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    Phylum Arthropoda: Animals With Coelom Which Is Reduce and Modified

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    TjReyan Khan
    The document provides an overview of the phylum Arthropoda. It discusses that arthropods have segmented bodies and jointed appendages. They exhibit metamerism and molting. Their bodies are divided into regions including the head, thorax, and abdomen. Respiration occurs via books lungs, trachea, or gills. The document then describes the classification of Arthropoda, including subphyla such as Chelicerata and Crustacea. It provides examples of classes within these groups such as Arachnida, Malacostraca, and Hexapoda (insects and relatives). The orders within Hexapoda are also outlined.

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    Phylum Arthropoda: Animals With Coelom Which Is Reduce and Modified

    Uploaded by

    TjReyan Khan
    23 views5 pages
    The document provides an overview of the phylum Arthropoda. It discusses that arthropods have segmented bodies and jointed appendages. They exhibit metamerism and molting. Their bodies are divided into regions including the head, thorax, and abdomen. Respiration occurs via books lungs, trachea, or gills. The document then describes the classification of Arthropoda, including subphyla such as Chelicerata and Crustacea. It provides examples of classes within these groups such as Arachnida, Malacostraca, and Hexapoda (insects and relatives). The orders within Hexapoda are also outlined.

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    The document provides an overview of the phylum Arthropoda. It discusses that arthropods have segmented bodies and jointed appendages. They exhibit metamerism and molting. Their bodies are divided into regions including the head, thorax, and abdomen. Respiration occurs via books lungs, trachea, or gills. The document then describes the classification of Arthropoda, including subphyla such as Chelicerata and Crustacea. It provides examples of classes within these groups such as Arachnida, Malacostraca, and Hexapoda (insects and relatives). The orders within Hexapoda are also outlined.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    23 views5 pages

    Phylum Arthropoda: Animals With Coelom Which Is Reduce and Modified

    Uploaded by

    TjReyan Khan
    The document provides an overview of the phylum Arthropoda. It discusses that arthropods have segmented bodies and jointed appendages. They exhibit metamerism and molting. Their bodies are divided into regions including the head, thorax, and abdomen. Respiration occurs via books lungs, trachea, or gills. The document then describes the classification of Arthropoda, including subphyla such as Chelicerata and Crustacea. It provides examples of classes within these groups such as Arachnida, Malacostraca, and Hexapoda (insects and relatives). The orders within Hexapoda are also outlined.

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    of 5

    PHYLUM ARTHROPODA

     Arthropods are commonly known as Jointed-legs.


     Body of arthropods divided in to three distinct region Head, Thorax and Abdomen, but
    in some (prawn and crab) Head and Thorax are fused together called Cephalothorax.
     Arthropods are Bilaterally Symmetrical, Triploblastic, Metamerically Segmented
    Animals with Coelom which is reduce and modified.
     Animals that shows metamerism with tagmatization, a jointed exoskeleton and a ventral
    nervous system.
     Chitinous Exoskeleton that provide support and protection and is modified to form
    sensory structure.
     Excretion takes place by Malpighian Tubules.
     Respiration by Gills in aquatic form, Trachea in insects and Book lungs in scorpion.
     Complete digestive tract, mouth and anus lies at opposite ends of the body.
     Arthropods have many open spaces in which body fluid and blood (cells) is mixed called
    Haemocoel.
     Arthropods have Open Circulatory System with dorsal heart and arteries but without
    capillaries).
     Shedding of old exoskeleton and forming new called Molting (Ecdysis) by the action of
    hormone (Ecdysone) which release from (Prothoracic gland).
     Metamorphosis
     Complete metamorphosis (Egg---Larva---Pupa---Adult). Eg: Butterfly
     Incomplete metamorphosis (Egg---Nymph---Adult). Eg: Grasshopper, Silver fish
     Study of insects called Entomology.
     Insects having wings for flight called Pterygota. Eg: Mosquito
     Insects having no wings called A-Pterygota. Eg: Silver fish
     Forming (culturing) of honey bee called Apiculture.
     Forming of silk worm (Bombex mori) called Sericulture.

    Dr. Santosh Kumar


    CLASSIFICATION OF THE PHYLUM ARTHROPODA

    1. Sub-phylum: Trilobitomorpha:
     Marine, all extinct, lived from Cambrian to Carboniferous periods.
     Body is divided into three longitudinal lobes, Head, Thorax and Abdomen present.
     One pair of antennae and biramous appendages.

