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POWERPOINT PRESENTATION PREPARED BY:-
NAMES:- SAMIPARNA
KASHISH CHAUHAN
TANYA
SNEHA JHA
NITU KUMARI

SUBJECT:- HISTORY OF USA

SUBMITTED TO:- DR. YUTHIKA MISHRA

(DEPARTMENT OF HISTORY)
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

We would like to express our special thanks of gratitude to our

Teacher Dr. Yuthika Mishra who gave us the golden opportunity
to do this wonderful project of Slavery in United States.

She also helped us in completing our project. We came to know

about so many new things we are really thankful to her.

Secondly we would also like to thank our parents and friends who
helped us a lot in finalizing this project within the limited time
frame.
 INDEX
S.No TOPICS SLIDE PREPARED BY Roll no
. NUMBER GROUP
MEMBER NAME
1 Introduction
Explotation of slaves
6-7 Samiparna 2022473

2 War of 1812
8-10 Nitu kumari 2022465
Monroe Doctrine
Manifest Destiny
3 Slavery before and after
the American revolution
11-13 Tanya 2022482
Rebillion by the slaves

4 The Economics of slavery:

South vs North Debate
14-15 Sneha jha 2022478

5 Issues of civil war and

interpretations
16-18 Kashish chauhan 2022452
SLAVERY IN
THE UNITED
STATES
 SLAVERY TIMELINE
• In August 1619,a Dutch trading vessel sold twenty Africans as
indentured servants in Jamestown , Virginia.

• With no slave laws in place , they were initially treated as

indentured servants.

• In the 1640s,the practice began of selling imported slaves as

servants for life . Slave laws were soon passed in Massachusetts
in 1641and Virginia in 1661 and any small freedoms that might
have existed for blacks before , were taken away .

• Soon restrictions on slave mobility , along with a harsh system

of discipline , were written into the “Black Codes ” of all the
southern colonies.
 EXPLOITATION OF SLAVES
• The system denied enslaved person’s basic humanity and made a
mockery of natural rights theory.
• While some slaves worked as household servants , most were field
hands.
• Slave owners advertised rewards for runways and harshly punished
those who were caught.
Female slavery
• The slave woman’s condition was just an extreme case of what
women as a group experienced in America.
• For antebellum black woman ,most were slaves, and as such were
denied the “privilege", enjoyed by white feminist, of theorizing about
the bondage ,for they were literally earned by someone else.
• Female slaves had the least formal power and were perhaps the most
vulnerable group of antebellum Americans. No other group of people
were so degraded and brutalized.
 WAR OF 1812
• In 1812,under Jefferson’s successor James Madison, Britain’s
continued harassment of U.S Shipping erupted into war.
• War was finally declared by congress on June 18,1813
,impressment and the orders in council being cited as the
reasons.
• Worse still, in august 1814 British forces captured Washington
,DC , and burned the new presidential mansion.
• With “Mr. Madison’s war “deeply unpopular in new England,
some Federalist politicians contemplated secession. But in
December 1814,as Britain faced reverse in Europe, negotiators
meeting in Ghent and Belgium signed a treaty ending the war.
 MONROE DOCTRINE
• The upshot of these discussion was that Monroe and his
cabinet decided to make a declaration against intervention,
but to do so independently and not in association with Great
Britain.

• A joint protest, they felt, would inevitably cause the united

states to appear in the role of a junior partner, and would not
contribute to that hemispheric separation which was a main
objective of American policy.
 MANIFEST DESTINY
• The movement of the pioneers across the continent led quickly
to demands for the annexation of the pacific territories , if
necessary by force.
• Many Americans, in fact, began to suggest that the whole of
the North American continent must eventually come under
the stars and stripes.
• The slogan of the expansionists was Manifest Destiny ( a phrase
first used by a New York journalist, john O’Sullivan )
• Combining land-grabbing with political idealism, they
proclaimed that it was the Manifest Destiny of the united states
to extend the benefits of her democratic institutions and way
of life over as wide an area as possible.
SLAVE REBELLION
 WHY SLAVES REVOLTED
For nearly two and half centuries , Black slaves were treated like
Brutes and animals rather than human being.
 Slaves were raped and were sold away from their families. They
couldn’t stand to continue living in the way they did.
 Rebellion among enslaved people
did occur notably led by-:
Gabriel Prosser in Richmond (1800)
and Denmark vesey(1822).

