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    Hypnotic Drugs

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    Arnel Leonard Tungbaban
    Hypnotic drugs can be broadly categorized into benzodiazepines, non-benzodiazepine hypnotics, melatonin receptor agonists, orexin receptor antagonists, and certain antidepressants. They work to induce sleep, improve sleep quality, and increase sleep duration by enhancing the neurotransmitter GABA, binding to sleep-regulating receptors in the brain, or mimicking the effects of hormones involved in sleep regulation like melatonin and orexin. However, hypnotic drugs can cause side effects like daytime drowsiness and dependence, so they should only be used under a healthcare

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    Hypnotic Drugs

    Uploaded by

    Arnel Leonard Tungbaban
    11 views3 pages
    Hypnotic drugs can be broadly categorized into benzodiazepines, non-benzodiazepine hypnotics, melatonin receptor agonists, orexin receptor antagonists, and certain antidepressants. They work to induce sleep, improve sleep quality, and increase sleep duration by enhancing the neurotransmitter GABA, binding to sleep-regulating receptors in the brain, or mimicking the effects of hormones involved in sleep regulation like melatonin and orexin. However, hypnotic drugs can cause side effects like daytime drowsiness and dependence, so they should only be used under a healthcare

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    different hypnotics

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    Hypnotic drugs can be broadly categorized into benzodiazepines, non-benzodiazepine hypnotics, melatonin receptor agonists, orexin receptor antagonists, and certain antidepressants. They work to induce sleep, improve sleep quality, and increase sleep duration by enhancing the neurotransmitter GABA, binding to sleep-regulating receptors in the brain, or mimicking the effects of hormones involved in sleep regulation like melatonin and orexin. However, hypnotic drugs can cause side effects like daytime drowsiness and dependence, so they should only be used under a healthcare

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    11 views3 pages

    Hypnotic Drugs

    Uploaded by

    Arnel Leonard Tungbaban
    Hypnotic drugs can be broadly categorized into benzodiazepines, non-benzodiazepine hypnotics, melatonin receptor agonists, orexin receptor antagonists, and certain antidepressants. They work to induce sleep, improve sleep quality, and increase sleep duration by enhancing the neurotransmitter GABA, binding to sleep-regulating receptors in the brain, or mimicking the effects of hormones involved in sleep regulation like melatonin and orexin. However, hypnotic drugs can cause side effects like daytime drowsiness and dependence, so they should only be used under a healthcare

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    Hypnotic Drugs Overview

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    discuss the different hypnotic drugs

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    Hypnotic drugs, also known as sleep aids or sleeping pills, are medications that are prescribed to
    individuals experiencing sleep problems or insomnia. These drugs help induce sleep, improve sleep
    quality, and increase the duration of sleep. Here are some commonly prescribed hypnotic drugs:

    Benzodiazepines (BZDs): Benzodiazepines are a class of drugs that act as sedatives, anxiolytics, and
    muscle relaxants. They are commonly used as hypnotics due to their sedating effects. Examples include
    diazepam (Valium), lorazepam (Ativan), and temazepam (Restoril). These drugs work by enhancing the
    activity of a neurotransmitter called gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), which has a calming effect on the
    brain.

    Non-Benzodiazepine Hypnotics: These drugs are similar in action to benzodiazepines but have a slightly
    different chemical structure. They are often referred to as "Z-drugs" due to the generic names of some
    common medications starting with the letter "Z." Examples include zolpidem (Ambien), zaleplon
    (Sonata), and eszopiclone (Lunesta). These drugs bind to specific receptors in the brain that are
    associated with sleep regulation.

    Melatonin Receptor Agonists: Melatonin is a hormone that regulates the sleep-wake cycle. Melatonin
    receptor agonists are medications that mimic the effects of melatonin in the brain. Examples include
    ramelteon (Rozerem) and tasimelteon (Hetlioz). These drugs help regulate sleep by influencing the
    body's internal clock and promoting the onset of sleep.

    Orexin Receptor Antagonists: Orexin is a neuropeptide that plays a role in promoting wakefulness. Orexin
    receptor antagonists, such as suvorexant (Belsomra), work by blocking the action of orexin in the brain,
    thereby promoting sleep. These medications are relatively new and work through a different mechanism
    compared to other hypnotics.

    Antidepressants: Certain antidepressant medications, particularly those that have sedating properties,
    can be prescribed as hypnotics. Examples include trazodone (Desyrel) and amitriptyline (Elavil). These
    drugs can help improve sleep by reducing anxiety and promoting relaxation.

    It's important to note that hypnotic drugs should be used under the guidance and supervision of a
    healthcare professional. They can have side effects, including daytime drowsiness, dizziness, and the
    potential for dependency or withdrawal symptoms. It is advisable to discuss the benefits and risks of
    these medications with a healthcare provider to determine the most appropriate treatment option for
    specific sleep issues.

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