Datasheet
Datasheet
Datasheet
SLIS110A − APRIL 2003 − REVISED MAY 2005
features
DW PACKAGE
D Dual-Channel Knock Sensor Interface (TOP VIEW)
D Programmable Input Frequency Prescaler
(OSCIN) VDD 1 20 CH1P
GND 2 19 CH1N
D Serial Interface With Microprocessor (SPI) Vref 3 18 CH1FB
D Programmable Gain OUT 4 17 CH2FB
D Programmable Band-Pass Filter Center NC 5 16 CH2N
Frequency NC 6 15 CH2P
INT/HOLD 7 14 TEST
D External Clock Frequencies up to 24 MHz
CS 8 13 SCLK
− 4, 5, 6, 8, 10, 12, 16, 20, and 24 MHz XIN 9 12 SDI
D Programmable Integrator Time Constants XOUT 10 11 SDO
D Operating Temperature Range −40°C to
125°C
applications
D Engine Knock Detector Signal Processing
D Analog Signal Processing With Filter
Characteristics
description
The TPIC8101 is a dual-channel signal processing IC for detection of premature detonation in combustion
engine. The two sensor channels are selectable through the SPI bus. The knock sensor typically provides an
electrical signal to the amplifier inputs. The sensed signal is processed through a programmable band-pass filter
to extract the frequency of interest (engine knock or ping signals). The band-pass filter eliminates any engine
background noise associated with combustion. The engine background noise is typically low in amplitude
compared to the predetonation noise.
The detected signal is full-wave rectified and integrated by use of the INT/HOLD signal. The digital output from
the integration stage is either converted to an analog signal, passed through an output buffer, or be read directly
by the SPI.
This analog buffered output may be interfaced to an A/D converter and read by the microprocessor. The digital
output may be directly interfaced to the microprocessor.
The data from the A/D enables the system to analyze the amount of retard timing for the next spark ignition timing
cycle.
With the microprocessor closed-loop system, advancing and retarding the spark timing optimize the load/RPM
conditions for a particular engine (data stored in RAM).
Please be aware that an important notice concerning availability, standard warranty, and use in critical applications of
Texas Instruments semiconductor products and disclaimers thereto appears at the end of this data sheet.
! "# Copyright 2003 − 2005, Texas Instruments Incorporated
" $ %
"" &'# " ( " !' !"
( !! #
Vref
VDD/2 +
CH1P +
CH1N −
CH2N −
CH2FB
Programmable
Programmable Programmable
Band-Pass Rectifier
Gain Integrator
Filter
DSP
R2R
10-Bit DAC + SPI
fs = 200 kHz Test Mode
− DSP Control
VDD GND OUT SDO SDI SCLK CS TEST INT/HOLD XIN XOUT
Terminal Functions
TERMINAL
TERMINAL TYPE DESCRIPTION
NAME NO.
(PULLUP/PULLDOWN)
VDD 1 I 5-V input supply
GND 2 I Ground connection
Vref 3 O Supply reference generator with external bypass capacitor
OUT 4 O Buffered integrator output
NC† 5, 6 No connection
INT/HOLD 7 I / Pulldown Selectable for integrate (high) or hold (low) mode (with internal pulldown)
CS 8 I / Pullup Chip select for SPI communications (active low with internal pullup)
XIN 9 I Inverter input for oscillator
XOUT 10 O Inverter output for oscillator
SDO 11 O Serial data output for SPI bus
SDI 12 I / Pullup Serial data input line
SCLK 13 I / Pullup SPI clock
TEST 14 I / Pullup Test mode (active low), open for normal operation
CH2P 15 I Positive input for amplifier #2
CH2N 16 I Negative input for amplifier #2
CH2FB 17 O Output of amplifier #2, for feedback connection
CH1FB 18 O Output of amplifier #1, for feedback connection
CH1N 19 I Negative input for amplifier #1
CH1P 20 I Positive input for amplifier #1
† These terminals are to be used for test purposes only and are no connected in the system application. No signal traces should be connected
to the NC terminals.
