47 Fuel Inerting

A330
TECHNICAL TRAINING MANUAL

MECHANICAL COURSE - T1 (LVL 2&3) (GE CF6)
FUEL INERTING
This document must be used for training purposes only
Under no circumstances should this document be used as a reference
It will not be updated.

A330 TECHNICAL TRAINING MANUAL
FUEL INERTING
Fuel Tank Inerting System D/O (3) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
Conditioned Service Air System D/O (3) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
Inert Gas Generation System D/O (3) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
MECHANICAL COURSE - T1 (LVL 2&3) (GE CF6) TABLE OF CONTENTS September 2019
47 - FUEL INERTING Page 1 of 26
FUEL TANK INERTING SYSTEM D/O (3)

The IGGS removes the Oxygen Enriched Air (OEA) from the air flow
INTRODUCTION and sends it overboard. The IGGS makes Nitrogen Enriched Air (NEA)
which is sent into the fuel tank.
The Fuel Tank Inerting System (FTIS) is a Flammability Reduction
The CSAS Controller Unit (CCU) and the IGGS Controller Unit (ICU)
Means to decrease the risk of fire and explosion in the fuel center tank.
control the FTIS automatically. The aircraft crew does not operate the
To do this, the FTIS causes inert conditions in the tank. The air is made
FTIS.
up of 78% nitrogen, 21% oxygen and 1% other gases.
The fuel tank is inert when the average oxygen concentration:
- is less than 12% from sea level to a maximum altitude of 3048 m,
- is between 12% at 3048 m and 14.5% at 12192 m,
- decreases linearly for altitudes above 12192 m.
The FTIS operates automatically when these conditions occurs:
- Bleed air is available from ENG 1, ENG 2 or the two engines.
- Weight On Wheels (WOW) is not sensed: NLG not compressed.
- Environmental Control System (ECS) in operation.
- IGGS Latch status: not latched.
- The temperature of the air stream that goes into the IGGS is less than
47°C (116.60°F).
- No ENG 1 FIRE condition.
The FTIS has three Nitrogen Enriched Air (NEA) modes:
- Low Flow, during the climb and cruise phases, with the lowest oxygen
levels and the highest nitrogen level to the fuel tank,
- Mid Flow, during the approach phase to keep the bleed air during the
slow descent phase,
- High Flow, during the usual descent phase, because of the higher oxygen
level in the ambient air that goes into the fuel tank through the vent
system.
The FTIS includes two sub-systems:
- the Conditioned Service Air System (CSAS) that includes the
Temperature Control Module (TCM) - ATA 21-58,
- the Inert Gas Generation System (IGGS) that includes the Inert Gas
Distribution System (IGDS) - ATA 47-00.
The CSAS supplies the IGGS with air at the correct temperature, pressure
and flow.
MECHANICAL COURSE - T1 (LVL 2&3) (GE CF6) FUEL TANK INERTING SYSTEM D/O (3) September 2019
INTRODUCTION
INTRODUCTION
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CONDITIONED SERVICE AIR SYSTEM D/O (3)

