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 How this
guide works:
This guide goes in the exact order of
your crash course!

Feel free to fill in as much or as little

as you want! This is YOUR guide
friend!

You can print these pages and you

will have plenty of room to fill things
in! Or - you can access this template
and type into it online!

Take this guide as slow or as fast as

you want! You can even do it before
or after your courses as a personal
quiz!

As always - remember to take a

breath! This guide may feel like a lot
but you'll know everything in it by
the end of your course!

Happy studying!
 APHTHOUS STOMATITIS
VS HERPES

What is the difference in location?

Which needs to be treated within 48-

72 hours?

IMPETIGO

What are the two bacterial causes?

What is the main difference in treatment

for the two types?

PITYRIASIS ROSEA

What distinguishing mark occurs first before

the rash?

How do we treat this condition?

 ROCKY MOUNTAIN SPOTTED FEVER

Just like Lyme disease, this How do we ALWAYS treat

is precipitated by a this one no matter what?
_________

LYME DISEASE

How can we distinguish this

skin lesion?

What is the medical term

for this condition?

STOP HERE! - CRITICAL THINKING TIME

We always treat Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever

with Doxycycline currently - why is that?

*When are some times we can treat Lyme

disease with Amoxicillin instead?*
 RUBEOLA = _______

What is a distinguishing
sign or symptom of this
condition?

How can we prevent it?

MUMPS:

What is the most common symptom of mumps?

Expert tip: Don't get parotitis & sialolithiasis mixed up!

Jot down what each of these look like!

ACTINIC KERATOSIS
Write down some good descriptors of this
lesion!

If this is left untreated, it may lead to

_____________.
Hence the need for 5-FU or cryotherapy!
 MALIGNANT MELANOMA

What tool can you use to evaluate a lesion

you suspect may be this?

SEBORRHEIC KERATOSIS

Do these lesions need to be removed?

Why or why not?

SKIN CANCER:

What is the most common type?

*HINT: It common to see telangiectasias with

this one!!
 ECZEMA:

How would you describe this skin condition?

How do you treat it?

PLAQUE PSORIASIS

How can we distinguish this from eczema?

How do we treat it?

SHINGRIX VS ZOSTAVAX

Which can be administered earlier in life?

Which can be given no matter when the last

outbreak was?
 SCABIES:

What are the stereotypical signs and symptoms you may see?

How do we treat this condition?

CHICKEN POX

How can we prevent this?

When can they return to school or daycare?

MOLLUSCUM CONTAGIOSUM

What area of the body would we see this that

would make us want to investigate further?

How would you describe this lesion?

Write down your key words!
 ANTHRAX:

Who would you see this in

typically?

How do you treat it?

HIDRADENITIS SUPPURATIVA (HS)

Is this typically due to poor hygiene?

How do we treat it?

FOLLICULITIS VS HS:

How can we distinguish these two lesions?

 ROSACEA:

What is the key distinguishing factor?

How do we treat this condition?

ERYSIPELAS:

How would you describe this condition?

How do we treat this condition?

CELLULITIS

Purulent cellulitis: Non-purulent cellulitis:

B: __________

C:___________

D:___________
 TONGUE COMPLAINTS:

Geographical tongue: Leukoplakia:

This is commonly seen

in those with _____
Candidiasis:

CHILDHOOD EXANTHEMS CHART:

Go straight to my YouTube video and copy

down your free chart on the next slide!

https://youtu.be/choYrT_rt0U?t=787
 CHILDHOOD EXANTHEMS CHART:

Rubeola:

Rubella:

Roseola:

Fifth's disease:

Hand, foot &

mouth
disease:
 VARIOUS TINEAS:

Tinea corporis is located on the __________

Tinea barbae: __________

Tinea cruris: __________

Tinea pedis: __________

Tinea versicolor: __________

PINWORMS:

How would the patient describe this condition?

How do we treat this condition?

STOP HERE:

What is the #1 thing we

do when a patient
comes in with an eye
complaint?
 EYE COMPLAINTS:

What does it mean to have 20/40 vision?

When is the patient considered legally blind?

CRANIAL NERVES!

