Weaving Calculation DHTT 1st Year

DHTT – SECOND SEMESTER
INTRODUCTION TO NUMBERING OF YARNS
Textile yarn. Yarn is used for weaving fabric as well as knitting hosieries. If we consider a
yarn as circular cylinder, it has a definite length, cross section and weight (mass). The thickness
of a yarn is denoted by a number which is termed as count number; this count number being
dependent on the weight and length of that yarn. Therefore the count of a yarn may be defined
as the relationship between the length and weight units of the yarn.
YARN
Basically we have two systems in which the counts of
yarns may be expressed viz.:
a) The fixed weight unit system, which is otherwise known as

Indirect System of Numbering Yarns i.e. the number of
Length
weight units each of a definite weight unit indicates the
count of the yarn, whose length units per weight unit varying
according to the count numbers and
b) The fixed length unit system, which is also known as Direct

system of Numbering Yarns i.e. the number of length units
each of a definite length unit indicates the count of the yarn
whose weight units per length unit varying according to the
Thickness or Diameter
count numbers. The yarn has a definite
mass
The fixed length unit system, which is also known as Direct system of Numbering Yarns
i.e. the number of length units each of a definite length unit indicates the count of the yarn
whose weight units per length unit varying according to the count numbers.
The third system of numbering yarn is known as Universal System which has been
brought out by clubbing the above two numbering systems. This system may not be brought
under a separate category since there is no new system being involved. The well known system
of numbering yarn in this is the Tex System of numbering yarns, which has been universally,
accepted one. When indicating the count of cotton yarn either in New English System or in New
French System, it is customary to indicate its equivalent count in Tex System also to bring out a
common understanding about the thickness or finess of the yarn and vice-versa.
INDIRECT SYSTEM OF NUMBERING OF YARNS
The counts of most of the yarns made out of short fibres as well as staple fibres are
expressed in Indirect system of numbering yarns. This is also known as the fixed weight unit
system. Higher the count number finer is the yarn; smaller the count number coarser is the
yarn. The count number is not directly indicating the thickness of yarn and there by the name –
Indirect system.
1
TEXTILE CALCULATIONS
By Illustration:
Length Unit Total Length Units Weight Unit Diameter of Yarn

or
Count of Yarn
1.0+0.0 1 Unit 1 Unit
Coarser
1.0+1.0 2 Units 1 Unit
Thickness of
its own style
1.0+1.0+1.0+1.0+ 10 Units 1 Unit
1.0+1.0+1.0+1.0+ Finer
1.0+1.0
Variable Length Unit Fixed Weight Unit Size of Diameter of Yarn
From the above illustrations it is observed that the count number is inversally
proportional to the thickness or diameter of yarn i.e. higher the count number finer is the
yarn and smaller the count number coarser is the yarn.
The counts of yarns are expressed as, 10s Ne, 17s Nf, 40s worsted and so on.
Say for example 10s Ne count means that;
a) there are 10 Hanks (each of 840 yards) are contained in one pound weight.
b) the count is expressed in New English cotton system and
c) the letter ‘s’ at the right hand top indicates that the count is covered under Indirect System.
Similarly,
17s Nf count means, that, it is an Indirect count expressed under New French Cotton
System and there will be 17 Hanks (each of 1000 metres) in 0.5 Kg or 500 gms.
Also,
40s worsted means, that there will be 40 Hanks (each of 560 yards) in one pound and the
count is relevant to worsted yarn whose count is defined under Indirect System.
The count number is also known in terms of grist, twist etc. of the respective systems.
This system is generally used for cotton, spun silk / rayon, woolen, worsted, linen (wet-
spun) etc.
The advantage of this system is the comparative ease with which the weight of fabrics
can be calculated. The twist of yarn, setting of cloth etc., can be more easily calculated as they
are directly proportional to the square root of the count of the yarn.
2
The following table shows the different basic length and weight units of various systems
in Indirect Systems:
TABLE
Unit of
Name of the System Unit of Length
weight
English Cotton 1 lb. Hank of 840 yards.
French Cotton ½ kg. Hank of 1,000 metres.
Bump Cotton 1 oz. 1 yard.
Decial (for all yarns) 1 lb. Hank of 1,000 yards.
Metric 1 kg. Hank of 1,000 metres.
Spun Silk 1 lb. Hank of 840 yards.
Spun rayon staple fibres 1 lb. Hank of 840 yards.
Worsted 1 lb. Hank of 560 yards.
Linen (Wet spun) 1 lb. Lea of 300 yards.
Hemp (fine) 1 lb. Lea of 300 yards.
Woollen – Yorkshire Shein 6 lbs. Skein of 1,536 yards.
Woollen – American Cut 1 lb. Cut of 300 yards.
Woollen – American Run 1 oz. Run of 100 yards.
Woolen – Dewsbury 1 oz. 1 yard.
Woollen – Hawick 26 ozs. Cut of 300 yards.
Woollen – Galashiels 24 ozs. Cut of 300 yards.
Woollen – Alloa 24 lbs. Spyndle of 11520 yards.
Woollen – West of England 1 lb. Snap of 320 yards.
Asbestos – British 1 lb. Hank of 50 yards.
Asbestos – American 1 lb. Cut of 100 yards.
Fibreglass 1 lb. 100 yards.
CALCULATIONS :
Definition:
Count is the number of length units (each of a definite length unit) per weight unit.
Formulae derivation:
Length in appropriate length unit … .1

Count =
Weight in corresponding weight unit
By cross multiplication of the above formula, we get, that,
Length in appropriate length unit

Weight = … .2
Count of yarn
Length = Count x Weight in appropriate weight unit .…3
It will be seen from the above that, there are three factors viz., count, length and weight,
of which two must be known to find out the third one.
Count in short may be written as ct.
3
Length in short may be written as lt.

Weight in short may be written as wt.
New English [Ne] System:
The count of yarn in this system is expressed as xs Ne., where x is the count of yarn of this
system.
Example. 2s Ne., 6s Ne., 10s Ne., 20s Ne., 40s Ne., 60s Ne., 80s Ne. and so on.
Basic length unit: Hank of 840 yards
Basic weight unit: 1.0 pound.
Definition:
Count is the Number of Hanks each of 840 yards in one pound weight.
Example: 40s Ne., means that there will be 40 Hanks each of 840 yards, in one pound; and
the length of yarn per pound is, 1 x 40 x 840 = 33,600 yds.
Hank in short may be written as hk.

Yard in short may be written as yd.
Pound in short may be written as lb.
Explanation:
The following table shows the relationship between the Length and Weight units in deriving the
count of the yarn.
Length unit Weight unit Count in Ne. System

1 Unit : 1.0 x 840 = 840 yards 1.0 lb 1s
2.0 Units : 2.0 x 840 = 1680 yards 1.0 lb 2s
6.0 Units : 6.0 x 840 = 5040 yards 1.0 lb 6s
10 Units : 10 x 840 = 8400 yards 1.0 lb 10s
40 Units : 40 x 840 = 33600 yards 1.0 lb 40s
60 Units : 60 x 840 = 50400 yards 1.0 lb 60s
80 Units : 80 x 840 = 67200 yards 1.0 lb 80s
100 Units : 100 x 840 = 84000 yards 1.0 lb 100s
120 Units : 120 x 840 = 100800 yards 1.0 lb 120s
150 Units : 150 x 840 = 126000 yards 1.0 lb 150s
1.0 Length unit = 1 Hank = Length of 840 yards.

Formulae Derivation:
Count = Number of Hks each of 840 yds per lb.
Length in yards/840
=
Weight in lbs / 1
Length in yards 1
Count in Ne. system = x
840 Weight in lbs
…..….1
4
OR
Length in yards
=
840 x Weight in Pounds
By cross multiplication, we get, that,
Length in yards 1
Weight in lbs = x
840 Count in Ne. system
OR
Length in yards
=
840 x Count in Ne. system
……...2
And,
Length in Hks = Wt. in lbs x Ct. in Ne. system

………3
Length in yards = Wt. in lbs x Ct. in Ne. system x 840
Length in mts. = Wt. in lbs x Ct. in Ne. sys x 840 x 0.9144

………4
Since, 1 yard = 0.9144 mt.
Use of grain weight in formulae:

Since, 1 Pound = 7000 grains.
Length in yards 7000

840 Weight in grains
……..1

Weight in grains = x
840 Count in Ne. System
……..2
Also,
Weight in grains
Length in Hks. = x Count in Ne. System
7000
……..3
Weight in grains
Length in yds. = x Count in Ne. System x 840
7000
……..4
Use of gram weight in formulae:
Since, 1 Pound = 453.59 gms.
5
Length in yards 453.59

Count in Ne. System = x
840 Weight in gms.
……..1
Length in yds 453.59

Weight in gms. = x
……..2
Also,
Weight in gms
Length in Hks. = x Count in Ne. System
453.59
……..3
Similarly,
Weight in gms
Length in yards = x Count in Ne. System x 840
453.59
……..4
Use of ounce weight in Formulae:

Since, 1 pound = 16 ounces
Length in yards 16
Count in Ne. System = x
840 Weight in oz
……..1
Length in yards 16
Weight in oz = x
……..2
Also,
Weight in oz
Length in Hks = x Count in Ne. System
16
……..3
Weight in oz
Lt. in yds. = x Count in Ne. System x 840
16
..……4
6
For other weight units the above formulae may be modified as per the weight unit in
question.
Weight in gms per Hank of some of the Cotton yarns:

Count of yarns Weight in gms. of yarn per Hank.
6s 1/6 lb or 1/6 x 453.59 : 75.60
10s 1/10 lb or 1/10 x 453.59 : 45.36
20s 1/20 lb or 1/20 x 453.59 : 22.68
32s 1/32 lb or 1/32 x 453.59 : 14.18
40s 1/40 lb or 1/40 x 453.59 : 11.34
60s 1/60 lb or 1/60 x 453.59 : 07.56
80s 1/80 lb or 1/80 x 453.59 : 05.67
100s 1/100 lb or 1/100 x 453.59 : 04.54
120 s 1/120 lb or 1/120 x 453.59 : 03.78
150s 1/150 lb or 1/150 x 453.59 : 03.02
As indicated above for other cotton counts, the weight per hank may be ascertained.
Length in yards per pound of some of the Cotton yarns:

Count of yarns Length in yards per pound
6s 6 x 840 = 5,040
10s 10 x 840 = 8,400
20s 20 x 840 = 16,800
32s 32 x 840 = 26,800
40s 40 x 840 = 33,600
60s 60 x 840 = 50,400
80s 80 x 840 = 67,200
100s 100 x 840 = 84,000
120s 120 x 840 = 1,00,800
150s 150 x 840 = 1,26,000
Yarn Bundling System:
1 Hank = 1½ yards x 80 x 7 = 840 yards
For Coarser yarns.
5 Hanks = 1 Knot (Half Knot)
For Finer yarns.
10 Hanks = 1 Knot (Full Knot)
20 Knots = 1 Ladi (Local Term) (Double Knot)
Weight per Bundle of Cotton yarns:
40s Ne. and below 40s Ne. = 10 pounds per bundle
60s, 80s, 100s, 120s etc. = 5 pounds per bundle
Rate is being quoted for 10 pounds only i.e. for 2 bundles (2 x 5 = 10 pounds).
7
Examples:
Example 1. If 240 yards of cotton yarn weigh 40 grains, what is the count of the yarn in
New English System ?
The given details are:
Length of yarn = 240 yards
Weight of yarn = 40 grains
Count of yarn = ?

Count of yarn in Ne. System = x
240 7000
= x
840 40
= 50s
Example 2. Find the weight of 270 yards of 60s cotton yarn ?
Count of yarn = 60s
Weight of yarn in grains = ?

Weight of yarn = x
270 7000
= x
840 60
= 37.5 grains
Example 3. What is the length of 105 grains of 40s cotton yarn ?
Count of yarn = 40s cotton
Length of yarn = ?
Weight in grains
Length of yarn = x Count of Yarn in Ne. Sys
7000
8
105
= x 40 = 0.6 hank or
7000
= 0.6 x 840
= 504 yards
Example 4. Calculate the weight 816 hanks of 60s cotton yarn ?
Length of yarn = 816 hanks
Count of yarn = 60s
Weight of yarn = ?
Length in hanks
Weight of yarn =
Count of yarn in Ne. Sys
816
= = 13.6 lbs or
60
= 13.6 x 0.45359
= 6.169 kg.
Since, 1 pound = 0.45359 kg
Example 5. What is the length of 2.5 pound of 30s cotton yarn ?

Weight of yarn = 2.5 pound
Length of yarn in Hanks = ?
Length of yarn in Hanks = Weight in pounds x Count in Ne. sys.
= 2.5 x 30
= 7.5 and
Length of yarn in yards = 7.5 x 840
= 6,300
Example 6. If one bundle of cotton yarn contains 180 hanks length, What is the count
of the yarn ?
Weight of one bundle of cotton yarn = 10 pounds
9

Count of yarn in Ne. System = ?
Length in hanks
Count of yarn in Ne. System =
Weight in pounds
= 180
10
= 18s cotton
Example 7. How many hanks are contained in 5 bundles of 80s cotton yarn ?

Weight of yarn per bundle = 10 pound
Number of bundles = 5
Number of hanks of yarn in 5 bundles = ?
Total weight of yarn = 10 x 5 = 50 pounds
Length in hanks = Weight in pounds x Count in Ne. sys.
= 50 x 80
= 4,000
Example 8. There are 2760 hanks of 12s cotton yarn. How many bundles can be made
out of it ?

No. of bundles to be made = ?
1
Total weight of yarn = Length in hanks x
Count in Ne. sys.
1
= 2760 x = 230 pounds
12
230
No. of bundles to be made =
10
= 23
2. New French System:
This is otherwise known as Nf. System
The count of yarn in this system is expressed as xs Nf., where x is the count of yarn of the
system.
10
Example. 8s Nf., 12s Nf., 17s Nf., 28s Nf., 52s Nf. and so on.
Explanation:
The following table shows the relationship between the Weight and Length units in
deriving the count of the yarn in Nf. System.
Length unit Weight unit Count in

Ne. System
1 Unit : 1.0 x 1000 = 1000 metres 0.5 kg. or 500 gms. 1s
2.0 Units : 2.0 x 1000 = 2000 metres 0.5 kg. or 500 gms. 2s
6.0 Units : 6.0 x 1000 = 6000 metres 0.5 kg. or 500 gms. 6s
8.0 Units : 8.0.0 x 1000 = 8000 metres 0.5 kg. or 500 gms. 8s
12 Units : 12 x 1000 = 12000 metres 0.5 kg. or 500 gms. 12s
1 Unit = 1 Hank = 1000 metres

Calculation
Basic Length unit = Hank of 1000 mts.
Basic Weight unit = 0.5 Kg. or 500 gms.
Definition
Count is the No. of Hanks each of 1000 metres in 0.5 kg OR 500 grams weight
Count = No. of Hanks each of 1000 metres in
0.5 Kg. (or) 500 gms. weight.
Length in metres / 1000

Count =
Weight in Kg./0.5
Length in metres 0.5

= x
1000 Weight in Kg.
.…..1
By cross multiplication of the above formulae, we get that:
Length in metres 0.5
Weight in Kg. = x
1000 Count in Nf. System
…...2
Also,
Weight in Kg.
Length in Hanks = x Count in Nf. System
0.5
...…3
Similarly,
Weight in Kg.
Length in metres = x Count in Nf. Sys. x 1000
0.5
...…4
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The formulae in terms of grams weight:

Count =
Weight in gms./ 500
Length in metres 500

= x
1000 Weight in gms.
.…..1
By cross multiplication of the above, we get that
Weight in gms. = x
1000 Count in Nf. system
...…2
Also,
Weight in gms.
Length in Hanks = x Count in Nf. system
500
……3
Similarly,
Weight in gms.
Length in metres = x Count in Nf. sys. x 1000
500
…….4
The weight in one bundle of 2/17s Nf. Cotton yarn is 5.0 kgs. and having,
17 85
x 5 = 85 hanks. And 5 hanks = 1 knot ; = 17 Knots per bundle.
0.5 x 2 5
Example 1. Calculate the count of 100 metres of cotton yarn, if its weight is 4 grams.
The given details are :

Length of yarn = 100 metres
Weight of yarn = 4.0 gms
Count of yarn in Nf. System = ?
Count of yarn = x
1000 Weight in gms.
100 500
= x = 12.5 Nf.
1000 4
Example 2. If the weight of 60 Kilometres of cotton yarn is 5 Kilogrammes, What is the

count of the yarn ?

Length of yarn = 60 Kilometres
Weight of yarn = 5 Kilometres
Count of yarn in Nf. system = ?
12
0.5
Count of yarn in Nf. system = Length in Kilometres x
Weight in Kgs.
Length in metres
Since, = Length in Kilometres
1000
0.5
= 60 x
5
= 6 Nf.
Example 3. What is the weight of 180 kilometres of 24s Nf. Cotton yarn ?

Length of yarn = 180 kms
Count of yarn = 24s Nf.
Weight of yarn = ?
0.5
Weight of yarn in kgs. = Length of yarn in kms. x
Count of yarn
in Nf. system
0.5
= 180 x
24
= 3.750 kgs. OR
= 3 kgs. (0.750 x 1000) gms.
= 3 kgs. 750 gms.
Example 4. How much 765 metres of 34s cotton yarn will weigh ?

Length of yarn = 765 mts.
Weight of yarn = ?
Length in metres. 500

Weight of yarn in gms. = x
1000 Count in Nf.
system
765 500
= x
1000 34
= 11.250
13
Example 5. Calculate the length of 13 grammes of 42s Nf. cotton yarn ?

Weight of yarn = 13 gms.
Length of yarn = ?
Weight in
gms. Count in Nf.
Length of yarn in mts. = x x 1000
500 system
13
= x 42 x 1000
500
= 1092
Example 6. What is the length of 536 kilogrammes of 25s cotton yarn ?

Weight of yarn = 536 Kgs.
Length of yarn = ?
Length of yarn in Hanks =
Weight in Kgs.
= x Count in Nf. system
0.5
536
= x 25
0.5
(1 Hank = 1000 mts. = 1 kilometre)
= 26,800
Example 7. Find the count of 960 metres of cotton yarn, which weighs 20 grammes.

Length of yarn = 960 mts.
Count of yarn in Nf. system = ?
Count of yarn in Nf. system =
= x
1000 Weight in gms.
960 500
= x
1000 20
= 24 Nf.
14
4) Decimal (for all yarns) system:

The count of yarn in this system is expressed as xs Decimal, where x is the count of the
system.
Example. 4s Decimal, 12s Decimal, 28s Decimal, 44s Decimal and so on.
Explanation:
deriving the count of the yarn in Decimal System.

Ne. System
1.0 Unit : 1.0 x 1000 = 1000 yards 1 pound 1s
2.0 Units : 2.0 x 1000 = 2000 yards 1 pound 2s
12 Units : 12 x 1000 = 12000 yards 1 pound 12s

Calculations
Basic Length unit = Hank of 1000 yards
Basic weight unit = 1.0 pound
Definition
Count is the No. of Hanks each of 1000 yards per pound
Count = Number of Hanks each of 1000 yards
per pound
Length in yards / 1000

Count =
Weight in pounds / 1
Length in yards 1
= x
1000 Weight in pound
OR
Length in yards
=
1000 x Weight in pound
…….1
15
By cross multiplication of the above formulae, we get, that:
Length in yards 1
Weight in pounds = x
1000 Count in Decimal sys.
OR
Length in yards
=
1000 x Count in Decimal System
……..2
Also,
Weight in pound
Length in Hanks = x Count in Decimal Sys.
1
OR
= Weight in pound x Count in Decimal Sys.

…….3
Similarly,
Weight in pound Count in Decimal

Length in yards = x
1 System x 1000
OR
Count in Decimal
= Weight in pound x
System x 1000
…….4
Example: 45 yards of cotton yarn was found to weigh 5 grains, calculate the count in
decimal system.

Weight of yarn = 5 grains OR
(5/7000) pound
Since, 7000 grains = 1.0 pound
Count of yarn = ?
Length in yards 1
Count of yarn in Decimal System = x
1000 Weight in pounds
45 1
= x
1000 (5 / 7000)
45 7000
= x
1000 5
= 63s Decimal
16
5) Metric System:
The count of yarn in this system is expressed as xs Metric, where x is the count of yarn of
this system.
Example. 6s Metric, 12s Metric, 32s Metric, 56s Metric and so on

Explanation:
deriving the count of the yarn in Metric System.

Ne. System
1.0 Unit : 1.0 x 1000 = 1000 metres 1 kg. or 1000 gms. 1s
2.0 Units : 2.0 x 1000 = 2000 metres 1 kg. or 1000 gms. 2s
12 Units : 12 x 1000 = 12000 metres 1 kg. or 1000 gms. 12s

Calculations
Basic Length unit = Hank of 1000 metres
Basic weight unit = 1.0 Kg. OR 1000 gms.
Since 1 Kg. = 1000 gms.

Definition:
Count is the No. of Hanks each of 1000 metres per kg. or 1000 grams.
Count = Number of Hanks each of 1000 metres
Per kilogramme or 1000 grammes.