- a CSAS heat exchanger,
CSAS DESCRIPTION AND OPERATION - a hot air bypass valve,
- a Temperature sensor,
The CSAS includes the components that follow:
- a CSAS Outlet Pressure Sensor.
- The Conditioned service air system Controller Unit (CCU) does the
system control and health monitoring BITE and has interfaces with the CSAS HEAT EXCHANGER
aircraft computers (FWS, CMS, SDAC) and system (ENG1 Fire The CSAS heat exchanger is installed in the ram air channel, upstream
Push-button). of the Pack 1 heat exchanger.
- The CSAS isolation valve gives protection to the system if the pressure
is too low or too high or if the temperature is too high HOT AIR BYPASS VALVE
- The Temperature Control Module (TCM) supplies a temperature of The hot air bypass valve adds hot air to the cold air, downstream of
60°C +/-6°C. the heat exchanger, to adjust the temperature.
The CSAS controller controls the FTIS system, operates the valves and The hot air bypass valve actuator is a stepper motor that moves a
monitors the air temperature and air pressure. butterfly type valve from its open to its closed position.
The CSAS operates only during flight conditions. The CSAS controller operates the hot air bypass valve.
During operation, the CSAS receives bleed air from the pneumatic air
distribution system. TEMPERATURE SENSOR
The APU or a Ground Cart supply can be used for test on Ground. A dual element temperature sensor monitors the temperature of the
conditioned air in the duct before it flows to the Inert Gas Generation
CSAS ISOLATION VALVE System. The temperature sensor transmits this data to the CSAS
The CSAS isolation valve is a solenoid-controlled, pneumatically controller.
operated butterfly valve. It controls the airflow in the TCM.
When there is no bleed air pressure or no electrical power, the CSAS CSAS OUTLET PRESSURE SENSOR
isolation valve closes automatically and stops the system. A pressure sensor monitors the pressure of the conditioned air in the
duct before it flows to the Inert Gas Generation System.
OZONE CONVERTER The pressure sensor is installed between the temperature sensor and
The ozone converter is installed between the CSAS Isolation Valve the inlet of the inert gas generation system.
and the Heat Exchanger. It uses a catalytic process to decrease the The sensor transmits this data to the CSAS controller.
ozone concentration of the airflow and thus gives protection to the
Air Separation Module (ASM) fibers. ABNORMAL PROCEDURES
If the pressure or the temperature is too high, the CSAS isolation valve
TEMPERATURE AND PRESSURE CONTROL closes to stop the system.
The air temperature is controlled by the Temperature Control Module
(TCM), which includes:
MECHANICAL COURSE - T1 (LVL 2&3) (GE CF6) CONDITIONED SERVICE AIR SYSTEM D/O (3) September 2019
MAINTENANCE OPERATION
There are two interactive BITE test modes:
- System test without bleed air: this test is used to do a check of the
electrical integrity of the system. To do this, signals are sent to or received
from the different components.
- System test with bleed air: this test is used to do a check of the electrical
integrity of the system and a check of the behavior of the valves at low,
middle and high flows.
The initial conditions are:
- Auxiliary Power Unit (APU) or ground supply,
- Pack1 ON and Pack2 OFF,
- Cross-bleed valve closed.
CSAS DESCRIPTION AND OPERATION ... MAINTENANCE OPERATION
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INERT GAS GENERATION SYSTEM D/O (3)

IGGS DESCRIPTION
The IGGS has the components that follow:
- The IGGS Controller Unit (ICU) supplies system health monitoring
and BITE. The ICU uses an ARINC 429 bus for its communications with
the CSAS Controller Unit (CCU), the Air Data/Inertial Reference Units
(ADIRU1&3) and the Centralized Maintenance System (CMS),.
- The Double-Ultra Low Particle Air (D-ULPA) Filter cleans the air that
goes into the Air Separator Modules.
- Two Air Separation Modules (ASM) are used for the separation of
Nitrogen and Oxygen.
The Inert Gas Distribution System (IGDS) supplies the NEA from the
IGGS to the fuel tank and prevents fuel ingress from the fuel tank back
to the IGGS.
The IGDS has the components that follow:
- an Isolation Gate Valve (GV),
- a Dual Flow and Shut-Off Valve (DFSOV),
- a Dual-Flapper Check Valve,
- an In-Tank Housing.
The Inert Gas Indicating System (IGIS) supplies the IGGS Controller
Unit with temperature, pressure and oxygen concentration from the
components that follow:
- a Temperature Sensor,
- a Pressure Sensor,
- an Oxygen Sensor related to a pressure sensor.
The IGGS components are installed on an IGGS Pallet that will be
installed on aircraft as a complete assembly. But the ICU, the Dual Flapper
Check Valve and the In-tank Housing are not installed on an IGGS pallet.
The IGGS Controller Unit (ICU) controls the system and uses the ARINC
429 protocol for its communications with the CSAS Controller Unit
(CCU) and the Air Data/Inertial Reference Unit 1&3 (ADIRU1&3).
MECHANICAL COURSE - T1 (LVL 2&3) (GE CF6) INERT GAS GENERATION SYSTEM D/O (3) September 2019
IGGS DESCRIPTION

IGGS COMPONENTS DESCRIPTION AND OPERATION
ISOLATION GATE VALVE (IGV)
The Isolation Gate Valve is an electro pneumatic valve installed
downstream of the IGGS pallet inlet and upstream of the filter.
The IGV prevents contact of hot air with fuel or fuel vapor if the
CSAS is too hot.
The IGV is controlled to close in the conditions that follow:
- The temperature sensed by the IGGS temperature sensor T2,
upstream of the ASM, is too high (temp > 85°C).
- The pressure sensed by the IGGS pressure sensor P2, upstream of
the ASM, is too low (pressure < 15 psig).
- A CSAS controller signal causes the shutdown of the FTIS.
The IGV has a closed-position indication switch that gives input to
the IGGS Controller Unit for monitoring and fault detection.
It also has a mechanical visual indicator (pop-out) used for the
troubleshooting.
D-ULPA FILTER
The bleed air that comes from the CSAS goes through the D-ULPA
filter. This filter removes the hydrocarbons and dust from the bleed
air before the air goes into the ASM.
Downstream of the D-ULPA filter, a temperature sensor T2 and a
pressure sensor P2 send the airflow parameters to the ICU.
IGGS COMPONENTS DESCRIPTION AND OPERATION - ISOLATION GATE VALVE (IGV) & D-ULPA FILTER