absolute maximum ratings over operating free-air temperature (unless otherwise noted)†
Regulated input voltage (see Notes 1 and 2), VDD . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . −0.3 V to 7 V
Output voltage (see Notes 1 and 2), VO . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . −0.3 V to 7 V
Input voltage (see Notes 1 and 2), VIN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . −0.3 V to 7 V
DC input current on terminals CH1P, CH1N, CH2P, and CH2N (see Notes 1 and 2), IIN . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 mA
DC input voltage on terminals CH1P, CH1N, CH2P and CH2N (see Notes 1 and 2), VDCIN . . . . . . . . . . 14 V
Thermal impedance junction to ambient, θJA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 120°C/W
Continuous power dissipation, PD . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 200 mW
Electrostatic discharge susceptibility (see Note 3), V(HBMESD) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 kV
Operating ambient temperature range, TA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . −40°C to 125°C
Storage temperature range, Tstg . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . −65°C to 150°C
Lead temperature (soldering, 10 sec), TLEAD . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 265°C
† Stresses beyond those listed under “absolute maximum ratings” may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only, and
functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated under “recommended operating conditions” is not
implied. Exposure to absolute-maximum-rated conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability.
NOTES: 1. All voltage values are with respect to GND.
2. Absolute negative voltage on these terminals is not to go below –0.5 V.
3. The human body model is a 100-pF capacitor discharged through a 1.5-kΩ resistor into each terminal.
dc electrical characteristics, VDD = 5 V ±5%, input frequency before prescaler = 4 MHz to 20 MHz
(±0.5%), TA = −40°C to 125°C (unless otherwise specified)
PARAMETER TEST CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNITS
IDD(Q) Quiescent current VDD = 5 V 7.5 mA
IDD(OP) Operating current VDD = 5 V, XIN = 8 MHz 20 mA
Vmid0 Midpoint voltage VDD = 5 V, ISource = 2 mA 2.3 2.5 2.55 V
Vmid1 Midpoint voltage VDD = 5 V, ISink = 2 mA 2.4 2.5 2.7 V
Vmid2 Midpoint voltage VDD = 5 V, IL = 0 mA 2.4 2.5 2.6 V
Rpull0 Internal pullup resistor CS, SDI, SCLK, TEST VIN = GND 30 kΩ
Rpull1 Internal pulldown resistor INT/HOLD VIN = VDD 20 kΩ
Input leakage current CS, SDI, SCLK, Measured at GND and VDD,
Ilkg ±3 µA
INT/HOLD, TEST VDD = 5.5 V = VIN
Low-level input voltage INT/HOLD, CS, 30% of
VIL
TEST, SDI, SCLK VDD
High-level input voltage INT/HOLD, CS, 70% of
VIH
TEST, SDI, SCLK VDD
VOL Low-level output voltage SDO ISink = 4 mA, VDD = 5 V 0.7 V
VOH High-level output voltage SDO ISource = 100 µA, VDD = 5 V 4.4 V
Measured at GND and VDD = 5 V,
Ilkg(OL) Low-level leakage current SDO −10 10 µA
SDO in high impedance
VOL(XOUT) Low-level output voltage ISink = 500 µA, VDD = 4.5 V 1.5 V
VOH(XOUT) High-level output voltage ISource = 500 µA, VDD = 5 V 4.4 V
Hysteresis voltage INT/HOLD, CS, XIN, SDI,
Vhyst 0.4 V
SCLK, TEST
Input Amplifiers
VDD – VDD –
VDD = 5 V, ISource = 100 µA
0.05 0.02
VOH(1) CH1FB and CH2FB high-level output voltage V
VDD –
VDD = 5 V, ISource = 2 mA
0.5
ISink = 100 µA 15 50
VOL(1) CH1FB and CH2FB low-level output voltage mV
ISink = 2 mA 500
Cross-coupling attenuation CH1FB and fin max(ch1) = 20 kHz, measured on
CATTEN 40 dB
CH2FB channel 2
Av Open-loop gain 60 100 dB
GBW Gain bandwidth product Input range 0.5 V to 4.5 V 1 2.6 MHz
VDD –
VIN Input voltage range 0.05 V
0.05
V(offset) Offset voltage at input −10 10 mV
CMRR Common-mode rejection ratio Inputs at Vmid fin = 0 to 20 kHz 60 80 dB
PM Phase margin Gain = 1, CL = 200 pF, RL = 100 kΩ 45 deg
Prescaler, XIN
VDD = Vmin, oscillator inverter biased
VOSC Minimum input peak amplitude(1) 150 mV
feedback resistor 1 MΩ, fosc = 24 MHz
CIN Input capacitance Assured by design 7 pF
Ilkg(XIN) Leakage current −1 1 µA
NOTE 1: 150-mV input amplitude on the 4-MHz clock input only applies if the feedback network is completed. Without the feedback network, the
4-MHz signal should be at 0−5V levels.