Count of yarn in Decimal System =
Weight in Kg./ 1
…….1
Length in metres 1
= x
1000 Weight in Kg.
OR
Length in metres
=
1000 x Weight in Kg.
17
Length in metres 1
Weight in Kg. = x
1000 Count in metric sys.
OR
Length in metres
=
1000 x Count in metric sys
…….2
Also,
Weight in Kg.
Length in Hanks = x Count in metric system
1
OR
= Weight in Kg. x Count in metric system

…….3
Similarly,
Weight in Kg. Count in metric

Length in metres = x
1 System x 1000
OR
Count in metric
= Weight in kg. x
System x 1000
…….4
The above formulae in terms of gms.:

Count =
Weight in gms./ 1000

= x
1000 Weight in gms.
….….1

Weight in gms. = x
1000 Count in metric sys.
……..2
Also,
Weight in gms.
Length in Hanks = x Count in metric sys.
1000
……..3
18
Similarly,
Weight in gms. Count in metric

Length in metres = x
1000 System x 1000
……...4
Example 1. If 75 Kilometres of yarn weights 2.5 kilogrammes, what is its count in

metric count ?

Length of yarn = 75 Kilometres
Weight of yarn = 2.5 Kilogrammes
Count of yarn in metric system = ?
1
Count of yarn in metric system = Length in kilometres x
Weight in Kgs.
1
= 75 x
2.5
= 30s metric
Example 2. 114 metres of yarn was found to weigh 3 grammes, calculate the count of
yarn in metric system ?

Weight of yarn = 3.0 grammes
Count of yarn in metric system = ?

Count of yarn in metric system = x
1000 Weight in gms.
114 1000
= x
1000 3
= 38s metric
7) Spun Silk / Spun Rayon System:
The Spun Silk & Spun Rayon yarns are spun from the staple fibres obtained by cutting
the staples and the fibres are spun into yarn similar to the cotton spinning process. The counts
of Spun Silk or Spun Rayon are expressed as similar to New English System since the basic
weight and basic length units are same.
The count of yarn in this system is expressed as xs Spun Silk or xs Spun Rayon, where x is
the count of yarn of the system.
Example. 10s Spun Silk, 32s Spun Silk, 40s Spun Silk and so on; and 10s Spun Rayon,
32s Spun Rayon, 40s Spun Rayon and so on.
19
Explanation:
The following table shows the relationship between the Length and Weight units in
deriving the count of yarn in Spun Silk / Spun Rayon System.

1.0 Unit : 1.0 x 840 = 840 yards 1.0 lb 1s
2.0 Units : 2.0 x 840 = 1680 yards 1.0 lb 2s
6.0 Units : 6.0 x 840 = 5040 yards 1.0 lb 6s
10 Units : 10 x 840 = 8400 yards 1.0 lb 10s
40 Units : 40 x 840 = 33600 yards 1.0 lb 40s
60 Units : 60 x 840 = 50400 yards 1.0 lb 60s
80 Units : 80 x 840 = 67200 yards 1.0 lb 80s
100 Units : 100 x 840 = 84000 yards 1.0 lb 100s
120 Units : 120 x 840 = 100800 yards 1.0 lb 120s
150 Units : 150 x 840 = 126000 yards 1.0 lb 150s

Calculations:
Basic Length units = Hank of 840 yards
Basic Weight unit = 1 pound
Definition

Count = Number of Hks each of 840 yds per lb.
Length in yards/840
=
Weight in lbs / 1
Length in yards 1
840 Weight in lbs
OR
Length in yards
=
840 x Weight in Pounds
…..….1
Length in yards 1
Weight in lbs = x
OR
Length in yards
=
840 x Count in Ne. system
……...2
20
And,
Length in Hks = Wt. in lbs x Ct. in Ne. system

………3
Length in yards = Wt. in lbs x Ct. in Ne. system x 840
………4
Length in mts. = Wt. in lbs x Ct. in Ne. sys x 840 x 0.9144
Since, 1 yard = 0.9144 mt.
Regarding count, weight, length calculations, the calculations as given in New English
System may be referred to.
7) Worsted System:
The count of yarn in this system is expressed as xs worsted where x is the count of yarn
of the system.
Example. 16s Worsted, 24s Worsted, 32s Worsted, 40s Worsted, 60s Worsted and so on.
Explanation:
deriving the count of yarn in Worsted System.

1.0 Unit : 1.0 x 560 = 560 yards 1.0 lb 1s
2.0 Units : 2.0 x 560 = 1120 yards 1.0 lb 2s
6.0 Units : 6.0 x 560 = 3360 yards 1.0 lb 6s
10 Units : 10 x 560 = 5600 yards 1.0 lb 10s
24 Units : 24 x 560 = 13440 yards 1.0 lb 24s
32 Units : 32 x 560 = 17920 yards 1.0 lb 32s
40 Units : 40 x 560 = 24400 yards 1.0 lb 40s
60 Units : 60 x 560 = 33600 yards 1.0 lb 60s

Calculations:
Definition
Count = Number of Hanks each of 560 yards
Per pound weight.

Count =
Weight in pound / 1
21
Length in yards 1
= x
560 Weight in pound
OR
Length in yards
=
……..1
By cross multiplication of the formulae, we get, that
Length in yards 1
560 Count in worsted sys.
OR
Length in yards
=
560 x Count in worsted sys.
……..2
Also,
Weight in pounds Count in worsted

Length in Hanks = x
1 System
OR
Count in worsted
= Weight in pounds x
System
..……3
Similarly,
Weight in pounds Count in worsted

Length in yards = x
1 System x 560
OR
Count in worsted
System x 560
……...4
Example 1. The weight of 600 yards of a worsted yarn was found to be 12 grammes,
What is its count ?

Weight of yarn = 12 grammes OR
= 12
453.59 pound
Since, 1 lb = 453.59 gms.

Count of yarn in worsted system = ?
22
Length in yards 1
Count of yarn in worsted system = x
600 1
= x
560 (12 / 453.59)
600 453.59
= x
560 12
= 40.499 OR 40.5s worsted
Example 2. The count of 300 yards of worsted yarn was found to be 60s worsted. What
is its weight in grains ?

Count of yarn = 60s worsted
Length in yards 1
Weight of yarn in grains = x x 7000
560 Count of yarn in
worsted system
Since, 1 lb = 7000 grains
300 7000
= x
560 60
= 62.5
Example 3. The weight of a 32s worsted yarns was found to be 157 grains, what is its
length in metres ?

Length of yarn in metres = ?
Length of yarn in metres =
Weight in grains
x Count of yarn in worsted system x 560 x 0.9144
7000
Since, 1 yards = 0.9144 metre
157
= x 32 x 560 x 0.9144
7000
= 367.52 metres
23
8. Linen (Wet Spun) System:

The count of yarn in this system is derived on the basis of No. of Leas per pound and the
count of yarn in this system is expressed as xs Linen, where x is the count of the yarn of the
system.
Example. 6s Linen, 8s Linen, 24s Linen, 32s Linen, 54s Linen and so on.
Explanation:
deriving the count of yarn in Linen System.

1.0 Unit : 1.0 x 300 = 300 yards 1.0 lb 1s
2.0 Units : 2.0 x 300 = 600 yards 1.0 lb 2s
6.0 Units : 6.0 x 300 = 1800 yards 1.0 lb 6s
8.0 Units : 8.0 x 300 = 2400 yards 1.0 lb 8s
10 Units : 10 x 300 = 3000 yards 1.0 lb 10s
24 Units : 24 x 300 = 7200 yards 1.0 lb 24s
32 Units : 32 x 300 = 9600 yards 1.0 lb 32s
40 Units : 40 x 300 = 12000 yards 1.0 lb 40s
54 Units : 54 x 300 = 16200 yards 1.0 lb 54s
60 Units : 60 x 300 = 18000 yards 1.0 lb 60s
1.0 Length unit = 1 Lea = Lea of 300 yards.

Calculations:
Basic Length unit = Lea of 300 yards
Definition
Count is the No. of Leas each of 300 yards per pound
Count = Number of leas each of 300 yards
per pound weight.

Count =
Weight in pound / 1
Length in yards 1
= x
300 Weight in pound
OR
Length in yards
=
…….1
By cross multiplication of the above formulae, we get, that
Length in yards 1
300 Count in Linen sys.
24
OR
Length in yards
=
300 x Count in Linen sys.
……..2
Also,
Weight in pound
Length in Leas = x Count in Linen sys.
1
OR
= Weight in pounds x Count in Linen sys.
…….3
Similarly,
Weight in pounds Count of Linen
Length in yards = x
1 system x 300
OR
Count of Linen
Length in yards = Weight in pounds x
system x 300
…….4
Example. If 240 yards of Linen yarn weighs 1.0 ounce, what is its count ?
Weight of yarn = 1.0 ounce OR (1/16) lb
Since, 1 lb = 16 ounces
Count of yarn in Linen System = ?
Length in yards 1
Count of yarn in Linen System = x
300 Weight in pound
240 1
= x
300 Weight in pound
240 1
= x
300 (1/16)
240 16
= x
300 1
= 12.8s Lea.
9. Woollen – Yorkshire Skein System:

The count of yarn in this system is derived on the basis of the No. of skeins per weight
unit and the count of yarn in this system is expressed as xs Woollen. Y.S.S., where x is the count
of the yarn of this system.
25
Example. 8s Woollen. Y.S.S., 16s Woollen. Y.S.S., 24s Woollen. Y.S.S., 36s Woollen. Y.S.S.,
52s Woollen. Y.S.S. and so on.
Explanation:
deriving the count of yarn in Woollen Yorkshire Skein System.

1.0 Unit : 1.0 x 1536 = 1536 yards 6.0 lb 1s
2.0 Units : 2.0 x 1536 = 3072 yards 6.0 lb 2s
6.0 Units : 6.0 x 1536 = 9216 yards 6.0 lb 6s
8.0 Units : 8.0 x 1536 = 12288 yards 6.0 lb 8s
10 Units : 10 x 1536 = 15360 yards 6.0 lb 10s
16 Units : 16 x 1536 = 24576 yards 6.0 lb 16s
24 Units : 24 x 1536 = 36864 yards 6.0 lb 24s
36 Units : 36 x 1536 = 55296 yards 6.0 lb 36s
40 Units : 40 x 1536 = 61440 yards 6.0 lb 40s
52 Units : 52 x 1536 = 79872 yards 6.0 lb 52s
1.0 Length unit = 1 Skein = Skein of 1536 yards.

Calculations:
Basic Length unit = Skein of 1,536 yards
Basic Weight unit = 6.0 pounds
Definition
Count is the No. of Skeins each of 1536 yards per 6 pounds
Count = Number of skeins each of 1,536 yards
Per 6 pound weight.

Count =
Weight in pound / 6
Length in yards 6
= x
…….1
Length in yards 6
1536 Count in woollen
yorkshire skein
…….2
Also,
Weight in pounds Count in woollen
Length in skeins = x
6 yorkshire skein
…….3
26
Similarly,
Length in yards = x yorkshire skein
6
x 1536
..…..4
As an alternative to the above formulae derivation, the following formulae derivations
may also be suggested.
Basic Length unit = Skein of 256 yards

Basic Weight unit = 1 pound
Definition
Count is the No. of Skeins each of 256 yards per pound
Count = No. of skeins each of 256 yards
per pound

=
Weight in pound / 1
Length in yards 1
= x
OR
Length in yards
=
256 x Weight in pounds
…….1
Length in yards 1
256 Count in woollen. y. s. s
system
OR
Length in yards
=
256 x Count in woollen. y. s. s. system
……2
And,
Length in skeins = x
1 yorkshire skein sys.
OR
Count in woollen
yorkshire skein sys.
……3
27
Also,

Length in yards = x yorkshire skein
1
x 256
OR
Count in woollen
Length in yards = Weight in pounds x yorkshire skein
x 256
…….4
Example 1. The weight of 786 yards of woolen yarn is 0.25 pound, what is the count of
the yarn ?

Count of yarn in woollen yorkshire skein = ?
Length in yards 6
Count of yarn in woollen yorkshire skein = x
786 6
= x
1536 0.25
= 12s woollen yorkshire skein.
Example 2. If 100 yards of woollen yarn weighs 0.5 ounce, what is its count in woollen
yorkshire skein ?

Weight of yarn = 0.5 ounce OR (0.5 / 16) pound
Count of yarn in woollen yorkshire skein = ?
Length in yards 6
Count of yarn in woollen yorkshire skein = x
100 6
= x
1536 (0.5 / 16)
100 6 x 16
= x
1536 0.5
= 12.5s woollen yorkshire skein.
28
12. Asbestos – British System:

The count of yarn in this system is expressed as xs British Asbestos, where x is the count
of yarn of this system.
Example. 0.5s British Asbestos, 1s British Asbestos, 4s British Asbestos, 6s British

Asbestos and so on.
Explanation:
deriving the count of yarn in British Asbestos System.

0.5 Unit : 0.5 x 50 = 25 yards 1.0 lb 0.5s
1.0 Unit : 1.0 x 50 = 50 yards 1.0 lb 1s
2.0 Units : 2.0 x 50 = 100 yards 1.0 lb 2s
4.0 Units : 4.0 x 50 = 200 yards 1.0 lb 4s
6.0 Units : 6.0 x 50 = 300 yards 1.0 lb 6s
8.0 Units : 8.0 x 50 = 400 yards 1.0 lb 8s
10 Units : 10 x 50 = 500 yards 1.0 lb 10s
16 Units : 16 x 50 = 800 yards 1.0 lb 16s
24 Units : 24 x 50 = 1200 yards 1.0 lb 24s
36 Units : 36 x 50 = 1800 yards 1.0 lb 36s
40 Units : 40 x 50 = 2000 yards 1.0 lb 40s
1.0 Length unit = 1 Hank = Hank of 50 yards.

Calculations:
Basic Weigh unit = 1.0 pound
Definition
Count = Number of hanks each of 50 yards
Per pound weight.
Count =
Weight in pounds / 1
Length in yards 1
= x
50 Weight in pounds
OR
Length in yards
=
50 x Weight in pounds
….....1
29
Length in yards 1
50 Count in Asbestos
British System
OR
Length in yards
=
50 x Count in Asbestos British System
…….2
Also,
Weight in pounds Count in Asbestos
Length in Hanks = x
1 British System
OR
Count in Asbestos
British System
…….3
Similarly,
Weight in pounds Count in Asbestos
Length in yards = x
1 British System x 50
OR
Count in Asbestos
British System x 50
…….4
Examples:
Example 1. 95 yards of Asbestos yarn is found to weigh 8 ounce, calculate the count of
the yarn ?

Weight of yarn = 8 ounce OR (8/16) pound
Count of yarn in Asbestos British System = ?
Length in yards 1
Count of yarn in Asbestos British System = x
50 Weight in pounds
95 1
= x
50 (8/16)
95 16
= x
50 8
= 3.8s Asbestos British System
30
Example 2. Calculate the weight of 1425 yards of 2s Asbestos yarn.

Count of yarn = 2s Asbestos British
Weight of yarn = ?
Length in yards 1
Weight of yarn in ounce = x
50 Count in Asbestos
British System x 16
1425 16
= x = 228 (OR)
50 2
14 Pounds 4 ounce
Since, 1 lb = 16 ounce
Example 3. Calculate the length in yards contained in 24 pounds of 4s Asbestos yarn ?

Weight of yarn = 24 pounds
Count of yarn = 4s Asbestos British
Length of yarn in yards = ?
Weight in pounds 1
Length of yarn in yards = x
1 Count in Asbestos
British System x 50
24
= x 4 x 50
1
= 4800
Miscellaneous Examples:
1) The weight of 1000 metres of yarn is 10 gms., what is its count in the following systems:
a) Ne Cotton b) Nf. Cotton c) Worsted

d) Linen & e) Metric
Length of yarn = 1000 metres OR
= (1000 x 1.0936) yards
Since, 1 metre = 1.0936 yards
Weight of yarn = 10 gms OR
= (10/453.59 pound)
Length in yards 1
a) Count of yarn in Ne. cotton system = x
31
(1000 X 1.0936) 1
= x
840 (10/453.59)
1093.6 453.59
= x
840 10
= 59.05s Ne. cotton

b) Count of yarn in Nf. cotton system = x
1000 Weight in gms.
1000 500
= x
1000 10
= 50s Nf. cotton
Length in yards 1
c) Count of yarn in worsted system = x
1093.6 1
= x
560 (10/453.59)
1093.6 453.59
= x
560 10
= 80.58s worsted.
Length in yards 1
d) Count of yarn in linen system = x
300 Weight in pound
1093.6 1
= x
300 (10/453.59)
1093.6 453.59
= x
300 10
= 165.35s linen

e) Count of yarn in metric system = x
1000 Weight in gms.
1000 1000
= x
1000 10
= 100s metric
2) A bundle contains 10 pounds of 40s cotton yarn. What is the length of yarn in the bundle?

Weight of yarn per bundle = 10 pounds
32
Count of yarn = 40s Ne. cotton

Length of yarn in the bundle = ?
40s Ne. count means that there will be 40 hanks each of 840 yards per pound weight.
∴ Length of yarn in Hanks = Weight in pounds x count in Ne. sys.

per bundle of 10 pounds
= 10 x 40
= 400 Hanks OR
= 400 x 840
= 3,36,000 yards
3) You are given a piece of cotton yarn of 32 yards long. Its weight as determined on a
physical balance was found to be 8 grains. What is the count of yarn in Ne. System ?

Count of yarn in Ne. System = ?
32 7000
= x
840 8
= 33.33s Ne. cotton
4) Determine the weight of 450 yards of Linen yarn, whose count is 6 leas.
Count of yarn = 6s leas
Weight of yarn in grains = x
300 Count in Linen
System
450 7000
= x
300 6
= 1750
5) If 240 yards of Linen yarn weighs 1 ounce. What is its count ?

33
Weight of yarn = 1.0 ounce Or (1/16) pound

Count of yarn in Linen System = ?
Length in yards 1
240 1
= x
300 (1/16)
240 16
= x
300 1
= 12.8s Leas
6) Calculate the weight of 112 yards of worsted yarn. Whose count is 56s worsted.

Weight of yarn = ?
560 Count in worsted
system
112 7000
= x
560 56
= 25
7) Calculate the weight of 300 yards of yarn, which is of 9s grist.

The count of Jute (wet spun) is expressed in terms of grist which in similar to
Linen count.
Count of yarn = 9 grist.

Weight of yarn = ?
300 Count in Jute yarn in
grist system
300 7000
= x
300 9
= 777.78 grains
34
8) 1800 yards of Jute yarn is found to weight 12 ounces, calculate the count of the yarn.

Weight of yarn = 12 ounces OR (12/16) pounds
Count of yarn in grist = ?
Length in yards 16
Count of yarn = x
300 Weight in ounce
1800 16
= x
300 12
= 8s grist
9) How many hanks are contained in 45 pounds of 15s cotton yarn ?

Weight of yarn = 45 pounds
Count of yarn = 15s Ne.
Length of yarn in hanks = ?
15s Ne. Cotton means that there will be 15 hanks each of 840 yards in one pound of yarn.
∴ Length of yarn in hanks in = Weight in pounds x Count in Ne. System
45 pounds of yarn
= 45 x 15
= 675 Hanks
10) Calculate the weight of 40 packages of yarn each containing 100 hanks of 20s cotton.

Number of packages = 40
Number of Hanks per package = 100
Total weight of yarn in 40 packages = ?
Length in hanks
Weight of 100 hanks of yarn =
Count in Ne. system
100
= = 5 pounds i. e. 5 pounds
20
weight per package
∴ Total weight of yarn in 40 packages = 5 x 40
= 200 pounds
35
11) What is the weight of 60 yards of cotton yarn, whose count is 128s cotton ?

Weight of yarn = ?
840 Count in Ne. cotton
system
60 7000
= x
840 128
= 3.91
12) The weight of 120 yards of cotton yarn is 25 grains, what is its count ?

Count of yarn in Ne. system = ?
Count of yarn in Ne. system = x
120 7000
= x
840 2.5
= 40s Ne. cotton
13) If 100 yards of cotton yarn weighs 1.0 gramme, what is its count ?

Weight of yarn = 1.0 gramme OR (1/453.59) pound
Count of yarn in Ne. system = ?
Length in yards 1
Count of yarn in Ne. system = x
100 1
= x
840 (1/453.59)
100 453.59
= x
840 1
= 54s Ne. cotton
36
14) A bunch of yarn contains 60 yards of 20s cotton, 144 yards of 36s worsted and 120 yards
of 12s Lea Linen yarn, what is the weight of the bunch of yarn ?