done one after the other with unsatisfactory results, a fault message
IGGS COMPONENTS DESCRIPTION AND OPERATION is sent.
(continued)
AIR SEPARATION MODULE (ASM)
The IGGS Pallet has 2 ASMs (3 ASMs on A340-500/600).
The ASM, which is the core of the IGGS, removes the oxygen from
the air flow and sends the NEA to the fuel center tank. The OEA is
sent overboard through an outlet.
The Air Separator Modules (ASM) have two pressure containment
canisters that contain a bundle made of hundreds of thousands of
hollow fibers with semi-permeable membrane and of very small
diameter.
The ASM inlet temperature is 60 °C with an overheat threshold of
85°C (185°F).
The ASM inlet pressure can change between 20 and 60 psi.
OXYGEN SENSOR
One time during each flight, during the health-monitoring interval,
the O2 sensor monitors the oxygen concentration in the NEA flow,
downstream of the ASM.
The ICU uses the oxygen concentration data to calculate the FTIS
general performance.
The oxygen sensor measures the oxygen rate to prevent a high oxygen
concentration in the fuel center tank.
The oxygen sensor has a pressure sensing capability. It sense and
prevents an over-pressure build-up in the center tank.
Oxygen sensor Monitoring:
The ICU monitors the oxygen sensor one time during each flight. An
FTIS shutdown will not occur.
Steady state flight conditions are necessary for a minimum of 9
minutes 45 sec in cruise to complete the test.
If the steady state is not completed, an unsatisfactory Health
Monitoring Test is recorded. When 8 Health Monitoring Tests are
IGGS COMPONENTS DESCRIPTION AND OPERATION - AIR SEPARATION MODULE (ASM) & OXYGEN SENSOR

(continued)
DUAL FLOW SHUT OFF VALVE
The DFSOV uses two solenoid-operated poppets to supply the
applicable NEA flow to the fuel center tank. The IGGS Controller
Unit supplies 28VDC to the two DFSOV solenoids to set the DFSOV
to the applicable flow position. This position changes for the different
A/C flight phases.
The DFSOV sets the NEA to high flow during descent, mid flow
during approach, low flow during climb or cruise, and no flow or off
when the aircraft is on the ground.
The DFSOV is normally closed (solenoids not energized) when the
FTIS does not operate. The valve is designed to be failsafe in the
closed position. Thus the valve is normally closed when there is a low
upstream pressure (20psig maximum) or a solenoid failure.
The valve has switches that show the fully-closed/not fully-closed
position (one switch for each poppet). The switches are used by the
IGGS controller to monitor the DFSOV operation for system
monitoring and fault detection.
The valve also has a mechanical visual position indicator on each
poppet for line maintenance troubleshooting.
If an abnormal situation occurs, the DFSOV is used to isolate the
IGGS from the center fuel tank if:
- the ASM inlet pressure P2 is less than 15 psi (1.0342 bar),
- and/or the ASM inlet temperature T2 is higher than 85°C (185.00
deg.F).
IGGS COMPONENTS DESCRIPTION AND OPERATION - DUAL FLOW SHUT OFF VALVE

(continued)
DUAL FLAPPER CHECK VALVE
A Dual Flapper Check Valve makes a double barrier to prevent fuel
ingress from the fuel tank back to the IGGS and prevent fuel leakage
out of the tank.
The valve includes two in-line flapper type check valves (Dual flapper
check valves) installed on the outer side of the fuel tank wall.
The Dual Flapper Check Valve (DFCV) is installed on top of the
center tank.
The In-Tank Housing (ITH) is installed in the center tank, immediately
below the DFCV. This is a second protection that stops the NEA flow
and prevents fuel leakage.
You can do the Dual Flapper Check Valve test to do a check of the
pressure drop. This pressure drop can show a leak path in the DFCV
and the upper center tank double skin panel. The test is correct if there
is no pressure drop. A Test set tool and a DFCV test port adaptor are
necessary to do the test (see AMM).
IGGS COMPONENTS DESCRIPTION AND OPERATION - DUAL FLAPPER CHECK VALVE

