Emerald KVM Over Ip Technology: User Manual
Emerald KVM Over Ip Technology: User Manual
Emerald KVM Over Ip Technology: User Manual
EMERALD
KVM OVER IP
TECHNOLOGY
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1. SPECIFICATIONS............................................................................................................................................................................ 5
1.1 General Specifications..............................................................................................................................................................................5
1.2 What’s Included in the Kits.......................................................................................................................................................................7
1.3 Licensing....................................................................................................................................................................................................8
2. OVERVIEW....................................................................................................................................................................................... 9
2.1 Emerald System Features.........................................................................................................................................................................9
2.2 Overview of Emerald Devices................................................................................................................................................................10
2.2.1 Video................................................................................................................................................................................................ 11
2.2.2 Audio................................................................................................................................................................................................ 11
2.2.3 Support for Keyboards, Mice, and USB Devices..........................................................................................................................11
2.2.4 IP Addressing.................................................................................................................................................................................. 11
2.2.5 Firmware Upgrade.......................................................................................................................................................................... 12
2.3 Application Examples............................................................................................................................................................................. 12
2.3.1 Video, Audio and USB Extension................................................................................................................................................... 12
2.3.2 Video, Audio and USB Switching................................................................................................................................................... 13
3. CONFIGURATION......................................................................................................................................................................... 14
3.1 Configuration of Receiver.......................................................................................................................................................................14
3.2 Configuration of Transmitter.................................................................................................................................................................14
3.3 Configuration of Boxilla Manager ......................................................................................................................................................... 15
4. MODES OF OPERATION............................................................................................................................................................... 16
4.1 Auto Login................................................................................................................................................................................................16
4.2 Auto Connect...........................................................................................................................................................................................16
4.3 Private Connection.................................................................................................................................................................................. 16
4.4 Shared Connection................................................................................................................................................................................. 16
4.5 Video Source Optimization.....................................................................................................................................................................16
5. INSTALLATION............................................................................................................................................................................. 17
5.1 Emerald Receiver (EMD2000SE-R, EMD2002SE-R, EMD2000PE-R, EMD2002PE-R Checklist.....................................................................17
5.2 Emerald Transmitter (EMD2000SE-T, EMD2002SE-T, EMD2000PE-T, EMD2002PE-T) Checklist...........................................................17
5.3 Emerald SE Transmitter Kit (EMD2000SE-T-K, EMD2002SE-T-K) Checklist.........................................................................................17
5.4 Emerald ZeroU DVI or DisplayPort Transmitter (EMD200V-T or EMD200DP-T)...............................................................................17
5.5 Installation Options............................................................................................................................................................................................. 17
5.6 Connect the Emerald Receiver.......................................................................................................................................................................... 18
5.6.1 Emerald SE Receiver.................................................................................................................................................................................. 19
5.6.2 Emerald PE or PE PoE Receiver...............................................................................................................................................................20
5.7 Connect the Emerald Transmitter.....................................................................................................................................................................22
5.7.1 Emerald SE Transmitter.............................................................................................................................................................................22
5.7.2 Emerald PE Transmitter.............................................................................................................................................................................24
5.8 Connect the Emerald ZeroU DVI or DisplayPort Transmitter........................................................................................................................26
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6. NETWORKED INSTALLATION..................................................................................................................................................... 28
6.1 Point-to-Point Installation.......................................................................................................................................................................28
6.2 Unmanaged or Managed Matrix Installation........................................................................................................................................28
8. OSD FUNCTIONS.......................................................................................................................................................................... 30
8.1 User Types................................................................................................................................................................................................30
8.2 Log On......................................................................................................................................................................................................30
8.3 Default Username and Password..........................................................................................................................................................31
8.4 User Views and Capabilities...................................................................................................................................................................32
8.5 Connections Screen................................................................................................................................................................................32
8.5.1 Creating a New Connection............................................................................................................................................................................33
8.5.2 Connection Favorites.......................................................................................................................................................................................34
8.5.3 Connecting......................................................................................................................................................................................35
8.5.4 Edit Connection..............................................................................................................................................................................35
8.5.5 Remove Connection.......................................................................................................................................................................35
8.5.6 Bonding...........................................................................................................................................................................................36
8.6 Control Tab...............................................................................................................................................................................................36
8.6.1 Preferences.....................................................................................................................................................................................37
8.6.2 Network...........................................................................................................................................................................................42
8.6.3 System.............................................................................................................................................................................................43
8.7 Managing Users......................................................................................................................................................................................52
8.7.1 Add a User........................................................................................................................................................................................52
8.7.2 Auto Log-on.....................................................................................................................................................................................52
8.7.3 Edit a User........................................................................................................................................................................................54
8.7.4 Remove a User................................................................................................................................................................................55
8.8 LACP.........................................................................................................................................................................................................55
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APPENDIX D. TROUBLESHOOTING................................................................................................................................................ 59
APPENDIX F. DISCLAIMER/TRADEMARKS................................................................................................................................... 63
F.1 Disclaimer.................................................................................................................................................................................................63
F.2 Trademarks Used in this Manual............................................................................................................................................................63
WARNING (PoE): The EMD-PE units conform to IEEE 802.3af but do not meet the isolation barrier requirements specified
in subsection 33.4.1 – Isolation. The units meet the Safety Requirements of IEC 62368.