Length of 20s cotton yarn = 60 yards
Length of 36s worsted yarn = 144 yards
Length of 12s Lea Linen yarn = 120 yards
Weight of the bunch of yarns = ?
Weight of 20 yarn = x
60 7000
= x
840 20
= 25.0 grains

Weight of 36 worsted yarn = x
560 Count in worsted
system
144 7000
= x
560 36
= 50.0 grains

Weight of 12 Lea Linen yarn = x
300 Count in Linen
system
120 7000
= x
300 12
= 233.33 grains
Total weight = 25.0 + 50.0 + 233.33
= 308.33 grains
Total weight of bunch of yarns = 308.33 grains
********
37
QUESTIONS FROM PEREVIOUS YEAR ANNUAL & SUPPLEMENTARY EXAMINATIONS
OBJECTIVE TYPE QUESTIONS:
1. Length and weight unit of the worsted system is:

a) Hank of 650 yards & 1 lb. b) Hand of 560 yards and 1 lb
c) Hank of 360 yards and 1 lb. - Nov., 2009
2. One bundle of 2/17 NF cotton yarn weighs:

a) 4.54 kgs. b) 10 kgs. c) 5 kgs. - Nov., 2009
3. One bundle of 20S cotton yarn weighing 10 pounds contains ______________ number of
hanks (fill in the blanks). - Apr., 2010
4. The conversion factor for converting Worsted count into English cotton count is 1.5 (say
‘yes’ or ‘no’) - Apr., 2010
5. 1 lb is equivalent to
a) 453.09 grams b) 453.56 grams c) 453.65 grams - Apr., 2010
6. The equivalent count of 100S English cotton is in the spun silk system is
a) 100S b) 50S c) 200S - Apr., 2010
7. a) Derive the conversion factor for converting the New English Cotton count to Worsted
System. If the count of the cotton yarn is 40S, calculate the count in Worsted system.
b) Calculate the weight in grams of a bunch of cotton tarn having one hank of 10S, one
hank of 20S and one hank of 40S.
c) Write the formula for calculating count, length and weight in Denier Metric System.
d) If 1350 metres of silk yarn weigh 75 grams, what is the count of the yarn in Denier
Metric. - Nov., 2009
8. a) A bunch of cotton yarn contains 5 hanks of 20S cotton, 9 hanks of 36S worsted and 12
hanks of 60S spun silk yarn. Find out weight of the bunch yarn in grams.
b) If 2250 metres of silk yarn weigh 5 grams, what is the count in Denier Metric system ?
c) Calculate the weight of 10000 metres of 60 Tex polyester yarn.
d) Convert 20S Ne. cotton into the following systems
i) New French ii) Spun Silk iii) Denier Metric iv) Tex - Apr., 2010
***********
38
Conversion of Weight from One system to Other system:
TABLE
To Pound Ounce Dram Grain Denier Kg. Gram
From
Pound 1.0 16 256 7000 8533.3333 0.45359 453.59
1 256 7000 8533.3333 0.45359 453.59

Ounce 1.0
16 16 16 16 16 16
1 16 7000 8533.3333 0.45359 453.59

Dram 1.0
256 256 256 256 256 256
1 16 256 8533.3333 0.45359 453.59

Grain 1.0
7000 7000 7000 7000 7000 7000
1 16 256 7000 0.45359 453.59

Denier 1.0
8533.3333 8533.3333 8533.3333 8533.3333 8533.3333 8533.3333
1 16 256 7000 8533.3333

Kg. 1.0 1000
0.45359 0.45359 0.45359 0.45359 0.45359
1 16 256 7000 8533.3333 1

Gram 1.0
453.59 453.59 453.59 453.59 453.59 1000
Some useful mathematical formulae:
1. If =
then =
and = ×
2. If = or ∶ ∷ ∶
then = or ∶ ∷ ∶
= or ∶ ∷ ∶
= or × ∷ ×
************
39
COUNT CONVERSION FROM ONE SYSTEM TO ANOTHER SYSTEM UNDER INDIRECT SYSTEM
This converts the count of yarn expressed in a numbering system, of its equivalent count
in another system. The count conversion being made as per basic length and weight units of
both the numbering systems. The system of whose count is known may be referred as ‘Known
System’, and in short as K.S., while the other one is ‘Required System’, and in short as R.S.
The following examples show how the count of a given yarn being converted to another
system. While doing so the following points must be kept in mind.
Length Unit:
a) The length unit of the known system should be in harmony with the length unit of the
required system. If the length unit of the required system is in metre which is otherwise
than the length unit of the known system, say for e.g. as yard, it should be converted into
the relevant length unit i.e. yard to metre as in the required system and vice-versa.
Example:
Known System Required System
I. Yard Length Metre Length

OR
Length in yard × 0.9144 metres
And
II. Metre Length Yard Length
OR
Length in metre × 1.0936 yard
Only the length unit as given in known system should be converted into the length unit
system as given in required system.
Weight unit:
b) The weight unit of the known system should be in harmony, with the weight unit of the
required system. Say for e.g., if the weight unit of the required system is in kgs. or gms.
then the weight unit of the known system, otherwise given as pound weight, should be
converted into the relevant weight unit i.e. kilogramme or gramme unit as in the
required system and vice-versa.
Example:
I. Pound weight Kilogramme weight

OR
Pound weight x 0.45359 kg.
And
II. Kilogramme weight Pound weight
OR
Kilogramme weight × 2.2 pound
Only the weight unit as given in known system should be converted into the weight unit
system as given in required system.
40
Count conversion from New English system to other systems:
1. Count conversion from New English System to New French System:

New English System New French System
Basic Length unit : Hank of 840 yards Hank of 1000 metres
Basic weight unit : 1.0 pound 500 grams
Count of yarn : xs Ne ?
1) The length units as in known and required systems are not in harmony i.e. the length
unit of the required system is in metre unit, while the known system is in yard unit.
Therefore, we have to convert yard into metre unit.
840 yard OR (840 × 0.9144) metres

Since, 1 yard = 0.9144 metres
2) Similarly, the weight units as given are not in harmony i.e. the weight unit of the required
system is in gms., unit while the known system is in pound unit. Therefore, we have to
convert the pound unit to gms. unit.
1 pound OR (1.0 × 453.59) gms.

Since, 1 pound = 453.59 gms.
3) Length of Ne. cotton yarn per pound = (840 × 0.9144 × ) metres
Weight of yarn = 453.59 gms.

4) Count in Nf. system = ×
1000 Weight in gms.
(840 x 0.9144) 500

= × ×
1000 453.59.
= 0.8467 ×
Where, 0.8467 is the conversion factor for converting a Ne. cotton count to Nf.
cotton count.
Length in known Weight in
Conversion factor for converting a system required system
Ne. cotton count to Nf. cotton count = ×
Length in required Weight in
System known System
……..1.00
Conversion Count in
Count in required system = ×
factor known System
..…...1.01
41
Therefore,
Ne. Cotton Count to = 0.8467 × Count in Ne. system
Nf. count
..…...1.02
Example:
Convert 20s Ne. cotton count into Nf. cotton count.
Count in Nf. system = 0.8467 × 20
= 16.934 OR
Say, 17s Nf.
The following are the some of the equivalent counts of Ne. cotton count to Nf.
cotton counts.
Count of yarn in Ne. system Count conversion Count in Nf. system

6s 0.8467 × 6 5.08s
10s 0.8467 × 10 8.47s
20s 0.8467 × 20 17.0s
32s 0.8467 × 32 27.09
40s 0.8467 × 40 33.87
60s 0.8467 × 60 50.80
80s 0.8467 × 80 67.74
100s 0.8467 × 100 84.67
120s 0.8467 × 120 101.60
The equivalent count of 2/20s Ne. count is 2/17s Nf.
2. Count conversion from New French cotton count to New English cotton count:

Nf. cotton count Ne. cotton count
Basic Length unit : Hank of 1000 metres Hank of 840 yards
Basic weight unit : 500 gms. 1.0 pound
Count of yarn : Nf. ?
The basic length and weight units of known system are not in harmony with that of the
required system. Therefore, convert the basic length and weight units of known system as per
the basic length and weight units as given in required system.
Basic Length unit: 1000 metres OR (1000 × 1.0936) yards

Basic Weight unit: 500 grammes OR (500/453.59) pound
Length of Nf
Cotton yarn per = (1000 × 1.0936 × ) yards
500 gms.
42
Weight of yarn = (500/453.59) pound
Length in yards 1
Count in Ne. cotton = ×
(1000 x 1.0936) 1
= × ×
840 (500/453.59)
(1000 x 1.0936) 453.59

= × ×
840 500
= 1.1811 ×
Where 1.1811, which is the reciprocal of 0.8467 is the conversion factor for converting a
Nf. cotton count to Ne. cotton count.
∴ Nf. cotton count to

Ne cotton count = 1.1811 × Nf. cotton count
……...1.03
Example:
Convert 24s Nf. cotton count to Ne. cotton count.
Count in Ne. cotton
system = 1.1811 × 24
= 28.35s
3. Count conversion from New English cotton count to Decimal (for all yarns) system:

Ne. system Decimal (for all
Yarns) system
Basic Length unit : Hank of 840 yards Hank of 1000 yards
Basic weight unit : 1.0 pound 1.0 pound
Count of yarn : Ne. ?
The basic length and weight units of both the systems are in harmony.
∴ Length of Ne.
yarn per pound = (840 × ) yards
Length in yards 1
Count in Decimal system = × ×
840 1
= × ×
1000 1
= 0.84 ×
43
Where 0.84 is the conversion factor for converting a Ne. cotton count to Decimal count.
∴ Count of yarn in
Decimal system = 0.84 × Count in Ne. cotton system
……..1.06
Example:
Convert 40s Ne. cotton count to Decimal System.

Conversion factor × count
Count in Decimal System =
in known system
= 0.84 × 40
= 33.6s
4. Count conversion from Decimal (for all yarns) system to Ne. cotton count:

Decimal count Ne. cotton count
Count of yarn : Decimal ?
Length of x Decimal
Length in yards 1
Count in yarn in Ne. system = × ×
1000 1
= × ×
840 1
= 1.1905 ×
Decimal count to Ne. cotton count.
∴ Decimal count in
Ne. cotton system = 1.1905 × Count in Decimal system
……..1.07
Example:
Convert 60s Decimal count to Ne. cotton count.

Count in Ne. cotton system = 1.1905 × 60
= 71.43s
44
5. Count conversion from New English Cotton to Metric System.

Ne. cotton count Metric count
OR
(840 x 0.9144) metres
Basic weight unit : 1.0 Pound 1000 grammes
(1.0 x 453.59) grammes
The harmony in basic length and weight units of both known and required systems is
maintained in the above assignments.
Length of x Ne.
yarn per pound = (840 x 0.9144 × ) metre
Weight of yarn = 453.59 grammes
Count in metric Length in metres 1000

system = × ×
1000 Weight in
grammes
840 x 0.9144 1000

= × ×
1000 453.59
= 1.6934 ×
Where, 1.6934 is the conversion factor for converting a Ne. cotton count to metric count.
∴ Ne. cotton count

in metric system = 1.6934 × Count in Ne. cotton system
……..1.08
Example:
Convert 60s Ne. cotton count to Metric System.
Conversion factor × count
Count in Metric System =
in known system
= 1.6934 × 60
= 101.60s
45
6. Count conversion from Metric count to Ne. cotton count:

Metric count Ne. cotton count
OR
(1000 x 1.0936) yards
Basic weight unit : 1000 grammes 1.0 pound
(1000/453.59) pounds
Count of yarn : metric ?
Harmony in basic length and weight units of both known and required systems being
maintained.
Length of Metric
yarn per kg. = (1000 × 1.0936 × ) yards
Weight of yarn = (1000/453.59) pounds
Ne. cotton count in Length in yards 1000

Metric system = × ×
840 Weight in
pounds
(1000 x 1.0936) 1
= × ×
840 (1000/453.59)
(1000 x 1.0936) 453.59

= × ×
840 1000
= 0.5905 ×
metric count to Ne. cotton count.
∴ Metric count
in Ne. cotton count = 0.5905 × Metric count
………1.09
Example:
Convert 100s Metric count to Ne. cotton count.
Metric count in
Ne. cotton system = 0.5905 × Metric count
= 0.5905 × 100
= 59.05s
46
7. Count conversion from Ne. cotton count to Spun Silk/Spun Rayon systems and vice-versa:
The basic length and weight units of Spun Silk and Spun Rayon yarns are one and the
same as similar to that of Ne. cotton yarn ; the conversion factor, in the above case,
becomes as 1.0, which is as follows:
Conversion factor
⎫
for converting a Ne. ⎪ 840 1
cotton count to = × = 1.0
Spun Silk/Spun Rayon ⎬ 840 1
⎪
systems and vice versa⎭
Ne. count in Spun Silk

system = 1.0 × Ne. cotton count
………1.10
Similarly,
Ne. count in Spun Rayon
system = 1.0 × Ne. cotton count
………1.11
∴ Ne. cotton count = Spun Silk count
= Spun Rayon count
8. Conversion of count from Ne. cotton count to Worsted system.

Ne. cotton count Worsted count
Length of Ne.
cotton yarn per pound = (840 × ) yards
Count of yarn in Length in yards 1

Worsted system = × ×
560 Weight in
pounds
840 1
= × ×
560 1
= 1.5 ×
Where, 1.5 is the conversion factor for converting a Ne. cotton count to Worsted system.
47
∴ Cotton count
in Worsted system = 1.5 × Ne. cotton count
……..1.12
Example:
Convert 60s Ne. cotton count to worsted count.
Ne. Cotton count
in Worsted system = 1.5 × Ne. cotton count
= 1.5 × 60
= 90s
9. Conversion of count from worsted system to New English cotton system.

Worsted count Ne. Cotton count
Count of yarn : Worsted ?
Length of Worsted
Count of yarn in Ne. Length in yards 1

Cotton system = × ×
840 Weight in
pounds
560 1
= × ×
840 1
= 0.6667 ×
Where, 0.6667 which is the reciprocal of 1.5, is the conversion factor for converting a
worsted count to Ne. cotton count.
∴ Worsted count in
Ne. cotton system = 0.6667 × Worsted count
……..1.13
Example:
Convert 40s Worsted count to Ne. cotton count.
Ne. Cotton count
in Worsted system = 0.6667 × Worsted count
= 0.6667 × 40
= 26.67s
48
10. Conversion of count from Ne. cotton system to Linen system.

Ne. cotton count Linen system
Basic Length unit : Hank of 840 yards 300 yards
Length of Ne.
Count of Yarn in Linen Length in yards 1

(wet spun)/ Hemp. = × ×
300 Weight in
(Fine) system
pounds
840 1
∴ Cotton count = × ×
300 1
= 2.8 ×
Where, 2.8 is the conversion factor for converting a Ne. cotton count to Linen system.
∴ Ne. cotton count in

= 2.8 × Ne. cotton count
Linen system
………1.14
Example:
Convert 32s Ne. cotton to Linen system.
Ne. Cotton count
in Linen system = 2.8 × Ne. cotton count
= 2.8 × 32
= 89.6s
11. Conversion of Linen system to New English Cotton system:

Linen system New English Cotton
Basic Length unit : Lea of 300 yards Hank of 840 yards
Count of yarn : count ?
Length of Linen
49

Ne. cotton system = × ×
840 Weight in
pounds
300 1
= × ×
840 1
= 0.3571 ×
Where, 0.3571, which is the reciprocal of 2.8, is the conversion factor for converting
Linen count to Ne. cotton count.
∴ Line count in
= 0.3571 × Linen count
Ne. cotton system
……...1.15
Example:
Convert 50s Linen count to Ne. cotton count.
Linen count
Ne. cotton system = 0.3571 × Linen count
= 0.3571 × 50
= 17.86s
12. Conversion of count from New English System to Woollen York Shire Skein System.

New English Woollen York Shire
Cotton count Skein count
Basic Length unit : Hank of 840 yards Skein of 1536 yards
Length of Ne.
Count of yarn in Length in yards 6.0

Woollen Yorkshire Skein = × ×
1536 Weight in
pounds
840 6
= × ×
1536 1
= 3.2813 ×
Where, 3.2813 is the conversion factor for converting a Ne. cotton count to Woollen York
Shire Skein System.
50
∴ New English count

in Woollen York Shire = 3.2813 × Ne. cotton count
Skein System
……...1.16
Example:
Convert 6s Ne. cotton count to Woollen York Shire Skein System.
New English cotton
count in Woollen York = 3.2813 × Ne. cotton count
Shire Skein System
= 3.2813 × 6
= 19.69s
13. Conversion of count from Woollen Yorkshire Skein System to New English Cotton System.

Woollen York Shire New English
Skein count Cotton count
Basic Length unit : Skein of 1536 yards Hank of 840 yards
Basic weight unit : 6.0 pounds 1.0 pound
Count of yarn : Woollen Y.S.S. ?
Length of Woollen
York Shire Skein yarn = (1536 × ) yards
per 6.0 pounds
Weight of yarn = 6.0 pounds

New English cotton count = × ×
840 Weight in
pounds
1536 1
= × ×
840 6
= 0.3048 ×
Woollen Yorkshire Skein Count to New English Cotton Count.
∴ Woollen York Shire

Skein Count in New Woollen Yorkshire
= 0.3048 ×
English Cotton Count Skein Count
……...1.17
Example:
Convert 60s Woollen York Shire Skein Count to New English Cotton Count.
Woollen York Shire Skein Woollen Yorkshire
= 0.3048 ×
count in Ne. Cotton System Skein Count
= 0.3048 × 60
= 18.29s
51
14. Conversion of count from Ne. cotton system to Asbestos (British) System.

New English Asbestos
Cotton count (British) count
Length of Ne. cotton

= (840 × ) yards
yarn per pound

Asbestos British System = × ×
50 Weight in
pounds
840 1
= × ×
50 1
= 16.8 ×
Where, 16.8 is the conversion factor for converting a Ne. cotton count to Asbestos British
System.
∴ Ne. cotton count in

Asbestos British System
……..1.18
Example:
Convert 2s Ne. cotton count to Asbestos British System.
Count in Asbestos
British System
= 16.8 × 2
= 33.6s
15. Conversion of count from Asbestos (British) System to New English Cotton System.

Asbestos New English
(British) count Cotton count
Count of yarn : Asbestos British ?
Length of Asbestos
= (50 × ) yards
British yarn per pound
52
Count of yarn in Ne. Length in yards 1

Cotton System = × ×
840 Weight in
pounds
50 1
= × ×
840 1
= 0.05952 ×
Where, 0.05952, which is the reciprocal of 16.8, is the conversion factor for converting a
Asbestos (British) count to New English cotton system.
∴ Asbestos (British) count

= 0.05952 × Asbestos (British) count
in Ne. cotton system
……..1.19
Example:
Convert 40s Asbestos (British) count to Ne. cotton count.
Count of yarn in
Ne. cotton system
= 0.05952 × 40
= 2.38s
Count conversion from Nf. system to other systems:

16. Conversion of count from Nf. cotton system to Decimal (for all yarns) system:

New French Cotton Decimal count
count
OR
(1000 x 1.0936) yards
Basic weight unit : 0.5 Kg. 1.0 pound
OR
(0.5 / 0.45359) pounds
Length of Nf.
= (1000 × 1.0936 × ) yards
yarn per 0.5 Kg.
Weight of yarn = (0.5 / 0.45359) pound

Decimal System = × ×
1000 Weight in
pounds
(1000 × 1.0936) 1
= × ×
1000 (0.5/0.45359)
53
(1000 × 1.0936) 0.45359

= × ×
1000 0.5
= 0.9921 ×
Where, 0.9921, is the conversion factor for converting a Nf. cotton count to Decimal
System.
∴ Nf. cotton count in

= 0.9921 × New French cotton count
Decimal System
……..1.22
Example:
Convert 17s Nf. cotton count to Decimal count.
Count in
Decimal system
= 0.9921 × 17
= 16.87s
17. Conversion of Decimal count to Nf. cotton system.

Decimal count New French Cotton
count
OR
(1000 × 0.9144) metres
Basic weight unit : 1.0 pound 0.5 Kg.
OR
(1 × 0.45359) Kg.
Length of Decimal
= (1000 × 0.9144 × ) metres
yarn per pound
Weight of yarn = (1 × 0.4359) Kg.
Count of yarn in Length in metres 0.5

Nf. cotton system = × ×
1000 Weight in
Kgs.
(1000 × 0.9144) 0.5

= × ×
1000 0.45359
= 1.0080 ×
a Decimal count to Nf. cotton count.
54
= 1.0080 × Count in Decimal system
New French System
……..1.23
Example:
Convert 20s Decimal count to Nf. cotton count.
Count in Nf.
= 1.0080 × Count in Decimal system
cotton system
= 1.0080 × 20
= 20.16s
18. Conversion of count from Nf. cotton system to Metric system:

New French Metric count
cotton count
Basic Length unit : Hank of 1000 metres Hank of 1000 metres
Basic weight unit : 0.5 Kg. 1.0 Kg.
Length of Nf.
= (1000 × ) metres
cotton yarn per 0.5 Kg.
Weight of yarn = 0.5 Kg.
Count of yarn in Length in metres 1

metric system = × ×
1000 Weight in
Kg.
1000 1
= × ×
1000 0.5
= 2 ×
Where, 2.0 is the conversion factor for converting a Nf. cotton count to Metric count.
∴ Nf. cotton count

in metric system
……..1.24
Example:
Convert 30s Nf. cotton count to metric count.
Count in
Metric system
= 2.0 × 30
= 60s
55
19. Conversion of Metric count to Nf. system:

Metric count Nf. count
Basic Length unit : Hank of 1000 metres Hank of 1000 metres
Basic weight unit : 1.0 Kg. 0.5 Kg.
Length of Nf.
= (1000 × ) metres
cotton yarn per Kg.

Nf. system = × ×
1000 Weight in
Kg.
1000 0.5
= × ×
1000 1
= 0.5 ×
Where, 0.5, which is the reciprocal of 2.0, is the conversion factor for converting a Metric
count to Nf. cotton system.
∴ Metric count in
= 0.5 × Metric count
Nf. cotton system
……..1.25
Example:
Convert 30s Metric count to Nf. cotton system.
Count in Nf.
cotton system
= 0.5 × 30
= 15s
20. Conversion of New French cotton count to Spun Silk / Spun Rayon system:

New French Spun Silk / Spun
cotton count Rayon system
56
Basic Length unit: 1000 metres OR (1000 × 1.0936) yards

Basic weight unit: 500 grammes OR (500/453.59) pound
Length of Nf.
cotton yarn per = (1000 × 1.0936 × ) yards
500 gms.
Length in yards 1
Count in Spun Silk/Spun Rayon System = × ×
840 Weight in
pounds
(1000 × 1.0936) 1
= × ×
840 (500/453.59)
(1000 × 1.0936) 453.59

= × ×
840 500
= 1.1811 ×
Where, 1.1811 is the conversion factor for converting a Nf. cotton count to Spun Silk /
Spun Rayon system.
∴ Nf cotton count to Spun

= 1.1811 × Nf. cotton count
Silk/Spun Rayon count
……..1.03
Example:
Convert 24s Nf. cotton count to Spun Silk/Spun Rayon count.
Count in Spun Silk/
Spun Rayon system
= 1.1811 × 24
= 28.35s Ne.
21. Conversion of Spun Silk / Spun Rayon system to Nf. system:

Spun Silk / Spun New French
Rayon system cotton count
Basic weight unit : 1.0 pound 500 gms.
Count of yarn : Spun Silk/Spun Rayon ?
57
Basic Length unit: 840 yards OR (840 × 0.9144) metre

Since, 1 yard = 0.9144 metre
Basic weight unit: 1 pound OR (1 × 453.59) gms.
Length of Spun Silk/

Spun Rayon yarn = (840 × 0.9144 × ) metres
per pound
Weight of yarn = (1 × 453.59) gms.

