GATE 2007 – Question Paper

TF: Textile Engineering and Fiber Science

Below questions carry ONE Mark

1. The process of drawing of as-spun filaments to impart orientation is typically carried out at temperature

a. Just above glass transition (Tg) b. Near melting point (Tm) c. Below Tg d. Near softening point

2. The increase in strength of cotton fibres as a result of increase in moisture regain is due to

a. Decrease in hydrogen bonds b. Increase in crystallinity

c. Increase in orientation d. Increase in both crystallinity and orientation

3. Poly-condensation reaction typically occurs due to the presence of

a. One functional group b. Two functional group c. Low temperature d. Addition of a compound

4. On a carding machine

a. Doffer wire point height is more than that of cylinder b. Doffer wire point height is less than that of cylinder

c. Doffer and cylinder wire point heights are the same d. Doffer and Licker-in wire point heights are the same

5. Six slivers are doubled together and given three passages on draw frame. The number of doubling is

a. 9 b. 18 c. 216 d. 486

6. Out of the following, the technology that produces S & Z twists in the same yarn is

a. Rotor spinning b. Ring spinning c. Warp spinning d. Self twist spinning

7. Yarn tension during unwinding from a cop is

a. High at full cop and low at empty cop b. Constant irrespective of stage of unwinding

c. Low at full cop and high at empty cop d. Highest at the beginning, decreases gradually and rises again

8. With an increase in the sizing machine speed, size add-on would

a. Increase b. Decrease c. Remain constant d. Increase initially and then decreases

9. The stress on warp yarn in a rapier weaving machine is NOT caused by

a. Initial set up stress b. Shed formation c. Reed beat up d. Weight of rapier head

10. Bleaching of cotton fabrics is commercially done using

a. Sodium Bisulphite b. Sodium Chlorate c. Sodium Chlorite d. Sodium Chloride

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 GATE 2007 – Question Paper
TF: Textile Engineering and Fiber Science
11. The typical enzyme/s used for desizing is/are

a. Peptidase b. Cellulase c. Mixture of Pertidase and Cellulase d. Amylase

12. The direct dyes, under the conditions of dyeing, are

a. Cationic b. Anionic c. Nonionic d. Amphoteric

13. Bursting strength is normally expressed in

a. N b. N.m c. N.m2 d. Pa

14. If d is the number of a fibre, its flexural rigidity is proportional to

a. d b. d2 c. d3 d. d4

15. Uniformity ratio (%) of cotton is in the range of

a. 40-50 b. 60-70 c. 80-90 d. 90-100

Below Question Carries TWO Marks

16. Nylon 6 polymer is produced from caprolactum. The catalyst used in the process is

a. Magnesium Acetate b. Cobalt Acetate c. Acetic Acid d. Water

17. Match the elements of Group I and Group II and choose the correct answer from amongst A, B, C, and D

Group I Group II

P Polyester fibres 1 Melt spinning

Q Acrylic fibres 2 Dry spinning
R Nylon fibres 3 Wet spinning
S Viscose rayon fibres 4 Xanthation
5 Drawing
6 Coagulation
a. P4-Q2-R1-S6 b. P1-Q3-R5-S4 c. P5-Q6-R4-S5 d. P6-Q5-R2-S3

18. Choose the INCORRECT statement from the following

a. Thermal stability of fibres can be measured by thermo-gravimetric analysis

b. Orientation of crystalline regions can be measured by optical microscopy
c. Crystallinity of fibres can be measured by differential scanning calorimetery
d. Crystallinity of fibres can be measured by X ray diffraction

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 GATE 2007 – Question Paper
TF: Textile Engineering and Fiber Science
19. Bulking of the filaments CANNOT be achieved by
a. False twist texturing process b. Non circular cross sections of individual filaments
c. Differential shrinkage of biconstituent yarn d. Thermo-mechanical setting under taut conditions
20. With respect to the typical tensile behavior of polyester multifilament yarns
a. Increase in the rate of testing leads to increase in initial modulus
b. Increase in temperature of testing leads to increase in strength
c. Increase in moisture regain leads to increase in initial modulus
d. Increase in temperature of testing leads to increase in initial modulus
21. Nylon 6 and Nylon 66 filaments can be distinguished by
a. Melting point test b. Burning test c. Optical microscopy d. Density measurement