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SPECIFICATION DESCRIPTION
Physical (continued)
EMD2000SE-T, EMD2000SE-R: 1.15" H x 6.2" W x 4.2" D (2.92 x 15.75 x 10.67 cm);
EMD2002SE-T: 1.43" H x 6.2" W x 4.2" D (3.65 x 15.75 x 10.67 cm);
EMD2002SE-R: 1.15" H x 6.2" W x 4.2" D (2.92 x 15.75 x 10.67 cm);
EMD200DV-T: 0.98" H x 2.78" W x 6.12" D (2.5 x 7.07 x 15.55 cm);
Dimensions
EMD200DP-T: 0.98" H x 2.78" W x 6.12" D (2.5 x 7.07 x 15.55 cm);
EMD2000PE-T, EMD2000PE-R, EMD2000PE-R-P: 1.15" H x 6.2" W, 4.2" D (2.92 x 15.75 x 10.67 cm);
EMD2002PE-T: 1.43" H x 6.2" W x 4.2" D (3.65 x 15.75 x 10.67 cm);
EMD2002PE-R, EMD2002PE-R-P: 1.15" H x 6.2" W x 4.2" D (2.92 x 15.75 x 10.67 cm)
EMD2000SE-T, EMD2000SE-R: 1.18 lbs (0.54 kg);
EMD2002SE-T: 1.47 lb. (0.67 kg);
EMD2002SE-R: 1.36 lb. (0.62 kg)
EMD200DV-T: 0.474 lb. (0.215 kg);
Weight
EMD200DP-T: 0.400 lb. (0.181 kg);
EMD2000PE-T, EMD2000PE-R, EMD2000PE-R-P: 1.18 lbs (0.54 kg);
EMD2002PE-T: 1.47 lb. (0.67 kg);
EMD2002PE-R, EMD2002PE-R-P: 1.36 lb. (0.62 kg)
Operation
EMD2000SE-T, EMD2002SE-T, EMD200DV-T, EMD2000PE-T, EMD2002PE-T:
Default IP Address 192.168.1.22;
EMD2000SE-R, EMD2002SE-R, EMD2000PE-R, EMD2002PE-R, EMD2000PE-R-P, EMD2002PE-R-P: 192.168.1.21
Encryption Secure Sockets Layer (SSL) over TCP/IP, 128-bit between TX and RX, user set between RX and Hyper-V
Default Username admin
Default Password The password is blank by default
DDC Support Built-in/clone of remote
Switching Time <1 sec
Power
Power Source External in-line power supply (EMD200DV-T optionally powered by USB connectors)
Input Voltage 100–240 VAC, 50/60 Hz
Input Current 0.9 amps maximum
Unit: 6.5 watts with keyboard and mouse attached;
Power Consumption
Power supply is 20 W to support USB based powered devices
(5 VDC x 4 amps) x 3.41 = 68.2 BTU/hour maximum
Heat Dissipation
(Voltage x Nominal Current) x 3.41 = BTU/hr
Output Connector 2.5-mm barrel
Input Connector IEC-320, C8
Power Supply Cord Length 6 ft. (1.8 m)
Environmental
Operating Temperature 32 to 104° F (0 to 40° C)
Storage Temperature -4 to +140° F (-20 to 60° C)
Operating Humidity 5 to 95%, noncondensing
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1.3 LICENSING
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The Emerald® system provides users with a seamless desktop experience anywhere on a TCP/IP network, while allowing the actual
hardware to be securely housed in a corporate data center or in the cloud. Emerald enables the same high fidelity experience of a
desktop PC even for media-rich applications, for example, watching videos, photo editing with Photoshop or 3D design with AutoCAD.
The remote desktops may be hosted on a physical PC / workstation or may be a virtual desktop hosted on a private server or in the
cloud. The Emerald system provides its users with Receivers that communicate with target computer nodes (whether physical PC or
virtual desktop) over a standard TCP/IP network. Physical PCs/Workstations/Servers have an Emerald SE or PE Transmitter unit or
Emerald ZeroU DVI or DisplayPort Transmitter unit physically connected to provide communication over the TCP/IP network. The
performance of Emerald allows them to be deployed on standard corporate networks and even across Wide-Area-Networks (WANs).
Desktop users can access remote keyboard, mouse, video, audio, USB mass storage devices, headsets and other USB devices from
the Receiver unit to the remote PC/workstations or Virtual Desktop via the Emerald system.
NOTE: Not all USB 2.0 devices are supported depending on how they negotiate/communicate with the host. If you find your USB 2.0
device isn’t working properly, please report these devices to Black Box.
NOTE: References to the Emerald system in this document refer to both Receivers (EMD2000SE-R, EMD2002SE-R, EMD2000PE-R,
EMD2002PE-R, EMD2000PE-R-P, EMD2002PE-R-P) and Transmitters (EMD2000SE-T, EMD2002SE-T, EMD200DV-T,
EMD2000PE-T, EMD2002PE-T). The Emerald ZeroU DVI or DisplayPort Transmitter (EMD200DV-T, EMD200DP-T) can be used in
place of the SE Transmitter where rack space is limited.
Receivers
Transmitters
Virtual Desktops
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High Reliability and Highly Secure: The Emerald system minimizes maintenance for administrators. The intuitive On-Screen-
Display is simple to learn and understand. The individual units have no moving parts to minimize potential for hardware failures.
All media streams transmitted between the Emerald devices are encrypted using 128-bit SSL. Password protection is also
provided to control access to all administration functions.
Environmentally Optimized: The Emerald system is optimized to minimize power requirements and eliminate noise. All Receivers
and Transmitters consume less than 6 Watts and are completely silent.
Easy Deployment: The Emerald system is designed to be easily and quickly deployed. No new drivers or software need to be
installed on target PCs or Virtual Desktops. The system uses standard networking protocols and cabling. Users and connections
are defined using an intuitive On-Screen-Display (OSD). Connections can be made via simple “click on target.” Multiple modes
of operation such as private connections, shared connections, auto-login, and auto-connect enable various workflows and
collaborations to be supported. Analog audio can now be shared in a shared mode connection.
The Emerald ZeroU DVI or DisplayPort Transmitter features a small form factor to use zero rack space—you save money when
rack space is expensive. This Transmitter can be powered over USB or via an optional power supply.
NUMBER OF VIDEO
RECEIVER USB PORTS SERIAL AUDIO POE DVI CPU CABLE USB CPU CABLE
HEADS
EMD2000SE-R (1) DVI (4) USB 2.0 Type A Yes Yes No Not applicable Not applicable
EMD2002SE-R (2) DVI (4) USB 2.0 Type A No Yes No Not applicable Not applicable
EMD2000PE-R (1) DVI (4) USB 2.0 Type A No Yes No Not applicable Not applicable
EMD2002PE-R (2) DVI (4) USB 2.0 Type A No Yes No Not applicable Not applicable
EMD2000PE-R-P (1) DVI (4) USB 2.0 Type A No Yes Yes Not applicable Not applicable
EMD2002PE-R-P (2) DVI (4) USB 2.0 Type A No Yes Yes Not applicable Not applicable
NUMBER OF VIDEO
TRANSMITTER USB PORTS SERIAL AUDIO POE DVI CPU CABLE USB CPU CABLE
HEADS
EMD2000SE-T (1) DVI (1) USB 2.0 Type B Yes Yes No Not included Not included
EMD2002SE-T (2) DVI (1) USB 2.0 Type B No Yes No Not included Not included
EMD2000PE-T (1) DVI (1) USB 2.0 Type B No Yes Yes (1) included Not included
EMD2002PE-T (2) DVI (1) USB 2.0 Type B No Yes Yes (2) included Not included
(1) USB 2.0 Type A,
Speakers
EMD200DV-T (1) DVI (1) USB 2.0 Type A No No Not included Not included
only
for power only
(1) USB 2.0 Type A,
Yes,
EMD200DP-T (1) DisplayPort (1) USB 2.0 Type A No No Not included Not included
Embedded
for power only
NUMBER OF VIDEO
MANAGER USB PORTS SERIAL AUDIO POE DVI CPU CABLE USB CPU CABLE
HEADS
BXAMGR-R2 (1) VGA (4) USB 2.0 Type A Yes Yes No Not applicable Not applicable
Some of the key capabilities and operation of Emerald devices are described next. These capabilities are supported across all
Emerald devices.