Count in Nf. system = × ×
1000 Weight in
gms.
(840 × 0.9144) 500

= × ×
1000 (1 × 453.59)
(840 × 0.9144) 500

= × ×
1000 453.59
= 0.8467 ×
Where 0.8467, which is the reciprocal of 1.1811, is the conversion factor for converting a
Spun Silk / Spun Rayon count to Nf. cotton count.
∴ Spun Silk / Spun Rayon

= 0.8467 × Spun Silk/Spun Rayon count
count in Nf. cotton count
……..1.04
Example:
Convert 24s Spun Silk count to Nf. cotton count.
Count in Nf.
= 0.8467 × Spun Silk/Spun Rayon count
cotton system
= 0.8467 × 24
= 20.32s Nf.
22. Conversion of Nf. count to worsted count:

Nf. cotton count Worsted count
OR
(1000 × 1.0936) yards
OR
(0.5/0.45359) pound
58
Length of Nf.
= (1000 × 1.0936 × ) yards
yarn per 0.5 Kg.

560 Weight in
pounds
(1000 × 1.0936) 1
= × ×
560 (0.5/0.45359)
(1000 × 1.0936) 0.45359

= × ×
560 0.5
= 1.7716 ×
Where, 1.7716, is the conversion factor for converting a Nf. cotton count to
worsted system.
∴ Nf. cotton count to

Worsted system
……..1.26
Example:
Convert 30s Nf. cotton count to Worsted system.
Nf. cotton count in
Worsted system
= 1.7716 × 30
= 53.15s
23. Conversion of Worsted count to Nf. cotton count:

Worsted count Nf. cotton count
OR
(560 × 0.9144) metres
OR
(1 × 0.45359) Kg.
Length of Worsted
= (560 × 0.9144 × ) metres
yarn per pound

Nf. cotton system = × ×
1000 Weight in
Kg.
59
(560 × 0.9144) 0.5

= × ×
1000 0.45359
= 0.5645 ×
worsted yarn count to Nf. cotton system.
= 0.5645 × Count in Worsted system
Nf. cotton system
……..1.27
Example:
Convert 40s Worsted count to Nf. cotton system.
Count in Nf. cotton
= 0.5645 × Count in Worsted system
system
= 0.5645 × 40
= 22.58s
24. Conversion of Nf. cotton count to Linen system:

Nf. cotton count Linen system
OR
(1000 × 1.0936) yards
OR
(0.5/0.45359) pound
Length of Nf.
= (1000 × 1.0936 × ) yards
yarn per 0.5 Kg.
Weight of yarn = (0.5/0.45359) pound

Linen system = × ×
300 Weight in
pounds
(1000 × 1.0936) 1
= × ×
300 (0.5/0.45359)
(1000 × 1.0936) 0.45359

= × ×
300 0.5
60
= 3.3070 ×
Where 3.3070, is the conversion factor for converting a Nf. cotton count to Linen system.
∴ Nf cotton count in
Linen system
……..1.28
Example:
Convert 32s Nf. cotton count to Linen system.
Count of yarn in
Linen system
= 3.3070 × 32
= 105.82s
25. Conversion of Linen count to Nf. cotton count:

Linen count Nf. cotton count
OR
(300 × 0.9144) metres
OR
(1 × 0.45359) Kg.
Count of yarn : Linen ?
Length of Linen
= (300 × 0.9144 × ) metres
yarn per pound

Nf. system = × ×
1000 Weight in
Kg.
(300 × 0.9144) 0.5

= × ×
1000 0.45359
= 0.3024 ×
Linen count to Nf. cotton count.
∴ Linen count in
Nf. system
……..1.29
61
Example:
Convert 40s Linen count to Nf. cotton count.
Count in Nf. cotton
system
= 0.3024 × 40
= 12.96s Nf.
26. Conversion of Nf. cotton count to Woollen York Shire Skein System:

Nf. cotton count Woollen York Shire
Skein System
Basic Length unit : Hank of 1000 metres Skein of 1536 yards
OR
(1000 × 1.0936) yards
Basic weight unit : 0.5 Kg. 6.0 pounds
OR
(0.5/0.45359) pound
Length of Nf.
= (1000 × 1.0936 × ) yards
yarn per 0.5 Kg.
Count of yarn in Woollen Length in yards 6.0

Y. S. S. system = × ×
1536 Weight in
pounds
(1000 × 1.0936) 6
= × ×
1536 (0.5/0.45359)
(1000 × 1.0936) 6 × 0.45359

= × ×
1536 0.5
= 3.8754 ×
Where 3.8754, is the conversion factor for converting a Nf. cotton count to Woollen York
Shire Skein System.

WoollenYork Shire = 3.8754 × Nf. cotton count
Skein System
……..1.30
62
Example:
Convert 17s Nf. cotton count to Woollen York Shire Skein System.
Count in Woollen York
Shire Skein System
= 3.8754 × 17
= 65.88s
27. Conversion of Woollen York Shire Skein Count to Nf. cotton count:

Woollen York Shire Nf. cotton count
Skein System
Basic Length unit : Skein of 1536 yards Hank of 1000 metres
OR
(1536 × 0.9144) metres
Basic weight unit : 6.0 pounds 0.5 Kg.
OR
(6 × 0.45359) Kg.
Length of Woollen
York Shire Skein Yarn = (1536 × 0.9144 × ) metres
per 6.0 pound
Weight of yarn = (6.0 × 0.45359) Kg.
Nf. system = × ×
1000 Weight in
Kg.
(1536 × 0.9144) 0.5

= × ×
1000 (6 × 0.45359)
= 0.25804 ×
Where 0.25804, which is the reciprocal of 3.8754, is the conversion factor for converting
a Woollen York Shire Skein count to Nf. cotton count.

Skein count in Nf. = 0.25804 × Count in Woollen Y. S. S.
cotton count
……..1.31
Example:
Convert 16s Woollen York Shire Skein count to Nf. cotton count.
Count of yarn in Nf.
= 0.25804 × Count in Woollen Y. S. S.
cotton count
= 0.25804 × 16
= 4.13s Nf.
63
28. Conversion of Nf. cotton count to Asbestos (British) System:

Nf. cotton count Asbestos (British)
System
OR
(1000 × 1.0936) yards
OR
(0.5/0.45359) pound
Length of Nf. cotton

= (1000 × 1.0936 × ) yards
yarn per 0.5 Kg.
Count of yarn in
Length in yards 1
Asbestos (British) = × ×
50 Weight in
System
pounds
(1000 × 1.0936) 0.45359

= × ×
50 0.5
= 19.8418 ×
Where 19.8418, is the conversion factor for converting a Nf. cotton count to Asbestos
(British) System.

Asbestos (British) = 19.8418 × Nf. cotton count
System
……..1.32
Example:
Convert 2s Nf. cotton count to Asbestos (British) System.
Count of yarn in
Asbestos (British) = 19.8418 × Nf. cotton count
System
= 19.8418 × 2
= 39.68s Nf.
64
29. Conversion of Asbestos (British) count to Nf. cotton system:

Asbestos (British) Nf. cotton count
count
OR
(50 × 0.9144) metres
OR
(1 × 0.45359) Kg.
Count of yarn : Asbestos (British) ?
Length of Asbestos
= (50 × 0.9144 × ) yards
(British) yarn per pound

= × ×
Nf. cotton system 1000 Weight in
Kg.
(50 × 0.9144) 0.5

= × ×
1000 0.45359
= 0.0504 ×
a Asbestos (British) count to Nf. cotton count.
Asbestos (British) count

in Nf. cotton count
……..1.33
Example:
Convert 40s Asbestos (British) count to Nf. cotton count.
Count of yarn in
Nf. cotton system
= 0.0504 × 40
= 2s
65
Count conversion from Decimal to other systems:

30. Conversion factor for converting a Decimal count to Metric system:
Decimal count Metric count
OR
(1000 × 0.9144) metres
OR
(1 × 0.45359) Kg.
Length of Decimal
= (1000 × 0.9144 × ) yards
yarn per pound
= × ×
Metric system 1000 Weight in
Kg.
(1000 × 0.9144) 1
= × ×
1000 0.45359
= 2.01592 ×
Where 2.01592, is the conversion factor for converting a Decimal count to Metric system.
∴ Decimal count
= 2.01592 × Decimal count
in Metric system
……..1.36
Example:
Convert 20s Decimal count to Metric system.
Count of yarn in
Metric system
= 2.01592 × 20
= 40.32s
31. Conversion factor for converting a Metric count to Decimal system:
Metric count Decimal count
OR
(1000 × 1.0936) yards
OR
(1/0.45359) pound
Count of yarn : Metric ?
66
Length of Metric
= (1000 × 1.0936 × ) yards
yarn per Kg.
= × ×
Decimal system 1000 Weight in
pounds
(1000 × 1.0936) 1
= × ×
1000 (1/0.45359)
(1000 × 1.0936) 0.45359

= × ×
1000 1
= 0.49605 ×
Where 0.49605, which is the reciprocal of 2.01592, is the conversion factor for
converting a Metric count to Decimal system.
∴ Metric count in
Decimal system
……..1.37
Example:
Convert 32s Metric count to Decimal system.
Count of yarn in
Decimal system
= 0.49605 × 32
= 15.87s
32. Conversion factor for converting a Decimal count to Worsted system:

Decimal count Worsted count
Length of Decimal
= (1000 × ) yards
yarn per pound
= × ×
Worsted system 560 Weight in
pounds
67
1000 1
= × ×
560 1
= 1.7857 ×
Where 1.7857, is the conversion factor for converting a Decimal count to

Worsted system.
∴ Count in Worsted
system
……..1.38
Example:
Convert 60s Decimal count to Worsted system.
Count of yarn in
Worsted system
= 1.7857 × 60
= 107.14s
33. Conversion factor for converting a Worsted count to Decimal system:

Worsted count Decimal count
Length of Worsted
= (560 × ) yards
yarn per pound

= × ×
pounds
560 1
= × ×
1000 1
= 0.56 ×
Worsted count to Decimal system.
∴ Count in Decimal
= 0.56 × Worsted count
system
……..1.39
68
Example:
Convert 40s Worsted count to Decimal system.
Count of yarn in
Decimal system
= 0.56 × 40
= 22.4s
34. Conversion factor for converting a Decimal count to Linen system:

Decimal count Linen count
Basic Length unit : Hank of 1000 yards Lea of 300 yards
Length of Decimal
= (1000 × ) yards
yarn per pound

= × ×
Linen system 300 Weight in
pounds
1000 1
= × ×
300 1
= 3.3333 ×
Where 3.3333, is the conversion factor for converting a Decimal count to Linen system.
∴ Decimal yarn count in

Linen system
……..1.40
Example:
Convert 12s Decimal count to Linen system.
Count of yarn in
Linen system
= 3.3333 × 12
= 40s
69
35. Conversion factor for converting a Linen count to Decimal system:

Linen count Decimal count
Length of Decimal
= (300 × ) yards
yarn per pound
= × ×
pounds
300 1
= × ×
1000 1
= 0.3 ×
Linen count to Decimal system.
Decimal system
……..1.41
Example:
Convert 50s Linen count to Decimal system.
Count of yarn in
Decimal system
= 0.3 × 50
= 15s
36. Conversion factor for converting a Decimal count to Woollen Yorkshire Skein system:

Decimal count Woollen York Shire
Skein count
Basic weight unit : 1.0 pound 6.0 pounds
Length of Decimal
= (1000 × ) yards
yarn per pound
70

Woollen York Shire = × ×
1536 Weight in
Skein system
pounds
1000 6
= × ×
1536 1
= 3.9063 ×
Where 3.9063, is the conversion factor for converting a Decimal count to Woollen York
Shire Skein system.
Woollen York Shire = 3.9063 × Decimal count
Skein system
……..1.42
Example:
Convert 6s Decimal count to Woollen York Shire Skein system.
Count of yarn in
Woollen York Shire = 3.9063 × Decimal count
Skein system
= 3.9063 × 6
= 23.44s
37. Conversion factor for converting Woollen York Shire Skein count to Decimal system:

Woollen York Shire Decimal count
Skein count
Count of yarn : Woollen Y.S.S system ?
Length of Woollen
per 6.0 pounds
= × ×
pounds
1536 1
= × ×
1000 6
71
= 0.256 ×
Woollen York Shire Skein count to Decimal system.

Skein count in Decimal = 0.256 × Woollen Y. S. S. count
system
……..1.43
Example:
Convert 20s Woollen York Shire Skein count to Decimal system.
Count of yarn in
= 0.256 × Woollen Y. S. S. count
Decimal system
= 0.256 × 20
= 5.12s
38. Conversion factor for converting a Decimal count to Asbestos (British) system:

Decimal count Asbestos (British)
count
Length of Decimal
= (1000 × ) yards
yarn per pound
50 Weight in
system
pounds
1000 1
= × ×
50 1
= 20 ×
Where 20, is the conversion factor for converting a Decimal count to Asbestos
(British) system.
Asbestos (British) = 20 × Decimal count
system
……..1.44
72
Example:
Convert 2s Decimal count to Asbestos (British) system.
Count of yarn in
Asbestos (British) = 20 × Decimal count
system
= 20 × 2
= 40s
39. Conversion factor for converting a Asbestos (British) count to Decimal system:

Asbestos (British) Decimal count
count
Length of Asbestos
= (50 × ) yards
= × ×
pounds
50 1
= × ×
1000 1
= 0.05 ×
Where 0.05, which is the reciprocal of 20, is the conversion factor for converting a
Asbestos (British) count to Decimal system.
∴ Asbestos (British)
count in Decimal = 0.05 × Asbestos (British) count
system
……..1.45
Example:
Convert 80s Asbestos (British) count Decimal system.
Count of yarn in
Decimal system
= 0.05 × 80
= 4s
73
Count conversion from Metric to other systems:
40. Conversion factor for converting a Metric count to Spun Silk / Spun Rayon system:

Metric count Spun Silk / Spun
Rayon count
OR
(1000 x 1.0936) yards
Basic weight unit : 1000 grammes 1.0 pound
OR
(1000/453.59) pounds
Length of Metric
yarn per kg. = (1000 × 1.0936 × ) yards
Weight of yarn = (1000/453.59) pounds
Count of yarn in Spun Silk/ Length in yards 1

Spun Rayon system = × ×
840 Weight in
pounds
(1000 x 1.0936) 1
= × ×
840 (1000/453.59)
(1000 x 1.0936) 453.59

= × ×
840 1000
= 0.5905 ×
Metric count to Spun Silk / Spun Rayon count.
∴ Metric count in Spun

Silk/Spun Rayon system = 0.5905 × Metric count
………1.09
Example:
Convert 100s Metric count to Spun Rayon count.
Metric count in Spun
Rayon system = 0.5905 × Metric count
= 0.5905 × 100
= 59.05s
74
41. Conversion of Spun Silk / Spun Rayon count to Metric system:

Spun Silk / Spun Metric count
Rayon count
OR
(840 x 0.9144) metres
OR
(1 × 0.45359) Kg.
Count of yarn : Spun Silk / Spun Rayon ?
Length of Spun
Silk / Spun Rayon = (840 × 0.9144 × ) metres
yarn per pound

1000 Weight in
Kg.
(840 × 0.9144) 1
= × ×
1000 (1 × 0.45359)
= 1.6935 ×
Spun Silk / Spun Rayon count to Metric system.
∴ Spun Silk/Spun Rayon

count in Metric system = 1.6935 × Spun Silk/Spun Rayon count
………1.10
Example:
Convert 100s Spun Silk / Spun Rayon count to Metric system.
Spun Silk/Spun Rayon
count in Metric system = 1.6935 × Spun Silk/Spun Rayon count
= 1.6935 × 100
= 169.35s
75
42. Conversion factor for converting a Metric count to Worsted system:

Metric count Worsted count
OR
(1000 × 1.0936) yards
OR
(1/0.45359) pound
Length of Metric
= (1000 × 1.0936 × ) yards
yarn per Kg.
560 Weight in
pounds
(1000 × 1.0936) 0.45359
= × ×
560 1.0
= 0.8858 ×
Where 0.8858, is the conversion factor for converting a Metric count to Worsted system.
∴ Metric count in
Worsted system = 0.8858 × Metric count
………1.48
Example:
Convert 20s Metric count to Worsted system.
Count of yarn in
Worsted system = 0.8858 × Metric count
= 0.8858 × 20
= 17.72s
43. Conversion factor for converting a Worsted count to Metric system:
Worsted count Metric count
OR
(560 × 0.9144) metres
OR
(1 × 0.45359) Kg.
76
Length of Worsted
= (560 × 0.9144 × ) metres
yarn per pound
1000 Weight in
Kg.
(560 × 0.9144) 1
= × ×
1000 0.45359
= 1.1289 ×
Worsted count to Metric system.
Metric system = 1.1289 × Worsted count
………1.49
Example:
Convert 17s Worsted count to Metric system.
Count of yarn in
Metric system = 1.1289 × Worsted count
= 1.1289 × 17
= 19.19s
44. Conversion of Metric count to Linen system:

Metric count Linen system
Basic Length unit : Hank of 1000 metres Lea of 300 yards
OR
(1000 × 1.0936) yards
OR
(1.0/0.45359) pound
Length of Metric
= (1000 × 1.0936 × ) yards
yarn per Kg.

300 Weight in
pounds
77
(1000 × 1.0936) 0.45359

= × ×
300 1.0
= 1.6535 ×
Where 1.6535, is the conversion factor for converting a Metric count to Linen system.
Linen system = 1.6535 × Metric count
………1.50
Example:
Convert 12s Metric count to Linen system.
Count of yarn in
Linen system = 1.6535 × Metric count
= 1.6535 × 12
= 19.84s
45. Conversion factor for converting a Linen count to Metric count:

Linen count Metric count
Basic Length unit : Lea of 300 yards Hank of 1000 metres
OR
(300 × 0.9144) metres
OR
(1 × 0.45359) Kg.
Count of yarn : Count ?
Length of Count
= (300 × 0.9144 × ) metres
yarn per pound

1000 Weight in
Kg.
(300 × 0.9144) 1
= × ×
1000 0.45359
= 0.6048 ×
Linen count to Metric system.
78
Metric system = 0.6048 × Linen count
………1.51
Example:
Convert 40s Linen count to Metric system.
Count of yarn in
Metric system = 0.6048 × Linen count
= 0.6048 × 40
= 24.19s
46. Conversion factor for converting a Metric count to Woollen York Shire Skein system:

Metric count Woollen York Shire
Skein count
Basic Length unit : Hank of 1000 metres Skein of 1536 yards
OR
(1000 × 1.0936) yards
Basic weight unit : 1.0 Kg. 6.0 pounds
OR
(1.0/0.45359) pound
Length of Metric
= (1000 × 1.0936 × ) yards
yarn per Kg.

1536 Weight in
Skein system
pounds
(1000 × 1.0936) (6 × 0.45359)

= × ×
1536 1
= 1.9377 ×
Where 1.9377, is the conversion factor for converting a Metric count to Woollen York
Shire Skein system.
∴ Metric count in
Woollen York Shire = 1.9377 × Metric count
Skein system
………1.52
79
Example:
Convert 20s Metric count to Woollen York Shire Skein system.
Count of yarn in
Woollen York Shire = 1.9377 × Metric count
Skein system
= 1.9377 × 20
= 38.75s
47. Conversion of Woollen York Shire Skein count to Metric system:
Woollen York Shire Metric count
Skein count
Basic Length unit : Skein of 1536 yards Hank of 1000 metres
OR
(1536 × 0.9144) metres
Basic weight unit : 6.0 pounds 1.0 Kg.
OR
(6.0 × 0.45359) Kg.
Count of yarn : Woollen Y.S.S. system ?
Length of Woollen
York Shire Skein yarn = (1536 × 0.9144 × ) metres
per 6.0 pounds
Weight of yarn = (6.0 × 0.45359) Kg.
= × ×
Kg
(1536 × 0.9144) 1
= × ×
1000 (6 × 0.45359)
= 0.5161 ×
Woollen York Shire Skein count to Metric count.
∴ Woollen York
Shire Skein count = 0.5161 × Woollen Y. S. S. count
in Metric system
………1.53
Example:
Convert 30s Woollen York Shire Skein count to Metric system.
Count of yarn in
Woollen York Shire = 0.5161 × Woollen Y. S. S. count
Skein system
= 0.5161 × 30
= 15.48s
80
48. Conversion factor for converting a Metric count to Asbestos (British) system:

Metric count Asbestos (British)
count
OR
(1000 × 1.0936) yards
OR
(1000/453.59) pound
Length of Metric
= (1000 × 1.0936 × ) yards
yarn per Kg.