22. The main distinguish features of a hallow circular filament to that of a solid circular filament of the same
denier are

a. Higher bending rigidity and higher surface area b. Higher thermal insulation and lower surface area
c. Lower bending rigidity and higher surface area d. Higher moisture regain and higher surface area
23. A polypropylene cord has estimated breaking length of approximately 60 km in air. The estimated breaking
length of the cord in water would be
a. 0 km b. 60 km c. 180 km d. ∞

24. Quenching of textile grade POY polyester multi-filaments in the melt spinning process is typically achieved
by

a. Inflow of air b. Outflow of air c. Cross flow of air d. Water spray

25. The contraction of a yarn upon twisting is 1.07. The twisted yarn count is 30 tex. If 2 dtex fibres are used to
produce the yarn, the number of fibres present in yarn cross section is

a. 140 b. 145 c. 150 d. 160

26. During spinning of a yarn on ring frame, the yarn tension is maximum at

a. Lappet guide b. Maximum balloon radius c. Traveller d. Front roller nip

27. To produce a soft and flexible yarn, one needs

a. Fine fibres and high twist b. Coarse fibres and high twist

c. Fine fibres and low twist d. Coarse fibres and low twist

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 GATE 2007 – Question Paper
TF: Textile Engineering and Fiber Science
28. In the context of staple fibre spinning, choose the correct statement

a. The flyer rotates faster than the bobbin in a bobbin leading speed frame
b. The traveller runs at the speed of the spindle in ring frame
c. The vortex created by jets 1 & 2 rotate in the same direction in air jet spinning
d. The peel-off point in rotor spinning rotates faster than rotor
29. Placing a condenser in the drafting zone leads to increase in
a. Nep generation b. Fly generation c. Yarn hairiness d. Yarn evenness

30. Out of the following spinning systems, in which case the fibres get decelerated as they travel from feed to
yarn formation point

a. Ring spinning b. Parafil spinning c. Air-jet spinning d. Friction spinning

31. The waste extraction in blow room, card and comber are 6%, 4% and 16% respectively. The weight of
combed sliver (kg) from 1 kg of cotton from bale would be

a. 0.720 b. 0.740 c. 0.758 d. 0.765

32. Consider the following statements pertaining to irregularity generated in sliver after drafting

P The irregularity increases with decrease in draft

Q The irregularity increases with increase in short fibre %
R The irregularity increases with increase in distance between roller nips
S The irregularity increases with increase in unevenness of fed sliver
The sett of correct statement is

a. P, Q, R b. P, R, S c. Q, R, S d. P, Q, S

33. Match the elements of Group I and Group II and choose the correct answer from amongst A, B, C, and D
Group I Group II
P Increase in short fibre % would 1 Increase wrapper fibres in rotor yarn
Q Increase in non-circularity of fibre 2 Increase yarn bulk cross section would
R Increase in fibre length would 3 Increase yarn hairiness
S Increase in fibre fineness would 4 Increase spinning limt
a. P3-Q2-R1-S4 b. P2-Q1-R3-S4 c. P1-Q3-R4-S2 d. P1-Q4-R2-S1

34. In the context of winding, occurrence of slough off increases with

a. Increase in winding speed, decrease in cone angle, decrease in chase length, increase in coils per cm
b. Increase in winding speed, increase in cone angle, decrease in chase length, increase in coils per cm
c. Decrease in winding speed, decrease in cone angle, increase in chase length, decrease in coils per cm
d. Increase in winding speed, decrease in cone angle, increase in chase length, decrease in coils per cm

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 GATE 2007 – Question Paper
TF: Textile Engineering and Fiber Science
35. In a winding operation if E is clearing efficiency, K is knot factor and n is number of objectionable faults
presents in yarn, then total number of clearer breaks occurring on the machine would be
a. EKn b. EK/n c. En/K d. En2K

36. Match the elements of Group I and Group II and choose the correct answer from amongst A, B, C, and D

Group I Group II

P Gabardine 1 Table napery

Q Leno 2 Tweed
R Damask 3 Rain coat
S Huckaback 4 Mosquito net
5 Towel
6 Cheese cloth
a. P4-Q6-R5-S3 b. P3-Q4-R1-S5 c. P5-Q4-R2-S1 d. P3-Q6-R4-S1

37. Sizing of spun yarn normally does not

a. Increase yarn strength b. Reduced yarn hairiness c. Increase yarn extension d. Improves weavability