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2.2.1 VIDEO
The Emerald® system supports 24-bit color depth digital video up to a maximum resolution of 1920 x 1200 at 60 Hz for any
video head on both Transmitter and Receiver. One or two DVI-I connectors is provided on the Receiver or Transmitter for cable
compatibility, but only digital video is supported. One DVI-I connector is provided on the Boxilla Manager. See Appendix 1 - Emerald
Video Resolutions Supported for the list of resolutions currently supported by Emerald. VGA or Analog video can be supported by
using the KVGA-DVID VGA to DVI-D converter.
2.2.2 AUDIO
The Emerald system supports CD-quality stereo audio from the remote workstation (with the Transmitter connected) or virtual
desktop to peripheral speakers connected to the USB connector on the Emerald Receiver. The Emerald Transmitter uses its USB
interface to capture audio from the remote workstation. This increases audio quality by eliminating analog audio noise issues and
removing the need for a sound card in PC/Workstation.
The Emerald Receiver connects audio from a peripheral microphone connected via the USB connector on the Receiver to
the remote workstation or a virtual desktop. The Emerald Transmitter uses USB to supply the microphone data to the remote
workstation. Higher quality audio can be obtained using USB re-direction for USB headsets or speakers.
The Emerald ZeroU DVI Transmitter has just one audio connector (used to connect speakers). The Emerald ZeroU DisplayPort
Transmitter has embedded audio over the DisplayPort connector.
USB keyboards and mice are fully supported by the Emerald system. Composite mouse and keyboard devices are supported, along
with other types of USB devices such as Flash/Thumb Drives, CD and DVD/ROM drives, printers, pen tablets, touch-panels, and
isochronous USB devices such as headsets.
Support for non-keyboard and mice devices is provided on an Emerald Receiver using USB re-direction. This capability can be
enabled or disabled by the administrator. In an Emerald Receiver, the first two devices that are not keyboard or mouse are assigned
to the USB re-direction channel automatically and passed to the remote computer when connected via a Transmitter. When
connecting to a non-Transmitter target (i.e. virtual desktop), up to eight USB devices can be re-directed.
NOTE: A hub can be attached externally to an Emerald Receiver, but a maximum of two devices can be assigned to USB
re-direction on connections to Transmitters. Multiple keyboard and mice can additionally be supported—though all use the default
drivers on the target PC.
2.2.4 IP ADDRESSING
The Emerald devices are IP-addressable, giving you the flexibility to locate workstations anywhere within your enterprise and at
any distance from your desktop users. The Emerald devices use standard network protocols to transfer data between the remote
Workstation/Virtual Desktop and the peripheral devices located at the user’s desk. The Emerald system can operate on a network
connection of 100 Mbps or 1 Gbps.
The receiver can be configured using a static or DHCP assigned IP address while the transmitter requires a static IP address only.
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Upgrade your firmware at any time using an Emerald manager or using a USB flash-drive in an Emerald Receiver unit to ensure that
your Emerald system is always running the most current version available. The Emerald devices—Receiver and Transmitter—are
upgradable.
The Emerald system is built to be flexible so that it can be deployed in many different types of applications such as basic
extension, switching applications (sometimes called matrix), cloud-based desktops, control rooms, digital signage, and kiosk
applications and other applications in banking, financial services, broadcast, network operations, industrial, government and
enterprise computing sectors. Emerald provides the state-of-the art performance by:
using digital sources for video and audio, hence removing analog noise issues or other potential environmental issues
using advanced optimized compression to enable visually lossless video over standard low-bandwidth networks rather than
a proprietary connection or dedicated gigabit networks of many systems
Many applications require Video, Audio, or USB extension (or all three together) such as PC back-racking, board-room fit-out,
remote monitoring, and digital signage.
The Emerald system is set up to connect the Transmitter to the Receiver straight out of the box on a point-to-point network.
The Transmitter and Receiver can be attached to standard Ethernet IP networks to increase the distance between units – within
a building, between buildings, or across a country. Only standard Ethernet/IP rules and the maximum latency the application can
tolerate need to be considered. If video and/or audio extension only is being used, latency rarely is a consideration as the traffic
is typically one-way. When USB-based peripheral devices are also required, a network latency of <50 ms is recommended to
avoid user issues with “poor mouse response”, etc. For some applications, such as graphic design network latency ,<20 ms may
be required to ensure user satisfaction. Latency normally is only an issue when extending across a WAN, because latency inside
modern buildings or on dedicated networks is much less than 1 ms.
NOTE: Emerald supports latency of <20 ms.
In Figure 2-2, a typical deployment is shown in a basic extender application. In this deployment, only one Transmitter and Receiver
are used to allow remote access to a single workstation.
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WORKSTATION
TRANSMITTER
RECEIVER
HOST COMPUTER
Numerous applications require being able to switch between different target PCs or Virtual Desktops. The user wants to be able
to change the source of Video, Audio, or USB extension (or all three together).
Connections can be made to a target using Emerald’s intuitive On-Screen-Display (OSD). In Figure 2-3, a larger scale system
is shown. This is referred to as a switching or matrix type of deployment. In this deployment, there are several Receivers and
Transmitters and a manager, as well as virtual desktops.
EMERALD SE
IP
IP,NETWORK
INTERNET
ORPROPRIETARY
OR INTERNET
CONNECTION
KVM NETWORK
EMERALD SE
EMERALD RECEIVER 2
VIRTUAL DESKTOPS
EMERALD SE
EMERALD TRANSMITTER
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The Emerald system has various modes of operation such as Auto-Login, Auto-Connect, Private Connection, Shared Connection,
and Video Source Optimization modes.