50 Weight in
system
pounds
(1000 × 1.0936) 1
= × ×
50 (1000/453.59)
(1000 × 1.0936) 453.59

= × ×
50 1000
= 9.9209 ×
Where 9.9209, is the conversion factor for converting a Metric count to Asbestos
(British) system.
∴ Metric count in
Asbestos (British) = 9.9209 × Metric count
system
………1.54
Example:
Convert 2s Metric count to Asbestos (British) system.
Count of yarn in
Asbestos (British) = 9.9209 × Metric count
system
= 9.9209 × 2
= 19.84s
81
49. Conversion factor for converting a Asbestos (British) count to Metric system:

Asbestos (British) Metric count
count
OR
(50 × 0.9144) metres
Basic weight unit : 1.0 pound 1000 gms.
OR
(1 × 453.59) gms.
Length of Asbestos
= (50 × 0.9144 × ) metres

1000 Weight in
gms.
(50 × 0.9144) 1000

= × ×
1000 453.59
= 0.10 ×
Asbestos (British) count to Metric system.
count in Metric = 0.10 × Asbestos (British) count
system
………1.55
Example:
Convert 30s Asbestos (British) count to Metric system.
Count of yarn in
Metric system
= 0.10 × 30
= 3s
82
Conversion factor for converting Spun Silk / Spun Rayon count to other systems:
50. Conversion factor for converting Spun Silk / Spun Rayon count to Worsted system:

Spun Silk/Spun Worsted count
Rayon count
Length of Spun
Silk/Spun Rayon yarn = (840 × ) yards
per pound

560 Weight in
pounds
840 1
= × ×
560 1
= 1.5 ×
Where, 1.5 is the conversion factor for converting a Spun Silk / Spun Rayon count to
Worsted system.

count in Worsted system = 1.5 × Spun SIlk/Spun Rayon count
……..1.12
Example:
Convert 60s Spun Silk / Spun Rayon count to worsted count.
Spun Silk / Spun Rayon
count in Worsted system = 1.5 × Spun Silk/Spun Rayon count
= 1.5 × 60
= 90s
51. Conversion of count from worsted system to Spun Silk/Spun Rayon system:

Worsted count Spun Silk/Spun Rayon
count
83
Length of Worsted

Spun Silk /Spun = × ×
840 Weight in
Rayon system
pounds
560 1
= × ×
840 1
= 0.6667 ×
worsted count to Spun Silk / Spun Rayon system.
∴ Worsted count in Spun

Silk/Spun Rayon system = 0.6667 × Worsted count
……..1.13
Example:
Convert 40s Worsted count to Spun Silk / Spun Rayon system.
Worsted count in
Spun Silk / Spun = 0.6667 × Worsted count
Rayon system
= 0.6667 × 40
= 26.67s
52. Conversion of count from Spun Silk / Spun Rayon count to Linen system.

Spun Silk/Spun Linen system
Rayon count
Length of Ne.
Count of Yarn in Linen Length in yards 1

= × ×
system 300 Weight in
pounds
840 1
= × ×
300 1
84
= 2.8 ×
Linen system.

= 2.8 × Spun Silk / Spun Rayon count
count in Linen system
………1.14
Example:
Convert 32s Spun Silk / Spun Rayon to Linen system.
Spun Silk / Spun
Rayon count in = 2.8 × Spun Silk / Spun Rayon count
Linen system
= 2.8 × 32
= 89.6s
53. Conversion of Linen system to Spun Silk / Spun Rayon system:

Linen system Spun Silk / Spun
Rayon system
Length of Linen
Count of yarn in
Length in yards 1
Spun Silk/Spun = × ×
840 Weight in
Rayon system
pounds
300 1
= × ×
840 1
= 0.3571 ×
Linen count to Spun Silk / Spun Rayon count.
∴ Line count in Spun Silk/

Spun Rayon system
……...1.15
Example:
Convert 50s Linen count to Spun Silk / Spun Rayon count.
85
Linen count Spun Silk/

Spun Rayon system = 0.3571 × Linen count
= 0.3571 × 50
= 17.86s
54. Conversion of count from Spun Silk / Spun Rayon count to Woollen York Shire Skein
System.

Spun Silk / Spun Woollen York Shire
Rayon count Skein count
Length of Ne.
Count of yarn in Length in yards 6.0

Woollen Yorkshire Skein = × ×
1536 Weight in
pounds
840 6
= × ×
1536 1
= 3.2813 ×
Woollen York Shire Skein System.

count in Woollen York = 3.2813 × Spun Silk/Spun Rayon count
Shire Skein System
……...1.16
Example:
Convert 6s Spun Silk / Spun Rayon count to Woollen York Shire Skein System.
Spun Silk/Spun Rayon

count in Woollen York = 3.2813 × Spun Silk/Spun Rayon count
Shire Skein System
= 3.2813 × 6
= 19.69s
86
55. Conversion of count from Woollen Yorkshire Skein count to Spun Silk / Spun Rayon
System.

Woollen York Shire Spun Silk/Spun
Skein count Rayon count
Length of Woollen
per 6.0 pounds
Count of yarn in Spun Length in yards 1

Silk/Spun Rayon system = × ×
840 Weight in
pounds
1536 1
= × ×
840 6
= 0.3048 ×
Woollen Yorkshire Skein Count to Spun Silk / Spun Rayon system.
∴ Woollen York Shire Skein

count in Spun Silk / Spun Woollen Yorkshire
= 0.3048 ×
Rayon system Skein Count
……...1.17
Example:
Convert 60s Woollen York Shire Skein Count to Spun Silk / Spun Rayon system.
Woollen York Shire Skein
count in Spun Silk / Spun Woollen Yorkshire
= 0.3048 ×
Rayon system Skein Count
= 0.3048 × 60
= 18.29s
56. Conversion of count from Spun Silk / Spun Rayon count to Asbestos (British) System.

Spun Silk / Spun Asbestos
Rayon count (British) count
87

Spun Rayon yarn per = (840 × ) yards
pound

Asbestos British System = × ×
50 Weight in
pounds
840 1
= × ×
50 1
= 16.8 ×
Asbestos British System.

count in Asbestos British = 16.8 × Spun Silk/Spun Rayon count
system
……..1.18
Example:
Convert 2s Spun Silk / Spun Rayon count to Asbestos British System.
Count in Asbestos
British System
= 16.8 × 2
= 33.6s
57. Conversion of count from Asbestos (British) count to Spun Silk/Spun Rayon System.

Asbestos Spun Silk/Spun
(British) count Rayon count
Count of yarn : Asbestos British ?
Length of Asbestos
= (50 × ) yards
British yarn per pound
Count of yarn in Spun Length in yards 1
Silk/Spun Rayon system = × ×
840 Weight in
pounds
50 1
= × ×
840 1
= 0.05952 ×
88
Where, 0.05952, which is the reciprocal of 16.8, is the conversion factor for converting a
Asbestos (British) count to Spun Silk / Spun Rayon system.

in Spun Silk / Spun Rayon = 0.05952 × Asbestos (British) count
system
……..1.19
Example:
Convert 40s Asbestos (British) count to Spun Silk / Spun Rayon system.
Count of yarn in Spun Silk/
Spun Rayon system
= 0.05952 × 40
= 2.38s
Since, New English cotton count = Spun Silk count = Spun Rayon count
Count conversion from Worsted system to other systems
58. Conversion factor for converting a Worsted count to Linen system:

Worsted count Linen count
Length of Worsted
= (560 × ) yards
yarn per pound

300 Weight in
pounds
560 1
= × ×
300 1
= 1.8667 ×
Where, 1.8667, is the conversion factor for converting a Worsted count to Linen system:
Worsted count in
Linen system
……...1.58
Example:
Convert 20s Worsted count to Linen system.
89
Count of yarn in
Linen system
= 1.8667 × 20
= 37.33s
59. Conversion factor for converting a Linen count to Worsted system:

Linen count Worsted count
Length of Linen
= (300 × ) yards
yarn per pound
560 Weight in
pounds
300 1
= × ×
560 1
= 0.5357 ×
Linen count to Worsted system.
Linen count in
Worsted system
……...1.59
Example:
Convert 60s Linen count to Worsted system.
Count of yarn in
Worsted system
= 0.5357 × 60
= 32.14s
60. Conversion factor for converting a Worsted count to Woollen Yorkshire Skein system:
Worsted count Woollen Yorkshire
Skein count
90
Length of Worsted
= (560 × ) yards
yarn per pound
Count of yarn in Woollen Length in yards 6

York Shire Skein system = × ×
1536 Weight in
pounds
560 6
= × ×
1536 1
= 2.1875 ×
Where 2.1875, which is the conversion factor for converting a Worsted count to Woollen
Yorkshire Skein system.
Woollen York Shire = 2.1875 × Worsted count
Skein system
……...1.60
Example:
Convert 30s Worsted count to Woollen York Shire Skein system.
Count of yarn in
Skein system
= 2.1875 × 30
= 65.63s
61. Conversion factor for converting a Woollen York Shire Skein count to Worsted system:

Woollen Yorkshire Worsted count
Skein count
Count of yarn : Woollen Y.S.S. count ?
Length of Woollen
per 6.0 pounds

560 Weight in
pounds
91
1536 1
= × ×
560 6
= 0.4571 ×
Woollen York Shire Skein count to Worsted system.

Skein count in Worsted Woollen York Shire
= 0.4571 ×
system Skein count
……...1.61
Example:
Convert 22s Woollen York Shire Skein count to Worsted system.
Count of yarn in Woollen York Shire
= 0.4571 ×
Worsted system Skein count
= 0.4571 × 22
= 10.06s
62. Conversion factor for converting a Worsted count to Asbestos (British) system:

Worsted count Asbestos (British)
count
Length of Worsted
= (560 × ) yards
yarn per pound
Count of yarn in Asbestos Length in yards 1

(British) system = × ×
50 Weight in
pounds
560 1
= × ×
50 1
= 11.2 ×
Where 11.2, which is the conversion factor for converting a Worsted count to Asbestos
(British) system.
∴ Worsted count in Asbestos

(British) system = 11.2 × Worsted count
……...1.62
92
Example:
Convert 2s Worsted count to Asbestos (British) system.
Count of yarn in
Skein system
= 11.2 × 2
= 22.4s
63. Conversion factor for converting a Asbestos (British) count to Worsted system:

Asbestos (British) Worsted count
count
Length of Asbestos
= (50 × ) yards

560 Weight in
pounds
50 1
= × ×
560 1
= 0.08929 ×
Asbestos (British) count to Worsted system.

in Worsted system
……...1.63
Example:
Convert 12s Asbestos (British) count to Worsted system.
Count of yarn in
Worsted system
= 0.08929 × 12
= 1.07s
93
64. Conversion factor for converting a Linen count to Woollen York Shire Skein system:

Linen count Woollen York Shire
Skein count
Length of Linen
= (300 × ) yards
yarn per pound

1536 Weight in
Skein system
pounds
300 6
= × ×
1536 1
= 1.1719 ×
Where 1.1719, is the conversion factor for converting a Linen count to Woollen York
Shire Skein system.
∴ Linen count in Woollen

York Shire Skein system
……...1.66
Example:
Convert 16s Linen count to Woollen York Shire Skein.
Count of yarn in
Woollen York Shire = 1.1719 × Linen count
Skein system
= 1.1719 × 16
= 18.75s
65. Conversion factor for converting a Woollen York Shire Skein count to Line system:

Woollen York Shire Linen count
Skein count
Basic Length unit : Skein of 1536 yards Lea of 300 yards
94
Length of Woollen
per 6.0 pound

= × ×
pounds
1536 1
= × ×
300 6
= 0.8533 ×
Woollen York Shire Skein count to Linen system.
∴ Woollen York Shire Skein Woollen York Shire

= 0.8533 ×
Linen system Skein count
……...1.67
Example:
Convert 42s Woollen York Shire Skein count to Linen system.
Count of yarn in Woollen York Shire
= 0.8533 ×
Linen system Skein count
= 0.8533 × 42
= 35.84s
66. Conversion factor for converting a Linen count to Asbestos (British) system:

Linen count Asbestos (British)
count
Length of Linen
= (300 × ) yards
yarn per pound
50 Weight in
system
pounds
95
300 1
= × ×
50 1
= 6.0 ×
Where 6.0, is the conversion factor for converting a Linen count to Asbestos
(British) system.
∴ Count of yarn in Asbestos

(British) system
……...1.68
Example:
Convert 6s Linen count to Asbestos (British) system.
Count of yarn in
Asbestos (British) = 6.0 × Linen count
system
= 6.0 × 6
= 36s
67. Conversion factor for converting a Asbestos (British) count to Linen system:

Asbestos (British) Linen count
count
Length of Asbestos
= (50 × ) yards

= × ×
pounds
50 1
= × ×
300 1
= 0.1667 ×
Woollen York Shire Skein count to Linen system.
count in Linen system
……...1.69
96
Example:
Convert 22s Asbestos (British) count to Linen system.
Count of yarn in
Linen system
= 0.1667 × 22
= 3.67s
68. Conversion factor for converting a Woollen York Shire Skein count to Asbestos
(British) system:

Woollen York Shire Asbestos (British)
Skein count count
Length of Woollen
Yorkshire Skein yarn = (1536 × ) yards
per 6.0 pounds
Count of yarn in Asbestos Length in yards 1

= × ×
(British) system 50 Weight in
pounds
1536 1
= × ×
50 6
= 5.12 ×
Where 5.12, is the conversion factor for converting a Woollen York Shire Skein count to
Asbestos (British) system.

Woollen York Shire
Skein count in Asbestos = 5.12 ×
(British)system Skein count
……...1.72
Example:
Convert 6s Woollen York Shire Skein count to Asbestos (British) system.
Count of yarn in Asbestos Woollen York Shire
= 5.12 ×
(British) system Skein count
= 5.12 × 6
= 30.72s
97
69. Conversion factor for converting a Asbestos (British) count to Woollen York Shire
Skein system:

Asbestos (British) Woollen York Shire
count Skein count
Length of Asbestos
= (50 × ) yards
Count of yarn in Woollen Length in yards 6

= × ×
York Shire Skein system 1536 Weight in
pounds
50 6
= × ×
1536 1
= 0.1953 ×
Asbestos (British) count to Woollen York Shire Skein system.
∴ Count of yarn in Woollen

= 0.9153 × Asbestos (British)count
……...1.72
Example:
Convert 32s Asbestos (British) count to Woollen York Shire Skein system.
Count of yarn in Woollen
= 0.9153 × Asbestos (British)count
= 0.9153 × 32
= 6.25s
***********
98
Table showing various conversion factors for converting

a count to other systems, under Indirect system
TABLE
Required New English New French Decimal (for Metric Worsted Linen Woollen Asbestos
System cotton/Spun cotton all yarns) York Shire (British)
Known Silk/Spun Skein
System Rayon
New English
Cotton/Spun Silk/ 1.0 0.8467 0.8400 1.6934 1.5 2.8 3.2813 16.8
Spun Rayon
New French cotton 1.1811 1.0 0.9921 2.0 1.7716 3.3070 3.8754 19.8418
Decimal
(for all yarns) 1.1905 1.0080 1.0 2.01592 1.7857 3.3333 3.9063 20.0
Metric 0.5905 0.5 0.49605 1.0 0.8858 1.6535 1.9377 4.9605
Worsted 0.6667 0.5645 0.560 1.1289 1.0 1.8667 2.1875 11.20
Linen 0.3571 0.3024 0.30 0.6048 0.5358 1.0 1.1719 6.0

Woollen York
Shire Skein 0.3048 0.25804 0.2516 0.5161 0.4571 0.8533 1.0 5.12
Asbestos British 0.05952 0.0504 0.05 0.10 0.08929 0.1667 1.1953 1.0
How to use the table ?
The table is drawn of Vertical and Horizontal columns. The Vertical column denotes
‘count in known system’, while the Horizontal columns as ‘count in required system’. The square
made by crossing a vertical column with that of Horizontal column, indicates the conversion
factor for converting a known count to the required count. Having noted the conversion factor,
we can ascertain the count in the required system by using the under mentioned formula:
Count in required Count in known

= Conversion factor ×
system system
Say, for e.g.: If you want convert a 40s Worsted count to Ne-cotton system, then proceed as
indicate below:
a) Ascertain the relevant, conversion factor i.e. Worsted count to New English count, the
number in the square crossed by 5th Horizontal column with first Vertical column
indicates the conversion factor i.e. 0.6667.
Then, count in Ne.

b) = 0.6667 × 40
system
= 26.67s
In the similar way, we can calculate a known count to the required system under
Indirect system, using the above table.
99
DIRECT SYSTEM OF NUMBERING YARNS
In this system the count of yarns is based on the number of weight units in a length unit.
Thus, the size or thickness of the yarn is directly proportional to the count number. A coarser
yarn will have a higher count number, while finer yarns have a smaller count number. The
counts of almost all filament yarns are expressed in this system.
By Illustration:
Weight Unit Total Weight Units Length Unit Diameter of Yarn

or
Count of Yarn
1.0+0.0 1 Unit 1 Unit
Finer
1.0+1.0 2 Units 1 Unit
Thickness of
its own style
1.0+1.0+1.0+1.0+ 10 Units 1 Unit
1.0+1.0+1.0+1.0+ Coarser
1.0+1.0
Variable Weight Unit Fixed Length Unit Size of Diameter of Yarn
From the above illustrations it is observed that the count number is directly
proportional to the thickness or diameter of yarn i.e. higher the count number coarser is the
yarn and smaller the count number finer is the yarn.
In the table given below is given the basic length and weight units used in important
Direct Systems:
TABLE
Name of the system Basic Weight Unit Basic Length Unit

−
1. ( / 1.0 Denier Hank of 520 yards
)
–
⎫
( /
2. 0.05 gms. 450 metres
, ,) ⎬
. ⎭
3. Dram 1.0 Dram Hank of 1000 yards
4. ( ( − ), 1.0 lb. Spyndle of 14,400 yards

, . .)
5. Woollen – USA Grain 1.0 grain 20 yards
6. Woollen – Aberdeen 1.0 lb 14,400 yards
Definition:
Count is the number of Weight Units per Length Unit.
100
Calculations:
Length in appropriate Weight in appropriate Weight Unit

=
unit Length in appropriate Length Unit
……D.01
By cross multiplication of the above formula, we get that,
Weight in appropriate Weight in appropriate Weight Unit

=
unit Count in appropriate system
……D.02
Also,
Length in Count in
Weight in appropriate unit = appropriate × appropriate
Length unit system
……D.03
The count of yarns are expressed as Denier – English, Denier – Metric or Denier, Dram
etc. as indicate below:
a) 150 Denier – Metric b) 100 Denier – English

c) 200 Dram d) 6.0 Pounds per Spyndle etc.
a) 150 Denier – Metric means that the count being expressed in Denier Metric system i.e.
150 weight units each of 0.05 gms. in 450 metres of yarn.
The expression mere as ‘Denier’ is under-stood that it is Denier – Metric system like 150
Denier, 250 Deniers etc.
b) 100 Denier – English means that the count being expressed in Denier – English system
i.e. 100 Denier in 520 yards of yarn.
c) 200 Dram means that the count being expressed in Dram system i.e. 200 Drams in 1000
yards of yarn.
d) 6.0 pounds per Spyndle means that the count being expressed in pound per Spyndle
system i.e. 6.0 pounds in 14,400 yards of yarn (14,400 yards = 1.0 spyndle)
It may be noted from the above expressions that the use of letter ‘S’ at the right top of the
count number, as in practice in the case of Indirect count numbers, has been dispensed
with in Direct system of numbering yarns.
1) Denier – English System:
Basic weight unit = 1.0 denier

Basic length unit = Hank of 520 yards
Definition:
Count is the number of deniers per 520 yards
101
Calculations:
Count = Number of deniers per 520 yards
Weight in deniers/1.0
=
Length in yards/520
Weight in deniers 520

= ×
1.0 Length in yards
……1
By cross multiplication of the above formulae, we get that,

Length in yards = ×
1.0 Count in Denier
English system
……2
Also,
Length in yards Count in Denier
Weight in deniers = × × 1.0
520 English system
OR
Length in yards Count in Denier
= ×
520 English system
……3
Examples:
Calculate the count of 260 yards of Rayon yarn, which weighs 50 deniers.
Weight of yarn = 50 deniers
Count in Denier
= ?
English system
Count of yarn = ×
1 Length in yards
50 520
= ×
1 260
= 100 Denier – English
2) Denier – Metric System:
Basic weight unit = 0.05 gms.

Basic length unit = 450 metres
Definition:
Count is the number of Weight units each of 0.05 gms. in 450 metres
102
Calculations:
Number of Weight units each of
Count =
0.05 gms. in 450 metres
Weight in gms./0.05
=
Length inmetres/450
Weight in gms. 450

= ×
0.05 Length in metres
……1
Weight in gms. 450

Length in metres = ×
0.05 Count in Denier
Metric system
……2
Also,
Length in metres Count in
Weight in gms. = × × 0.05
450 Denier (Metric)
……3
Examples:
1. If 1350 metres of Silk yarn weighs 7.5 gms., what is the count of the yarn in Metric Denier
system ?

Length of yarn = 1350 gms.
Count of yarn = ?
Count of yarn in Metric Weight in gms. 450
= ×
Denier system 0.05 Length in metres
7.5 450
= ×
0.05 1350
= 50
2. Calculate the length of 80 grammes of 150 Denier Silk yarn.