(continued)
IGGS CONTROLLER UNIT (ICU)
The ICU functions are:
- to monitor the health of the IGGS equipment, but not of the
Dual-Flapper Check Valve (DFCV),
- to set the Nitrogen Enriched Air (NEA) flow mode (low, high or
middle),
- to give protection from temperatures too high,
- to give protection from pressures too high and too low,
- to send the IGGS condition reports to the CSAS,
- to do the power-up BITE Test,
- to do the BITE for the IGGS electrical and electronic equipment,
- to do a check of the oxygen sensor status (one time during cruise
phase),
- to monitor the Air Separator Modules (ASM) status (O2 sensor check
result).
The ICU uses an ARINC signal for its communications with the CCU
for condition monitoring and analog input/output signals from/to the
sensors for operation. The ICU receives the Standard Altitude, True
Airspeed, Total Air Temperature and Altitude Rate signals from the
ADIRU 1&3.
The ICU has interfaces with the Fuel Control and Monitoring
Computers (FCMC 1&2).
The CCU is used as an interface between the ICU, the FWS and the
CMS.
IGGS COMPONENTS DESCRIPTION AND OPERATION - IGGS CONTROLLER UNIT (ICU)

- a class 1 ECAM message FUEL INERTING SYS FAULT is sent.
FTIS OPERATION This message refers to MEL entry 47-10: FUEL INERTING SYS
FAULT.
NORMAL OPERATION
The FTIS operates automatically when these conditions occur: MAINTENANCE OPERATION
- Bleed air is available from ENG 1 ON or ENG 2 ON with the Cross
Bleed valve open. The CSAS has a normal mode (failure message transmission, BITE status
- The Weight On Wheels (WOW) is not sensed: NLG not compressed. transmission) and an interactive mode. With the interactive mode, you
- The Environmental Control System (ECS) is in operation: Flow can:
Control Valve 1 (FCV) is not Fully Closed, or FCV 2 is not Fully - do a system test without bleed air,
Closed and Cross Bleed Valve is open. - do a system test with bleed air,
- The IGGS Latch status is not latched. - get troubleshooting data,
- The temperature of the air flow that goes into the IGGS is less than - get fault reports.
47°C (116.60 °F). The FTIS deactivation is not possible.
- There is no ENG 1 FIRE condition.
ABNORMAL OPERATION
When the ICU senses a fault, it sends a signal to the CCU, which then
sends a signal to the Flight Warning Computers (FWC1 and FWC2).
The CCU and ICU can each use the signals from their sensors to cause
an FTIS shutdown.
If the pressure or the temperature is too high, the ICU de-energizes
the solenoid to close the IGGS Isolation Gate Valve.
If the pressure is too low, the ICU de-energizes the solenoids to close
the Dual Flow Shut Off Valve.
If the oxygen sensor senses an oxygen rate higher than 12%, the ICU
de-energizes the solenoids to close the IGGS Isolation Gate Valves
and the DFSOV.
If the ICU or the CCU senses a failure of the system or of the
components above, it immediately causes a latch of the system and:
- the CIV, DFSOV & Isolation Gate Valve close automatically,
- a cockpit indication is shown during Flight Phase 1 or 10,
FTIS OPERATION & MAINTENANCE OPERATION

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A330

TECHNICAL TRAINING MANUAL

Under no circumstances should this document be used as a reference

It will not be updated.

FUEL TANK INERTING SYSTEM D/O (3)

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CONDITIONED SERVICE AIR SYSTEM D/O (3)

CSAS DESCRIPTION AND OPERATION ... MAINTENANCE OPERATION

CSAS DESCRIPTION AND OPERATION ... MAINTENANCE OPERATION

CSAS DESCRIPTION AND OPERATION ... MAINTENANCE OPERATION

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INERT GAS GENERATION SYSTEM D/O (3)

INERT GAS GENERATION SYSTEM D/O (3)

INERT GAS GENERATION SYSTEM D/O (3)

INERT GAS GENERATION SYSTEM D/O (3)

INERT GAS GENERATION SYSTEM D/O (3)

IGGS COMPONENTS DESCRIPTION AND OPERATION - DUAL FLAPPER CHECK VALVE

INERT GAS GENERATION SYSTEM D/O (3)

IGGS COMPONENTS DESCRIPTION AND OPERATION - IGGS CONTROLLER UNIT (ICU)

INERT GAS GENERATION SYSTEM D/O (3)

FTIS OPERATION & MAINTENANCE OPERATION

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