Worksheet Ib HL - Chapter A2.1& 2.2

WORKSHEET A.2.1 &2.
2
1. What type of cell is shown in the image?
 A. A eukaryotic cell because it contains mitochondria
 B. A prokaryotic cell because it has a plasma membrane
 C. A eukaryotic cell because it does not have a nucleus
 D. A prokaryotic cell because it contains ribosomes
2. How do prokaryotic cells divide?
 A. Mitosis
 B. Meiosis
 C. Binary fission
 D. Budding
3. Which row in the table correctly identifies structures which are present (✓✓) or absent (××) in
prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?
4. These photographs show the same section of a human retina. What is the reason for the difference between
the two diagrams?
 A. The photograph on the right was taken using an electron microscope.

 B. The photograph on the right is at a higher resolution.
 C. The photograph on the right is at a higher magnification.
 D. The photograph on the right shows the ultrastructure of the cells.
5. Which statement(s) about cell structure is/are not true?
 I. Prokaryotic cells have a compartmentalised structure.

 II. Only eukaryotic cells have a Golgi apparatus.
 III. Only eukaryotic cells have membrane-bound organelles.
 A. II only
 B. I only
 C. II and III only
 D. I, II and III
6. Which part of the cell is labelled with the letter P?
 A. Vacuole
 B. Lysosome
 C. Nucleoid
 D. Nucleus
7. What do the two labelled organelles have in common?


A. They are surrounded by a single membrane
 B. They contain cristae

 C. They are surrounded by a double membrane
 D. They contain starch grains
8. Which organelle has a double membrane?
 A. Rough endoplasmic reticulum

 B. Golgi apparatus
 C. Nucleus
 D. Vacuole
9 Which structure found in a eukaryote has a double membrane?
 A. Golgi apparatus
 B. Mitochondrion
 C. Lysosome
 D. Endoplasmic reticulum
10 Which structure is found in both eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells?

 A. Lysosome
 B. Ribosome
 C. Golgi apparatus
 D. Nucleoid
11 Which organelle is the site of protein synthesis?
12 The diagram below shows a cyanobacterium, Synechococcus elongatus.

1.
1. State whether the cell shown in the microphotograph is eukaryotic or
prokaryotic. Give a reason for your answer.[2]
2. State two features found in both eukaryotic and prokaryotic cell structures.[2]
3. Identify the type of microscope which was used to produce the
microphotograph above. Give a reason for your answer.[2]
4. Describe the function of X.[2]
2. Compare and contrast the structure of the Golgi apparatus and rough endoplasmic
reticulum.[2]
13 1. Draw a labelled diagram which shows the structure of an animal cell.[4]

2. Outline the advantages of a compartmentalised structure in eukaryotes.[4]
3. Compare and contrast the ultrastructure of E. coli and a palisade mesophyll cell.
14 The following electron micrograph shows part of an exocrine pancreas cell. Which of the labelled
structures is responsible for the production of vesicles for exocytosis?
15 This micrograph shows a transverse section through a pancreatic acinar cell. Acinar cells are
found in the exocrine tissue of the pancreas.
2.
1. Explain how the structure of this cell is related to the function of the synthesis
of proteins for release from the cell.[2]
2. State why an electron microscope is needed to view the ultrastructure of the
acinar cells.[2]
16 The micrograph below shows E. coli cells.
1. Identify the structure labelled I in the micrograph.[1]

2. If the magnification of the image is x36,000 and the length of cell II in the image is 54
mm, calculate the actual length of cell II in micrometres (µm).[2]
3. State one feature, other than the structure labelled I, that can be used to identify the
cells in this micrograph as prokaryotic cells.[1
17 Which statement(s) about the endosymbiotic theory is true?
 I. It provides evidence for the origin of prokaryotes.

 II. It provides evidence for the origin of eukaryotes.
 III. It provides evidence for spontaneous generation.
 A. II only
 B. I only
 C. II and III only
 D. I, II and III
18 What provides evidence that all life on Earth evolved from the same population of cells?
 A. Eukaryotic cells evolved from prokaryotic cells.

