GRADE

SHS
K to 12 BEC

General Biology 2 Activity Sheet

QUARTER 3 - MELC 1
Week 1
Processes Involved in Genetic Engineering

REGION VI-WESTERN VISAYAS

SHS General Biology I
Activity Sheet No. 1 – Processes Involved in Genetic Engineering
First Edition, 2020

Published in the Philippines

By the Department of Education
Region 6 – Western Visayas

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Development Team of Science Activity Sheet

Writers: EVA R. BERLANDINO

Content and Language Editing:

Dr. MARY CHERRY LYNN M. DALIPE

Division of Aklan Management Team:

Dr. MIGUEL MAC D. APOSIN, CESOV
Mr. SAMUEL J. MALAYO
Dr. DOBIE P. PAROHINOG
Dr. MARY CHERRY LYNN M. DALIPE
Mr. MAHNNIE Q. TOLENTINO

Regional Management Team

Dir. RAMIR B. UYTICO EDD, CESO IV
Dr. PEDRO T. ESCOBARTE, JR., CESO V
Dr. ELENA P. GONZAGA
Mr. DONALD T. GENINE
Dr. MARY CHERRY LYNN M. DALIPE

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Introductory Message
Welcome to SHS General Biology I!

The Learning Activity Sheet is a product of the collaborative efforts of the Schools
Division of Aklan and DepEd Regional Office VI - Western Visayas through the Curriculum and
Learning Management Division (CLMD). This is developed to guide the learning facilitators
(teachers, parents and responsible adults) in helping the learners meet the standards set by
the K to 12 Basic Education Curriculum.

The Learning Activity Sheet is self-directed instructional materials aimed to guide the
learners in accomplishing activities at their own pace and time using the contextualized
resources in the community. This will also assist the learners in acquiring the lifelong learning
skills, knowledge and attitudes for productivity and employment.

For learning facilitator:

The SHS General Biology I Activity Sheet will help you facilitate the teaching-learning
activities specified in each Most Essential Learning Competency (MELC) with minimal or no
face-to-face encounter between you and learner. This will be made available to the learners
with the references/links to ease the independent learning.

For the learner:

The SHS General Biology I Activity Sheet is developed to help you continue learning
even if you are not in school. This learning material provides you with meaningful and engaging
activities for independent learning. Being an active learner, carefully read and understand the
instructions then perform the activities and answer the assessments. This will be returned to
your facilitator on the agreed schedule.

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Name of Learner:___________________________________________________________
Grade and Section:_________________________________________ Date: ___________

SHS GENERAL BIOLOGY I ACTIVITY SHEET No. 1

Processes Involved in Genetic Engineering

I. Learning Competency with Code

Outline the processes involved in genetic engineering (STEM_BIO11/12-IIIa-b-6)

II. Background Information for Learners

The process of genetic engineering is not a simple task, it requires complex machinery
and innovative minds. Since farming began, humans have been selectively breeding different
plants, doing so provided more food and better food for all. This process is genetic engineering
in much simpler terms than we think of it today.

In simple perspective, genetic engineering is the process of manually transferring

genetic information from one organism to another. But, when one thinks of the processes in
genetic engineering they are more likely to picture a complicated science which
involves altering the very building blocks of life.

Genetic engineering is accomplished in three basic steps. These are (1) The isolation
of DNA fragments from a donor organism; (2) The insertion of an isolated donor DNA
fragment into a vector genome and (3) The growth of a recombinant vector in an
appropriate host.

1st
4th

5th

3rd

2nd

https://images.app.goo.gl/MhHEuYajesop8u1c6

Figure 1. An illustration that shows

- 1the
- processes in genetic engineering.
 The Process of Genetic Engineering
Genetic engineering is the process of using recombinant DNA (rDNA) technology to alter the
genetic makeup of an organism. Traditionally, humans have manipulated genomes indirectly
by controlling breeding and selecting offspring with desired traits. Genetic engineering involves
the direct manipulation of one or more genes. Most often, a gene from another species is added
to an organism's genome to give it a desired phenotype.

One of the most amazing things about life on earth which we often take for granted is that all
life uses the same DNA code to store its information and create proteins. Because all of life
uses the same DNA code, we are now able to combine DNA from one species with another in
order to produce proteins in new and different ways which is revolutionizing science and
medicine. The bacterial plasmids which you already know about are often very crucial for these
genetic engineering techniques. There are several steps in the process of genetic engineering.
Scientist follow a step-by-step process in order to alter the DNA of an organism.

As shown in Figure 1, the first stage of the process is to identify the section of DNA that
contains required gene from the source chromosome. Second stage, extract the required
gene. Third stage, bacterial plasmid is removed from the bacterial cell and cut open using
enzymes. Fourth stage, insert plasmid into host cell and sealed using enzymes. Fifth stage,
grow transformed cells to produce a genetically modified organism (GMO).

Genetic engineering involves the direct manipulation of one or more genes. Most
often, a gene from another species is added to an organism's genome to give it a desired
phenotype.

III. Activity Proper

Activity 1.

Directions: Arrange in sequence the process of genetic engineering from first to last by writing
1 – 5 on the box provided before each stages.

The modified plasmid is inserted into the host bacterial cell to produce a
genetically modified organism.

The bacterial plasmid is removed from the bacterial cell and cut open using
enzymes.

The identified gene is extracted from the chromosome using enzymes.

The required gene is inserted into the bacterial plasmid and sealed using
enzymes.

The section of DNA that contains the required gene is identified.

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 Activity 1.

Directions. Study the figures below. Choose the correct process of genetic engineering inside
the box and write your answers on the box provided for each step.

* multiplying the plasmid in bacteria * identification of the gene interest

* removal of plasmid from bacterial cell * required gene is inserted into bacterial plasmid
* identified gene is extracted from the chromosome

____________________ ____________________
____________________ ____________________

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IV. Reflection
Complete the statements below.

I understand
__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________

I don’t understand
__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________

I need more information about

__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
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V. Answer Key

Step 5: multiplying the plasmid in bacteria

bacterial plasmid
Step 4: required gene is inserted into

cell
Step 3: removal of plasmid from bacterial
1
chromosome 4
Step 2: identified gene is extracted from the 2
3
Step 1: identification of gene interest 5

Activity 1 Activity 2

VI. Links and/or Other References

Greenaway, P.J. (2008). Basic Steps in Genetic Engineering.
https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00207238008737419

National 5 Biology. Unit 1 Cell Biology Chapter 6.

https://sites.google.com/a/edubuzz.org/nat5biopl/unit-1-cell-biology/6-genetic-
engineering

The Basics of Genetic Engineering (The Process of Genetic Engineering).

https://sites.psu.edu/english202geneticengineering/genetic-engineering/how-it-
works/

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