dc electrical characteristics, VDD = 5 V ±5%, input frequency before prescaler = 4 MHz to 20 MHz
(±0.5%), TA = −40°C to 125°C (unless otherwise specified) (continued)
PARAMETER TEST CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNITS
Multiplexer
Cross-coupling attenuation (assured by fin max(ch1) = 20 kHz, measured on
CATTEN 40 dB
design) channel 2
Anti-Aliasing Filter
fc‡ Cut-off frequency at –3 dB 35 45 55 kHz
Response 1 kHz to 20 kHz referenced to 70-mV RMS, input: CH1FB or CH2FB,
BW −1 −0.5 1 dB
1 kHz output: OUT
70-mV RMS, input: CH1FB or CH2FB,
ATTEN Attenuation at 100 kHz referenced to 1 kHz −10 −15 dB
output: OUT
Analog-to-Digital Converter
fs Sampling frequency For all frequencies stated 198 200 202 kHz
AR Analog resolution 10 Bit
ADNL Differential linearity error (DNL) 1 Bit
AINL Linearity error (INL) 1 Bit
Digital-to-Analog Converter
fs(DA) Sampling frequency 198 200 202 kHz
DR Resolution at 200 kHz 10 Bit
DDNL Differential linearity error (DNL) (Vreset < DACout < 0.98 VDD) −1 1 LSB
DINL Linearity error (INL) (Vreset < DACout < 0.98 VDD) −2.5 2.5 LSB
Repeatability (for characterization purposes
DRNIL −1 1 LSB
only)
Output Buffer
VDD – VDD –
VOH High-level output voltage VDD = 5 V, ISource = 2 mA V
0.2 0.15
VOL Low-level output voltage VDD = 5 V, ISink = 2 mA 120 175 mV
Av Open-loop gain IO = ±2 mA 60 100 dB
G Output gain IO = ±2 mA 1
CL = 0 to 22 nF, max slew rate,
Vripple Ripple voltage 10 mV
12 mV/µs from Vreset to 4 V
CL = 0 to 22 nF, max slew rate,
ts Settling time 12 mV/µs from Vreset to 4 V, 20 µs
output: ±0.5 LSB
‡ fc is programmable (see Table 1).
t2 t9
t3 t8
t1 t5 t1
t4
CS
SCLK
t7
t6
INT/HOLD
t10
function principle
The TPIC8101 is designed for knock sensor signal conditioning in automotive applications. The device is an
analog interface between the engine acoustical sensors or accelerometers and the fuel management systems
of a gasoline engine. The two wide-band amplifiers process signals from the piezoelectric sensors. Outputs of
the amplifiers feed a channel select mux switch and then a 3rd order antialiasing filter. This signal is converted
using an analog-to-digital conversion (10 bits with a sampling frequency of 200 kHz) prior to the gain stage.
The gain stage is adjustable via the SPI to compensate for the knock energies. The gain setting is selectable
up to 64 values ranging from 0.111 to 2.0.
The output of the gain stage feeds a band-pass filter circuit to process the particular frequency component
associated with the engine and transducer.
The band-pass filter has a gain of two and a center frequency range between 1.22 kHz and 19.98 kHz (64-bit
selection). The output from this stage is internally clamped.
The output from the band-pass filter is full-wave rectified with its output clamped below VDD.
The full-wave rectified signals are integrated using an integrator time constant set by the SPI and integration
time window set by the pulse width of INT/HOLD. At the start of each knock window, the integrator output is reset.
The output of the integrator is internally clamped and the digital output may be directly interfaced to the
microprocessor.
The integrated signal is converted to an analog format by a 10-bit DAC. The microprocessor may interface to
this signal, reads this data, and adjusts the spark ignition timing to optimize fuel efficiency related to load versus
engine RPM.
R2
C
CH1N
−
R1
Knock Sensor 1 CH1P + CH1FB
Vref
CH2P + CH2FB
C R1
−
CH2N
Knock Sensor 2
R2
NOTE: The series capacitor C is not mandatory and may be removed in some application circuits.