38. Consider the following statements in the context of a plain weft knitted structure and choose the
INCORRECT statement

a. With increase in loop length areal density decreases b. With increase in loop length fabric width increases
c. With increase in loop length fabric length increases d. With increase in loop length tightness factor increases
39. Match the elements of Group I and Group II and choose the correct answer from amongst A, B, C, and D
Group I Group II

P Wet laid 1 Coarse fibre

Q Spun lace 2 Hollow fibre
R Spun bonded 3 Short fibre
S Needle punched 4 Thermoplastic fibre
5 Very flexible fibre
6 Natural fibre
a. P2-Q6-R4-S3 b. P3-Q5-R4-S1 c. P4-Q3-R2-S3 d. P5-Q3-R6-S2

40. An increase in size add-on

a. Consistently increases weavability b. Consistently decreases weavability

c. Increases weavability up to a certain limit then decreases d. Does not change weavability

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 GATE 2007 – Question Paper
TF: Textile Engineering and Fiber Science
41. Loom shed efficiency due to warp stop increases in the case of
a. Wider loom b. Uneven warp c. Heavy sett d. Less hairy warp

42. What will be the approximate crimp percentage for a square fabric if thread spacing is equal to the sum of
the diameters of warp and weft threads?

a. 4.3 b. 10.3 c. 14.3 d. 18.3

43. Match the elements of Group I and Group II and choose the correct answer from amongst A, B, C, and D

Group I Group II

P Optical brightening agent 1 Stilbene based compound

Q Reducing agent 2 Cationic compound
R Oxidizing agent 3 Sodium bisulfite
S Dye fixing agent 4 Sodium hypochlorite
5 Sodium hydrosulfite
6 Hydrogen peroxide
a. P1-Q3-R4-S2 b. P6-Q3-R4-S1 c. P2-Q3-R4-S5 d. P1-Q6-R4-S2

44. Wool scouring is normally done

a. In fibre form b. In organic solvent c. At boil in the presence of caustic soda d. In fabric form

45. The dye bath of solubilized vat dyes has

a. Alkaline pH b. Neutral pH c. Alkali and reducing agent d. A reducing agent

46. Sodium hydrosulphite is not recommended for discharge printing because

a. Discharge printing requires high reduction potential

b. It reacts with the print paste
c. It needs temperature in excess of 1500c to be effective
d. For discharge printing one needs more hydrolytically stable agent than this
47. Ice colors are
a. Suitable for garments meant for Antarctica
b. Azoic colors
c. Triphenyl methane based dyes
d. Liquid crystalline colors which develop characteristics color at temperature below zero

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 GATE 2007 – Question Paper
TF: Textile Engineering and Fiber Science
48. Determine the correctness or otherwise of the following assertion (a) & reason (r)
Assertion: For producing denims, indigo dyeing is carried out on yarns and not on fabrics

Reason: This helps to make twill denims using undyed weft to obtain predominantly blue face and white back
so that undergarments are not stained during use

a. (a) is wrong, (r) is correct b. (a) is correct, (r) is wrong

c. (a) is wrong, (r) is wrong d. (a) is correct, (r) is correct
49. Determine the correctness or otherwise of the following assertion (a) & reason (r)
Assertion: Citric acid does not produce cross links on cotton while butane tetra carboxylic acid (BTCA) does

Reason: It is because citric acid is a tricarboxylic acid and can’t produce two anhydride groups which are
essential for producing crosslinks

a. (a) is wrong, (r) is correct b. (a) is correct, (r) is wrong

c. (a) is wrong, (r) is wrong d. (a) is correct, (r) is correct
50. On a drape meter, the area of projected image of draped fabric of 30 cm diameter kept on an anvil of 18 cm
diameter was measured as 362 cm2. The drape coefficient of the fabric is approximately
a. 0.6 b. 0.7 c. 0.8 d. 0.9

51. A yarn specimen of 200 mm extends by 10% when loaded with 500 cN force. Percentage elastic recovery of
yarn is

a. 30 b. 50 c. 70 d. 90

52. With 500 mm specimen length, strain rate (% per min) on a tensile with 5 m/min jaw speed would be

a. 500 b. 1000 c. 5000 d. 10000

53. On a classimat, as compared to the yarn fault B2, the fault D3 is

a. Thinner and longer b. Thicker and longer

c. Thinner and shorter d. Thicker and shorter
54. Eight ends of slivers, each having a CV of 6%, are doubled and drawn to produce the resultant sliver of
same hank. If the dawn introduces 2.12% CV, the CV% of resultant sliver would approximately
a. 3 b. 6 c. 9 d. 12