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Emerald ZeroU DVI Transmitter (EMD200DV-T) or Emerald ZeroU DisplayPort Transmitter (EMD200DP-T)
WARNING: To reduce the risk of electric shock or damage to your equipment, disconnect the power from the Emerald device
by unplugging the power supply from the electrical outlet. To reduce the risk of electric shock or damage to your equipment,
turn on the remote workstation and the Emerald Transmitter in the order described in the following procedures.
You can install the Emerald system either in a point-to-point or networked configuration.
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WARNING: To avoid potentially fatal shock hazard and possible damage to equipment, please observe the following precautions:
These devices contain no user-serviceable technology. Do not open the enclosure.
Test AC outlets at the workstation and monitor for proper polarity and grounding.
Use only with grounded outlets at both the workstation and monitor. When using a backup Uninterruptible Power Supply (UPS),
power the workstation and the Transmitter from the same supply.
LASER WARNING
WARNING: Laser. If using an optical fiber SFP+ adapter when connecting an Emerald to a switch or other device, the user must
observe precautions for working with a Class 1 laser product.
The EMD-PE units conform to IEEE802.3af but do not meet the isolation barrier requirements specified in subsection 33.4.1 –
Isolation. The units meet the Safety Requirements of IEC 62368.
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10 11
23 4 5 6 7 8 8
FIGURE 5-12. REAR VIEW OF THE EMERALD SE TRANSMITTER, DUAL-HEAD (EMD2002SE-T)
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1 2 3
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4 5 6 7 8 13 14
1 2 3
4 5 6 7 8 8
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1
8
7
5
4 2
3
6
FIGURE 5-9. FRONT VIEW OF THE EMERALD ZEROU DVI TRANSMITTER, SINGLE-HEAD (EMD200DV-T)
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5 4 2
3
6
FIGURE 5-10. FRONT VIEW OF THE EMERALD ZEROU DP TRANSMITTER, SINGLE-HEAD (EMD200DP-T)
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Operating a workstation through the Emerald system is no different than working directly connected to a PC desktop.
All peripherals operate as if directly connected, even though the workstation is located at a distance.
Rear panel
Two LEDs are built into the RJ-45 connectors on the Emerald SE Receiver, Emerald SE Transmitter, and Emerald ZeroU DVI or
DisplayPort Transmitter. The definition of the operation of these LEDs is shown in Table 7-1.
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The Emerald Receiver and Boxilla Manager incorporate an On-Screen Display (OSD) that allows you to view information about
the configuration of your system and potentially also allows for setting connections and configuration parameters such as the IP
address, depending on the type of user. The following sections describe the operation common on a Receiver.
8.2 LOG ON
A user must log-on to the Emerald Receiver or Boxilla Manager to configure and manage the Emerald system. The log-on screen is
shown in Figure 8-1. The username defines the access rights and configuration available to the user.
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System Preferences: This button has a drop down menu that allows the user to define system preferences for the Emerald
Receiver. Figure 8-3 shows how the keyboard type can be selected.
Help: This button opens a pop-up window with help on that screen.
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Default_TX_192.168.1.22
NOTE: Default_TX
is 192.168.1.22
If the user is an Administrator type, the three buttons on the left (New, Edit, and Remove) will be displayed. These allow the user
to create, edit, or remove connections. For Standard User types, no connections can be created, edited, or removed, so these
buttons are not displayed or are greyed out.
By default, there is one connection called “Default Tx - 192.168.1.22” that defines a connection to an Emerald Transmitter
with its factory defaults. A maximum of 32 connections can be defined for an Emerald Receiver by default, and these connections
can be shared by users as defined by an administrator (different users can have the same connection). The number of connections
can be increased to unlimited in a managed domain via Boxilla upgrade licenses.
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To allow an Emerald Receiver or Manager to connect to a target Emerald Transmitter, an administrator must create a connection.
The administrator clicks on the New button on the Connections screen. This causes the New Connections pop-up window to
appear as shown in Figure 8-5.
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Connection Mode: To allow users to connect from a 4K Receiver to connect to Emerald SE, PE, and ZeroU transmitters: The
connection on the 2K transmitter must be set to Optimized. Go to Connections and create a new connection (or Edit an existing
connection). Enter all of the connection details (or confirm they are correct) and a new option can be selected for Compression
Mode. For 4K RX to 2K TX: Compression Mode = Optimized. NOTE: Currently you cannot connect a 2K RX to a 4K TX
Enable Extended Desktop: Remote connections can be extended for dual-head Emerald units by enabling the option Extended
Desktop. Enable Extended Desktop setting enables the second video head of a dual head Transmitter. Make sure both the video
heads on the Transmitter are connected to the source. Video heads on the receiver are connected to respective monitors.
Enable View Only mode: View only setting for a connection allows user to monitor what is been transmitted from a source without
being able to interact with the source. This feature allows a user or administrator to monitor the actions on the network without
accidentally interacting with other users. View only connection is available in both private and shared mode connections with or
without analog audio.
Enable USB Redirection: when set, this enables non-keyboard and non-mice devices (such as tablets and USB headsets)
to be redirected for this connection.
Enable Audio: when set, this enables audio to be supplied to the remote audio connectors.
Enable NLA: when set, this enables Network Level Authentication requiring that the user be authenticated to the RD Session Host
server before the session is created. This is not used for when Connection Via is set to Transmitter.
Persistent Connection: When turned on, Persistent Connection will constantly try to connect the Receiver with the Transmitters
until successful. This is useful when using Emerald for digital signage or an application that does not need a keyboard/mouse to
stay connected to a defined source.
Connection favorites provide a quick convenient mechanism for users to switch between their pre-defined connections. Favorites are
configured by the administrator where a maximum of 10 favorites can be assigned to users using a combination of hotkey and [0-9].
Assigning Connection Favorites
A pre-requiste is that the user exists and has connects assigned.
The following screenshot demonstrates the administrator assigning connections for the user to the available hotkeys. Favorites do
not need to be allocated sequentially and hotkeys can be skipped.
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When a user logs in, they can view their assigned favorites.
8.5.3 CONNECTING
To make a connection, the user highlights the required “connection” in the window and then clicks on the “ Connect” button.
Alternatively, a user can double-click on the connection. This action causes the Emerald Receiver to attempt to connect
to the target remote workstation or virtual machine. If the target is available, the connection will be made.
If another user is already connected to the target defined in the connection, the user will receive a pop-up window indicating
the target device is already allocated.
To edit a connection and change its parameters, an administrator clicks on the Edit button on the Connections screen. The Edit
Connections pop-up window appears.
