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org © 2018 IJCRT | Volume 6, Issue 1 March 2018 | ISSN: 2320-2882

DESIGN AND DEVELOPMENT OF

MULTIPURPOSE MACHINE FOR SAWING,
DRILLING AND GRINDING
Prof. Rahul U. Urunkar1, Sushant S. Karanure2, Sangram M. Patil3, Sudhir S. Patil4, Sujay D. Sonawane5
Assistant Professor, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Sanjeevan Engg. & Technology Institute,
Panhala, Maharashtra, India1
Final Year Student of Mechanical Engineering, Sanjeevan Engg. & Technology Institute,
Panhala, Maharashtra, India2,3,4,5

Abstract: The numbers of operations are required in manufacturing processes which include but not limited to cutting, Drilling,
Grinding, Welding etc. However the separate equipment is required for performing each and every operation and hence the cost of
setup is very high. This project deals with the fabrication of multipurpose mechanical machine which is capable of performing a
number of operations in single machine. The developed machine is capable of performing operations such as hacksaw cutting, drilling
and grinding in a single machine which has only one prime mover. This not only saves the space but also helps in saving the power.
In addition the cost of setting up the three machines is eliminated as the price of single machine is almost equivalent to the single
drilling machine.

Keywords: Drilling, Cutting, Grinding, etc.

I. INTRODUCTION
In this ever changing environment need for manufacturing of products and higher rate is greatly enhanced by the market
trend and demand. The process involved in manufacturing also needs a global approach and has to be done by making the process
easier and reliable .Considering these aspects there is a need to design a methodology that would hope for the higher rate of
production at greater quality.
Industries are basically meant for Production of useful goods and services at low production cost, machinery cost and low
inventory cost. Today in this world every task have been made quicker and fast due to technology advancement but this advancement
also demands huge investments and expenditure, every industry desires to make high productivity rate maintaining the quality and
standard of the product at low average cost. In an industry a considerable portion of investment is being made for machinery
installation. So in this project we have a proposed a machine which can perform operations like drilling, sawing, grinding
simultaneously which implies that industrialist have not to pay for machine performing above tasks individually for operating
operation simultaneously.
The project focuses on fabrication of machine which can be used to perform different operations required in small fabrication
shops in a single machine. This would not only cut down the cost of operations of three machines but also the cost of setting up a
fabrication shop. The primary focus of this research work is to reduce the cost as well as the floor space required by these three
machines.

II. LITERATURE REVIEW

Before starting our work we have undergone through many research papers which indicates that for a production based
industries machine installation is a tricky task as many factor being associated with it such as power consumption (electricity bill per
machine), maintenance cost, no of units produced per machine i.e. capacity of machine, time consumption and many more…
Some research papers which have led us to approach to the idea of a machine which may give solution to all these factors are
as follows:
R. Vijayakumar et.al found that how to increase the productivity by fabricating a Motorized Multipurpose machine that
could perform four machining operation (Drilling, Sawing (Using Hacksaw), Grinding & Sheet Metal Cutting) at a time. The Bevel
gear mechanism, Rack & pinion mechanism and CAM mechanisms were used in our project to make the Multi-operations possible
with a single input.
Singh ankitkumar awadhesh et.al deal with design, development and fabrication of “Multipurpose Mechanical Machine”.
This machine is designed for the purpose of multi operations. They are as follows: 1. drilling, 2. cutting, 3. grinding & 4. shaping.
This machine perform multipurpose operation at same time with required speed & this machine is automatic which is controlled or
operated by motor which is run with the help of current. This machine is based on the mechanism of whit worth return and belt drive.
this model of the multi operational machine is may be used in industries and domestic operation which can perform mechanical
operation like drilling, cutting &shaping of a thin metallic as well as wooden model or body.

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Sharad Srivastava et.al found this paper presents the concept of Multi-Function Operating Machine mainly carried out for
production based industries. Industries are basically meant for Production of useful goods and services at low production cost,
machinery cost and low inventory cost. Today in this world every task have been made quicker and fast due to technology
advancement but this advancement also demands huge investments and expenditure, every industry desires to make high productivity
rate maintaining the quality and standard of the product at low average cost. We have developed a conceptual model of a machine
which would be capable of performing different operation simultaneously, and it should be economically efficient .In this machine we
are actually giving drive to the main shaft to which scotch yoke mechanism is directly attached, scotch yoke mechanism is used for
sawing operation. On the main shaft we have use bevel gear system for power transmission at two locations. Through bevel gear we
will give drive to drilling center and grinding center. The model facilitate us to get the operation performed at different working center
simultaneously as it is getting drive from single power source. Objective of this model are conservation of electricity (power supply),
reduction in cost associated with power usage, increase in productivity, reduced floor space.