Write down all the cranial nerves related to the eye -

you won't regret it!

FUNDOSCOPIC EXAM:

Retinal arteries are _________ and __________ in

color than veins

What are some findings that we DON'T want to see?

 FUNDOSCOPIC EXAM:
Papilledema:

AV nicking:

Cotton wool spots:

EYE EMERGENCIES:

How will a patient describe their eye if they are experiencing

acute angle closure glaucoma?

If we suspect this, we should refer to the ED because of the risk

for _____________________________

What is the stereotypical description for retinal detachment to

distinguish it from other eye conditions?
EYE COMPLAINTS: CHOLESTEROL

Arcus senilus: Xanthelasma:

EYE COMPLAINTS:

Pterygium: Pinguecula:

Hordeolum: Chalazion
 CONJUNCTIVITIS:
Write down some distinguishing factors for each type:

Allergic: Viral: Bacterial:

AGING EYE COMPLAINTS:

Macular
Cataracts
degeneration:

STOP HERE: PRESBYOPIA

What is this condition?
What age do we expect to see it?

Expert tip: It is common for patients to state "My arms

seem too short" with this eye condition.
 GI ABDOMINAL SIGNS:
Write down what each one is AND if it
relates to appendicitis!

Rovsing

Markle:

Blumberg

Mcburney's
point

Murphy's sign

After eliciting a positive Murphy's

sign, we then order a ____________
 SAFETY ALERT:

When would we see Cullen's &

Turner's sign? What does that
indicate for your patient?

THE ETERNAL DEBATE:

PPI OR H2 BLOCKER?!

List some patients that an H2 blocker would be appropriate for:

List some patients a PPI would be appropriate for:

Expert tip: What it boils down to is that you treat it with

SOMETHING! We have to treat GERD to prevent....

Check out the In-Depth Diagnosis

Course if you need a deeper
understanding friend!
 ULTRASOUNDS:
Quick, easy, and cheap!
Who should we order these for?

COLONOSCOPY:

When & why? Write your notes below!

IBS VS IBD:
How do we tell the difference?
*Hint: Think about some lab values!
 THE ABDOMINAL QUADRANTS:

RUQ pain: LUQ pain:

RLQ pain: LLQ pain:

SAFETY ALERT:

What headaches need immediate referral?

*Expert tip: Knowing when to refer in

general is very important for the exam!
 HEADACHES

Headache Key point: The difference between a TIA and

related to a stroke is _______________________________
stroke

Cluster
headache

Temporal High safety alert due to risk for

arteritis
_______________________________
It is common to see this type of headache in
patients with which condition?

Hypertension It is most common to see these at what

headache time of day?

Migraines

Patients that have a migraine with aura

cannot have what medication class? Check
out the pharm course!
 PARKINSON'S DISEASE

Three main symptoms:

Which symptom tends to be

the most debilitating?

MENINGITIS
Brudzinski's = Kernig's =
__________ __________

CRANIAL NERVE MNEMONICS

To remember the order:

Oh, Oh, Oh to touch
and feel a great vein -
ah heaven! To remember which is
sensory, motor, or both:
Some say marry money
but my brother says big
brains matter more
 RINNE: CRANIAL NERVE 8
Think rinne under the pinne!

Normal finding:

Abnormal finding:

WEBER: CRANIAL NERVE 8

Normal finding:

Abnormal findings:

Conductive hearing loss = Can see the issue!

Will lateralize to the ______ ear

SensoriNeural hearing loss = Can Not see the issue!

Will lateralize to the ______ ear
 MENIERE'S DISEASE

How will your patient present?

What is our biggest concern?

ASTHMA BREAKDOWN:

First, you must know the order of severity:

What is the most

predominant symptom
in asthma?

What is the FEV1?

Why is that important?
 USE THIS PAGE TO COPY DOWN
YOUR ASTHMA CHART!

*Writing this chart down yourself will ensure you've got this
material friend! Rewriting is a great way to boost your
retention of the content!

While your exam likely has not updated yet, your practice
should have updated! Check out the asthma guideline
update in your courses at the very end!
 COPD:

How do we diagnose it?