The administrator changes required fields and clicks Save to confirm or Cancel to discard any changes.
To remove or delete a connection, an administrator highlights a connection in the list and then clicks on the Remove button
on the Connections screen (shown in Figure 8-8). This causes the Remove Connection pop-up window to appear where a user
confirms the removal or cancels the attempt.
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8.5.6 BONDING
This assumes that setup is complete on Boxilla and a user has permission to connect to a Bonded connection. See the setup
instructions in the Boxilla user manual.
When the user selects a “bonded connection” from any Receiver that is part of a bonded group, Receiver 1 will connect to
Connection 1 and receiver 2 will connect to connection 2 and so on up to 8.
Connections will all be made assuming they are available using the normal rules — e.g., If one connection is in a private connection
and therefore cannot be connected to — all connections within the bond will fail. The user will get an error message from the user
station they requested explaining why connection could not be made and will identify the user in private connection.
Once the user has a successful connection, if they disconnect using the OSD, all connections will be terminated.
While the user is in a bonded connection and if they wish to switch one of the receivers to another connection without dropping the
full bonded setup, they shall use favorites and this receiver will switch to the desired target without calling the OSD and leaving all
other connections in the bonded connection up and running. The exception to this is that favorites cannot be used from receivers
that launched connections via Boxilla.
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8.6.1 PREFERENCES
Resolution
The Resolution button allows an administrator or power user to set the preferred resolution for the RDP Connection and for the OSD.
By default, both the RDP Resolution and the OSD Resolution are set to Auto.
The RDP Connection Resolution allows the resolution to be changed for an RDP connection, (i.e. defines the resolution that the
virtual desktop will be accessed with). If the preferred resolution is not supported, the Receiver will use the next highest resolution
supported by both monitor and Receiver.
The OSD Resolution is set to Auto by default, but can be changed to the available OSD resolutions if the user wants to set
a specific resolution. This setting has no effect when connecting to an Emerald Transmitter.
Click Apply button to save the change.
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Hot-Key
The Hot-Key button allows the administrator to change the hot-key configuration. The hot-key is used with the “o” key to terminate the
current connection and bring up the OSD. The hot-key with “p” key is used to switch to the previous connection without loading the
OSD. Example: PrtScrn, O (default).
The default hot-key is Print-Screen (PrntScrn). The alternatives are shown in the table. Click the Apply button to confirm a hot-key
change.
SEQUENCE ACTION
Print Screen (Default) -press Prnt Scrn key
Ctrl + Ctrl -press Ctrl key twice within 1 second
Alt + Alt -press Alt key twice within 1 second
Shift + Shift -press Shift key twice within 1 second
Open OSD: Hotkey O Switch to previous target: Hotkey P
Mouse-Left + Right -press mouse left and right buttons at the same time for 2 seconds
The “Enable Functional Key” tick-box is used to disable the use of the function keys after the hot-key. So only the Hot-Key is required
to bring up the OSD. The Enable functional Key is set by default.
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Timer Settings
There are 2 timer settings available to users as shown in Figure 8-11. By default, they are turned off. If you wish to turn them on,
you have to select the desired timer, set the time you wish, and click apply. The three timer settings are:
1. OSD Inactivity Timer – This sets a limit on how long a user can be logged on to the OSD without any keyboard or mouse
activity. Once the user reaches the inactivity timer, he/she will be logged out of the OSD. The timer value can be set to a number
from 2 to 60 minutes.
2. Connection Inactivity Timer – This sets a limit on how long a user can be connected to a source (virtual machine, Transmitter etc.)
without any keyboard or mouse activity. Once the session reaches the inactivity timer, he/she will be logged out of their connection
and return to the OSD. The timer value can be set to a number from 2 to 60 minutes.
NOTE: Inactivity occurs when the mouse or keyboard is not pressed or moved for a set period of time.
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The Connection Label is enabled through the Control Tab. The Control Tab’s Preferences options are shown in Figure 8-12.
The user can toggle the label on or off by using their hotkey and pressing “L”. In Figure 8-13, the Connection Label is enabled.
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The user can select to always display the connect label or to display it for 5 seconds. In Figure 8-14, a 5 second time out is selected.
The user can also select where the label will appear on the screen. In Figure 8-15, “Bottom Centre” is selected for the location.
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Figure 8-16 shows the connection label located in the bottom center of the screen, based upon the location selected in
Figure 8-15.
8.6.2 NETWORK
The network screen shown in Figure 8-17 allows an administrator to change the settings for the Emerald Receiver or Manager. The
default network setting for the Receiver is a static IP address of 192.168.1.21. It has a Network Mask of 255.255.255.0 and a Gateway
192.168.1.1. If DHCP is selected, the Receiver gets its IP address from the DHCP server. Click the Apply button to confirm any
changes to network settings.
NOTE: Only IPv4 addressing supported in current firmware version.
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8.6.3 SYSTEM
The System screen shown in Figure 8-18 allows an administrator to upgrade the firmware in the Emerald Receiver, reset it to factory
defaults, import/export the configuration to an external USB drive, and perform a system diagnostic.
System Upgrade
The Emerald Receiver can be upgraded using a FAT32-formatted USB Flash drive. Simply take the firmware file and place it in the root
directory of the flash drive. When you click the Upgrade button, the “valid” upgrade files on the USB drive are displayed. A valid file
has the extension .clu – an example is shown in Figure 8-19. NOTE: There can only be one USB key/pendrive inserted in the RX and that
key must contain the upgrade files. If the user has two keys inserted , and the second key has the upgrade files, the system will not
locate the required files.
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Once the administrator has selected the file and clicked Ok, the system checks that the selected file has no errors before
upgrading the Emerald Receiver. The configuration of the unit is preserved through the upgrade.
The Web Access Server setting is used to allow access to a local copy of Active Directory. If this setting is configured
correctly, then if a user who is not configured in the local database attempts to login, the device will redirect the username and
password to the local active directory installation and validate the user credentials.
If the user is validated, the Active Directory Server will return a valid VM pool-name to the device. The device sends this pool-name
information to the Connection Broker which then allocates a Virtual Machine to the User, provided a VM is available.
On the Receiver when the user attempts to login, the login will now take the following steps in this order:
1. The login credentials are checked to see if the user is configured locally on the Receiver. Should the user exist, they will be
logged in as normal. If not, then step two will occur. If neither “Connect via Web Access Server” nor “Connect via Connection
Broker Server” is ticked, the Receiver at login will only attempt to authenticate the user locally. This is the default setting.
