Me 323 - Machine Elements (10-13 Module
Me 323 - Machine Elements (10-13 Module
Me 323 - Machine Elements (10-13 Module
College of Engineering
Office of the Program Coordinator
LEARNING MODULE
COMPILED BY:
2020
This module is a property of Technological University of the Philippines Visayas and intended
for EDUCATIONAL PURPOSES ONLY and is NOT FOR SALE NOR FOR REPRODUCTION.
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VISION
The Technological University of the Philippines shall be the premier state university
with recognized excellence in engineering and technology at par with leading universities in
the ASEAN region.
MISSION
The University shall provide higher and advanced vocational, technical, industrial,
technological and professional education and training in industries and technology, and in
practical arts leading to certificates, diplomas and degrees.
It shall provide progressive leadership in applied research, developmental studies in
technical, industrial, and technological fields and production using indigenous materials; effect
technology transfer in the countryside; and assist in the development of small-and-medium
scale industries in identified growth center. (Reference: P.D. No. 1518, Section 2)
QUALITY POLICY
The Technological University of the Philippines shall commit to provide quality higher
and advanced technological education; conduct relevant research and extension projects;
continually improve its value to customers through enhancement of personnel competence and
effective quality management system compliant to statutory and regulatory requirements; and
adhere to its core values.
CORE VALUES
This module is a property of Technological University of the Philippines Visayas and intended
for EDUCATIONAL PURPOSES ONLY and is NOT FOR SALE NOR FOR REPRODUCTION.
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page Numbers
TUP Vision, Mission, Quality Policy, and Core Values ii
Table of Contents iii
Course Description iv
Learning Outcomes v
General Guidelines/Class Rules v
Grading System v
Belt Drive
I. EXPECTED COMPETENCIES
II. THEORIES / PRINCIPLES
III. TOOLS, EQUIPMENT & MATERIALS
IV. TASKS (STEPS) & KEY POINTS
V. TEST REVIEW EXERCISES
VI. PRODUCTIVITY TEST SHEET/RUBRICS
Chain Drive
I. EXPECTED COMPETENCIES
II. THEORIES / PRINCIPLES
III. TOOLS, EQUIPMENT & MATERIALS
IV. TASKS (STEPS) & KEY POINTS
V. TEST REVIEW EXERCISES
VI. PRODUCTIVITY TEST SHEET/RUBRICS
List of References
About the Author/s
This module is a property of Technological University of the Philippines Visayas and intended
for EDUCATIONAL PURPOSES ONLY and is NOT FOR SALE NOR FOR REPRODUCTION.
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COURSE DESCRIPTION
This subject treats of the motion and forms of the parts of a machine, and the manner
of supporting and guiding them, independent of their strength. It includes motion analysis of
a rigid body, gears, cams, belts, ropes, chains, and trains.
COURSE OUTCOMES
LO1: Apply fundamental concepts and analytical skills in mathematics and Science to address
Mechanical Engineering problems.
LO2: Design a system of component or process by using techniques, skills and modern
engineering tools conducting experiments, analyzing and interpreting data to meet desired needs within
the realistic constraints in accordance with standards for Mechanical Engineering.
1. Make-up exams and quizzes will be given only with prior approval of the instructor and
under exceptional circumstances. For excused absences during the exam, the university
policy will be followed.
2. Students are not allowed to leave the classroom once the class has started, unless
extremely necessary. Students who leave the classroom without any valid reason will
be marked absent.
3. Students are expected to comply strictly with the university rule on dress code,
classroom tardiness and attendance.
4. Cell phones or any 3-gadgets must be switched off or put in a silent mode during class
hours, except when allowed by the instructor for activities that require use of such
gadgets.
This module is a property of Technological University of the Philippines Visayas and intended
for EDUCATIONAL PURPOSES ONLY and is NOT FOR SALE NOR FOR REPRODUCTION.
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GRADING SYSTEM
Final Grade : (Prelim Grade x 0.30) + (Mid-term Grade x 0.30) + (End term Grade x
0.40)]
This module is a property of Technological University of the Philippines Visayas and intended
for EDUCATIONAL PURPOSES ONLY and is NOT FOR SALE NOR FOR REPRODUCTION.
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BELT DRIVES
I. Expected Competencies
The primary function of a belt or chain drive is identical to that of a gear drive. All three
of these mechanisms are used to transfer power between rotating shafts. However, the use of
gears becomes impractical when the distance between the shafts is large. Both belt and chain
drives offer the flexibility of efficient operation at large and small center distances.