What do you expect to find? (signs/symptoms)

When should you be worried?

Stop here and check out the In Depth Diagnosis Course for a
15+ minute break down of just COPD if you're feeling lost!

PNEUMONIA:

Step by Step process:

Write down all the questions you need to answer for
yourself to decide treatment!
 CURB-65 CRITERIA:
Should we admit this elderly patient?
C

Age > 65

TUBERCULOSIS:
Unlike pneumonia in the lower lobes, this is common to be
seen in the ___________

>5 mm:

>10 mm:

>15 mm:

STREP THROAT VS MONO:

How do we tell them apart? How do we treat the
patient if they have:

Strep: __________

Mono: ______________

Both: __________
 SAFETY ALERT:

Why must we ALWAYS treat strep throat with antibiotics?

BRONCHITIS:

Most cases of bronchitis are ____________

Do we treat this with antibiotics?

SINUSITIS:
What signs/symptoms would you expect to see?

How do you treat this condition?

 ALLERGIC RHINITIS:

First line treatment: Second line treatment:

KNOW YOUR GU COMPLAINTS!

Trichomoniasis:

Bacterial
vaginosis:

Gonorrhea

Chlamydia:

Herpes:

Syphils:

*This one is so important as it can lead

to so many long term effects!
 CONTRACEPTION:

Who is a good candidate for a progesterone-only option?

Who is NOT a good candidate for a estrogen-progesterone

combination option?

SAFETY ALERT:

What should you always order when a woman of

childbearing age comes in with an abdominal
complaint?
 PREGNANCY SIGNS:

Presumptive:

Probable:

Positive: (think PUF!)

Extra: Fundal height

12 weeks = _____________________
20 weeks = _____________________

PREGNANCY SCREENINGS:
24-28 weeks:

In week 28 of pregnancy, we may administer:

35-37 weeks:
 AFP TESTING:
Performed in weeks ________

If levels are high: If levels are low:

DOWN'S SYNDROME

They are at a higher risk of:

PLACENTAL ISSUES
What is the key difference between
placenta previa and a placental
abruption?
 BREASTFEEDING:
How do we know if the baby has a good
latch?

How do we treat mastitis?

PAP SMEARS:
These are started at age _____, regardless of prior sexual
activity.

What steps should we follow if we receive an abnormal result?

POST-MENOPAUSAL BLEEDING:

What will we instruct our patient to do?

HORMONE REPLACEMENT THERAPY:

Jot down all the risks! What are some alternative

treatment options?

POLYCYSTIC OVARIAN SYNDROME

They are at a higher risk of:

GALACTORRHEA
Be sure to check a __________ to rule
out _____________

What should we educate this patient

about?
BENIGN PROSTATIC HYPERPLASIA:
First line medications:

Herbal supplement: (Hint! See picture!)

EPIDIDYMITIS:

If < 35 years old, treat with:

If > 35 years old, treat with:

TESTICULAR TORSION:

Be sure to jot down your key

words to distinguish this
condition!
 KIDNEY FUNCTION LABS:

Always refer if you see _______ on a urinanalysis

URINARY TRACT INFECTIONS:

*Key point: Choose your antibiotic

based on your patient's individual
characteristics

SAFETY ALERT:

Always educate your patient to let you

know if they being experiencing
_______________________________
after starting a fluoroquinolone!
 ERECTILE DYSFUNCTION:

Jot down your top priority

before prescribing a PDE-5
inhibitor!

ANEMIA:
Great place to start:
Think to yourself MCV holds the key!
Use that as your guiding tool to decipher anemias!

Normal MCV level:

Low MCV (microcytic):

Think LIT (Lead intoxication, Iron deficiency, Thalassemia)
Jot down some common s/s to see with iron deficiency!

High MCV (macrocytic):

Think FAB (Folate, mAcrocytic, B12)
Which of these anemias has neuro symptoms?
 HEPATITIS B:

Fill up this whole page with great notes!

This is a tough topic friend!

Think of HBsAg as the Ag

standing for "always growing"
(aka either an acute or chronic
infection is going on!)