    2. Sub-phylum: Chelicerata:
     Body usually divided into prosoma (cephalothorax) and opisthosoma (abdomen).
     The prosoma is a sensory, feeding and locomotor tagma. Paired appendages
    attached to the prosoma. The first pair of appendages are Chelicerae. The second
    pair of appendages are Pedipalps.
     Posterior to the prosoma is the opisthosoma, which contain digestive, reproductive,
    excretory and respiratory organ.

    a) Class: Merostomata:
     Marine, with book gills on opisthosoma.
     Two sub-classes: a) Eurpterida: group of extinct arthropods called giant water
    scorpion. b) Xiphosura: the horseshoe crabs.
    Eg: Limulus (King crab)

    b) Class: Arachnida:
     Mostly terrestrial, with book lungs, trachea or both.
     Usually four pairs of walking legs in adult.
    Eg: Spider, Scorpion, Ticks, Mites, Harvestmen.

    c) Class: Pycnogonida:
     Reduce abdomen, no special respiratory or excretory structure.
     Four to six pairs of walking legs.
    Eg: Sea spider

    3. Sub-phylum: Crustacea:
     Most aquatic, head with two pairs of antennae.
     One pair of mandibles and two pairs of maxillae.
     Biramous appendages.

    a) Class: Remipedia:
     Cave-dwelling crustaceans from the Caribbean, Indian Ocean and Australia.
     Body with approximately 30 segments that bear uniform.
     Biramous appendages.

    Dr. Santosh Kumar


    b) Class: Cephalocarida:
     Marine, Small (3mm), crustaceans with uniform, leaf like,
     Triramous appendages.

    c) Class: Branchiopoda:
     Flattened, leaf like appendages used in respiration, filter feeding, locomotion.
     Found mostly in fresh water.
    Eg: Fairy shrimp, Brine shrimp, Clam shrimp, Water fleas.

    d) Class: Malacostraca:
     Appendages possibly modification for crawling, feeding, swimming.
    Eg: Lobsters, Cray fish, Crabs, Shrimps, Isopods (terrestrial), Prawn,

    e) Class: Maxillopoda:
     Five head, six thoracic and four abdominal somites plus a telson.
     Thoracic segments variously fused with the head, abdominal segments lack
    typical appendages and abdomen often reduce.
    Eg: Barnacles, Copepods.

    4. Sub-phylum: Myriapoda:
     Body is divided into Head and Trunk.
     Four pairs of head appendages.
     Uniramous appendages.

    a) Class: Diplopoda:
     Two pairs of legs per apparent segment, body usually round section.
    Eg: Millipedes.
    b) Class: Chliopoda:
     One pair of legs per segment, body oval in cross section.
    Eg: Millipedes.

    5. Sub-phylum: Hexapoda:
     Body divided into Head, Thorax and Abdomen.
     Five pairs of head appendages.
     Three pairs of uniramous appendages on the thorax.
    Eg: Insects and their relatives.

    Dr. Santosh Kumar


    ORDERS OF CLASS HEXAPODA

    Sub-class: A-Pterygota: Insects having no wings.


    1. Thysanura: (Silverfish, Firebrate, Bristle tail)
    2. Protura: (Telson tail)
    3. Diplura: (Two Pronged Bristle-tails)
    4. Collembola: (Springtails, Snow fleas)
    a. Suborder: (Arthropleona)
    b. Suborder: (Symphypleona)

    Sub-class: Pterygota: Insects having wings for flight.

    Division: Exopterygota (Hemimatabola):


    5. Ephemeroptera: (Mayflies)
    6. Odonata: (Dragonflies, Damselflies)
    a. Suborder: Anisoptera
    b. Suborder: Zygoptera
    7. Plecoptera: (Stoneflies, Salmoflies, Perlids)
    8. Grylloblatodea: (Grylloblattids)
    9. Orthoptera: (Straight wings) Grasshopper, locust, cricket)
    a. Suborder: Ensifera
    b. Suborder: Caelifera
    10. Phasmida: (Stick-Insects, leaf insects)
    11. Dermaptera: (Earwigs)
    12. Embioptera: (Web Spinners)
    13. Dictyoptera: (Cockroaches, Mantids)
    a. Suborder: Blattaria
    b. Suborder: Mantodea
    14. Isoptera: (Termites or White ants)
    15. Zoraptera: (Ninute Lice)
    16. Psocoptera: (Bark and Book Lice)
    17. Mallophaga: (Biting Lice)
    18. Siphunculata (Anoplura): (Sucking Lice)
    19. Hemiptera: (True Bugs)
    20. Thysanoptera: (Thirps)
    21. Hetroptera: (Painted bugs, Rice black bud)
    22. Homoptera: (Jassids, Aphids, White flies, Mealy Bugs, leafhoppers)

    Dr. Santosh Kumar


    Division: Endopterygota (Holometabola)
    23. Neuropter: (Lace wings, Net winged insects, Antlions, Snake flies, Alderflies,
    Dobson flies)
    24. Coleoptera: (Beetles, Weevils)
    25. Strepsiptera: (Stylopids or twisted wing parasites)
    26. Mecoptera: (Scorpionflies)
    27. Siphonaptera: (Fleas)
    28. Diptera (Two wings): True Flies, Mosquito
    29. Lepidoptera: (Butterflies, Moths)
    30. Trichoptera: (Caddis Flies)
    31. Hymenoptera: (Ants, Bees, Wasps, Saw flies)

    Dr. Santosh Kumar

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