2. If the Web Access Settings are configured, the Receiver will attempt to launch a connection to an RD Web Access server. This
will allow the user to be Authenticated against the Domain Controller (Active Directory) allowing the user to access Virtual
Desktop Pools and Personal Virtual desktops.
To enable the receiver to access an RDWeb server at login, apply the following settings.
1. The Web Access Address should be the login page of the local RD Web Access Server using its IP address, e.g.
https://192.168.10.7/RDWeb/Pages/en-US/login.aspx.
NOTE: W
e currently do not support hostnames in the web address so please use the IP of the Web Access server.
You must place the full address to the login page of the RD Web Access server (https://*************.apsx).
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Tick the box “Connect Via Connection Broker Server” to enable connection using local Connection Broker Server. Then enter the
following settings:
1. Enter in the domain name as defined on the local network.
2. Enter in your load balance address as defined in the local server configured, e.g. tsv://VMResource.1.Win7Pool.
Export Settings
The Export option exports an encrypted version of the Receiver configuration to an attached memory stick. This can be used as a
backup mechanism for an individual receiver or manager or it can be used to port configurations from one Receiver to another.
The data in the export file consists of User, Connection and device information from the exporting device.
Import Settings
The Import option imports an encrypted version of a Receiver configuration from an attached memory stick. This can be used to
recover an old backup from the same Receiver or it can be used to port configurations from another Receiver.
The data in the file consists of User, Connection and some device information from the exporting device.
The following settings are not imported.
1. OSD Preferred Resolution
2. S tatic IP address. In this case, if the importing device is set to static but the import file has a DHCP configuration, then the
device configuration is changed to DHCP. Likewise, if the local device was DHCP and the import file was Static, the device
configuration is change to Static but with its last configured Static IP address, not that of the imported file. If both local device
and import file have a Static IP address configured, there is no change to the device configuration, i.e. the IP address is not
changed.
NOTE: If the Import function is on the Manager, then the file must come from another Manager with the same Licensed Capabilities
or the import will not proceed.
System Diagnostics
The diagnostics provides information for Black Box to debug customer encountered issues. When this button is clicked the user
is asked to save the diagnostics onto a memory stick in the Receiver unit. This file should be sent back to Black Box for analysis.
There is a similar diagnostic that can be run on a transmitter.
Password
The Password button when clicked allows the current user’s password to be changed. This button is only visible to Administrators.
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Transmitter Button
The Transmitter button on the Control Tab allows administrators to change the configuration of an Emerald Transmitter (this button
is only visible to administrators). The following options are available when the Transmitter button has been activated:
1. Transmitter Information
2. Transmitter Firmware Upgrade
3. Transmitter restore factory defaults
4. Transmitter reboot
5. Transmitter Preferences
6. Network Settings
7. Discover Transmitter IP address
Configuring a Transmitter
To configure a Transmitter, the IP address must be defined for the target Transmitter. When there is no active IP address defined, the
TX Setting window has all the buttons grayed out except for the Apply and Discover buttons.
The IP address for the transmitter can be entered into the field at the top of window and click Apply button to activate. If a valid IP
address is entered, the Transmitter settings window makes all the options available for the administrator shown in Figure 8-24.
Alternatively the Discover button can be used to find the IP address of a transmitter. First click the Discover button and follow the
instructions. Basically once in discovery mode, the Receiver (or Boxilla Manager) can capture the IP address from a Transmitter once
it has been power-cycled.
NOTE: The default network setting for the Transmitter is a static IP address of 192.168.1.22. It has a Network Mask
of 255.255.255.0 and a Gateway 192.168.1.1.
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If the IP address of the Receiver and Transmitter are not on the same subnet, a router is required to allow them to communicate.
This is true even when the Receiver “discovers” the Transmitter’s IP address. One way to avoid this is to change the Receiver
address to be on the same subnet as the Transmitter, make the required configuration changes to the Transmitter, and then change
the Receiver back to its required IP address.
Transmitter Information
The Information button provides Transmitter related information such as Device Model, Serial Number, MAC address, and current
Firmware Version to the administrator.
If the active IP address is not the address of a valid Emerald Transmitter or this address is unreachable, an error message is
returned.
Transmitter Upgrade
The administrator can click the Upgrade button to change the firmware on a Transmitter. The upgrade file is selected from the set
of files on an attached USB drive. These files will have the extension .clu . The selected file is checked to be a valid Transmitter
upgrade file before starting the upgrade. The OSD provides a series of screens to walk the user through the process.
The upgrade can take a few minutes to complete and the power to the Transmitter and the Receiver must not be disconnected
during the upgrade. During the upgrade process, the Transmitter may reboot.
If the active IP address is not the address of a valid Emerald Transmitter or this address is unreachable, an error message is
returned.
Transmitter Reboot
The administrator can click the Reboot button to power-cycle the Transmitter. If the active IP address is not the address of a valid
Emerald Transmitter or this address is unreachable, an error message is returned.
Transmitter Preferences
The administrator can click the Transmitter Preferences to change Video Quality Setting or HID Configuration. When the
Transmitter Preferences button is clicked the window shown in Figure 8-25 pops up.
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FIGURE 8-25.
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anti-noise technique to reduce the extra noise which will allow the Transmitter to operate at a normal pace and have better network
performance. “High performance” is best used when there is an analog to digital video converter between the GPU and Transmitter.
It uses a low level technique. “VGA optimized” is best used when there is an analog to digital video converter between the GPU and
Transmitter. It uses a medium level technique. “VGA low bandwidth” is best used when there is an analog to digital video converter
between the GPU and Transmitter. It uses a high level technique. This would be considered the most aggressive technique to handle
video dithering/noise.
NOTE: VGA Optimization is only supported on Single Head Transmitters; the Dual Head Transmitters and Emerald4K do not support
it.The Dual Head Emerald SE / PE may not be the best option for sources that use Video Dithering technology.
HID Configurations
This setting applies to all transmitters. It changes the USB communication between the Emerald transmitter and the target
computer/device. “Default” will pass all available signals including audio, USB-R, USB HID as well as keyboard and mouse
connections. “Basic” will pass USB HID only. It provides compatibility with DKM, DCX and older servers that require a keyboard and
mouse HID only. Basic HID is also required to access any computer’s BIOS menus. “MAC” supports MacOS® users. “Absolute” will
be used with Windows®/Linux when RemoteApp or Freedom are being used in the setup. For normal usage, where mouse is directly
connected to Receiver, then the “Default” or “Basic” options should be used. “Absolute MAC” will be used with MacOS® when used
with Remote App or Freedom. “Absolute Basic” allows you to set the mouse to absolute while disabling the emulated audio device.