Count of yarn = 150 Denier
Length of yarn = ?
Weight in gms. 450
Length in yarn = ×
0.05 Count in Denier
system
103
80 450
= ×
0.05 150
= 4800 metres OR
4800/1000
= 4 Kms. 800 metres
Since, 1000 metres = 1.0 km.
3. Calculate the weight of 2500 metres of Acetate Rayon yarn whose count is 75 Denier.

Count of yarn = 75 Denier
Weight of yarn = ?
Weight of yarn = × × 0.05
450 Denier system
2500
= × 75 × 0.05
450
= 20.833 gms.
4. What is the weight of 270 metres of Nylon yarn, whose count is 200 Metric Denier ?

Count of yarn = 200 Metric Denier
Weight of yarn = ?
Weight of yarn = × × 0.05
450 Metric Denier
270
= × 200 × 0.05
450
= 6.0 gms.
3) Dram System:
Basic weight unit = 1.0 dram

Basic length unit = Hank of 1000 yards
Definition:
Count is the number of drams in 1000 yards
104
Calculations:
Count = Number of drams in 1000 yards
Weight in drams/1.0
=
Length in yards/1000
Weight in drams 1000

= ×
1.0 Length in yards
……1

1.0 Count in
Dram system
……2
Also,
Length in yards Count in
Weight of yarn in drams = × × 1.0
1000 Dram system
OR
= ×
1000 Dram system
……3
Examples:
1. Find the length of 4 ounce 11 drams of thrown silk yarn, whose count is 150 drams.

Weight of yarn = 4 ounce 11 drams OR
[ 4 × 16 ] + 11
Since, 1 ounce = 16 drams
= 75 drams
Count of yarn = 150 drams
Length of yarn = ?
Length of yarn = ×
1.0 Count in
dram system
75 1000
= ×
1.0 150
= 500 yards
2. What is the total length of the yarn in a package containing 3.0 pounds of silk yarn, if its
count is 50 drams ?

105
OR
3 × 256 = 768 drams
Since, 1.0 pound = 256 drams
Count of yarn = 50 drams
Length of yarn = ?
Weight in drams 1
Length of yarn = ×
1 Count of yarn in
dram system
256 1
= ×
1 50
= 5.12 Hanks OR
1.12 × 1000 = 5120 yards
4) Pounds per Spyndle system:

Basic length unit = Spyndle of 14,400 yards
Definition:
Count is the number of pounds per Spyndle (which is 14,400 yards)
Calculations:
Count = Number of pounds per spyndle

(which is 14,400 yards)
Weight in pounds/1
Count =
Weight in pounds 14400

= ×
1.0 Length in yards
……1
By cross multiplication of the above formulae, we get that,
Weight in
pounds 14400
1.0 Count in pounds
per Spyndle system
……2
Also,
Length in
yards Count in pounds
Weight of yarn in pounds = × × 1.0
14400 per spyndle system
OR
Length in yards Count in pounds
= ×
14400 per spyndle system
……3
106
Examples:
1. If 7200 yards of jute yarn weighs 3.0 pounds, what is the count of the yarn ?

Count of yarn = ?
Count of yarn = ×
1 Length in yards
3.0 14400
= ×
1 7200
= 6.0 pounds per spyndle
2. What length of flax yarn will be in a skein, which weighs 8 ounces, if the count of the yarn
is 16 pounds per Spyndle ?

Weight of yarn = 8 ounces OR
(8/16) pound
Since, 1.0 pound = 16 ounce
Count of yarn = 16 pounds per Spyndle
Length of yarn = ?
Weight in
pounds 14400
Length of yarn = ×
1.0 Count in pounds
per spyndle system
(8/16) 14400
= ×
1.0 16
= 450 yards
5) Woollen – USA grain system:
Basic weight unit = 1.0 grain

Basic length unit = 20 yards
Definition:
Count is the number of grains in 20 yards
Calculations:
Weight in grains/1.0
Count =
Length in yards/20
107
Weight in grains 20
= ×
1.0 Length in yards
……1
Weight in
grains 20
1.0 Count in Woollen
− USA grain system
……2
Also,
Length in
yards Count in Woollen
Weight in grains = × × 1.0
20 − USA grain system
OR
Length in
yards Count in Woollen
= ×
20 − USA grain system
……3
Examples:
1. If 30 yards of Woollen yarn weighs 60 grains, what is its count in Woollen – USA
grain system ?

Count of yarn = ?
Weight in grains 20
Count of yarn = ×
1.0 Length in yards
60 20
= ×
1 30
= 40 Woollen – USA grain
2. The weight of 120 yards of cotton yarn in 25 grains, what is its count ?

Count of yarn = ?
Weight in grains 20
Count of yarn = ×
1.0 Length in yards
108
25 20
= ×
1 120
= 4.17 Woollen – USA grain
6) Woollen – Aberdeen (pounds per Spyndle) system:
This is similar to that of pounds per Spyndle system i.e. the basic weight and length units
are one and the same. The calculations are also similar to that of pounds per Spyndle
system as at Sl. No. 4.
Example:
If the count of a Woollen yarn in Aberdeen system is 16, how many yards will be there in
0.5 pound of it ?

Count of yarn = 16 Woollen - Aberdeen
Length of yarn = ?
Length of yarn = ×
1 Count in Woollen
− Aberdeen system
0.5 14400
= ×
1 16
= 450 yards
************
109
Count conversion from one system to another system in Direct system:
The count conversion being done as per the basic weight and length units of the
respective systems. Before converting the count to the required system, it must be ensured that
the basic weight and length units of the known system must in harmony with the weight and
length units of required system. This has been shown in the following examples.
To convert a known count to the required system, calculate the total weight of the yarn
per length unit of the known count. Having noted down the total weight per length unit of the
known count yarn, ascertain the count of yarn in the required system by using the basic count
formula of the required system, as has been indicated in the following numbering systems.
1) Conversion factor for converting a Denier – English count to Denier Metric system:

Denier English Denier - Metric
Basic weight unit : 1.0 denier 0.05 gms.
OR
(453.59/8533.3333) gms.
Since, 1 pound = 453.59 gms
= 8533.3333
deniers
Basic length unit : Hank of 520 yards 450 metres
OR
(520 × 0.9144) metres
Harmony in the basic weight and length units of the known system being maintained as
per the required system length and weight units.
Count of yarn : Denier – English ?
Weight of Denier − 453.59

= × gms.
English yarn per 520 yards 8533.3333
Length of yarn = ( 520 × 0.9144) metres
∴ Count of yarn in Weight in grams 450

= × ×
Denier Metric system 0.05 Length in
metres
(453.59/8533.3333) 450
= × × × 0.9144
0.05 520
453.59 450
= ×
(8533.3333 × 0.05) (520 × 0.9144)
= 1.0061 ×
110
Where, 1.0061 is the conversion factor for converting a Denier – English count to Denier
Metric system.
∴ Denier − English count

= 1.0016 × Count in Denier English system
in Denier Metric system
From the above example we may derive the formula for calculating the conversion factor
for converting a known count to the required system, as indicated below:
Weight in Length in
Conversion factor for
Known system Required system
converting a known count = ×
Weight in Length in
to the required system
Required system Known system
Count in Required Conversion Count in

= ×
system factor Known system
Example:
Convert 100 Denier – English count to Denier Metric system.
Count in Denier −
= 1.0016 × 100
Metric system
= 100
2) Conversion factor for converting a Denier – Metric count to Denier English system:

Denier English Denier - Metric
Basic weight unit : 0.05 gm 1.0 denier
OR
8533.3333
× 0.05 denier
453.59
Basic length unit : 450 metres Hank of 520 yards
OR
(450 × 1.0936) yards
Count of yarn : Denier – Metric ?
Weight of Denier − Metric 8533.3333

= × 0.05 × denier
yarn per 450 metres 453.59
Length of yarn = (450 × 1.0936) yards
∴ Count of yarn in Weight in denier 520
= × ×
Denier English system 1.0 Length in
yards
(8533.3333 × 0.05) 520

= × ×
453.59 (450 × 1.0936)
= 0.9939 ×
111
a Denier Metric count to Denier English system.
∴ Denier − Metric count

= 0.9939 × Denier Metric count
in Denier English system
……..2.02
Example:
Convert 150 Denier – Metric count to Denier English system.
Count in yarn in Denier −

= 0.9939 × 150
English system
= 149.09
3) Conversion factor for converting a Denier English count to Dram system:

Denier English Dram
Basic weight unit : 1.0 denier 1.0 dram
OR
(256/8533.3333) dram
Since, 1 pound = 256 drams
Basic length unit : Hank of 520 yards Hank of 1000 yards
Count of yarn : Denier English ?
Weight of Denier English 256

= × dram
yarn per 520 yards 8533.3333
∴ Count of yarn in Weight in dram 1000

= × ×
Dram system 1.0 Length in
yards
256 1000
= × ×
8533.3333 520
= 0.05769 ×
Where 0.05769, is the conversion factor for converting a Denier English count to
Dram system.
∴ Denier English count

= 0.05769 × Denier English count
in Dram system
……..2.03
112
Example:
Convert 200 Denier English count to Dram system
Count of yarn in
Dram system
= 0.05769 × 200
= 11.54
4) Conversion factor for converting a Dram count to Denier English system:

Dram count Denier - English
Basic weight unit : 1.0 dram 1.0 denier
OR
8533.3333
denier
256
Basic length unit : 1000 yards Hank of 520 yards
Count of yarn : Dram ?
Weight of Dram 8533.3333

= × denier
yarn per 1000 yards 256
∴ Count of yarn in Weight in denier 520

= × ×
Denier English system 1.0 Length in
yards
8533.3333 520
= × ×
256 1000
= 17.3333 ×
converting a Dram count to Denier English system.
∴ Dram count in Denier

= 17.3333 × Dram count
English system
……..2.04
Example:
Convert 10 Dram count to Denier English system.
Count of yarn in
Dram system
113
= 17.3333 × 10
= 173.33
5) Conversion factor for converting a Denier English count to Pounds per spyndle system:

Denier English Pounds per
spyndle
Basic weight unit : 1.0 denier 1.0 pound
OR
1
pound
8533.3333
Basic length unit : Hank of 520 yards Spyndle of 14,400 yards


= × pound
∴ Count of yarn in Pounds Weight in pounds 14400

= × ×
per spyndle system 1.0 Length in
yards
1 14400
= × ×
8533.3333 520
= 0.003245 ×
Where 0.00325, is the conversion factor for converting a Denier English count to Pounds
per Spyndle system.
∴ Denier English count in

Pounds per spyndle system
……..2.05
Example:
Convert 325 Denier English count to Pounds per Spyndle system.
Count of yarn in Pounds
per spyndle system
= 0.00325 × 325
= 1.05
114
6) Conversion factor for converting a Pounds per Spyndle count to Denier English system:
Pounds per Denier English
spyndle
Basic weight unit : 1.0 pound 1.0 denier
OR
( 1 × 8533.3333) denier
Basic length unit : Spyndle of 14,400 yards Hank of 520 yards
Count of yarn : Pounds per spyndle ?
Weight of Pounds
per spyndle yarn = (8533.3333 × ) denier
per 14,400 yards
Length of yarn = 14,400 yards
∴ Count of yarn in Denier Weight in deniers 520
= × ×
English system 1.0 Length in
yards
8533.3333 520
= × ×
1 14400
= 308.1481 ×
converting a Pounds per spyndle count to Denier English system.
∴ Pounds per spyndle count

= 308.1481 × Pounds per spyndle count
……..2.06
Example:
Convert 1.0 Pounds per spyndle count to Denier English system.
Count of yarn in Denier
= 308.1481 × Pounds per spyndle count
English system
= 308.1481 × 1.0
= 308.15
7) Conversion factor for converting a Denier English count to Woollen USA grain system:
Denier English Woollen USA
grain
Basic weight unit : 1.0 denier 1.0 grain
OR
7000
grain
8533.3333
Since, 1 pound = 7000 grains
Basic length unit : Hank of 520 yards 20 yards
115
Weight of Denier
7000
English yarn per = × grains
8533.3333
520 yards

∴ Count of yarn in Woollen Weight in grains 20
= × ×
USAgrain system 1.0 Length in
yards
7000 20
= × ×
8533.3333 520
= 0.03155 ×
Woollen USA grain system.

Woollen USAgrain system
……..2.07
Example:
Convert 175 Denier English count to Woollen USA grain system.
USAgrain system
= 0.03155 × 175
= 5.52
8) Conversion factor for converting a Woollen USA grain count to Denier English system:

Woollen USA Denier English
Grain
Basic weight unit : 1.0 grain 1.0 denier
OR
8533.3333
denier
7000
Count of yarn : Woollen USA grain ?
Weight of Woollen
8533.3333
USAgrain yarn per = × denier
7000
20 yards
= × ×
yards
116
8533.3333 520
= × ×
7000 20
= 31.6952 ×
converting a Woollen USA grain count to Denier English system.
∴ Woollen USAgrain count

= 31.6952 × Woollen USAgrain count
……..2.08
Example:
Convert 7.0 Woollen USA grain count to Denier English system.
= 31.6952 × Woollen USAgrain count
English system
= 31.6952 × 7.0
= 221.87
9) Conversion factor for converting a Denier English count to Woollen–Aberdeen

system:
This is similar to that of pounds per spyndle system, as the basic weight and length units
of both the systems are one and the same i.e. 1.0 pound and 14,400 yards respectively.

Denier English Woollen – Aberdeen
Basic weight unit : 1.0 denier 1.0 pound
OR
1
pound
8533.3333
Basic length unit : Hank of 520 yards 14,400 yards


= × pound
∴ Count of yarn in Woollen Weight in pounds 14400

= × ×
−Aberdeen system 1.0 Length in
yards
1 14400
= × ×
8533.3333 520
= 0.003245 ×
117
Woollen Aberdeen system.

Woollen − Aberdeen system
……..2.05
Example:
Convert 325 Denier English count to Woollen Aberdeen system.
−Aberdeen system
= 0.00325 × 325
= 1.05
10) Conversion factor for converting a Woollen Aberdeen count to Denier English system:
Woollen-Aberdeen Denier English
Basic weight unit : 1.0 pound 1.0 denier
OR
( 1 × 8533.3333) denier
Basic length unit : 14,400 yards Hank of 520 yards
Count of yarn : Woollen-Aberdeen ?
Weight of Woollen
− Aberdeen yarn = (8533.3333 × ) denier
per 14,400 yards
= × ×
yards
8533.3333 520
= × ×
1 14400
= 308.1481 ×
converting a Woollen-Aberdeen count to Denier English system.
∴ Woollen − Aberdeen count

= 308.1481 × Woollen − Aberdeen count
……..2.06
Example:
Convert 1.0 Woollen-Aberdeen count to Denier English system.
= 308.1481 × Woollen − Aberdeen count
English system
= 308.1481 × 1.0
= 308.15
118
Count conversion from Denier Metric count to other systems
11) Conversion factor for converting a Denier Metric count to Dram system:
Denier Metric Dram
Basic weight unit : 0.05 gm. 1.0 dram
OR
256
× 0.05 dram
453.59
OR
(450 × 1.0936) yards
Count of yarn : Denier Metric ?
Weight of Denier 256 × 0.05

Metric yarn per 450 = × dram
453.59
metres
∴ Count of yarn in Weight in drams 1000
= × ×
Dram system 1.0 Length in
yards
(256 × 0.05) 1000

= × ×
453.59 (450 × 1.0936)
= 0.05734 ×
Where 0.05734, is the conversion factor for converting a Denier Metric count to
Dram system.
∴ Denier Metric count

in Dram system
……..2.09
Example:
Convert 120 Denier Metric count to Dram system.
Count of yarn in Dram
system
= 0.05734 × 120
= 6.88
12) Conversion for converting a Dram count to Denier Metric system:

Dram Denier Metric
Basic weight unit : 1.0 dram 0.05 gms.
119
OR
453.59
gms.
256
OR
(1000 × 0.9144) metres
Count of yarn : Dram ?
Weight of Dram 453.59

= × gms.
yarn per 1000 yards 256
Length of yarn = (1000 × 0.9144) metres
∴ Count of yarn in Weight in gms. 450
= × ×
metres
453.59 450
= × ×
(0.05 × 256) (1000 × 0.9144)
= 17.4393 ×
converting a Dram count to Denier Metric system.
∴ Dram count in Denier

Metric system
……..2.10
Example:
Convert 2 Dram count to Denier Metric system.
Metric system
= 17.4393 × 2
= 34.88
13) Conversion factor for converting a Denier Metric count to Pounds per spyndle /
Woollen – Aberdeen system:

Denier Metric Pounds per spindle/
Woollen-Aberdeen
Basic weight unit : 0.05 gm. 1.0 pound
OR
0.05
pounds
453.59
Basic length unit : 450 metres 14,400 yards
OR
(450 × 1.0936) yards
120
Weight of Denier 0.05

Metric yarn per 450 = × pound
453.59
metres
∴ Count of yarn in Pounds
per spyndle/ Woollen − = × ×
1.0 Length in
Aberdeen system
yards
0.05 14400
= × ×
453.59 (450 × 1.0936)
= 0.003225 ×
Where 0.00386, is the conversion factor for converting a Denier Metric count to Pounds
per spindle / Woollen – Aberdeen system.
∴ Denier Metric count in

Pounds per spyndle / = 0.003225 × Denier Metric count
……..2.11
Example:
Convert 350 Denier Metric count to Woollen – Aberdeen system.
−Aberdeen system
= 0.003225 × 350
= 1.13
14) Conversion factor for converting a Pounds per Spyndle / Woollen–Aberdeen count to
Denier Metric system:

Pounds per Spyndle/ Denier Metric
Woollen–Aberdeen
Basic weight unit : 1.0 pound 0.05 gm.
OR
( 1.0 × 453.54 ) gms.
Basic length unit : 14,400 yards 450 metres
OR
(14400 × 0.9144) metres
Count of yarn : Pound per spyndle/ ?
Woollen–Aberdeen
Weight of Pound per

spyndle/Woollen − Aberdeen = 453.59 × gms.
yarn per 14,400 yards
121

= × ×
metres
453.59 450
= × ×
0.05 (14400 × 0.9144)
= 310.03253 ×
converting a Pounds per spyndle / Woollen–Aberdeen count to Denier Metric system.
∴ Pounds per spyndle / Pounds per spyndle/

Woollen − Aberdeen count = 310.03253 × Woollen − Aberdeen
in Denier Metric system count
……..2.12
Example:
Convert 0.5 Pound per spyndle count to Denier Metric system.
Count of yarn in Denier Pounds per spyndle/

= 310.03253 × Woollen − Aberdeen
Metric system
count
= 310.03253 × 0.5
= 155.0
15) Conversion factor for converting a Denier Metric count to Woollen USA grain system:

Denier Metric Woollen USA
grain
Basic weight unit : 0.05 gms. 1.0 grain
OR
7000
× 0.05 grain.
453.59
Basic length unit : 450 metres 20 yards
OR
(450 × 1.0936) yards
Weight of Denier Metric 7000

= × 0.05 × grains.