Belts
The function of a belt drive is to transmit rotational motion and torque from one shaft
to another, smoothly, quietly, and inexpensively. Belt drives provide the best overall
combination of design flexibility, low cost, low maintenance, ease of operation, and space
savings.
Less expensive
Have flexible shaft center distances, where gear drives are restricted
Operates smoothly and with less noise during high speed
This module is a property of Technological University of the Philippines Visayas and intended
for EDUCATIONAL PURPOSES ONLY and is NOT FOR SALE NOR FOR REPRODUCTION.
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Flat Belt
Is the simplest type but is typically limited to low-torque applications because the
driving force is restricted to pure friction between the belt and pulley.
This module is a property of Technological University of the Philippines Visayas and intended
for EDUCATIONAL PURPOSES ONLY and is NOT FOR SALE NOR FOR REPRODUCTION.
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V Belt
Is the most widely used type of belt, particularly in automotive and industrial machines.
The V shape causes the belt to wedge tightly into the pulley, increasing friction and allowing
higher operating torque.
Cog Belt
It has grooves formed on the inner surface. This feature increases belt flexibility,
allowing the belt to turn smaller radii. Thus, it can be used on the smaller pulleys, reducing the
size of the drive.
This module is a property of Technological University of the Philippines Visayas and intended
for EDUCATIONAL PURPOSES ONLY and is NOT FOR SALE NOR FOR REPRODUCTION.
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Timing Belt
It has gear-like teeth that engages with the mating teeth on the pulleys. This
arrangement combines the flexibility of a belt with the positive grip of a gear drive. This is
widely used in applications where relative positioning of the respective shafts is desired.
Pulleys
More appropriately referred to as sheaves, are the wheels that are connected to the shafts
and carry the belt. The pulley have a groove around the outside, with a shape to match that of
the belt.
Commercial Diameters
Upon the final computation of the design, selection of the dimension of the belt is
very essential, thus an available table is given to guide us in the process.
This module is a property of Technological University of the Philippines Visayas and intended
for EDUCATIONAL PURPOSES ONLY and is NOT FOR SALE NOR FOR REPRODUCTION.
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Dimensions of V-belts
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for EDUCATIONAL PURPOSES ONLY and is NOT FOR SALE NOR FOR REPRODUCTION.
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This module is a property of Technological University of the Philippines Visayas and intended
for EDUCATIONAL PURPOSES ONLY and is NOT FOR SALE NOR FOR REPRODUCTION.
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This module is a property of Technological University of the Philippines Visayas and intended
for EDUCATIONAL PURPOSES ONLY and is NOT FOR SALE NOR FOR REPRODUCTION.
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3) Ruler
4) Protractor
5) Compass
6) Calculator
This module is a property of Technological University of the Philippines Visayas and intended
for EDUCATIONAL PURPOSES ONLY and is NOT FOR SALE NOR FOR REPRODUCTION.
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Sample Problem No. 2. A belt drive is required to reduce the speed of an electric
motor for grinding wheel. The 50-hp electric motor is rated at 1725 rpm, and a grinding
wheel speed approximately 600 rpm is desired. Determine an appropriate belt size and
find suitable sheave diameters of stock pulleys listed. Also select a suitable belt length
and calculate the corresponding center distance.
This module is a property of Technological University of the Philippines Visayas and intended
for EDUCATIONAL PURPOSES ONLY and is NOT FOR SALE NOR FOR REPRODUCTION.
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V. Progress Check
This module is a property of Technological University of the Philippines Visayas and intended
for EDUCATIONAL PURPOSES ONLY and is NOT FOR SALE NOR FOR REPRODUCTION.
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This module is a property of Technological University of the Philippines Visayas and intended
for EDUCATIONAL PURPOSES ONLY and is NOT FOR SALE NOR FOR REPRODUCTION.
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CHAIN DRIVE
I. Expected Competencies
Roller Chain
This is the most common type of chain used for power transmission.
Large roller chains are rated to over 600 hp. The roller chain design provides a
quiet and efficient operation but must be lubricated.
This module is a property of Technological University of the Philippines Visayas and intended
for EDUCATIONAL PURPOSES ONLY and is NOT FOR SALE NOR FOR REPRODUCTION.
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This design uses multiple standard roller chains built into parallel strands.
This increases the power capacity of the chain drive.
This is less expensive than a roller chain but has slightly less power
capability. It has an open construction that allows it to withstand dirt and
contaminants, which can wear out other chains. These chains are often on
construction equipment.