This setting will typically be used where you wish to use the remote app and integrate the Emerald system with DKM and other
systems that may be disrupted with audio enabled.
OSD option:
EDID Settings
The transmitter can support native EDID options such as “1920x1080”, “1920x1200”, “1680x1050”, “1280x1024”, “1024x768”, or you
can choose to use the remote monitor EDID by clicking on the “Generate Clone button which will copy the desired video resolution to
display at the receiver. The Clone EDID 1 option applies to all transmitters and allows the administrator to choose the desired video
resolution to display at the receiver. This information is then shared with the computers GPU so it sends the correct resolution and
refresh rate. The administrator can optionally use the Copy EDID option which will copy the attached monitor’s EDID to the GPU so
it detects the exact monitor and correct resolution list. The Clone EDID 2 option applies to all dual-head transmitters and allows the
administrator to choose the desired video resolution to display at the receiver’s second output. This information is then shared with
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the computers GPU so it sends the correct resolution and refresh rate. The administrator can optionally use the Copy EDID option
which will copy the attached monitor’s EDID to the GPU so it detects the exact monitor and correct resolution list.
NOTE: The computer may need to be restarted in order for the settings to work. If you find that changing the EDID settings makes
the remote monitor blank out, you may need to select a different option to make it work. Once the Generate Clone EDID process is
finished, it needs to be selected in the drop down list and is not automatically applied until then.
If the new IP address for the Emerald Transmitter is on a different subnet than the Receiver, the Receiver or Manager will not be
able to communicate with it without going through a router. This is the case even on a point-to-point link between devices.
If the entered IP address is not the address of a valid Emerald Transmitter or this address is unreachable, an error message is
returned.
Discover Transmitter IP Address
This requires the Transmitter to be connected to the Receiver on a point-to-point link or be the only Transmitter on the attached
network. in this case, the administrator can click on the Discover button and follow the wizard to discover the IP address of the
attached Transmitter. This is required in the case when an administrator does not know the IP address of the Transmitter.
Transmitter Diagnostics
The Transmitter provides diagnostics information for Black Box to debug customer encountered issues. When this button is clicked
the user is asked to save the diagnostics onto a memory stick in the Receiver unit. Send this file back to Black Box for analysis.
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admin
To add a user, click the add button. This causes the New-User window to be displayed.
When the Log-on button is selected and a user is chosen, this user will be automatically logged on after power is applied to unit or
after a reboot.
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Default_TX_192.168.1.22
NOTE: Default_TX
is 192.168.1.22
When adding a new user, the following fields are used to define the user:
User Name: This is a unique name that uses 1–32 characters. The username can be any valid username for a Microsoft O/S.
This means the username cannot contain “ ”/ \ [ ] : ; | = , + * ? < > `’.
Password: This field can be a minimum of 0 characters (i.e. blank) and a maximum of 32 characters. The password can be any
valid password for a Microsoft O/S. This means the password cannot contain “ ”/ \ [ ] : ; | = , + * ? < > `’
Confirm Password: This field must match the Password field. If there is a mismatch, a message is presented to the user in a
pop-up screen.
Privilege: This field, which is a drop-down list, defines the type of user the new user will be—Administrator or User.
Selected Connections: The new user must be allocated Connections that he/she can access. These are selected from the
Available Connections window by the user selecting a set of connections (click on the connection in the Available Connection
window and then click the “Add” button). This causes the selected connections to be “added” to a user’s selected connection
window.
Connect to at login: This tick box defines whether the Emerald Receiver or Manager attempts to connect immediately to
the selected connection after a logon by the user. This automatic connection only occurs after a logon. If a user exits the
connection, the connection tab is displayed to the user for selection of a connection. This Connect to at Login is only saved
when the Save button is clicked. If not clicked and another tab is selected, the changes are ignored. If not ticked, no automatic
connection is made on log-in.
Once the new user fields have been filled out, the Save button must be clicked to create the new user. Clicking the Save button
causes the validation of the new username checking that it is unique and that the two password entries match. If this validation
fails, a pop-up window displays the reason for the failure – and the new user is not created. After dismissing the pop-up window,
the user can fix the error and click Save again.
The Cancel button should be clicked if the new user is not to be created.
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To edit a user, click on the Edit button. This causes the Edit-User window (shown in Figure 8-30) to be displayed.
This window allows the user privilege type, the permitted connections available, the password, and the auto-connect option
to be changed.
The default “admin” account gets access to all connections; this list cannot be modified. Other administrator-type users can have
their connection list modified.
Once the changes have been made for a user, they only become active once the Save button has been clicked. The changes can be
abandoned by clicking the Cancel button.
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admin
When the Remove button is clicked, a pop-up window is displayed to prompt confirmation that this user is to be deleted. Click the
Yes button to remove the user. Clicking the No button causes this action to be aborted and the user is not removed.
NOTE: There must always be a user of the name admin in the Emerald system so the system can always be administrated. When
attempting to remove the user, the system checks if the username is admin before it will allow the user to be removed.
8.8 LACP
To find out more information about the status of the Emerald network interface(s), the Boxilla administrator can navigate to
Devices>>Settings, and click on the “LACP info” panel. This will give a summary of the status of each Emerald NIC interface. Some
of the information that can be found on this page is:
Active: Is the Ethernet port currently active
Status: If the link is up or down
Link Speed: The negotiated speed of the NIC
Media: The type of network cable being used
LACP: If the data is using LACP traffic
Link Aggregation Control Protocol (LACP) for Ethernet (802.1ax or 802.3ad) provides a way to bundle several physical links into
one logical link. This protocol enables a network device to automatically bundle links by sending LACP packets to a directly-
connected device that also uses LACP.
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APPENDIX EMERALD VIDEO RESOLUTIONS SUPPORTED TECHNICAL
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APPENDIX CONFIGURING WINDOWS 7 VIRTUAL MACHINES TECHNICAL
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A few properties must be configured on a target Windows Virtual Machine for Emerald to connect with it.
On the Windows Virtual Machine click on the Start button and launch a command window. Then launch group policy editor –
gpedit.msc.
