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    Electro Final

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    Cj Gaming
    This document is a term paper on basic electronics submitted by Emman Louie C. Tamayo to his instructor Fred Lyndon Pechuanco at the University of Antique in Sibalom, Antique on March 27, 2023. The paper addresses questions on semiconductor doping and the principles of operation for diodes, transistors, thyristors and IGBTs. It explains that semiconductors are made positive or negative through doping with donor or acceptor impurities, and describes the basic functioning of diodes, bipolar transistors, field effect transistors, diacs, triacs, SCRs and IGBTs.

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    Electro Final

    Uploaded by

    Cj Gaming
    36 views4 pages
    This document is a term paper on basic electronics submitted by Emman Louie C. Tamayo to his instructor Fred Lyndon Pechuanco at the University of Antique in Sibalom, Antique on March 27, 2023. The paper addresses questions on semiconductor doping and the principles of operation for diodes, transistors, thyristors and IGBTs. It explains that semiconductors are made positive or negative through doping with donor or acceptor impurities, and describes the basic functioning of diodes, bipolar transistors, field effect transistors, diacs, triacs, SCRs and IGBTs.

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    about diodes

    Original Title

    ELECTRO FINAL

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    This document is a term paper on basic electronics submitted by Emman Louie C. Tamayo to his instructor Fred Lyndon Pechuanco at the University of Antique in Sibalom, Antique on March 27, 2023. The paper addresses questions on semiconductor doping and the principles of operation for diodes, transistors, thyristors and IGBTs. It explains that semiconductors are made positive or negative through doping with donor or acceptor impurities, and describes the basic functioning of diodes, bipolar transistors, field effect transistors, diacs, triacs, SCRs and IGBTs.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    36 views4 pages

    Electro Final

    Uploaded by

    Cj Gaming
    This document is a term paper on basic electronics submitted by Emman Louie C. Tamayo to his instructor Fred Lyndon Pechuanco at the University of Antique in Sibalom, Antique on March 27, 2023. The paper addresses questions on semiconductor doping and the principles of operation for diodes, transistors, thyristors and IGBTs. It explains that semiconductors are made positive or negative through doping with donor or acceptor impurities, and describes the basic functioning of diodes, bipolar transistors, field effect transistors, diacs, triacs, SCRs and IGBTs.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    of 4

    TERM PAPER

    BASIC ELECTRONICS
    By AREVALO,CHARLSON A.

    ELECTRO 2M-BASIC ELECTRONICS


    INSTRUCTOR:FRED LYNDON PECHUANCO
    UNIVERSITY OF ANTIQUE
    SIBALOM ANTIQUE
    MARCH 27,2023
    TERM PAPER

    BASIC ELECTRONICS
    By: TAMAYO,EMMAN LOUIE C.

    ELECTRO 2M-BASIC ELECTRONICS


    INSTRUCTOR:FRED LYNDON PECHUANCO
    UNIVERSITY OF ANTIQUE
    SIBALOM ANTIQUE
    MARCH 27,2023
    Questions:
    1.Explain how is semiconductor is made to be positive or negative in producing a
    semiconductor junction.
    -Donor impurities donate negatively charged electrons to the lattice, so a semiconductor that
    has been doped with a donor is called an n-type semiconductor; "n" stands for negative. Free
    electrons outnumber holes in an n-type material, so the electrons are the majority carriers and
    holes are the minority carriers.
    -An extrinsic semiconductor which has been doped with electron acceptor atoms is called a p-
    type semiconductor, “p” stands for positive., because the majority of charge carriers in the
    crystal are positive holes.

    2.Explain the principle of operation for a diode and zener diode.


    - A diode (PN junction) in an electrical circuit allows current to flow more easily in one direction
    than another. Forward biasing means putting a voltage across a diode that allows current to flow
    easily, while reverse biasing means putting a voltage across a diode in the opposite direction.
    - A Zener diode is a silicon semiconductor device that permits current to flow in either a forward
    or reverse direction. The diode consists of a special, heavily doped p-n junction, designed to
    conduct in the reverse direction when a certain specified voltage is reached.

    3.Explain the principle of operation for a bi-polar transistor and field effect transistor.
    - Bipolar transistors conduct current using both electrons and holes in the same device.
    Operation of a bipolar transistor as a current amplifier requires that the collector-base junction
    be reverse biased and the emitter-base junction be forward biased.
    - FET uses the voltage applied to its input terminal (called the Gate), to control the current
    flowing from the source to drain, making the Field Effect Transistor a “Voltage” operated device.
    FETs are extensively used in Integrated Circuits (ICs) due to their compact size and significantly
    lower power consumption.

    4.Explain the principle of operation of diac,triac,SCR and IGBT.


    - When a small positive or negative voltage is applied across the terminals of the diac, a small
    leakage current IBO will flow through the diac. This is because one pn-junction is reverse
    biased.

    - A TRIAC is a bidirectional, three-electrode AC switch that allows electrons to flow in either


    direction. It is the equivalent of two SCRs connected in a reverse-parallel arrangement with
    gates connected to each other. A TRIAC is triggered into conduction in both directions by a gate
    signal like that of an SCR.
    - The basic working principle in the SCR is that as the triggering or the biasing is applied at the
    terminal gate then the conduction begins. As it is a unidirectional device the current will be in a
    single direction.
    - The fundamental function of the IGBT is rather simple. A positive voltage UGE from gate to
    emitter turns on the MOSFET. Then, the voltage connected to the collector can drive the base
    current through the bipolar transistor and the MOSFET; the bipolar transistor turns on and the
    load current can flow.

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