= × ×
USA grain system 1.0 Length in
yards
122
7000 0.05 × 20
= × ×
453.59 450 × 1.0936
= 0.03136 ×
Where 0.03136 is the conversion factor for converting a Denier Metric count to Woollen
USA grain system.
∴ Denier Metric count in

Woollen USA grain system
……..2.13
Example:
Convert 175 Denier Metric count to Woollen USA grain system.
USA grain system
= 0.03136 × 175
= 5.49
16) Conversion factor for converting a Woollen USA grain count to Denier Metric system:

Woollen USA Denier Metric
grain
Basic weight unit : 1.0 grain 1.0 gm.
OR
453.59
gms.
7000
Basic length unit : 20 yards 450 metres
OR
(20 × 0.9144) yards
Weight of Woollen USA 453.59

= × gms.
grain yarn per 20 yards 7000
∴ Count of yarn in Woollen Weight in gms. 450

= × ×
metres
453.59 450
= × ×
(7000 × 0.05) (20 × 0.9144)
= 31.8891 ×
123
converting a Woollen USA grain count to Denier Metric system.
∴ Woollen USA grain count in

= 31.8891 × Woollen USA grain count
Denier Metric system
……..2.14
Example:
Convert 12 Woollen USA grain count to Denier Metric system.
Metric system
= 31.8891 × 12
= 382.67
17) Conversion factor for converting a Dram count to Pounds per spyndle /Woollen –
Aberdeen system:

Dram Pounds per spyndle/
Woollen–Aberdeen
Basic weight unit : 1.0 dram 1.0 pound
OR
(1/256) pound
Basic length unit : Hank of 1000 yards 14,400 yards
Count of yarn : dram ?
Weight of dram yarn per 1

= × pound
1000 yards 256
∴ Count of yarn in Pounds per Weight in pounds 14400
spyndle/Woollen − Aberdeen = × ×
1.0 Length in
system
yards
1 14400
= × ×
256 1000
= 0.05625 ×
Where 0.05625, is the conversion factor for converting a Dram count to Pounds per
spyndle / Woollen – Aberdeen system.
∴ Dram count in Pounds

per spyndle / Woollen − = 0.05625 × Dram count
Aberdeen system
……..2.15
124
Example:
Convert 180 Dram count to Woollen – Aberdeen system.
Count of yarn in Woollen −
Aberdeen system
= 0.05625 × 180
= 10.13
18) Conversion factor for converting a Pounds per spyndle / Woollen – Aberdeen
count to Dram system:

Pounds per spyndle/ Dram
Woollen–Aberdeen
Basic weight unit : 1.0 pound 1.0 dram
OR
(1.0/256) drams
Basic length unit : 14,400 yards Hank of 1000 yards
Count of yarn : Pound per spyndle/ ?
Woollen – Aberdeen
Weight of Pounds per spyndle /

Woollen – Aberdeen yarn per = 256 × dram
14,400 yards
∴ Count of yarn in Weight in drams 1000

= × ×
dram system 1.0 Length in
yards
256 1000
= × ×
1.0 14400
= 17.7778 ×
converting a Pounds per spyndle / Woollen – Aberdeen count to Dram system.
∴ Pounds per spyndle / Pounds per spyndle/

in Dram system count
……..2.16
Example:
Convert 0.8 Pound per spyndle count to Dram system.
Count of yarn in Pounds per spyndle/

Dram system
count
125
= 17.7778 × 0.8
= 14.22
19) Conversion factor for converting a Dram count to Woollen USA grain system:
Dram Woollen USA grain
Basic weight unit : 1.0 dram 1.0 grain
OR
(7000/256) grains
Basic length unit : 1000 yards 20 yards
Count of yarn : dram ?
Weight of Dram yarn 7000
per 1000 yards = × grains
256
∴ Count of yarn in Weight in grains 20
= × ×
yards
7000 20
= × ×
256 1000
= 0.5469 ×
Where 0.5469, which is the conversion factor for converting a Dram count to Woollen
USA grain system.
∴ Dram count in Woollen

USA grain system
……..2.17
Example:
Convert 30 Dram count to Woollen USA grain system.
USA grain system
= 0.5469 × 30
= 16.41
20) Conversion factor for converting a Woollen USA grain count to Dram system:

Woollen USA grain Dram
Basic weight unit : 1.0 grain 1.0 dram
OR
(256/7000) dram
126
Weight of Woollen USA 256

grain per 1000 yards = × dram
1000
∴ Count of yarn in Weight in dram 1000
= × ×
yards
256 1000
= × ×
7000 20
= 1.8286 ×
Woollen USA grain count to Dram system.
∴ Woollen USA grain

count in dram system
……..2.18
Example:
Convert 18 Woollen USA grain count to Dram system.
Count of yarn in
Dram system
= 1.8286 × 18
= 32.92
21) Conversion factor for converting a Pounds per spyndle / Woollen – Aberdeen count to
Woollen USA grain system:

Pounds per spyndle/ Woollen USA grain
Basic weight unit : 1.0 pound 1.0 grain
OR
(1.0 × 7000) grain
Basic length unit : 14,400 yards 20 yards
Count of yarn : Pounds per spyndle / ?
Weight of Pounds per

spyndle / Woollen – Aberdeen = 7000 × grains
yarn per 14,400 yards

= × ×
yards
127
7000 20
= × ×
1.0 14400
= 9.7222 ×
Where 9.7222, is the conversion factor for converting a Pounds per spyndle / Woollen –
Aberdeen count to Woollen USA grain system.
∴ Pounds per spyndle / Pounds per spyndle /

to Woollen USA grain system count
……..2.19
Example:
Convert 0.4 Woollen – Aberdeen count in Woollen USA grain system.
Count of yarn in Woollen Pounds per spyndle /

USA grain system
count
= 9.7222 × 0.4
= 3.89
22) Conversion factor for converting a Woollen USA grain count to Pounds per spindle /
Woollen – Aberdeen system:

Woollen USA grain Pounds per spyndle/
Basic weight unit : 1.0 grain 1.0 pound
OR
(1/7000) pounds
Basic length unit : 20 yards 14,400 yards
Weight of Woollen USA

grain yarn per 1000 yards = 1/7000 × grains

∴ Count of yarn in Pounds
per spyndle / Woollen − = × ×
1.0 Length in
Aberdeen system
yards
1.0 14400
= × ×
7000 20
= 0.1029 ×
128
Woollen USA grain count to Pounds per spindle / Woollen – Aberdeen system.
∴ Woollen USA grain count

in Pounds per spyndle / = 0.1029 × Woollen USA grain count
……..2.20
Example:
Convert 400 Woollen USA grain count to Pounds per spyndle system.
Count of yarn in Pounds
per spyndle system
= 0.1029 × 400
= 41.16
The following table indicates the various conversion factors for converting a known
count to the required count in Direct system.
TABLE
Required Denier Denier Dram Pound per Woollen

System English Metric spyndle / USA grain
Known Woollen –
System Aberdeen
Denier
1.0 1.0016 0.05769 0.003245 0.03155
English
Denier
0.9939 1.0 0.05734 0.003225 0.03136
Metric
Dram 17.3333 17.4393 1.0 0.05625 0.5469
Pound per
spyndle /
308.1481 310.03253 17.7778 1.0 9.7222
Woollen –
Aberdeen
Woollen
31.6952 31.8891 1.8286 0.1029 1.0
USA grain
How to use the table ?
Note down the count of yarn in known system as well as the required system to which
the count to be converted. Then, refer between the relevant Vertical column (Known system)
and Horizontal column (Required system) from whose square, note down the corresponding
conversion factor and using the following formula, calculate the Known count in the
Required system.
129
Count of Required Conversion Count in Known

= ×
system factor system
Example:
Convert 100 Dram count to Woollen USA grain system:
Ascertain the relevant conversion factor from table i.e. 0.5469 (noted from the square,
where Horizontal Dram column meets with vertical Woollen USA grain column).

= 0.5469 × 100
USA grain system
= 54.69
********
COUNT CONVERSION FROM INDIRECT COUNT TO

DENIER METRIC COUNT (DIRECT SYSTEM) AND VICE-VERSA
Convert the basic length and weight units of the known system into the basic length and
weight units respectively of the required system. Calculate the total length of yarn of the known
count of yarn per unit weight. Then ascertain the count of yarn in required system as indicated
in the following example:
1) Conversion factor for converting New English cotton count to Metric Denier system:
(Indirect count to Direct system)
New English cotton Denier Metric
Basic weight unit : 1.0 pound 0.05 gms.
OR
( 1 × 453.59 ) gms.
OR
(840 × 0.9144) metres
Count of yarn : New English ?
Length of New English

= (840 × 0.9144) × metres
cotton yarn per pound
Weight of yarn = ( 1 × 453.59 ) gms.

= ×
metres
453.59 450 1
= × ×
0.05 (840 × 0.9144)
5315
=
Where 5315, is the conversion factor for converting a New English cotton count to
Denier Metric system.
130
From the above example, the conversion factor for converting a Indirect count to Direct
system may be derived as follows:
Weight in Known Length in Required

Conversion factor for system system
converting an Indirect = ×
Weight in Length in
count to Direct count
∴ Count in Required Conversion factor

=
system Count in Known system
In the above example, 5315, is the conversion factor for converting a New English cotton
count to Denier Metric system.
∴ Count in Denier 5315

=
Metric system New English cotton count
Example:
Convert 10s New English cotton count to Denier Metric system.

=
Metric system New English cotton count
5315
=
10
= 531.5
2) Conversion factor for converting Metric Denier count to New English cotton system:
(Direct count to Indirect system)
weight units respectively of the required system. Calculate the total weight of yarn of the known
count per unit length. Then ascertain the count of yarn in required system as indicated in the
following example:
Denier Metric New English cotton
Basic weight unit : 0.05 gms. 1.0 pound
OR
0.05
pound
453.59
OR
(450 × 1.0936) yards
Weight of Denier Metric 0.05

= × pound
131
∴ Count of yarn in Length in yards 1

= ×
New English system 840 Weight in
pounds
(450 × 1.0936) 453.59 1
= × ×
840 0.05
5315
=
Where 5315, is the conversion factor for converting a Denier Metric count to New
English cotton system.
From the above example, the conversion factor for converting a Direct count to Indirect
system may be derived as follows:
Length in Known Weight in Required

Conversion factor for system system
converting an Direct = ×
Length in Weight in
count to Indirect count
∴ Count in Required Conversion factor

=
system Count in Known system
In the above example, 5315, is the conversion factor for converting a Denier Metric count
to New English cotton system.
∴ Count in New English 5315

=
cotton system Denier Metric count
Example:
Convert 53.15 Denier Metric count to New English cotton system.
∴ Count in New English 5315

=
5315
=
53.15
= 100s
3) Conversion factor for converting Nf. cotton count to Denier Metric system:
Nf. cotton Denier Metric
Basic weight unit : 500 gms. 0.05 gms.
Basic length unit : Hank of 1000 metres 450 metres

= (1000 × ) metres
yarn per 500 gms.
132

= ×
metres
500 450 1
= × ×
0.05 1000
4500
=
Where 4500, is the conversion factor for converting a New French cotton count to Denier
Metric system.

=
Metric system Nf. cotton count
Example:
Convert 17s New French cotton count to Denier Metric system.

=
Metric system Nf. cotton count
4500
=
17
= 264.70
4) Conversion factor for converting a Metric Denier count to New French cotton system:

Denier Metric Nf. cotton count
Basic weight unit : 0.05 gms. 500 gms.
Basic length unit : 450 metres Hank of 1000 metres
Weight of Denier Metric

= 0.05 × gms.
yarn per 450 metres
∴ Count of yarn in Length in metres 500
= ×
New French system 1000 Weight in
gms.
450 500 1
= × ×
1000 0.05
4500
=
133
Where 4500, is the conversion factor for converting a Denier Metric count to New French
cotton system.
∴ Count in New French 4500

=
Example:
Convert 53.15 Denier Metric count to New French cotton system.

=
4500
=
53.15
= 84.67s
5) Conversion factor for converting Decimal count to Denier Metric system:

Decimal count Denier Metric
OR
( 1 × 453.59 ) gms.
OR
(1000 × 0.9144) metres
Length of Decimal
= (1000 × 0.9144) × metres
yarn per pound

= ×
metres
453.59 450 1
= × ×
0.05 (1000 × 0.9144)
4464.4414
=
Where 4464.4414, is the conversion factor for converting a Decimal count to Denier
Metric system.
∴ Count in Denier 4464.4414

=
Metric system Decimal count
134
Example:
Convert 12s Decimal count to Denier Metric system.

=
Metric system Decimal count
4464.4414
=
12
= 372
6) Conversion factor for converting Denier Metric count to Decimal system:

Denier Metric Decimal count
OR
0.05
pound
453.59
OR
(450 × 1.0936) yards

= × pound
= ×
pounds
(450 × 1.0936) 453.59 1
= × ×
1000 0.05
4464.4414
=
Decimal system.
∴ Count in Decimal 4464.4414

=
system Denier Metric count
Example:
Convert 15 Denier Metric count to Decimal system.
=
4464.4414
=
15
= 297.63s
135
7) Conversion factor for converting Metric count to Denier Metric system:

Metric count Denier Metric
Basic weight unit : 1000 gms. 0.05 gms.
Length of Metric
= 1000 × metres
yarn per 1000 gms.
= ×
metres
1000 450 1
= × ×
0.05 1000
9000
=
Where 9000, is the conversion factor for converting a Metric count to Denier Metric
system.

=
Metric system Metric count
Example:
Convert 32s Metric count to Denier Metric system.

=
Metric system Metric count
9000
=
32
= 281.25
8) Conversion factor for converting Denier Metric count to Metric system:

Denier Metric Metric count

= 0.05 × gms.
yarn per 450 metres
136

= ×
gms.
450 1000 1
= × ×
1000 0.05
9000
=
Where 9000, is the conversion factor for converting a Denier Metric count to
Metric system.
∴ Count in Metric 9000

=
Example:
Convert 100 Denier Metric count to Metric system.

=
9000
=
100
= 90s
9) Conversion factor for converting Spun Silk / Spun Rayon count to Denier Metric system:

Spun Silk / Spun Denier Metric
Rayon count
OR
( 1 × 453.59 ) gms.
OR
(840 × 0.9144) metres

= (840 × 0.9144) × metres
Spun Rayon yarn per pound

= ×
metres
137
453.59 450 1
= × ×
0.05 (840 × 0.9144)
5315
=
Where 5315, is the conversion factor for converting a Spun Silk / Spun Rayon count to

=
Metric system Spun Silk / Spun Rayon count
Example:
Convert 60s Spun Silk / Spun Rayon count to Denier Metric system.

=
Metric system Spun Silk / Spun Rayon count
5315
=
60
= 88.58
10) Conversion factor for converting Denier Metric count to Spun Silk / Spun Rayon system:

Denier Metric Spun Silk/ Spun
Rayon count
OR
0.05
pound
453.59
OR
(450 × 1.0936) yards

= × pound
∴ Count of yarn in Spun Silk / Length in yards 1
= ×
Spun Rayon system 840 Weight in
pounds
(450 × 1.0936) 453.59 1
= × ×
840 0.05
5315
=
138
Where 5315, is the conversion factor for converting a Denier Metric count to Spun Silk /
Spun Rayon system.
∴ Count in Spun Silk / 5315

=
Spun Rayon system Denier Metric count
Example:
Convert 32 Denier Metric count to Spun Silk / Spun Rayon system.
∴ Count in Spun Silk / 5315

=
Spun Rayon system Denier Metric count
5315
=
32
= 166s
11) Conversion factor for converting Worsted count to Denier Metric system:

Worsted count Denier Metric
OR
( 1 × 453.59 ) gms.
OR
(560 × 0.9144) metres
Length of Worsted
= (560 × 0.9144) × metres
yarn per pound

= ×
metres
453.59 450 1
= × ×
0.05 (560 × 0.9144)
7972.22
=
Where 7972.22, is the conversion factor for converting a Worsted count to Denier Metric
system.

=
Metric system Worsted count
139
Example:
Convert 40s Worsted count to Denier Metric system.
=
Metric system Worsted count
7972.22
=
40
= 199.3
12) Conversion factor for converting Denier Metric count to Worsted system:
Denier Metric Worsted count
OR
0.05
pound
453.59
OR
(450 × 1.0936) yards

= × pound
= ×
pounds
(450 × 1.0936) 453.59 1
= × ×
560 0.05
7972.22
=
Where 7972.22, is the conversion factor for converting a Denier Metric count to Worsted
system.
∴ Count in Worsted 7972.22
=
Example:
Convert 28 Denier Metric count to Worsted system.

=
7972.22
=
28
= 284.7s
140
13) Conversion factor for converting Linen count to Denier Metric system:

Linen count Denier Metric
OR
( 1 × 453.59 ) gms.
Basic length unit : Lea of 300 yards 450 metres
OR
(300 × 0.9144) metres
Length of Linen
= (300 × 0.9144) × metres
yarn per pound

= ×
metres
453.59 450 1
= × ×
0.05 (300 × 0.9144)
14881.4712
=
Where 14881.471, is the conversion factor for converting a Linen count to Denier Metric
system.

=
Metric system Linen count
Example:
Convert 40s Linen count to Denier Metric system.
=
Metric system Linen count
14881.4712
=
40
= 372
14) Conversion factor for converting Denier Metric count to Linen system:

Denier Metric Linen count
OR
141
0.05
pound
453.59
Basic length unit : 450 metres Lea of 300 yards
OR
(450 × 1.0936) yards

= × pound
= ×
pounds
(450 × 1.0936) 453.59 1
= × ×
300 0.05
14881.4712
=
Linen system.
∴ Count in Linen 14881.4712

=
Example:
Convert 52 Denier Metric count to Linen system.

=
14881.4712
=
52
= 286.18s
15) Conversion factor for converting Woollen York Shire Skein count to Denier Metric system:
Woollen York Shire Denier Metric
Skein count
Basic weight unit : 6.0 pounds 0.05 gms.
OR 6/6 = 1 pound
OR
( 1 × 453.59 ) gms.
Basic length unit : Skein of 1536 yards 450 metres
OR 1536/6 = 256 yards
OR
(256 × 0.9144) metres
142
Length of Woollen York

= (256 × 0.9144) × metres
Shire Skein yarn per pound

= ×
metres
453.59 450 1
= × ×
0.05 (256 × 0.9144)
17439.224
=
Where 17439.223, is the conversion factor for converting a Woollen York Shire Skein
count to Denier Metric system.

=
Metric system Woollen York Shire Skein count
Example:
Convert 250s Woollen York Shire Skein count to Denier Metric system.
=
Metric system Woollen York Shire Skein count
17439.224
=
250
= 69.76
16) Conversion factor for converting Denier Metric count to Woollen York Shire Skein system:

Denier Metric Woollen York Shire
Skein count
Basic weight unit : 0.05 gms. 6.0 pounds OR
6/6 = 1 pound
OR
0.05
pound
453.59
Basic length unit : 450 metres Skein of 1536 yards
OR 1536/6 = 256 yards
OR
(450 × 1.0936) yards

= × pound
143
∴ Count of yarn in Woollen Length in yards 1

= ×
pounds
(450 × 1.0936) 453.59 1
= × ×
256 0.05
17439.224
=
Woollen York Shire Skein system.
∴ Count in Woollen York 17439.224

=
Shire Skein system Denier Metric count
Example:
Convert 90 Denier Metric count to Woollen York Shire Skein system.

=
Shire Skein system Denier Metric count
17439.224
=
90
= 193.77s
17) Conversion factor for converting Asbestos (British) to Denier Metric system:

Asbestos (British) Denier Metric
OR
( 1 × 453.59 ) gms.
OR
(50 × 0.9144) metres
Length of Asbestos
= (50 × 0.9144) × metres

= ×
metres
453.59 450 1
= × ×
0.05 (50 × 0.9144)
144
89288.83
=
Where 89288.83, is the conversion factor for converting a Asbestos (British) count to

=
Metric system Asbestos (British) count
Example:
Convert 125s Asbestos (British) count to Denier Metric system.
=
Metric system Asbestos (British) count
89288.83
=
125
= 714.31
18) Conversion factor for converting Denier Metric count to Asbestos (British) system:

Denier Metric Asbestos (British)
OR
0.05
pound
453.59
OR
(450 × 1.0936) yards

= × pound
∴ Count of yarn in Asbestos Length in yards 1
= ×
pounds
(450 × 1.0936) 453.59 1
= × ×
50 0.05
89288.83
=
Asbestos (British) system.
∴ Count in Asbestos 89288.83

(British) system =
Denier Metric count
145
Example:
Convert 120 Denier Metric count to Asbestos (British) system.
∴ Count in Asbestos 89288.83

(British) system =
Denier Metric count
89288.83
=
120
= 744s
*********
146
EVOLUTION OF UNIVERSAL SYSTEM OF NUMBERING YARNS
There are many systems of numbering yarns for different types of yarns in the industry.
Even for the same type of yarn, different systems are used in different parts of the world,
sometimes even in different parts of the same country. For instance in the case of wool – we
have Yorkshire skein, American cut, American run, American grain, Hawick cut, West England
snap, etc., systems each having different weight and length units. It is, therefore, difficult for one
engaged in any particular industry or trade to know readily the comparative size or fineness of
even the same type of yarns, when the count is expressed in a system other than what is
accustomed to or which is not prevalent in the trade or industry, unless the count is converted
into the system what is in practice. Further, the basis of length and weight units in the majority
of cases are such as will involve odd calculations for ascertaining the counts or converting
counts in one system to another. Besides, in the case of rayon where the yarn is composed of a
number of filaments, it is difficult to use any of the existing system for expressing the counts of
the filaments as well as that of the yarn. Difficulty also arises in the calculations of union yarns
made from fibres or yarns of more than one type. Attempts were therefore, made to evolve an
universal numbering system, which can be used for expressing the counts of filaments as well as
that of silvers, rovings, yarns, etc., of all types and in all trades and industries irrespective of the
material whether cotton, jute, wool, silk, rayon, etc., of which the yarns are composed. Besides,
the universal system should be capable of being adopted by different countries of the world.
With these points in view, several systems were proposed all of which are based more or less on
decimal system which would reduce or altogether eliminate odd calculations involved in
determining count of yarns. Of these, “Grex” system had gained more support in U.S.A. for
adoption than others. The B.S.I. (British Standard Institute) and I.S.I. (Indian Standard
Institute), on the other hand, favoured tex system.
The International Standardisation Organization (I.S.O.) some years back, have approved
for adoption of the tex system for expressing the counts of yarns. For expressing the counts of
roving filaments and fibres, etc., multiple and submultiple units, i.e. kilotex and millitex as
applicable, may be used where necessary.
The I.S.I. has adopted the tex system as the national standard for expressing the counts of
yarns. In the specifications of textile materials and yarns prepared and issued by them, they
show the count of yarns invariably in the tex system. The I.S.I. has also adopted kilotex and
millitex to indicate the counts of coarse and fine textile materials like rovings and man-made
filaments respectively so that the count number may not be unusually too large or too small.
The B.S.I. and a number of standardization institutions of different countries of the world have
also adopted the tex system for expressing the counts of yarn.
Since in the tex system, the length and weight units are expressed in the metric system,
the best advantage can be obtained if the countries, adopting this system of numbering yarns,
adopt metric system as well for weight, length and other dimensional measurements.
The table below shows the weight and length units of different universal systems which
were earlier proposed by the U.K. and the U.S.A. The tex system, however, has got approval for
adoption as the universal count system and has been adopted by a number of countries of the
world, like U.K., India and so on.
147
TABLE
System Unit of Weight Unit of Length

Tex (direct) 1 gramme 1,000 metres or 1 kilometre
Grex (direct) 1 gramme 10,000 metres or 10 kilometres
Poumer (direct) 1 pound 1,000,000 yards
Typp (indirect) 1 pound 1,000 yards
(Thousand yards per pound)
1) Tex system (Direct system):

Basic weight unit = 1.0 gm.
Definition:
Count is the number of gms. per 1000 metres
Calculation:
Count = Number of gms. per 1000 metres
Weight in gms./1
=
Length in metres/1000
Weight in gms. 1000

= ×
……..1.0
By cross multiplication of the above formula, we get that:
Weight in gms. 1000