Start >> Run >> “cmd” >> “gpedit.msc”
Once the Local group Policy editor is open follow this path:
Computer Configuration >> Administrative Templates >> Windows Components >> Remote Desktop Services >> Remote Desktop
Session Host >> Remote Session Environment
Ensure the following three policies are set as follows:
1. Optimize visual experience when using RemoteFX.
For this policy set both the “Screen Capture Rate” and “Screen Image Quality” to Highest.
2. Configure RemoteFX.
Set this policy to enabled
3. Limit maximum color depth.
Set this policy to “Client Compatible.”
Once the above policies have been applied, reboot the Virtual Machine. It is now enabled for Emerald connections.
There are different settings to optimize the performance of Emerald with different Windows operating systems. These are defined
in the application note – Emerald Group Policies for Optimal Performance for Windows Targets.
It is not possible to connect to a transmitter from a computer/laptop running RDP. A receiver is always required.
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APPENDIX EMERALD NETWORK PROTOCOLS OVERVIEW TECHNICAL
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Emerald uses standard IP protocols for communication between Receivers and Transmitters. Port 3389 is used for unicast
communications.
For management purposes some other ports are used. The Black Box Discovery protocol used UDP Multicast Group 224.0.1.249
(port 39150). This is sent by the Manager to discover Emerald devices in the network. The router must allow UDP Multicast
forwarding to allow devices on subnet different to where Manager is located to be discovered.
Emerald devices respond to the discovery multicast by sending a UDP unicast back to Manager IP address on the same port
(Port 39150).
Once an Emerald device is part of the managed domain, the Manager periodically “audits” the device to determine information such
as if the device on-line, who is logged into devices, device statistics, etc. These audit requests and responses are unicast UDP to
specific IP addresses (responses are sent back to Manager’s IP address) on port 39150.
On power-up, a Transmitter sends out a “here I am” multicast message on multicast group 225.0.0.37 on port 12345.
As part of management configuration, the Manager may communicate to a specific device on port 22 (TCP unicast
communications).
Emerald can operate across multiple VLANs or subnets. Basic IP networking rules need to be followed; there should be a router
in the network to enable the various devices on different subnets to communicate with each other.
To allow Black Box’s Emerald discovery protocol to operate, Multicast routing should be enabled. Black Box’s Emerald “discovery”
protocol is not required for Emerald systems to operate but it is recommended to enable an Emerald Manager to search
for devices across the network. If the Emerald SE discovery protocol is not enabled, i.e. router does not have multicast routing
enabled, the administrator will have to manually add in all devices not on its subnet, i.e. add in each device individually
by its IP address.
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APPENDIX TROUBLESHOOTING TECHNICAL
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This page covers some basic notes & troubleshooting when using the Emerald.
Operating Modes: Connecting to an Emerald transmitter from an RDP client that is from a laptop / computer is not possible; you
must use an Emerald receiver for this. An Emerald receiver can connect to an Emerald transmitter and RDP server.
Sluggish Mouse: When using the Emerald, you may find that the mouse is not being very responsive, or has a noticeable delay.
This can typically occur if the video card is using Dithering technology. You can contact Black Box to get a small utility to disable
video card dithering on AMD graphics cards.
Error Codes: The following error codes expanded.
1 GENERAL_ERROR Connection protocol failure. Are units at the correct and compatible software version?
2 INIT_FAIL Can’t start protocol. Is the receiver at the correct software version?
3 GET_SOCKET Protocol Start Failure Are units at the correct and compatible software version?
4 CREATE_SESSION_FAIL Can’t create session. Is transmitter connected and powered on?
5 CONNECT_FAIL Can’t create session. “Is transmitter connected and powered on? Is port 22 open between units.”
6 TX_CHECK_FAIL Target device is not a transmitter. Is transmitter IP address correct?
7 VER_CHECK_FAIL Can’t read device Version. Is transmitter connected and powered on?
8 LED_FLASH_FAIL Start LED Flash command failed on remote device Is transmitter connected and powered on?
9 FILE_SEND_FAIL Can’t send upgrade file to transmitter. Is transmitter connected and powered on?
10 PERMISSION_CHANGE_FAIL Update to change settings on Transmitter Is transmitter connected and powered on?
11 EXTRACT_UPGRADE_FAIL Failed to extract upgrade file. Is upgrade file correct or damaged?
12 RUN_UPGRADE_FAIL Upgrade failed Is upgrade file correct or damaged?
13 REBOOT_FAIL Failed to reboot remote device unit. Is remote device connected and powered on?
14 FILE_SEARCH_FAIL Upgrade file format failed Is upgrade file correct or damaged?
15 LISTEN_ERROR Connection protocol failure. “Are units at the correct and compatible software version? Is transmitter
connected and powered on?”
16 SOCKET_OPTION_ERROR Connection protocol failure. “Are units at the correct and compatible software version?
Is transmitter connected and powered on?”
17 SOCKET_BIND_ERROR Connection protocol failure. “Are units at the correct and compatible software version?
Is transmitter connected and powered on?”
18 RECVFROM_ERROR Connection protocol failure. “Are units at the correct and compatible software version?
Is transmitter connected and powered on?”
19 GET_INFO_FAIL Failed to retrieve Info tab from remote device “Are units at the correct and compatible software version?
Is transmitter connected and powered on?”
20 COMPATIBILITY_FAIL Upgrade file is incompatible with version on unit Please check release notes for correct version and
compatibility information.
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21 BRAND_CHECK_FAIL This is not a correct upgrade file for Emerald Please check release notes for correct version and
compatibility information.
22 CLASS_CHECK_FAIL Can’t upgrade Transmitter with Receiver file or visa versa. Please check release notes for correct
version and compatibility information.
23 PACKAGE_CHECK_FAIL Incorrect upgrade file for this model Please check release notes for correct version and
compatibility information.
24 NO_UPGRADE_REQUIRED No upgrade required. This version of code is already on thedevice. No upgrade required.
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APPENDIX REGULATORY INFORMATION TECHNICAL
SUPPORT
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APPENDIX REGULATORY INFORMATION TECHNICAL
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APPENDIX F. DISCLAIMER/TRADEMARKS TECHNICAL
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F.1 DISCLAIMER
Black Box Network Services shall not be liable for damages of any kind, including, but not limited to, punitive, consequential or cost of
cover damages, resulting from any errors in the product information or specifications set forth in this document and Black Box
Network Services may revise this document at any time without notice.
Any other trademarks mentioned in this manual are acknowledged to be the property of the trademark owners.
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TECHNICAL
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