 A significant and bloody rebellion

during 18C WAS 1739 Stono rebellion
at stono river bridge.

 But the most successful slave

rebellion, was Nat Turner’s in august
1831 where in virginia 75 black men
murderd some 55 whites in two days.
THE ECONOMICS OF SLAVERY –
NORTH VS SOUTH DEBATE
 Exponents of a economic interpretation point out that south and
north had developed divergent economic interest which had
resulted in political conflict ever since the foundation of republic.
 The South had remained almost wholly agrarian and exported most
of its basic crop. It therefore favoured a tariff for revenue only , and
was opposed to federal spending on internal improvement, to a
centralised banking system, and to the growth of big industrial and
financial corporation.
 The Northeast , on the other hand had become a centre of
capitalist industry and finance. It’s businessman wanted a protective
tariff , federal aid in the development of transportation and a
banking system controlled by north-eastern creditors interest and
looked forward to the organisation of the whole national economy
by the big corporation which they controlled.
 For a long period before the civil war Southern influence were predominant
in the federal government,and business growth was therefore impeded by a
lack of Federal support. Thus Slavery issue however,brought about a new
political combination,Northeastern businessman and western farmers joined
forces against the South and by the election of 1860 and subsequent Civil war
were able to gain political power by freeing the slaves they destroyed the
planter aristocracy and substituted their own system of wage labour for the
Southern system of slave labour.

Thus, according to this economic interpretation, the main underlying

significance of the sectional conflict was that power was transferred from the
planter of the South to the industrialist and the bankers of the northeast. Some
historians especially Charles A Beard have even spoken of the civil war as a
‘’Second American Revolution’’
 CIVIL WAR AND THE INTERPRETATIONS
PRELUDE TO WAR
 The secession of the southern states (in chronological order South Carolina,
Mississippi, Florida, Georgia, Louisiana ,Texas, virginia and north Carolina)in
1860-61 and the ensuring outbreak of armed hostilities were the culmination
of decades of growing sectional friction over slavery.
 Between 1815-1861 the economy of the northern states was rapidily
modernising and diversifying by contrast the southern economy was based
principally on large farms that produce commercial crops such as cotton
and that relied on slaves as a main labour force.
CIVIL WAR
• The north enjoyed advantages in technology, transportation, finance , and
population .confederate leaders hoped for British support ,given cotton’s
importance to England’s textile industry. But British opinion was divided ,and
Washington warned London Against interfering . Despite strains in U.S British
relations , London never recognized the confederacy.
• After confederate victories in Virginia at Fredericksburg and Chancellorsville ,
Lee marched north . At Gettysburg , Pennsylvania in the war’s turning point ,
Union forces repelled his advance . That November , dedicating a union
cementry at Gettysburg , Lincoln honored those who had given their lives so
that “government of the people , by the people , and for the people shall not
perish from the earth.” Only 272 words long , Lincoln’s Gettysburg Address ranks
among the greatest of presidential speeches.

• On April 9,1865 , at Appomattox court House in virginia , Lee

surrendered. At a cost of more than 617,000 dead on both sides , the
united states survived.

In Septmber 1862 , after the battle at Antietam , Lincoln issued the

Emancipation Proclamation , freeing slaves in areas captured by union
troops . A union victory , in short , meant near universal emancipation .
Reversing earlier policy , the administration now welcomed African
Americans into the military . By war’s end , 186,000 had served , in
segregated units under white officiers .
 CONCLUSION

Many Americans felt pride in the nation’s post civil war economic
transformation . And , indeed , industrialization held promise of
material betterment. Yet in many ways its political social , and
international consequences proved disastrous , including
exploited workers , dangerous factories , urban slums , extreme
class divisions and a political system subservient to the business
class.

As a new century dawned , accumulating

discontents with the direction of the national life would fuel a new
surge of reformist energy .
 BIBLIOGRAPHY

 A History of united states of America – Henry

Parkes
 American History :A very short introduction –
BOYER , PAUL S.
 Aren’t I a woman ? – DEBORAH GRAY WHITE
 American Slavery : The question of resistance –
JOHN H. BRACEY
 Give my liberty: An American History – ERIC
FONER .
 WWW.Britannica.in.com