III. METHODOLOGY

Problem Definition

Literature survey

Designing of the machine

Procurement of material

Development of the machine

Testing of the machine

Corrective actions

Conclusion

Report Writing & final Submission

IV. OPERATION INVOVLED

1. Sawing
The sawing operation is done by operating the Hacksaw in To & Fro motion. The To & Fro motion of the Hacksaw is
obtained by the use of Cam mechanism. The sawing operation is fitted at one end of the machine. The common shaft is rotated by the
pulley connected to it which is powered by the belt connected to the motor’s pulley.

Fig 1: Sawing Operation

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2. Drilling
Drilling is a cutting process that uses a drill bit to cut a hole of circular cross-section in solid materials. The drill bit is usually
a rotary cutting tool, often multipoint. The bit is pressed against the work piece and rotated at rates from hundreds to thousands of
revolutions per minute. This forces the cutting edge against the work piece, cutting off chips from the hole as it is drilled. The drilling
tool is present at one end of the machine. The common shaft is rotated by the pulley connected to it which is powered by the belt
connected to the motor’s pulley. The one end of the common shaft is connected to the bevel gear which converts the horizontal axis
rotation of the common shaft into the vertical axis rotation of the drill chuck.

Fig 2: Drilling Operation

3. Grinding
A grinding machine, often shortened to grinder, is any of various power tools or machine tools used for grinding, which is a
type of machining using an abrasive wheel as the cutting tool. Each grain of abrasive on the wheel's surface cuts a small chip from the
work piece via shear deformation.
The grinding wheel is fitted in parallel with a small pulley which is powered by the large size pulley connected with the
common shaft. The power transmission between the large pulley and small pulley is done using the chain drive.

Fig 3: Grinding Operation

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V. DESIGN CALCULATION AND FORMULATION

Fig 4: CATIA Model

1. Design of scotch Yoke mechanism
L = 2r
Where r = radius
Therefore, r = 80mm
Diameter of scotch disc D = 160 mm
Connecting rod length, Lr = 300mm
Thickness of disc, 𝑇𝑠 = 0.022𝐷 𝑡𝑜 0.033𝐷
Considering standard size available in the market 𝑇𝑠 = 4𝑚𝑚
Inner diameter of yoke pin, 𝑑𝑖𝑝 = 2 × 𝑇𝑠 = 8𝑚𝑚
Outer diameter of yoke pin, 𝑑0𝑝 = 2.5 × 𝑇𝑠 = 10 𝑚𝑚
Length of yoke, 𝐿 = 160 𝑚𝑚
2𝛱𝑁
Angular velocity of scotch disc, 𝜔 =
60
Where N=speed of connecting rod=95 RPM 𝜔 = 9.94 𝑟𝑎𝑑/𝑠

2. Cutting speed:
Speed of the motor: Nm = 1425 RPM.
Motor Pulley Diameter d1=60 mm
Driven pulley diameter d2= 300 mm
𝑁𝑤
Therefore we have to find the wheel speed. = 𝑑1 /𝑑2
𝑁𝑚
𝑑1
𝑁𝑤 = × 𝑁𝑚
𝑑2
Substituting the values in above formula we get speed of wheel, 𝑁𝑤 = 285 𝑅𝑃𝑀
For scotch and Yoke mechanism One stroke of is completed in 1 Revolution of crank i.e. K=1
Stroke length of scotch-yoke mechanism L = 2r
Where ‘r’ is the radius of the wheel.
In our case r = 80 mm
So 𝐿 = 160 𝑚𝑚

Number of strokes,
𝑁 = 𝑆𝑝𝑒𝑒𝑑 𝑜𝑓 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑤ℎ𝑒𝑒𝑙 = 𝑁𝑤 = 285
Therefore we know Velocity of cutting machine
Vc = (L x N x (1 + K))/1000 m /min
Ratio of return time to cutting time 𝐾 = 1
Therefore, velocity of cutting machine after substituting in the above equation. 𝑉𝑐 = 91.2 𝑚/𝑚𝑖𝑛

3. Grinding Speed:

Diameter of sprocket at grinding wheel 𝐷𝑔 = 60𝑚𝑚

𝑁𝑔
= 𝑑1 /𝐷𝑔
𝑁𝑚

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𝑁𝑔 = 885 𝑅𝑃𝑀
Radius of the Grinding wheel 𝑅𝑔 = 75 𝑚𝑚
Angular Velocity
2𝛱𝑁
𝜔=
60
= 92.67 𝑟𝑎𝑑/𝑠

Linear Velocity 𝑉 = 𝜔𝑅𝑔 = 6.95 𝑚/𝑠

According to the grinding wheel specifications, the maximum speed of 30 m/s is allowed. Hence it is within safe limits.