Figure 2. Input Signal Configuration
Table 1. Integrator Programming
INTEGRATOR TIME BAND-PASS BAND-PASS
DECIMAL DECIMAL VALUE
CONSTANT FREQUENCY GAIN FREQUENCY GAIN
VALUE (D4…D0) (D5…D0)
(µSEC) (kHz) (kHz)
0 40 1.22 2 32 4.95 0.421
1 45 1.26 1.882 33 5.12 0.4
2 50 1.31 1.778 34 5.29 0.381
3 55 1.35 1.684 35 5.48 0.364
4 60 1.4 1.6 36 5.68 0.348
5 65 1.45 1.523 37 5.9 0.333
6 70 1.51 1.455 38 6.12 0.32
7 75 1.57 1.391 39 6.37 0.308
8 80 1.63 1.333 40 6.64 0.296
9 90 1.71 1.28 41 6.94 0.286
10 100 1.78 1.231 42 7.27 0.276
11 110 1.87 1.185 43 7.63 0.267
12 120 1.96 1.143 44 8.02 0.258
13 130 2.07 1.063 45 8.46 0.25
14 140 2.18 1 46 8.95 0.236
15 150 2.31 0.944 47 9.5 0.222
16 160 2.46 0.895 48 10.12 0.211
17 180 2.54 0.85 49 10.46 0.2
18 200 2.62 0.81 50 10.83 0.19
19 220 2.71 0.773 51 11.22 0.182
20 240 2.81 0.739 52 11.65 0.174
21 260 2.92 0.708 53 12.1 0.167
22 280 3.03 0.68 54 12.6 0.16
23 300 3.15 0.654 55 13.14 0.154
PRINCIPLES OF OPERATION
PRINCIPLES OF OPERATION
PRINCIPLES OF OPERATION
3 00 D[5:0] Set the band-pass center D[5:0] (see Table 1) Byte 1 (MSB) of the 00000001
frequency
4 10 D[5:0] Set the gain D[5:0] (see Table 1) Byte 2 (LSB) 11100000
5 110 D[4:0] Set the integration time constant D[4:0] (see Table 1) SPI configuration
(MSB)01110001(LSB)
6 0111 0001 Set SPI configuration to the None Inverted SPI configuration
advanced mode (MSB)10001110(LSB)
programming examples
prescaler/SDO status
D 01000101 programs an input frequency of 6 MHz with SDO terminal in high impedance.
channel selection
D 1110001 selects channel 2.
band-pass frequency
D 00100111 programs a band-pass filter with center frequency of 6.37 kHz.
gain control
D 10010100 programs the gain with attenuation of 0.739.
integrator time constant
D 11000011 programs integrator time constant of 55 µs. The binary values are in Table 1 through Table 3.
TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS
Input Signal
Int/Hold Signal
Output Signal
Input Signal
Int/Hold Signal
Output Signal
application schematic
VDD
OUT
4.7 µF
A/D
R2
CH1FB
3.3 nF
CS
CH1N
R1 SCLK
Knock Sensor 1
TPIC8101 SDI
CH1P
SDO
Microprocessor
Vref TEST
100 nF
INT/HOLD
CH2P
470 pF
XIN
R2
CH2FB 1 kΩ
3.3 nF XOUT
CH2N 1 MΩ
R1
Knock Sensor 2 GND
www.ti.com 24-May-2010
PACKAGING INFORMATION
(1)
The marketing status values are defined as follows:
ACTIVE: Product device recommended for new designs.
LIFEBUY: TI has announced that the device will be discontinued, and a lifetime-buy period is in effect.
NRND: Not recommended for new designs. Device is in production to support existing customers, but TI does not recommend using this part in a new design.
PREVIEW: Device has been announced but is not in production. Samples may or may not be available.
OBSOLETE: TI has discontinued the production of the device.
(2)
Eco Plan - The planned eco-friendly classification: Pb-Free (RoHS), Pb-Free (RoHS Exempt), or Green (RoHS & no Sb/Br) - please check http://www.ti.com/productcontent for the latest availability
information and additional product content details.
TBD: The Pb-Free/Green conversion plan has not been defined.
Pb-Free (RoHS): TI's terms "Lead-Free" or "Pb-Free" mean semiconductor products that are compatible with the current RoHS requirements for all 6 substances, including the requirement that
lead not exceed 0.1% by weight in homogeneous materials. Where designed to be soldered at high temperatures, TI Pb-Free products are suitable for use in specified lead-free processes.
Pb-Free (RoHS Exempt): This component has a RoHS exemption for either 1) lead-based flip-chip solder bumps used between the die and package, or 2) lead-based die adhesive used between
the die and leadframe. The component is otherwise considered Pb-Free (RoHS compatible) as defined above.
Green (RoHS & no Sb/Br): TI defines "Green" to mean Pb-Free (RoHS compatible), and free of Bromine (Br) and Antimony (Sb) based flame retardants (Br or Sb do not exceed 0.1% by weight
in homogeneous material)
(3)
MSL, Peak Temp. -- The Moisture Sensitivity Level rating according to the JEDEC industry standard classifications, and peak solder temperature.
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