1.0 Count in Tex system
........2.0
And,
Length in metres
Weight in gms. = × Count in Tex system
1000
..……3.0
Tex system of numbering yarns being used for ascertaining count of yarns ; while
millitex system for denoting fineness of fibres and kilotex for silver, rovings etc.
Millitex : Number of milligrams per 1000 metres ; 1.0 Millitex = 0.001 Tex
Kilotex : Number of Kilograms per 1000 metres ; 1.0 Kilotex = 1000 Tex
Example: 1
If the weight of 400 metres of yarn is 6.0 gms., calculate its count in Tex system.
148

Count of yarn in
= ?
Tex system
Count of yarn in Weight in gms. 1000
= ×
Tex system 1.0 Length in metres
6.0 1000
= ×
1.0 400
= 15
Example: 2
Calculate the length of 340 gms. of nylon yarn, whose count is 20 Tex.
Count of yarn = 20 Tex
Length of yarn = ?
Weight in gms. 1000

Length of yarn = ×
1.0 Count in Tex system
340 1000
= ×
1.0 20
= 17000 metres
OR
17000/1000 = 17 kilometres
Since, 1000 metres = 1.0 kilometre
Example: 3
What is the weight of 35 kilometres of terylene yarn, whose count is 8.4 Tex.
Length of yarn = 35 kilometres OR
(35 × 1000) metres
Count of yarn = 8.4 Tex
Weight of yarn = ?
Length in metres
Weight of yarn = × Count in Tex system
1.0
(35 × 1000)
= × 8.4
1000
= 294 grams.
149
Example: 4
If 27432 yards of acetate yarn weighs 240 grams. What is its count in Tex system ?
Length of yarn = 27432 yards OR
(27432 × 0.9144) metres
= ×
240 1000
= ×
1.0 (27432 × 0.9144)
= 9.57
Example: 5
Calculate the count of 5000 yards of cotton yarn in Tex system, if it weighs 10 ounces.
Length of yarn = 5000 yards OR
(5000 × 0.9144) metres
Weight of yarn = 10 ounces OR
(453.59 × 10)
gms.
16
Count of yarn in
= ?
Tex system
= ×
(453.59 × 10) 1000

= ×
16 (5000 × 0.9144)
= 62
2) Grex system (Direct system):

Basic weight unit = 1.0 gm.
Basic length unit = 10,000 metres
Definition:
Count is the number of gms. in 10,000 metres
Calculations:
Count = Number of gms. per 10,000 metres
Weight in gms./1
=
Length in metres/10,000
150
Weight in gms. 10,000

= ×
……..1.0
Weight in gms. 10,000

1.0 Count in Grex system
........2.0
And,
Length in metres
Weight in gms. = × Count in Grex system
10,000
..……3.0
3) Poumer system (Direct system):

Basic length unit = 10,00,000 yards
Definition:
Count is the number of pounds per 10,00,000 yards
Calculations:
Count = Number of pounds per 10,00,000 yards
Weight in pounds/1.0
=
Length in yards/10,00,000
Weight in pounds 10,00,000

= ×
1.0 Length in yards
……..1.0
Weight in pounds 10,00,000

1.0 Count in
Poumer system
........2.0
And,
Weight in pounds = ×
10,00,000 Poumer system
..……3.0
4) Typp system (1000 yards per pound) (Indirect system):

The numbering system is similar to that of Decimal (Indirect) system.
Basic weight unit = 1.0 pounds
Basic length unit = 1000 yards
151
Definition:
Count is the number of length units each of 1000 yards per pound
Calculation:
Number of length units each of
Count =
1000 yards per pound
=
Weight in pounds/1.0
Length in yards 1.0
= ×
……..1.0
Length in yards 1.0

Weight in pounds = ×
1000 Count in Typp system
........2.0
And,
Weight in Count in
Length in yards = × × 1000
pounds Typp system
..……3.0
5) Millitex system (Direct system):

Millitex system describes the fineness or thickness of fibres.
Basic weight unit = 1.0 milligram
Definition:
Count is the number of milligrams per 1000 metres
Calculation:
Count = Number of milligrams per 1000 metres
Weight in milligrams/1
=
Weight in milligrams 1000

= ×
……..1.0
Weight in milligrams 1000

1.0 Count in
millitex system
........2.0
152
And,
Weight in milligrams = ×
1000 millitex system
..……3.0
6) Kilotex system (Direct system):

Kilotex system describes the fineness or thickness of sliver, roving etc.
Basic weight unit = 1.0 Kilogram
Definition:
Count is the number of kilograms per 1000 metres
Calculation:
Count = Number of kilograms per 1000 metres
Weight in kilograms/1
=
Weight in kilograms 1000

= ×
……..1.0
Weight in kilograms 1000

1.0 Count in
kilotex system
........2.0
And,
Weight in kilograms = ×
1000 kilotex system
..……3.0
*********
COUNT CONVERSION FROM INDIRECT COUNT TO TEX SYSTEM
1) Conversion factor for converting New English cotton count to Tex system:
(Indirect count to Direct system)
weight units respectively of the required system. Calculate the total length of yarn of the known
count of yarn per unit weight. Then ascertain the count of yarn in required system as indicated
in the following example:
153

New English Tex count
cotton count
OR
( 1 × 453.59 ) gms.
OR
(840 × 0.9144) metres
Count of yarn : New English ?
Length of New English

= (840 × 0.9144) × metres
cotton yarn per pound

= ×
Tex system 1.0 Length in
metres
453.59 1000 1
= × ×
1.0 (840 × 0.9144)
590.54 590.5
= OR
Where 590.5, is the conversion factor for converting a New English cotton count to
Tex system.
∴ Count in Tex 590.5

=
system New English cotton count
Example:
Convert 20s New English cotton count to Tex system.

=
system New English cotton count
590.5
=
20
= 29.5
2) Conversion factor for converting Tex count to New English cotton system:
(Direct count to Indirect system)
weight units respectively of the required system. Calculate the total weight of yarn of the known
count per unit length. Then ascertain the count of yarn in required system as indicated in the
following example:
154

Tex count New English
Cotton count
OR
1.0
pound
453.59
OR
(1000 × 1.0936) yards
Count of yarn : Tex ?
Weight of Tex yarn 1.0

= × pound
per 1000 metres 453.59
= ×
New English system 840 Weight in
pounds
(1000 × 1.0936) 453.59 1
= × ×
840 1.0
590.5
=
Where 590.5, is the conversion factor for converting a Tex count to New English
cotton system.
∴ Count in New English 590.5

=
cotton system Tex count
Example:
Convert 40 Tex count to New English cotton system.
∴ Count in New English 590.5

=
590.5
=
40
= 14.76s
3) Conversion factor for converting New French cotton count to Tex system:
Nf. cotton Tex count
Basic weight unit : 500 gms. 1.0 gm.
155

= (1000 × ) metres
yarn per 500 gms.

= ×
metres
500 1000 1
= × ×
1.0 1000
500
=
Where 500, is the conversion factor for converting a New French cotton count to
Tex system.
∴ Count in Tex 500

=
system Nf. cotton count
Example:
Convert 17s New French cotton count to Tex system.

=
system Nf. cotton count
500
=
17
= 29.4
4) Conversion factor for converting Tex count to New French cotton system:

Tex count Nf. cotton count
Weight of Tex yarn

= 1.0 × gms.
per 1000 metres
∴ Count of yarn in New Length in metres 500
= ×
French cotton system 1000 Weight in
gms.
1000 500 1
= × ×
1000 1.0
500
=
156
Where 500, is the conversion factor for converting a Tex count to New French
cotton system.

=
Example:
Convert 50 Tex count to New French cotton system.

=
500
=
50
= 10s
5) Conversion factor for converting Decimal count to Tex system:

Decimal count Tex count
OR
( 1 × 453.59 ) gms.
OR
(1000 × 0.9144) metres
Length of Decimal
= (1000 × 0.9144) × metres
yarn per pound

= ×
metres
453.59 1000 1
= × ×
1.0 (1000 × 0.9144)
496.05
=
Where 496.05, is the conversion factor for converting a Decimal count to Tex system.

=
system Decimal count
157
Example:
Convert 18s Decimal count to Tex system.

=
system Decimal count
496.05
=
18
= 27.56
6) Conversion factor for converting Tex count to Decimal system:

Tex count Decimal count
OR
1.0
pound
453.59
OR
(1000 × 1.0936) yards

= × pound
= ×
pounds
(1000 × 1.0936) 453.59 1
= × ×
1000 1.0
496.05
=
Where 496.05, is the conversion factor for converting a Tex count to Decimal system.

=
system Tex count
Example:
Convert 25 Tex count to Decimal system.
=
system Tex count
496.05
=
25
= 19.84
158
7) Conversion factor for converting Metric count to Tex system:

Metric count Tex count
Basic weight unit : 1000 gms. 1.0 gm.
Length of Metric
= 1000 × metres
yarn per 1000 gms.
= ×
metres
1000 1000 1
= × ×
1.0 1000
1000
=
Where 1000, is the conversion factor for converting a Metric count to Tex system.

=
system Metric count
Example:
Convert 50s Metric count to Tex system.

=
system Metric count
1000
=
50
= 20
8) Conversion factor for converting Tex count to Metric system:

Tex count Metric count
Basic weight unit : 1.0 gm. 1000 gms.
Weight of Tex yarn

= 1.0 × gms.
per 1000 metres
159

= ×
gms.
1000 1000 1
= × ×
1000 1.0
1000
=
Where 1000, is the conversion factor for converting a Tex count to Metric system.

=
system Tex count
Example:
Convert 200 Tex count to Metric system.

=
system Tex count
1000
=
200
= 5s
9) Conversion factor for converting Spun Silk / Spun Rayon count to Tex system:

Spun Silk / Spun Tex count
Rayon count
OR
( 1 × 453.59 ) gms.
OR
(840 × 0.9144) metres

= (840 × 0.9144) × metres
Spun Rayon yarn per pound

= ×
metres
453.59 1000 1
= × ×
1.0 (840 × 0.9144)
160
590.5
=
Where 590.5, is the conversion factor for converting a Spun Silk / Spun Rayon count to
Tex system.

=
system Spun Silk / Spun Rayon count
Example:
Convert 100s Spun Silk / Spun Rayon count to Tex system.

=
system Spun Silk / Spun Rayon count
590.5
=
100
= 5.9
10) Conversion factor for converting Tex count to Spun Silk / Spun Rayon system:

Tex count Spun Silk/ Spun
Rayon count
OR
1.0
pound
453.59
OR
(1000 × 1.0936) yards

= × pound
∴ Count of yarn in Spun Silk / Length in yards 1
= ×
Spun Rayon system 840 Weight in
pounds
(1000 × 1.0936) 453.59 1
= × ×
840 1.0
590.5
=
Where 590.5, is the conversion factor for converting a Tex count to Spun Silk / Spun
Rayon system.
161
∴ Count in Spun Silk / 590.5

=
Spun Rayon system Tex count
Example:
Convert 40 Tex count to Spun Silk / Spun Rayon system.
∴ Count in Spun Silk / 590.5

=
Spun Rayon system Tex count
590.5
=
40
= 14.76s
11) Conversion factor for converting Worsted count to Tex system:

Worsted count Tex count
OR
( 1 × 453.59 ) gms.
OR
(560 × 0.9144) metres
Length of Worsted
= (560 × 0.9144) × metres
yarn per pound

= ×
metres
453.59 1000 1
= × ×
1.0 (560 × 0.9144)
885.8
=
Where 885.8, is the conversion factor for converting a Worsted count to Tex system.

=
system Worsted count
Example:
Convert 32s Worsted count to Tex system.
=
system Worsted count
162
885.8
=
32
= 27.68
12) Conversion factor for converting Tex count to Worsted system:

Tex count Worsted count
OR
1.0
pound
453.59
OR
(1000 × 1.0936) yards

= × pound
= ×
pounds
(1000 × 1.0936) 453.59 1
= × ×
560 1.0
885.8
=
Where 885.8, is the conversion factor for converting a Tex count to Worsted system.

=
system Tex count
Example:
Convert 25 Tex count to Worsted system.

=
system Tex count
885.8
=
25
= 35.42s
163
13) Conversion factor for converting Linen count to Tex system:

Linen count Tex count
OR
( 1 × 453.59 ) gms.
Basic length unit : Lea of 300 yards 1000 metres
OR
(300 × 0.9144) metres
Length of Linen
= (300 × 0.9144) × metres
yarn per pound

= ×
metres
453.59 1000 1
= × ×
1.0 (300 × 0.9144)
1653.51
=
Where 1653.51, is the conversion factor for converting a Linen count to Tex system.

=
system Linen count
Example:
Convert 18s Linen count to Tex system.
=
system Linen count
1653.51
=
18
= 91.86
14) Conversion factor for converting Tex count to Linen system:

Tex count Linen count
OR
1.0
pound
453.59
164
Basic length unit : 1000 metres Lea of 300 yards

OR
(1000 × 1.0936) yards

= × pound
= ×
pounds
(1000 × 1.0936) 453.59 1
= × ×
300 1.0
1653.51
=
Where 1653.51, is the conversion factor for converting a Tex count to Linen system.

=
system Tex count
Example:
Convert 38 Tex count to Linen system.

=
system Tex count
1653.51
=
38
= 43.51s
15) Conversion factor for converting Woollen York Shire Skein count to Tex system:

Woollen York Shire Tex count
Skein count
Basic weight unit : 6.0 pounds 1.0 gm.
OR 6/6 = 1 pound
OR
( 1 × 453.59 ) gms.
Basic length unit : Skein of 1536 yards 1000 metres
OR 1536/6 = 256 yards
OR
(256 × 0.9144) metres
165
Length of Woollen York

= (256 × 0.9144) × metres
Shire Skein yarn per pound

= ×
metres
453.59 1000 1
= × ×
1.0 (256 × 0.9144)
1937.7
=
Where 1937.67, is the conversion factor for converting a Woollen York Shire Skein count
to Tex system.

=
system Woollen York Shire Skein count
Example:
Convert 150s Woollen York Shire Skein count to Tex system.
=
system Woollen York Shire Skein count
1937.7
=
150
= 12.9
16) Conversion factor for converting Tex count to Woollen York Shire Skein system:

Tex count Woollen York Shire
Skein count
Basic weight unit : 1.0 gm. 6.0 pounds OR
6/6 = 1 pound
OR
1.0
pound
453.59
Basic length unit : 1000 metres Skein of 1536 yards
OR 1536/6 = 256 yards
OR
(1000 × 1.0936) yards

= × pound
166
∴ Count of yarn in Woollen Length in yards 1

= ×
pounds
(1000 × 1.0936) 453.59 1
= × ×
256 1.0
1937.7
=
Where 1937.7, is the conversion factor for converting a Tex count to Woollen York Shire
Skein system.

=
Shire Skein system Tex count
Example:
Convert 120 Tex count to Woollen York Shire Skein system.

=
Shire Skein system Tex count
1937.7
=
120
= 16.15s
17) Conversion factor for converting Asbestos (British) to Tex count:

Asbestos (British) Tex count
OR
( 1 × 453.59 ) gms.
OR
(50 × 0.9144) metres
Length of Asbestos
= (50 × 0.9144) × metres

= ×
metres
453.59 1000 1
= × ×
1.0 (50 × 0.9144)
167
9921
=
Where 9921, is the conversion factor for converting a Asbestos (British) count to Tex
system.

=
system Asbestos (British) count
Example:
Convert 250s Asbestos (British) count to Tex system.
=
system Asbestos (British) count
9921
=
250
= 39.68
18) Conversion factor for converting Tex count to Asbestos (British) system:

Tex count Asbestos (British)
OR
1.0
pound
453.59
OR
(1000 × 1.0936) yards

= × pound
∴ Count of yarn in Asbestos Length in yards 1
= ×
pounds
(1000 × 1.0936) 453.59 1
= × ×
50 1.0
9921
=
Where 9921, is the conversion factor for converting a Tex count to Asbestos
(British) system.
∴ Count in Asbestos 9921

(British) system =
Tex count
168
Example:
Convert 300 Tex count to Asbestos (British) system.
∴ Count in Asbestos 9921

(British) system =
Tex count
9921
=
300
= 33s
19) Conversion factor for converting Denier Metric count to Tex system:

Denier Metric count Tex count
Basic weight unit : 0.05 gms. 1.0 gm.
Basic length unit : 450 metres 1000 metres

= 0.05 × gms.
yarn per 450 metres
= ×
metres
0.05 1000
= × ×
1.0 450
= 0.1111 ×
Tex system.
∴ Count in Tex
system
Example:
Convert 100 Denier Metric count to Tex system.
∴ Count in Tex
system
= 0.1111 × 100
= 11.11
169
20) Conversion factor for converting Tex count to Denier Metric count:

Tex count Denier Metric count
Basic weight unit : 1.0 gm. 0.05 gms.
Basic length unit : 1000 metres 450 metres
Weight of Tex yarn

= 1.0 × gms.
per 1000 metres
= ×
metres
1.0 450
= × ×
0.05 1000
= 9.0 ×
Where 9.0, is the conversion factor for converting a Tex count to Denier Metric system.
∴ Count in Denier
= 9.0 × Tex count
Metric system
Example:
Convert 20 Tex count to Denier Metric system.
∴ Count in Denier
= 9.0 × Tex count
Metric system
= 9.0 × 20
= 180
********
Miscellaneous Example:
Example: 1
The weight of 1260 yards of cotton yarn was found to be 12 gms. Calculate its count in
the following systems.
(a) Metric (b) Denier Metric (c) Worsted (d) Tex (e) Linen
(f) New English (g) Dram (h) Decimal
a) Count of yarn in Metric system:
Count of yarn in Metric system = ×
1000 Weight in gms.
170
(1260 × 0.9144) 1000

= ×
1000 12
= 96s
b) Count of yarn in Denier Metric system:

Count in Denier Weight in gms. 450
Metric system = ×
0.05 Length in gms.
12 450
= ×
0.05 (1260 × 0.9144)
= 93.74s
c) Count of yarn in Worsted system:

Count in Worsted Length in yards 1.0
system = ×
1260 453.59
= ×
560 12
= 85s
d) Count of yarn in Tex system:

Count in Worsted Weight in gms. 1000
system = ×
12 1000
= ×
1.0 (1260 × 0.9144)
= 10.42s
e) Count of yarn in Len system:

Count in Linen Length in yards 1.0
system = ×
1260 (1 × 453.59)
= ×
300 12
= 158.76s
f) Count of yarn in New English system:

Count in New English Length in yards 1.0
system = ×
1260 (1 × 453.59)
= ×
840 12
= 56.7s
171
g) Count of yarn in Dram system:

Count in Dram Weight in dram 1000
system = ×
1.0 Length in yards
(256 × 12) 1000
= ×
453.59 1260
= 5.38s
h) Count of yarn in Decimal system:

Count in Decimal Length in yards 1.0
system = ×
1260 (1.0 × 453.59)
= ×
1000 12
= 47.63s
*********
Reference Books:
1) Weaving Calculations
by R. Sen Gupta
2) Textile Mathematics – Vol. I, Vol. II and Vol. III
by J.E. Booth
3) Textile Mathematics – Vol. I
by Shri E. Vadivelu
*********
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DHTT – SECOND SEMESTER

INTRODUCTION TO NUMBERING OF YARNS

a) The fixed weight unit system, which is otherwise known as

b) The fixed length unit system, which is also known as Direct

INDIRECT SYSTEM OF NUMBERING OF YARNS

Length Unit Total Length Units Weight Unit Diameter of Yarn

Say for example 10s Ne count means that;

b) the count is expressed in New English cotton system and

Length in appropriate length unit … .1

By cross multiplication of the above formula, we get, that,

Length in appropriate length unit

Length = Count x Weight in appropriate weight unit .…3

Count in short may be written as ct.

Length in short may be written as lt.

New English [Ne] System:

Hank in short may be written as hk.

Length unit Weight unit Count in Ne. System

1.0 Length unit = 1 Hank = Length of 840 yards.

By cross multiplication, we get, that,

Length in Hks = Wt. in lbs x Ct. in Ne. system

Length in mts. = Wt. in lbs x Ct. in Ne. sys x 840 x 0.9144

Since, 1 yard = 0.9144 mt.

Use of grain weight in formulae:

Length in yards 7000

Length in yards 7000

Length in yards 453.59

Length in yds 453.59

Use of ounce weight in Formulae:

Weight in gms per Hank of some of the Cotton yarns:

Length in yards per pound of some of the Cotton yarns:

Yarn Bundling System:

1 Hank = 1½ yards x 80 x 7 = 840 yards

For Coarser yarns.

5 Hanks = 1 Knot (Half Knot)

For Finer yarns.

10 Hanks = 1 Knot (Full Knot)

20 Knots = 1 Ladi (Local Term) (Double Knot)

Weight per Bundle of Cotton yarns:

40s Ne. and below 40s Ne. = 10 pounds per bundle

60s, 80s, 100s, 120s etc. = 5 pounds per bundle

The given details are:

Length of yarn = 240 yards

Weight of yarn = 40 grains

Length in yards 7000

Example 2. Find the weight of 270 yards of 60s cotton yarn ?

The given details are:

Length of yarn = 270 yards

Count of yarn = 60s

Weight of yarn in grains = ?

Length in yards 7000

Example 3. What is the length of 105 grains of 40s cotton yarn ?

The given details are:

Weight of yarn = 105 grains

Count of yarn = 40s cotton

Example 4. Calculate the weight 816 hanks of 60s cotton yarn ?

The given details are:

Length of yarn = 816 hanks

Count of yarn = 60s