breeder chicken health and stress with better
handling, feeding. Panuspokphand Co., & Ltd. has good
technology for breeding management so it makes it easy
to serve many Day-Old Chicken (DOC) when the chick in
the new period. So that, the suggestion is always to keep
38
the quality of breeder broiler chicken and improve the
breeder chicken management according to the
technological developments. And a recommendation for
the faculty of Animal Science Brawijaya University that
internship is be held for two months to get more
experience.

39
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Biosecurity and Poultry Agribusinesses: A
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of Business & Management Science. Vol 3 (7) : 45
– 50.

Aviagen. 2020. Ross 308. [Online]. Accessed on 6th June

2020. <http://en.aviagen.com/brands/ross/products/ross-
308>.

Colin. G.,Scanes., Leasea D. Butler and Michael T. K.

2020. Reproductive Management of Poultry.
Animal Agriculture. Vol 1 (1) : 349 – 366.

Dallin, J and Denton. P. 2017. Backyard Poultry

Biosecurity. Extension USU. Vol 1 (1) : 1 – 6.

Dewanto. P., M. Munadi and Mohammad T. 2019.

Development of an Automatic Broiler Feeding
System using PLC and HMI for Closed House
System. American Scientific Research Journal for
Engineering, Technology, and Sciences (ASRJETS).
Vol 58 (1) : 139 – 149.
Hassan, K., Humayun. K., Sobnon. S., Anowar. H and
Mohammad. M. H. 2016. Management and
Production Performance of Cobb-500 Broiler Parent
Stock Under Open Housing System. AsianAustralas.
J. Biosci. Biotechnol. Vol 1 (1) :66 – 72.

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Hester, P. Y. 2017. Effects of Temperature and Storage
Conditions on Eggs. Egg Innovations and Strategies
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134.
Jha. R., Amit K. S., Sudhir Y., Julio F. D. B and Birendra
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Post-hatch Feeding) as a Strategy to Modulate Gut
Health of Poultry. Frontiers in Veterinary Science.
Vol 6 (82) : 1 – 10.
Mozos. J., Garc´ıa-Ruiz. A. I., den Hartog. L. A., and
Villamide. M. J. 2017. Growth Curve and Diet
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Vol 1 (1) : 2708 – 2717.

Majid. R and Sallahuddin H. 2016. Economic Impact of

Closed House System in Broiler Farm Performance.
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Muharlien., Edhy S., Dyah L. Y., Adelina A. H and Heni

S. P. 2020. Comparative Production Performance of
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Nowak, B., Edward. P., Katarzyna. I., Anna. M and
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Omer, A., Salim. G and Abdelbasit. B. H. 2019.

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42
 APPENDIX

Appendix 1. Monitoring Card of Internship

MONITORING CARD OF INTERNSHIP

AT PANUSPOKPHAND CO., LTD. THAILAND

Name SIN

Reni Suryaningrum 175050107111088

Rifa Naziihah 175050107111139

Program : Animal Science

Date of Implementation : 2nd November 2018 - 1st

December 2018

No. Date Working time Activities

1 2nd November 2018 - Arrived at

Panuspokphand Co.,
&Ltd. and Panus
Hatchery.

43
2 3rd November 2018 08.00 - 17.00 Orientation

3 4th November 2018 - Day Off

4 5th November 2018 08.00 - 17.00 Make vaccine : IBD

+ Marek, and ND

5 6th November 2018 08.00 - 17.00 Select the good

quality of eggs in
Cold Room

6 7thNovember 2018 08.00 - 17.00 Observe the quality

of DOC

7 8th November 2018 08.00 - 17.00 Observe the died

embryo

8 9th November 2018 08.00 - 17.00 Select the

unfertilized eggs in
Dark Room

9 10th November 08.00 - 17.00 Cold Room and

2018 Chemical Room

10 11th November - Day Off

2018

11 12th November 08.00 - 17.00 Labelling box of

2018 DOC

12 13th November 08.00 - 17.00 Make vaccine : IBD

44
 2018 + Marek, and ND

13 14th November 08.00 - 17.00 Pest controlling and

2018 water system

14 15th November 08.00 - 17.00 Move DOCs to the

2018 box in Chicken
Room

15 16th November 08.00 - 17.00 Fumigation

2018

16 17th November 08.00 - 17.00 Generator

2018

17 18th November - Arrived at Breeder

2018 Farm in Klong
Luang

18 19th November 07.00 - 17.00 Judging the BCS of

2018 breeder chicken at
H7, H9, and H11.

19 20th November 08.00 - 12.00 Teacher visit at big

2018 office

20 21st November 07.00 - 17.00 Feeding at H7

2018

21 22nd November 07.00 - 17.00 Vaccination at H9

45
 2018

22 23rd November 07.00 - 17.00 Feeding at H7 and

2018 separating the small
chickens and big
chickens at H9

23 24th November 07.00 - 17.00 Feeding at H6 and

2018 vaccination at H6

24 25th November - Day Off

2018

25 26th November 07.00 - 17.00 Vaccinationat H4

2018

26 27th November 07.00 - 17.00 Vaccinationat H3

2018

27 28th November 07.00 - 17.00 Take the eggs at H11

2018

28 29th November 07.00 - 17.00 Vaccination at H1

2018 and judging BCS of
breeder chicken at
H3, H4, H5, and H6

29 30th November 07.00 - 17.00 Feeding at H7,

2018 drinker vaccination
at H7 and H9, and
separating the small
46
 chickens and big
chickens at H9

30 1stDecember 2018 08.00 - 10.00 Feedmill tour

Table 7. Monitoring Card of Internship at

Panuspokphand Co., Ltd.

47
Appendix2.Documentation in Panus Hatchery

a b

c d

e f

a) Biosecurity

b) Receiving eggs from breeder farm

48
c) Making vaccine

d) DOC picked up by customer

e) Vaccination

f) Uniform in Panus Hatchery (the location of the picture

is in cold room)

49
Appendix 3. Documentation in Klong Luang Farm

a b

c d

e f

50
a) Silo for automatic feeder in the house

b) Feeding process

c) Preparing for vaccination

d) Take the eggs

e) Checking the house environmental condition

f) Uniform in Klong Luang Breeder Farm

51