55. Moisture regain of wool, silk and viscose at 65% RH are 17%, 11% and 11% respectively. Weight of water
in 100 gm of fabric at 65% RH having 50% wool, 25% silk and 25% viscose would be approximately

a. 6.66 g b. 9.99 g c. 12.22 g d. 15.55 g

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 GATE 2007 – Question Paper
TF: Textile Engineering and Fiber Science
Common Data Question

Five grams of 1.5 denier polyester fibre of density 1.39 g/cm3 is packed in a cylinder of 30 mm diameter with
perforated ends to make a fibre plug of 20 mm length

56. Percentage porosity of the plug would be approximately

a. 25 b. 50 c. 75 d. 100

57. If 1.2 denier fibre is tested in place of 1.5 denier fibre, the percentage change in the flow rate would be

a. 20 b. 30 c. 40 d. 50

58. Change in the total length of fibre in meters packed in the plug, when 1.5 denier fibre is replaced with 1.2
denier fibre, would be

a. 5000 b. 7500 c. 10000 d. 12500

A durable press cotton fabric has 6% add-on of DMDHEU. Assume that the molecular weight of anhydro
glucose unit (agu) and the reaction efficiency (%) are 162 and 100 respectively

59. The nitrogen add-on (%) is approximately

a. 0.88 b. 1.18 c. 1.38 d. 1.58

60. The number of crosslinks per agu is approximately

a. 0.007 b. 0.07 c. 0.7 d. 7.0

Given the length of crystalline region as 90 A, crystalline density of polyester as 1.445g/cc and amorphous
density as 1.335g/cc

61. If the density of polyester fibres is 1.339 g/cc, the fractional density crystallinity of polyester would be
approximately

a. 0.54 b. 0.57 c. 0.60 d. 0.63

62. Assuming a linear two phase model of crystalline and amorphous regions for these fibres, the amorphous
length would be

a. 50 A b. 60 A c. 70 A d. 80 A

A 46 mm diameter rotor is spinning 60 tex yarn at 100 m/min. The trash level in feed sliver is 0.2%. The
opening roller can clean the sliver to the extent of 70%. The self cleaning effect of the yarn arm within the rotor
is 50%

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 GATE 2007 – Question Paper
TF: Textile Engineering and Fiber Science
63. Trash deposition (mg/cm of rotor circumference) after 1 min will be

a. 0.1245 b. 0.1320 c. 0.1420 d. 0.1485

64. In an interruption in spinning is expected once the deposition attains 0.2 mg/cm in the rotor groove, number
of end breaks expected in 8 hours is

a. 260 b. 290 c. 299 d. 312

In a jacquard harness system, the vertical distance between the bottom end of the central hook and the comber
board is 140 cm

65. The length of the harness cord (cm) controlling an end, operated by the same hook at a distance of 75 cm
from the centre of the machine, would be approximately

a. 65.8 b. 158.8 c. 215.8 d. 315.8

66. If the required shed depth of this machine is 7cm, the percentage loss in shed depth at the same side harness
operated by the same hook would be approximately

a. 13.3 b. 12.3 c. 11.3 d. 10.3

A cotton fabric (110 GSM, 1m wide) is to dyed by pad-dry-bake sequence (wet expression 100%) on a machine
running at 50 m/min. The volume of the padding liquor (V:l) is kept constant by continuous replanishing

67. If the dye is being picked at a rate 1.2 times the rate when there is no tailing effect, the concentration (g/l) of
the dye bath at equilibrium would be approximately (assume that the concentration of replenishing liqour is the
same as that of the initial concentration (Co; g/l) of the dye bath)

a. 1.25 Co b. 0.83 Co c. 0.62 Co d. 0.54 Co

68. If the dye bath concentration is to be kept constant at the original level Co, the concentration (g/l) of the
replenishing liquor would be

a. 2.0 Co b. 1.6 Co c. 1.2 Co d. 0.8 Co

36 Ne cotton yarn is used to produce a square fabric of 101 GSM, having 10% yarn crimp

69. Number of threads per cm in the fabric is approximately

a. 14 b. 28 c. 42 d. 56

70. Percentage of area covered by yarn in the fabric is approximately

a. 50 b. 65 c. 80 d. 95

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