INOFRE Jennifer D. FS101 Contributions of Renowned Anthropologists Archaeologists Ethnologists Historians
INOFRE Jennifer D. FS101 Contributions of Renowned Anthropologists Archaeologists Ethnologists Historians
INOFRE Jennifer D. FS101 Contributions of Renowned Anthropologists Archaeologists Ethnologists Historians
I. OBJECTIVES
1. Describe how evolutionary and historical processes have shaped primates and human
ancestors and lead to the biological, behavioral, and cultural diversity seen in the
present.
2. Describe how cultural systems construct reality differently for various human groups.
3. Discuss human diversity and how knowledge about human diversity should lead to a
better understanding of and therefore respect for people whose culture differs from
ours.
Historians
anthropology.
racism and advocated the need for intellectual freedom and worked
to protect German and Austrian scientists who fled from the Nazi
regime.
War II.
Altogether, she made 24 field trips among six South Pacific peoples.
one must look and listen, record astonishment and wonder at that
differences.”
their activities.
government station and to go and live and work with the people they
grasp the native’s point of view, his relation to life, to realize his
7 April 1884 – 16 May 1942
vision of his world”.
educator, and author known for his significant body of work within
anthropologist.
III. EVALUATION
1. How the anthropologists help the society?
4. What is one brief reason anthropologists care so much about social complexity?
turbulent, globalized age, in which people of different backgrounds come into contact with
each other in unprecedented ways and in a multitude of settings, from tourism and trade to
work with the important topics of education, learning and knowledge in an increasingly
globalized world. It also analyzes specific (local) practices of education and knowledge in
There are several reasons why anthropological knowledge can help to make sense of the
contemporary world.
First, contact between culturally different groups has increased enormously in our
time. For the global middle classes, long-distance travelling has become more common,
At the same time as people from affluent countries visit other parts of the world in
growing numbers and under new circumstances, the opposite movement is also taking
place, though often not for the same reasons. The world is shrinking in other ways as well.
For better and for worse, satellite television, cellphone networks and the internet have
longer a decisive hindrance for close contact and new, reterritorialized social networks or
even ‘virtual communities’ have developed. At the same time, individuals have a larger
importance. The capitalist mode of production and monetary economies in general, which
were globally dominant throughout the 20th century, have become nearly universal in the
21st century.
Culture changes at a more rapid pace than ever before in our era, and this can be
noticed nearly everywhere. Youth culture and trends in fashion and music change so fast
that older people have difficulties following their twists and turns; food habits are changing
before our eyes, leading to greater diversity within many countries; secularism is rapidly
changing the role of religion in society and vice versa; and media consumption is
thoroughly transnational. These and other changes make it necessary to ask questions
such as: ‘Who are we really?’, ‘What is our culture – and is it at all meaningful to speak of
a “we” that “have” a “culture”?’, ‘What do we have in common with the people who used to
live here 50 years ago, and what do we have in common with people who live in an
entirely different place today?’, and ‘Is it still defensible to speak as if we primarily belong
identity, which is increasingly seen as an asset. Many feel that the local uniqueness that
they used to count on is being threatened by globalization, indirect colonialism and other
forces from the outside. They often react by attempting to strengthen or at least preserve
Anthropology can teach important lessons about the world and the global whirl of
cultural mixing, contact and contestation – but it can also teach us about ourselves.
Anthropology takes part in the long conversation about what it is to be human, and gives
that it does not privilege certain ways of life above others, but charts and compares the full
uniquely a knowledge for the 21st century, crucial in our attempts to come to terms with a
globalized world, essential for building understanding and respect across real or imagined
cultural divides, and it is not only the ‘most scientific of the humanities and the most
humanistic of the sciences’, but also the most useful of the basic sciences.
V. REFERENCES
Reference Handbook, Vol. 1, edited by H. James Birx, 442-452. Thousand Oaks, CA:
SAGE Reference, 2010.
2015.http://www.webpages.uidaho.edu/~rfrey/220histpart.htm.
Reference Handbook, Vol. 1, edited by H. James Birx, 576-585. Thousand Oaks, CA:
The Chicago Manual of Style. 2017. 17th ed. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
http://guides.lib.unc.edu/az.php?s=1107
Sciences, Vol. 8, edited by William A. Darity, 57-59. Detroit: Macmillan Reference USA,
2008.