 B. Both mitochondria and prokaryotes have a cell wall.
 C. Both eukaryotes and bacteria contain histones.
 D. The genetic code is universal.
19 Whose experiments disproved spontaneous generation?
 A. Miller and Urey

 B. Louis Pasteur
 C. Rosalind Franklin
 D. Meselson and Stahl
20 Which statement provides evidence for the endosymbiotic theory?
 A. Phospholipids readily form bilayers.

 B. Chloroplasts possess a double membrane.
 C. RNA is self-replicating.
 D. Mitochondria possess a single membrane.
21 The diagram below shows the apparatus used in the experiments conducted by Miller and
Urey.
Describe how this experiment showed that the origin of life was possible on early Earth.[3]
22 What feature of chloroplasts provides evidence for the endosymbiotic theory?
 A. They have their own nucleus.

 B. They have a single membrane.
 C. They contain 70S ribosomes.
 D. They contain a thylakoid membrane.
23 Identify an organelle visible in the figure below whose structure provides evidence for the
endosymbiotic theory.
1.
2. Label with the letter S an example of the organelle that you named in part (i).
[1]
3. Describe three features of the organelle named in part (i) that support the
endosymbiotic theory.[3]
2. Compare and contrast the structure of a mitochondrion and typical prokaryote.[2]
24 Which statements about chloroplasts and mitochondria support the endosymbiotic theory?
25 Louis Pasteur's famous experiments disproving spontaneous generation were replicated by

placing broth into various flasks.
Which two flasks would show the presence of microorganisms in the results?
 A. R and S
 B. S and Q
 C. Q and R
 D. P and Q
26 Which statement applies to both mitochondria and prokaryotes?
 A. They both contain DNA.

 B. They both have flagella.
 C. They both contain lysosomes.
 D. They both have a cell wall.
27 1. Draw and label a structure of a mitochondrion.[3]

2. Explain how Louis Pasteur's experiments disproved the theory of spontaneous
generation.[5]
3. Describe the evidence for the endosymbiotic theory.
28
29 Which characteristic is not true for both mitochondria and chloroplasts?
 A. They are present in both eukaryotes and prokaryotes.

 B. They are both able to self-replicate.
 C. They are both able to synthesise proteins.
 D. They both contain circular DNA.
30 Which organism contains DNA in exactly two different organelles?
 A. A tree
 B. A mushroom
 C. An Archaeon
 D. A seaweed

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WORKSHEET A.2.1 &2.

 A. A eukaryotic cell because it contains mitochondria

 B. A prokaryotic cell because it has a plasma membrane

 C. A eukaryotic cell because it does not have a nucleus

 D. A prokaryotic cell because it contains ribosomes

2. How do prokaryotic cells divide?

 A. The photograph on the right was taken using an electron microscope.

5. Which statement(s) about cell structure is/are not true?

 I. Prokaryotic cells have a compartmentalised structure.

6. Which part of the cell is labelled with the letter P?

7. What do the two labelled organelles have in common?

 B. They contain cristae

8. Which organelle has a double membrane?

 A. Rough endoplasmic reticulum

9 Which structure found in a eukaryote has a double membrane?

10 Which structure is found in both eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells?

11 Which organelle is the site of protein synthesis?

12 The diagram below shows a cyanobacterium, Synechococcus elongatus.

13 1. Draw a labelled diagram which shows the structure of an animal cell.[4]

16 The micrograph below shows E. coli cells.

1. Identify the structure labelled I in the micrograph.[1]

17 Which statement(s) about the endosymbiotic theory is true?

 I. It provides evidence for the origin of prokaryotes.

 A. Eukaryotic cells evolved from prokaryotic cells.

19 Whose experiments disproved spontaneous generation?

 A. Miller and Urey

20 Which statement provides evidence for the endosymbiotic theory?

 A. Phospholipids readily form bilayers.

22 What feature of chloroplasts provides evidence for the endosymbiotic theory?

 A. They have their own nucleus.

25 Louis Pasteur's famous experiments disproving spontaneous generation were replicated by

26 Which statement applies to both mitochondria and prokaryotes?

 A. They both contain DNA.

27 1. Draw and label a structure of a mitochondrion.[3]

29 Which characteristic is not true for both mitochondria and chloroplasts?

 A. They are present in both eukaryotes and prokaryotes.

30 Which organism contains DNA in exactly two different organelles?

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