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    Priapism

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    Lucky
    The document lists several classes of medications that are known to increase the risk of priapism, including antipsychotics, antidepressants, erectile dysfunction medications, blood pressure medications, and stimulants. It provides examples of specific drugs within each class that have been associated with priapism. The list also includes hormones, anticogulants, and some medications used to treat attention deficit hyperactivity disorder.

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    Priapism

    Uploaded by

    Lucky
    43 views4 pages
    The document lists several classes of medications that are known to increase the risk of priapism, including antipsychotics, antidepressants, erectile dysfunction medications, blood pressure medications, and stimulants. It provides examples of specific drugs within each class that have been associated with priapism. The list also includes hormones, anticogulants, and some medications used to treat attention deficit hyperactivity disorder.

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    The document lists several classes of medications that are known to increase the risk of priapism, including antipsychotics, antidepressants, erectile dysfunction medications, blood pressure medications, and stimulants. It provides examples of specific drugs within each class that have been associated with priapism. The list also includes hormones, anticogulants, and some medications used to treat attention deficit hyperactivity disorder.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    43 views4 pages

    Priapism

    Uploaded by

    Lucky
    The document lists several classes of medications that are known to increase the risk of priapism, including antipsychotics, antidepressants, erectile dysfunction medications, blood pressure medications, and stimulants. It provides examples of specific drugs within each class that have been associated with priapism. The list also includes hormones, anticogulants, and some medications used to treat attention deficit hyperactivity disorder.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
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    Priapism

    Medicine class Examples


    Medicines recognised as increasing the risk of priapism (adapted from Salonia et al)
    Antipsychotics & risperidone, olanzapine, clozapine, chlorpromazine, quetiapine, sertraline, citalopram, escitalopram,
    Antidepressants lithium, fluoxetine, trifluoperazine, pericyazine
    Vasoactive erectile agents alprostadil, papaverine
    α-adrenergic receptor doxazosin, tamsulosin, terazosin, prazosin
    antagonists
    Antihypertensives hydralazine, propranolol
    Anticoagulants heparin, warfarin
    Hormones testosterone, gonadotropin-releasing hormone
    Medicines that have been reported to cause priapism
    Phosphodiesterase type 5 sildenafil, tadalafil
    inhibitors
    Medicines used for ADHD methylphenidate, atomoxetine

    Hormone, stimulants, pde5, antidepressant antipsychotics(done, zapine, mazine, ine, pram, lithium, tine,zine), anticoag, osin, htn
    HYPOkalemia HYPERkalemia
    Serum potassium < 3.5 mEq/L. Serum potassium > 5.0 mEq/L
    Causes include: Caused by
    inadequate intake Release from cells
    GI Losses Metabolic acidosis
    NG suction Pseudohyperkalemia (blood draw)
    diarrhea Insulin deficiency (ie DKA)
    vomiting  Beta blockers
    Cellular shift Exercise
    Insulin Hemolysis
    Beta agonists: epi, dobutamin: vasodilator Crush injury
    Metabolic alkalosis Burns
    Renal Losses Decreased renal excretion
    Diuretics aldosterone deficiency
    Increased mineralocorticoid activity renal insufficiency
    RTA Drugs 
    Hypomagnesemia NSAIDS
    spironolactone
    ACE inhibitors
    succinylcholine 
    Trimethoprim  
    Treatment Treatment
    Treat underlying cause Repeat blood draws to verify hyperkalemia
    Give oral and / or IV potassium replacement traumatic venipuncture may lyse RBCs and falsely increase K+
    Magnesium deficiency will make potassium level
    replacement difficult  Values > 6.5 and / or EKG changes require emergent treatment
    replace magnesium Give calcium gluconate for cardiac stabilization 
    K sparing diuretics Shift K into cells with sodium
    bicarbonate,albuterol, and insulin/glucose 
    Give Kayexalate and loop diuretics to remove K from body.
    Dialysis is an option in patients with renal failure
    Hypocalcemia: thyroid, mg, D, pancreat, blood Hypercalcemia
     Causes include  Causes include
    o hypoparathyroidism o malignancy (most common symptomatic cause)
    o acute pancreatitis o hyperparathyroid disorders (most common
    o medullary thyroid cancer asymptomatic cause)
    o hypomagnesium o bone disorders
    o lack of vitamin D  o kidney disorders
    o blood transfusion
     Serum pH affects the homeostasis of the 3
    forms of plasma calcium (ionized calcium,
    albumin-bound calcium, and calcium bound to
    inorganice and organic anions).
    o increase in pH can result in reversible
    symptoms of hypocalcemia 
    Presentation Presentation
     Symptoms  Symptoms
    o abdominal pain, tetany, muscle o Bones: fractures
    cramps, dyspnea, perioral tingling, o Stones: nephrolithiasis
    convulsions, mental status changes o Groans: anorexia, vomiting, constipation 
    Physical exam o psychic overtones, weakness, fatigue, altered
     hyperactive reflexes  mental status
     carpal tunnel spasm after blood pressure
    readings (Trousseau's Sign)
     facial muscle contractions after tapping on the
    facial nerve (Chvostek's Sign)
    Treatment Treatment
     Treat underlying cause  Calcium restriction
     Give calcium gluconate  IV hydration (watch for CHF) 
     Vitamin D supplement o followed by furosemide diuresis ("loops lose
    calcium")
     In severe cases:
    o calcitonin
    o pamidronate (and bisphosphonates especially for
    hypercalcemia of malignancy) 
    o corticosteroids
     Avoid thiazide diuretic

    1) Adalat CC(nifedipine)
    Adalat XL
    2) Nifedipine
    3) Lialda(Mesalamine)
    4) Asacol(mesalamine)
    Asacol HD
    5) Cardura XL(Doxazosin)
    6) Concerta(methylphenidate)
    7) Ditropan XL (Oxybutin)
    8) Dynacirc CR (Isradipine), anti HTN
    9) Exalgo(hydromorphone)
    10) Jurnista (hydromorphone CR)
    11) Fortamet
    12) Glucophage XR
    13) Glucotrol XL (glipizide)
    14) Glumetza (metformin hydrochloride)
    15) Invega
    16) K-Tab
    17) Klor-Con
    18) Lopresor SR(metoprolol)
    19) OxyContin(Oxycodone)
    20) Pristiq(desvenlafaxine)
    21) Rayos(prednisone)
    22) Sudafed 24 Hour
    23) Tegretol XR(Carbamazepine)
    24) Urocit-K

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