Then, use your other tools:

IgM. M = ___________

Then, use your other tools:

IgG. G = ___________

Throw your extra notes down here!

 SAFETY ALERT!

Vaccines are important!

Which vaccine can help us to prevent epiglottis?

EASY WAY TO REMEMBER VACCINES!

If a child has never been vaccinated think to

yourself: It's Time for Many Happy Vaccines!

IPV, Td/Tdap, MMR, Hepatitis B, Varicella

THYROID:

Our go to screening tool is a

______________

Normal TSH level:

_______________
 THYROID TIPS

Order a TSH If the TSH is If the TSH is

first, not a high, and T3/T4 low, and T3/T4
thyroid profile are low we have are high we
____________ have
____________

THYROID VS PARATHYROID:

Thyroid's function: Parathyroid's function:

TYPE 1 DIABETES:
 DIABETES PAUSE:

Stop here and watch my free

Youtube video on Diabetes!

https://www.youtube.com/watch?
v=lemGLKUI1Mc&t=290s

TYPE 2 DIABETES:
How do we diagnose?

Write down all the details you know about Metformin:

Which medications are most notorious for hypoglycemia

issues?
 ADDISON'S VS CUSHING'S:

What signs/symptoms do we What signs/symptoms do we

expect? expect?

DEPRESSION:

First line medications: (+what herbal supplement?)

How do we screen for it?

Tricyclic antidepressants are notorious for:

Atypical antipsychotics may lead to:

Jot down some symptoms of serotonin

syndrome!
 BIPOLAR DISORDER:

Commonly treated with ___________

*Check out the pharm course for some side

effects to jot down of this drug! It's a big one!

PTSD:

Signs/symptoms: Treatment:

SEASONAL AFFECTIVE DISORDER:

Changing of the
seasons effects the
patient's
____________________
_______________
 ENZYMES:

CYP3A4: CYP2C19:
Very important to
know this one in the
______________
population

OSTEOPOROSIS:
Diagnosis:

Risk factors:

Prevention:

Treatment:
 SAFETY ALERT

Long term use of

what drug may lead
to osteoporosis?

RA VS OA

Rheumatoid Osteoarthritis:
arthritis:

Can begin at any age Occurs as patients age

Faster onset Slower onset

Usually bilateral Usually unilateral

Stiffness > 1 hour Stiffness <1 hour

Systemic symptoms No systemic symptoms

Fill in what you'll

see on x-ray:
 RA VS OA NODES:

What nodes are sometimes present in both patients?

(but predominantly OA)

Expert tip: Jot down the correct location of the nodes!

ANKYLOSING SPONDYLITIS
Extra: Common to hear this referred to as "bamboo spine" on
an x-ray!

What are some common signs/symptoms?

SCAPHOID FRACTURE:

Aka: Navicular fracture

*When does this usually show up on x-ray?

*Critical thinking: Why do we go ahead

and treat this fracture?
 EVALUATING KNEE INJURIES:

McMurray test = _______________

Lachman test = _____________

Valgus = _________________

SCIATICA
What sign can we use to
evaluate for this in general?

L4 L5 S1

ROTATOR CUFF TEAR

Write out exactly how to

perform the drop arm test!
 GOUT:
Prevention medication: Lifestyle modifications:

Treatment medications: Diagnosis: Uric acid level

(Expert tip: it's not always

elevated in an acute attack!
So don't rule out gout if the
level comes back normal.)

LIPID PROFILE:
Know your levels and your ASCVD risk
cutoff!

Total cholesterol: _____

HDL: _____
LDL: _____
Triglycerides: _____

ASCVD cutoff to start meds: _____

HIGH INTENSITY STATINS

What are the two strongest HMG
CoA reductase inhibitors we can
prescribe?

Feeling lost on hyperlipidemia?

Head straight to the In Depth
Diagnosis course!
 HIGH TRIGLYCERIDES:

You should become concerned at a

triglyceride level > ____

We are going to treat with Fenofibrate in

hopes of preventing:

GET CLEAR ABOUT JNC 8 VS AHA

JNC 8: AHA/ACC:

When should you When should you

initiate initiate
treatment? treatment?

