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Gender symbols intertwined. The red (left) is the female Venus symbol. The blue (right) represents the
male Mars symbol.
Gender includes the social, psychological, cultural and behavioral aspects of being a man, woman,
or other gender identity.[1][2] Depending on the context, this may include sex-based social
structures (i.e. gender roles) and gender expression.[3][4][5] Most cultures use a gender binary, in which
gender is divided into two categories, and people are considered part of one or the other
(boys/men and girls/women);[6][7][8] those who are outside these groups may fall under the umbrella
term non-binary. Some societies have specific genders besides "man" and "woman", such as
the hijras of South Asia; these are often referred to as third genders (and fourth genders, etc.). Most
scholars agree that gender is a central characteristic for social organization.[9]
In the mid-20th century, a terminological distinction in modern English (known as the sex and gender
distinction) between biological sex and gender began to develop in the academic areas
of psychology, sexology, and feminism. Before the mid-20th century, it was uncommon to use the
word gender to refer to anything but grammatical categories.[3][1] In the 1970s, feminist
theory embraced the concept of a distinction between biological sex and the social construct of
gender. Most contemporary social scientists,[10][11][12] behavioral scientists and biologists,[13] many legal
systems and government bodies,[14] and intergovernmental agencies such as the WHO,[15] make a
distinction between gender and sex.
The social sciences have a branch devoted to gender studies. Other sciences, such
as psychology, sociology, sexology and neuroscience, are also interested in the subject. The social
sciences sometimes approach gender as a social construct, and gender studies particularly do,
while research in the natural sciences investigates whether biological differences in females and
males influence the development of gender in humans; both inform the debate about how far
biological differences influence the formation of gender identity and gendered
behavior. Biopsychosocial approaches to gender include biological, psychological, and
social/cultural aspects.[16][17]
For the grammatical concept, see Grammatical gender. For other uses, see Gender
(disambiguation).
Gender includes the social, psychological, cultural and behavioral aspects of being a man, woman,
or other gender identity.[1][2] Depending on the context, this may include sex-based social
structures (i.e. gender roles) and gender expression.[3][4][5] Most cultures use a gender binary, in which
gender is divided into two categories, and people are considered part of one or the other
(boys/men and girls/women);[6][7][8] those who are outside these groups may fall under the umbrella
term non-binary. Some societies have specific genders besides "man" and "woman", such as
the hijras of South Asia; these are often referred to as third genders (and fourth genders, etc.). Most
scholars agree that gender is a central characteristic for social organization.[9]
In the mid-20th century, a terminological distinction in modern English (known as the sex and gender
distinction) between biological sex and gender began to develop in the academic areas
of psychology, sexology, and feminism. Before the mid-20th century, it was uncommon to use the
word gender to refer to anything but grammatical categories.[3][1] In the 1970s, feminist
theory embraced the concept of a distinction between biological sex and the social construct of
gender. Most contemporary social scientists,[10][11][12] behavioral scientists and biologists,[13] many legal
systems and government bodies,[14] and intergovernmental agencies such as the WHO,[15] make a
distinction between gender and sex.
The social sciences have a branch devoted to gender studies. Other sciences, such
as psychology, sociology, sexology and neuroscience, are also interested in the subject. The social
sciences sometimes approach gender as a social construct, and gender studies particularly do,
while research in the natural sciences investigates whether biological differences in females and
males influence the development of gender in humans; both inform the debate about how far
biological differences influence the formation of gender identity and gendered
behavior. Biopsychosocial approaches to gender include biological, psychological, and
social/cultural aspects.[16][17]
Gender symbols intertwined. The red (left) is the female Venus symbol. The blue (right) represents the
male Mars symbol.
Gender includes the social, psychological, cultural and behavioral aspects of being a man, woman,
or other gender identity.[1][2] Depending on the context, this may include sex-based social
structures (i.e. gender roles) and gender expression.[3][4][5] Most cultures use a gender binary, in which
gender is divided into two categories, and people are considered part of one or the other
(boys/men and girls/women);[6][7][8] those who are outside these groups may fall under the umbrella
term non-binary. Some societies have specific genders besides "man" and "woman", such as
the hijras of South Asia; these are often referred to as third genders (and fourth genders, etc.). Most
scholars agree that gender is a central characteristic for social organization.[9]
In the mid-20th century, a terminological distinction in modern English (known as the sex and gender
distinction) between biological sex and gender began to develop in the academic areas
of psychology, sexology, and feminism. Before the mid-20th century, it was uncommon to use the
word gender to refer to anything but grammatical categories.[3][1] In the 1970s, feminist
theory embraced the concept of a distinction between biological sex and the social construct of
gender. Most contemporary social scientists,[10][11][12] behavioral scientists and biologists,[13] many legal
systems and government bodies,[14] and intergovernmental agencies such as the WHO,[15] make a
distinction between gender and sex.
The social sciences have a branch devoted to gender studies. Other sciences, such
as psychology, sociology, sexology and neuroscience, are also interested in the subject. The social
sciences sometimes approach gender as a social construct, and gender studies particularly do,
while research in the natural sciences investigates whether biological differences in females and
males influence the development of gender in humans; both inform the debate about how far
biological differences influence the formation of gender identity and gendered
behavior. Biopsychosocial approaches to gender include biological, psychological, and
social/cultural aspects.[16][17]