D-PAINT REPORT - Chidozie
D-PAINT REPORT - Chidozie
D-PAINT REPORT - Chidozie
FACULTY OF SCIENCE
A TECHNICAL REPORT
ON
BY
DECEMBER, 2021
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TABLE OF CONTENT
CHAPTER ONE
1.1. Introduction…………………………………………………….......3
CHAPTER TWO
CHAPTER THREE
3.1.1. Material……………………………………………………………...8
3.1.2. Procedures…………………………………………………...……...8
CHAPTER FOUR
CONCLUSION………………………………………………………………...14
REFERENCES……………………..,…………………………………………15
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CHAPTER ONE
1.1 INTRODUCTION
Paint can be defined as a liquid solution of pigment and solvent, which is applied
on different surfaces for decorative and protective reasons. It can also be defined as
are normally produced into different colours. It can be stored, sold and applied as a
liquid after production. Most paints are either oil-based or water-based and each
The origin of paints dates back to prehistoric times when the inhabitants of the
earth recorded some of their activities in colours on the walls of their caves. These
The Egyptians, starting very early, developed the art of painting and by 1500 B.C.
had a wide number and variety of colours. Around 1000 D.C. they discovered the
beeswax for their film forming ingredient. Pliny outlined the manufacture of white
lead from lead and vinegar, and it is probable that this ancient procedure resembles
the old Dutch process. It is in more recent years, however, that the surface-coating
industry has made its greatest strides owing to the results of scientific research and
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application of modern engineering. (Shreve, 1956). The first painted objects come
from China. Furniture and utensils were covered with a layer of paint in an artistic
design. The oldest tradition work dates from around 200 B.C. The lacquer used
was the milky juice from the bark of the lacquer tree. This was coloured black or
red with minerals, and later also with gold dust or gold leaf. In the past, the
considerations. These factors are just as important today from a business point of
view and will continue to be so in the future. However, other considerations are
environmentally friendly disposal of paint residues and coated articles at the end of
their life cycle, the recycling of coated articles, and the conservation of raw
materials and energy. Thus, numerous low-emission paints have been developed,
businesses will profit from this experience, adapting it for their own needs. (Stoye
et al, 2008)
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CHAPTER TWO
Paints can be classified into two bases on the solvent used and these are
a) Oil-base paint: these are paints made with natural oil such as linseed oil,
paraffin oil, toluene, xylene etc. Example of oil-based paint is gross paint.
solvents and toxic pigments (e.g., red lead or zinc chromate) are not used.
The oils used in such paints have a low viscosity. They are therefore
since they wet and penetrate the residual layers of rust well, resulting in
(e.g., brushing, roller coating, spraying, and dipping), (Frietag et am, 2008).
b) Water base paint: these are paints made with water as the main solvent.
Examples are emulsion paint, satin, matte, silk etc. These paints are also
easy to clean and will help keep walls cleaner. With little to no smell, it
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roofing to railings, and floors to cladding. Eventually, water-based paints are
a). Base: the base serves as the solid substance that forms the body of the
paint. An example is calcium carbonate (CaCO 3). It makes the paint opaque,
b). Pigments: it serves as the colour usually in powder or paste form, e.g.
c). Binder: this is also known as resin or vehicle. It keeps the pigment and
the binder and pigment to the substrate surface. It evaporates as the paint
e). Drier: it helps to accelerates the process of drying the paints. Examples
f). Additives: used to modify the properties of the liquid paint. Examples are
thicker, surfactants (disperse pigment within the paint and makes application
easy).
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2.3. IMPORTANCE OF PAINT
The importance of paint in every part of the earth-that is the world at large are as
follows;
II) Increases the lifespan and durability of the surface on which it is applied.
Small Scale
Paint can be produced on a small-scale basis; in this way you don’t need a factory.
You do not even need electricity. All you need is your materials, containers and
stirrer that can be use to prepare the paint. The mixing can be done by hand or you
can get a portable electric stirrer or mixer. The cost of production for small scale is
actually low. The most important thing is to ensure good quality product.
Medium Scale
For medium scale production, a small sizeable factory is needed because the
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Equipment such as, a mixing tank, sand mill and paint filter machine to produce
large volumes of paint in the least amount of time and a truck for delivery is also
medium scale.
Large Scale
Automated equipment is needed for large scale production. Material used are
purchased in batches and in larger quantity. Large scale production requires large
number of employees and large capital in order to be able to pay the employee and
also carry out other services needed for the paint production.
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CHAPTER THREE
3.1.1 Chemicals for the production of twenty (20) litres of D-PIC Top
emulsion paint.
i. Water - 10L
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ii. Stirring stick
vi. Labels.
Add 200g of Titanium dioxide (TiO 2) also called Titan which has been
Dissolve the thickener separately in one (1) litres of water and stir.
Add ammonia and finally add the remaining two (2) litres of water and stir.
3.1.2. Materials for the production of four (4) litres of D-PIC Top emulsion
paint.
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vii. Water – 2L
viii. Calgon – 2g
3.1.3. Procedures for the production of four (4) Liters of D-PIC Top emulsion
paint.
Add 40g of Titanium dioxide (TiO2) also called Titan, dissolved it in the one
Dissolve the thickener separately in the remaining half (1/2) litres of water
and stir.
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Then add it into the mixture as stirring continues.
Add ammonia and finally add the remaining half (1/2) litres of water and
stir.
CHAPTER FOUR
Small Scale
scale, you don’t need a factory, you don’t even need electricity, all you need to do
is buy the ingredients and mix them. The mixing can be done by hand. It is that
easy!
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2 small 4L)
bucket)
Acrylic resins
(CaCO3)
Pigment #100
Miscellaneous #1,000
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Selling Price for 20L: #5,000
Profit: #1,530
CONCLUSION
Paints is important for decorations and protection of different surfaces and object;
everyone can learn how to make quality water base paint using the procedure
above. Paint production is just an idea that was conceived and generated into
reality. It is no longer produced by paint companies alone but now a days with the
have engaged in the production of different corrosion inhibition paints for different
environments such as marine and terrestrial. The major focus of paint production
now is the ability of any paint to prevent and inhibit corrosion for longer period of
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REFERENCE
Shreve, R.N. (1956): The chemical process industries, second edition, McGraw-
Hill book company, Tokyo.
Stoye, D. & Freitag, W... (2007). Paints, Coatings and Solvents: Second,
Completely Revised Edition. John Wiley &Son. Doi10.1002/9783527611867.
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