What is your What is your

goal BP? goal BP?
 AHA/ACC EXTRAS:

We initiate BP medications in stage 1 hypertension if

the ASCVD risk is > ______

What is our initial plan of attack for any new

hypertension patients?

Be sure to check out the In Depth Diagnosis course if you're

struggling with BP guidelines!
*

JNC 8 EXTRAS:
We initiate BP medications sooner if the patient has
these two comorbidities:

__________________

__________________

We start BP medications at a BP of >_______ if the

patient is older than 60. JNC 8 allows more flexibility
after this age.

Be sure to check out the In Depth Diagnosis course if you're

struggling with BP guidelines!
*
FIRST LINE BP MEDICATIONS:

ACE-Inhibitors:

What labs do you

want to monitor? Safety alert: Are
these good for the
kidneys or bad for
the kidneys?
Brainstorm!

Thiazide diuretics:

Bad for those with:

__________
__________
__________

Calcium channel
blockers:

What are the two

typical side effects?

Be sure to check out the

Pharmacology course if
you're struggling with
meds!
 THREE BP MEDS FOR PREGNANT
MAMAS:

Jot down some medications that we

should NOT give to these women!

ISOLATED SYSTOLIC HYPERTENSION:

What is the preferred BP
medication in the elderly with
isolated systolic hypertension?
 PAUSE: DO YOU REMEMBER?

_____________ occurs when there are

variances in heart rate upon
inspiration and expiration

HEART FAILURE:

Diagnostic labs/tests: When should patients

be educated to follow
up with you?

HEART FAILURE VS LVH:

These are not the same friend!
LVH frequently can lead to HF
though!

Extra heart sound in Extra heart sound in

HF: LVH:
 ATRIAL FIBRILLATION:

What two medications are these patients likely on?

Why is an anticoagulant so important?

WARFARIN:

Goal INR:

Antidote:

*Check out the pharmacology course for more specifics

about when to give antidotes!

HOW TO REMEMBER HEART VALVES:

Think to yourself:
All People Take Money

Aortic
Pulmonic
Tricuspid
Mitral
 MURMURS:

Diastolic = Doom
MS. ARD:

_________________________________

*So when you see a diastolic murmur, go

ahead and refer!

MURMURS:

Systolic = these are the only ones that

radiate!

Exam tip: That means if the question says

"The _______ murmur radiates...." then you
know you're looking for an answer choice
that's a systolic murmur

Write out your mnemonic!

MR PASS MVP

Where do each of these radiate to?

Mitral regurgitation:

Aortic stenosis:
 HEART SOUNDS

S1 S2

Don't forget - this is the

only sound heard at the
______ of the heart!

S3 S4

SAFETY ALERT!

When is hearing a split S2

normal?

When is it not?
 PERIPHERAL ARTERIAL DIEASE
Jot down some distinguishing signs & symptoms!

What is our go to diagnostic test?

What is the absolute BIGGEST risk factor?

CHRONIC VENOUS INSUFFICIENCY

Jot down some distinguishing signs &
symptoms!

What can this lead to due to that

pooling of blood?

Expert tip: Remember that Homan's

sign is not considered accurate
anymore.
Therefore, if your patient has a
negative Homan's sign but has DVT s/s
- go ahead and order that doppler!
 PEDIATRICS:

Use this page to jot down all of those super

important pediatric milestones!

When should a baby sit up on its own?

When does separation anxiety start?

When does the posterior fontanelle closer?

When does the anterior fontanelle close?

When does genu varum go away?

When should they start cruising? Start walking?

What are some of the reflexes that are present at

birth?
 VACCINES

Remember the mnemonic from earlier!

We start giving live vaccines at what age?

BILIRUBIN

Jot down the bilirubin level that

you would initiate phototherapy:

REGRESSION:

Make sure you can distinguish

between typical regression and
other underlying issues!
 TANNER STAGES

Girls Boys
Stage 1

Nothing! Nothing!

Stage 2

Stage 3

Stage 4

Stage 5

Everything! Everything!
 EATING DISORDERS

Jot down some of those long term side effects!