4. Selection of Bevel Gear

A bevel gear is used to change the direction of drive in a gear system by 90 degrees. In this case a Bevel gears with different
numbers of teeth and with axes at right angles. The number of teeth of bevel gear selected is 10 and 16 resp. A Straight bevel gears
used have conical pitch surface and teeth are straight and tapering towards apex. For design simplification it is assumed that there is
no power loss in changing the direction of drive. The material for the bevel gear selected is mild steel.

5. Drilling Speed:
Speed of shaft 285 RPM
Gear train used: bevel gears
Teeth on driver =10
Teeth on driven = 16
Therefore speed of drill chuck=534 RPM without any speed adjustment.

6. Selection of Belt
As per the design handbook, the prescribed belt type for the given distance between the two pulleys is V-belt. So, all
the belts selected in this project are V-Belt.

7. Design of hacksaw blade:

Consider hacksaw blade under axial load. So due to axial load hacksaw blade will bend.
Axial force (p),
Maximum permissible deflection (e),
With the help of a maximum permissible deflection, we can find the critical load.
Let
Length of blade l=400 mm
As per standard,
72 teeth
TPI (teeth per inch) =5
Width=32 mm
Thickness=6 mm

VI. Working of model

In the model of “Multipurpose Machine” we are giving supply to the main shaft, as we move along the axis of shaft we have
mounted a pair of bevel gears, through the pinion shaft we are giving drive to drill shaft through belt-pulley arrangement, we have
installed the stepped pulley in the arrangement therefore we can made the speed variation for the drilling operation.
As we can see that the scotch yoke mechanism is directly fabricated to the second shaft which is taken drive from the main
shaft with the help of chain drive, also the grinding wheel is mounted on third shaft which is driven by the main shaft.

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Fig 5: Actual Model

Specification of components used in the model

i. Frame of model: length=1066mm, width=762mm, height=864mm.
ii. Bevel gears: no of teeth T1=10 T2=16
iii. Shaft dia, D1=25mm D2=D3= 20mm where, , D1, D2,D3=Diameters of shaft 1,2,3 resp.
iv. Shaft material is mild steel.
v. Material of bevel gear is mild steel.
vi. Type of belt used is V-Belt.
vii. Diameter of pulleys Main pulley=300mm Motor pulley=60mm.
viii. Frame is made of steel pipes.
ix. Bearing used is pedestal bearing no. UC205.

VII. CONCLUSION
In an industry a considerable portion of investment is being made for machinery installation. So in this paper we have
proposed a machine which can perform operations like sawing, drilling and grinding at different working centers simultaneously
which implies that industrialist have not to pay for machine performing above task individually for operating operation
simultaneously.
Thus this paper could reduce the external power requirement for machining process and at the same time could increase the
productivity.

VIII. REFERENCES

1) R. Vijayakumar, A. Gokul Krishnan , D. Sathish,, A T. Ganesh kumar “Motorized Multipurpose Machine” International
Conference on Latest Innovations in Applied Science, Engineering and Technology (ICLIASET 2017), March 2017
2) Singh Ankitkumar Awadhesh, Patel Ketankumar Hirabhai, Naik Kaushal Rameshchandra, Upadhyay Nishant Dharmendra, Prof.
Govind Patel “IMPLEMENTATION OF MULTI PURPOSE MECHANICAL MACHINE” International Journal Of Applied
Research In Science And Engineering ISSN : 2456-124X, Volume 2, Issue 1, May-2017.
3) Pradip R. Bodade, Chetan R. Khade, Shubham C. Hiwanj, Suyash A. Shete,Vikrant R.Kaveri, Neel R.Chaudhari “ A REVIEW
ON MULTI FUNCTION OPERATING MACHINE” international journal for engineering applications and technology
ISSN : 2321-8134,May 2016.
4) Sharad Srivastava , Shivam Srivastava ,C.B.Khatri “Multi-Function Operating Machine: A Conceptual Model” IOSR Journal of
Mechanical and Civil Engineering (IOSR-JMCE) e-ISSN: 2278-1684,p-ISSN: 2320-334X, Volume 11, Issue 3 Ver. III (May- Jun.
2014), PP 69-75.
5) Dr. Toshimichi Moriwaki “Trends in Recent Machine Tool Technologies” Professor Department f Mechanical Engineering Kobe
University, NTN Technical Review No.74(2006).
6) Prof. Nitinchandra R.Patel, Mohammed A. Vasanwala , Balkrushna B. Jani “Material selection and testing of hacksaw blade based
on mechanical properties” International journal of innovative research in Science, Engineering and Technology ISSN: 2319-8753
Volume 2, issue 6, June 2013
7) Ass. Prof. Venkata Phani Babu.V “Multiple Operating Machines (Drilling, Sawing, Shaping)” International journal and magazine
of engineering and technology, management and Research ISSN: 2348-4845 , Volume 3, Issue 5, May 2016

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