This module is a property of Technological University of the Philippines Visayas and intended
for EDUCATIONAL PURPOSES ONLY and is NOT FOR SALE NOR FOR REPRODUCTION.
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Chain Pitch
This size designation refers to the pitch of the chain, in the eightieths of
an inch. Thus, a 120 chain has a pitch of 120/80 or 1.5 inch.
This module is a property of Technological University of the Philippines Visayas and intended
for EDUCATIONAL PURPOSES ONLY and is NOT FOR SALE NOR FOR REPRODUCTION.
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Multistrand Chains
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for EDUCATIONAL PURPOSES ONLY and is NOT FOR SALE NOR FOR REPRODUCTION.
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This module is a property of Technological University of the Philippines Visayas and intended
for EDUCATIONAL PURPOSES ONLY and is NOT FOR SALE NOR FOR REPRODUCTION.
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Toothed wheels that connect to the shaft and mate with the chain. The teeth on the
sprocket are designed with the geometry to conform to the chain pin and link. The shape of
the teeth varies with the size of the chain and the number of teeth.
This module is a property of Technological University of the Philippines Visayas and intended
for EDUCATIONAL PURPOSES ONLY and is NOT FOR SALE NOR FOR REPRODUCTION.
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Pitch diameter
𝑝
𝑑=
180°
sin ( 𝑁 )
Chain Length
2𝐶 (𝑁2 + 𝑁1 ) 𝑝(𝑁2 − 𝑁1 )2
𝐿= + + { }
𝑝 2 4𝜋 2 𝐶
This module is a property of Technological University of the Philippines Visayas and intended
for EDUCATIONAL PURPOSES ONLY and is NOT FOR SALE NOR FOR REPRODUCTION.
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2
𝑝 (𝑁2 + 𝑁1 ) (𝑁2 + 𝑁1 ) 8(𝑁2 − 𝑁1 )2
𝐶̅ = [𝐿 − + √{𝐿 − } − ]
4 2 2 4𝜋 2
𝑝(𝑁2 − 𝑁1 )
𝜃1 = 180° − 2 sin−1 { }
2𝐶
𝑝(𝑁2 − 𝑁1 )
𝜃2 = 180° + 2 sin−1 { }
2𝐶
𝜔𝑑𝑟𝑖𝑣𝑒𝑟 𝜔1 𝑑2 𝑁2
𝑉𝑅 = = = =
𝜔𝑑𝑟𝑖𝑣𝑒𝑛 𝜔2 𝑑1 𝑁1
Chain Speed
𝑑1 𝑑2
𝑣𝑐 = 𝜔1 = 𝜔2
2 2
Lubrication
1) Low Speed: ( 𝑉𝑐 < 650 𝑓𝑝𝑚) , Manual Lubrication, where the oil is periodically
applied to the links of the chain.
2) Moderate Speed: ( (650 𝑓𝑝𝑚 < 𝑣𝑐 < 1500 𝑓𝑝𝑚) , Bath lubrication, where the
lowest part of the chain dips into a bath of oil.
3) High Speed: (1500 𝑓𝑝𝑚 < 𝑣𝑐 ) , Oil Stream Lubrication, where a pump delivers a
continuous stream onto the chain.
3) Ruler
This module is a property of Technological University of the Philippines Visayas and intended
for EDUCATIONAL PURPOSES ONLY and is NOT FOR SALE NOR FOR REPRODUCTION.
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4) Protractor
5) Compass
6) Calculator
Use 120 chain size. To determine the pitch, 120/80 which is 1.5 inch
pitch.
This module is a property of Technological University of the Philippines Visayas and intended
for EDUCATIONAL PURPOSES ONLY and is NOT FOR SALE NOR FOR REPRODUCTION.
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V. Progress Check
This module is a property of Technological University of the Philippines Visayas and intended
for EDUCATIONAL PURPOSES ONLY and is NOT FOR SALE NOR FOR REPRODUCTION.
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This module is a property of Technological University of the Philippines Visayas and intended
for EDUCATIONAL PURPOSES ONLY and is NOT FOR SALE NOR FOR REPRODUCTION.
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LIST OF REFERENCES
References
Textbook/s :
This module is a property of Technological University of the Philippines Visayas and intended
for EDUCATIONAL PURPOSES ONLY and is NOT FOR SALE NOR FOR REPRODUCTION.
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This module is a property of Technological University of the Philippines Visayas and intended
for EDUCATIONAL PURPOSES ONLY and is NOT FOR SALE NOR FOR REPRODUCTION.