What signs/symptoms might you see in a

bulimia patient specifically?

SALTER HARRIS FRACTURES:

These are fractures that occur along the

________________.

Therefore, they must be treated to avoid:

UNDESCENDED TESTES:

What may this lead to

in the future?
 MONGOLIAN SPOTS

Don't get tripped up and mistake these for a sign of

sexual abuse!

What should we educate the parent about in regards

to this condition?

ACUTE OTITIS MEDIA

First plan of attack:

If that doesn't work, then we:

OTITIS EXTERNA

Usual bacterial cause:

Due to this bacteria, we

must treat with:
_____________________
TYMPANIC MEMBRANE RUPTURE

What is the stereotypical patient history?

How are you going to treat it?

*Hint: This is a trick question!

CHOLESTEATOMA

Refer, refer, refer!

Why?

COARCTATION OF THE AORTA:

This is not a diagnosis you'll

want to miss!
What is the distinguishing sign?
 VESICOURETERAL REFLUX:

What should you tell the parents as anticipatory

guidance?

We begin referring out at stage ____

FETAL ALCOHOL SYNDROME

Jot down those signs & symptoms that you may see!

ACNE

What are our basic go-to's in primary care?

What if they have severe cystic acne?

 TURNER'S SYNDROME:

What are some long term effects you

might see in patients with this
condition?

OSGOOD SCHLATTER

What anticipatory guidance should we

give out about this in primary care?

KELOID VS HYPERTROPHIC SCAR

Keloids: grows over a skin

incision or injury

Hypertrophic scars will

_____________ over time!
 HYDROCELE

What should you tell the parents as anticipatory

guidance?

KAWASAKI'S DISEASE:

Jot down those signs & symptoms that you may see!

We absolutely must treat this and

try our best to catch it early!
Aspirin!

PYLORIC STENOSIS VS INTUSSUSCEPTION

Remember our two P's with Pyloric Stenosis!

What are the stereotypical intussuscpetion

symptoms!

___________

___________
HIERARCHY OF EVIDENCE:

Fill in your evidence pyramid!

SPOT FOR EXTRA NOTES!

 FILL IN ALL YOUR MODELS!

Health belief model: Swiss cheese model:

TRANSITIONAL CARE MODEL:

What is it?

Example:

FAMILY SYSTEMS THEORY:

What is it?

Example:
 LEWIN'S CHANGE MODEL:

STAGES OF CHANGE:

Apply this to an example of a patient wanting to

quit smoking!

Pre-contemplation:

Contemplation:

Preparation:

Action:

Maintenance/Relapse:
 LIABILITY INSURANCE

Occurrence based: Claims based:

The key part of getting

this insurance is
*Expert tip: This is what ensuring you have
Sarah Michelle ____________________
recommends for new NPs!
if you leave your job!

ICD 10 CODE VS CPT CODES:

Which one identifies Which one identifies

the diagnosis? the procedures
performed?

Extra: What are the three components

of a chart?
 WHAT GOVERNS NPS?

What sets our scope of practice as NPs?

Who enforces our scope of practice?

INCIDENT TO BILLING

Incident to billing It allows us to reimburse

at ______ instead of 85%

What are the

stipulations?

_________________

SOCIAL HISTORY:

List out your key components of a good

social history!
 MEDICARE:

Part A: Part B:

Part C: Part D:

KEY MEDICARE ITEMS:

Who qualifies for What was the first

Medicare? act that allowed NPs
to bill?

Who funds Medicare?

What was the act
that assigned NPs an
NPI number?
 MEDICAID:

Who funds Medicaid? Who qualifies for

Medicaid?

Less than ______ is What program is

considered being available for children
under the poverty specifically?
level

LEVELS OF PREVENTION
 HITECH ACT:

Define meaningful use:

How is this different from HIPAA?

CULTURAL CONSIDERATIONS

This group uses shamans as healers, and believe

illness to be a punishment:

This group believes that illness is a disruption

between yin and yang - common to see
alternative methods such as cupping.

This group greatly fears blood loss and often

times will stop medications once they are
feeling better!