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    Divergence Between PJM - NE-ISO - MISO and NERC GADS 2016

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    sams
    There are several differences between how NERC GADS and regional transmission organizations like PJM, NE-ISO, and MISO calculate reliability metrics from generator outage data. Some key differences include: (1) how net vs gross capacity is treated, (2) how equivalent forced outage hours are calculated, (3) how outside management control events are handled, and (4) how EFORd is calculated, including treatment of reserve shutdown hours and cross-year events. The document outlines these differences and provides details on the calculations used by each organization.

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    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Divergence Between PJM - NE-ISO - MISO and NERC GADS 2016

    Uploaded by

    sams
    18 views10 pages
    There are several differences between how NERC GADS and regional transmission organizations like PJM, NE-ISO, and MISO calculate reliability metrics from generator outage data. Some key differences include: (1) how net vs gross capacity is treated, (2) how equivalent forced outage hours are calculated, (3) how outside management control events are handled, and (4) how EFORd is calculated, including treatment of reserve shutdown hours and cross-year events. The document outlines these differences and provides details on the calculations used by each organization.

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    Divergence between PJM_NE-ISO_MISO and NERC GADS 2016

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    There are several differences between how NERC GADS and regional transmission organizations like PJM, NE-ISO, and MISO calculate reliability metrics from generator outage data. Some key differences include: (1) how net vs gross capacity is treated, (2) how equivalent forced outage hours are calculated, (3) how outside management control events are handled, and (4) how EFORd is calculated, including treatment of reserve shutdown hours and cross-year events. The document outlines these differences and provides details on the calculations used by each organization.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    18 views10 pages

    Divergence Between PJM - NE-ISO - MISO and NERC GADS 2016

    Uploaded by

    sams
    There are several differences between how NERC GADS and regional transmission organizations like PJM, NE-ISO, and MISO calculate reliability metrics from generator outage data. Some key differences include: (1) how net vs gross capacity is treated, (2) how equivalent forced outage hours are calculated, (3) how outside management control events are handled, and (4) how EFORd is calculated, including treatment of reserve shutdown hours and cross-year events. The document outlines these differences and provides details on the calculations used by each organization.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 10

    Divergence Between

    PJM/NE-ISO/MISO and
    NERC GADS
    GADS Data Reporting Workshop
    Instructor: Wing Cheng

    1 RELIABILITY | ACCOUNTABILITY
    Divergence between PJM/NE-
    ISO/MISO and NERC GADS

    Differences:
    • Net vs. Gross Capacity
    • Calculation of Equivalent Hours
    • Outside Management Control Cause Code
    • Outside Management Control Startup Count
    • Cross-Year Events
    • Additive vs. Dominant Events
    • EFORd Calculation

    2 RELIABILITY | ACCOUNTABILITY
    Net vs. Gross Capacity

    NERC:
    • Accepts and applies both gross and net capacity

    PJM/NE-ISO/MISO:
    • Accepts and applies only net capacity
    • Gross capacity is accepted and passed along to NERC
    but not used in any calculation

    3 RELIABILITY | ACCOUNTABILITY
    Calculation of Equivalent Hours

    NERC:
    Eq. Hrs = (Duration of Derate) X (Size of Reduction)
    Net Maximum Capacity

    PJM/NE-ISO/MISO:
    Eq. Hrs = (Duration of Derate) X (Size of Reduction)
    Net Dependable Capacity

    Size Of Reduction = determined by subtracting the Net Available


    Capacity (NAC) from the Net Dependable Capacity (NDC)

    4 RELIABILITY | ACCOUNTABILITY
    Outside Management Control
    Cause Codes

    NERC/NE-ISO/MISO:
    A full list of OMC cause codes can be found
    in Appendix K of the NERC GADS DRI

    PJM:
    PJM may reject the use of OMC cause code
    on a case-by-case basis

    5 RELIABILITY | ACCOUNTABILITY
    Outside Management Control
    Startup Count

    NERC OMC Calculation:


    When a full OMC event is removed during
    calculation, the count of starts at the end of the
    event is reduced accordingly

    PJM/NE-ISO/MISO OMC Calculation:


    When a full OMC event is removed during
    calculation, the count of start at the end of the
    event is left as-is

    6 RELIABILITY | ACCOUNTABILITY
    Cross-Year Events

    NERC:
    Events must end at the end of the year

    PJM/NE-ISO/MISO:
    Events can stay open across different years

    7 RELIABILITY | ACCOUNTABILITY
    Additive vs. Dominant Events
    NAC NAC

    0 0

    NERC/MISO:
    All derates are additives by Default

    User has the option to indicate which derate is dominant

    NE-ISO/PJM:
    All derates are additives by Default
    User does not have the option to indicate which derate is dominant.
    Reason:
    1) Easy to Interpret
    2) Prevent Abuse (hiding forced derate behind non-forced derate)
    3) Stay consistent with real-time outage reporting system (eDART) for
    cross-check validation
    8 RELIABILITY | ACCOUNTABILITY
    EFORd Calculation

    NERC:
    EFORd = FOHd + (EFDHd) x 100%
    SH + FOHd
    where
    FOHd = f x FOH
    EFDHd = (EFDH – EFDHRS) if reserve shutdown events reported, or
    (fp x EFDH) if no reserve shutdown events reported
    fp=Partial F-Factor = (SH/AH)
    f =F-Factor = (1/r + 1/T) / (1/r + 1/T + 1/D)

    r = Average Forced outage deration = (FOH) / (# of FO occurrences)


    D = Average demand time = (SH) / (# of unit actual starts)
    T = Average reserve shutdown time = (RSH) / (# of unit attempted starts)

    PJM/NE-ISO/MISO:
    EFORd = FOHd + (EFDHd) x 100%
    SH+Synch Hour+FOHd
    where
    FOHd = f x FOH
    EFDHd = (fp x EFDH) (regardless of reserve shutdown events reported or not)
    fp=Partial F-Factor = (SH+Synch Hour /AH)
    f =F-Factor = (1/r + 1/T) / (1/r + 1/T + 1/D)

    r = Average Forced outage deration = (FOH) / (# of FO occurrences)


    D = Average demand time = (SH+Synch Hour) / (# of unit actual starts)
    T = Average reserve shutdown time = (RSH) / (# of unit attempted starts)
    9 RELIABILITY | ACCOUNTABILITY
    EFORd Calculation

    NERC:
    “Typically performance indexes are calculated using performance data over at least a year.
    However, if any of the variables SH, FOH, or RSH is zero in a period, one practice has
    been to assign a default value of 0.001 for computing indexes. Similarly, if any of the
    variables “number of FOH occurrences”, "number of attempted starts", or "number of
    actual starts" is zero in the period, a value of 1 is assigned for computing indexes. The
    default values can give meaningless indices in some cases as indicated in Table H-1.
    Discretion based on history and other factors may be used to estimate FORd and EFORd
    even if they can be calculated using the equations in the standard in some cases“.

    PJM/NE-ISO/MISO:
    If reserve hours < 1 Then f =1
    Else if (SH + Synch Hours) = 0 Then f = 1
    Else if (1/r + 1/T + 1/D) = 0 Then f = 0
    Else if # of FO occurrences = 0 or FOH = 0 Then 1/r = 0
    Else if RSH = 0 or # of unit attempted starts = 0 Then 1/T = 0
    Else if # of unit actual starts = 0 or (SH + Synch Hours) = 0 Then 1/D = 0
    Else if (SH+RSH+Synch Hours) = 0 Then fp = 0
    Else if ((SH + Synch Hours) + (f x FOH)) = 0 Then EFORd = 0

    10 RELIABILITY | ACCOUNTABILITY

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