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Tetanous Vaccine

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Vaccines strengthen people's immune systems so their bodies can fight off serious infectious

diseases. Vaccines also benefit society by preventing the spread of communicable diseases.Many
women might not realize they are not up-to-date on their immunizations and are susceptible to
diseases that can harm them or their unborn child.All vaccines are tested for safety under the
supervision of the Food and Drug Administration (FDA). The vaccines are checked for purity,
potency, and safety, and the FDA and Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)
monitor the safety of each vaccine for as long as it is in use. Some people might be allergic to an
ingredient in a vaccine, such as eggs in the influenza vaccine, and should not receive the vaccine
until they have talked to their doctors.A number of vaccines, especially live-virus vaccines,
should not be given to pregnant women because they might be harmful to the baby. (A live-virus
vaccine is made using the live strains of a virus.) Some vaccines can be given to the mother in
the second or third trimester of pregnancy, while others should only be administered either at
least three months before or immediately after the baby is born.

Tetanus can cause severe morbidity in the mother and mortality in the neonate. Tetanus is a
life-threatening bacterial disease that is caused by the toxin of a bacterium called Clostridium
tetani which is often found in soil. Tetanus bacteria enter the body through an open wound. It
could well be a tiny prick or scratch on the skin, although Tetanus infection is more common
when there is a deep puncture wound such as a bite, cut, burn or an ulcer. Tetanus affects a
person's nervous system and can be fatal if left untreated. Neonatal tetanus usually occurs in
newborns through infection of the unhealed umbilical stump, especially when the stump is cut
with a non-sterile instrument. Tetaus is prevented only through vaccination.The tetanus vaccine
contains noninfectious toxoids. Tetanus toxoids appear safe during pregnancy and are
administered in many countries of the world to prevent neonatal tetanus.

the first dose of tetanus toxoid should be administered as soon as pregnancy is detected, second
dose of tetanus toxoid is administered after 4 weeks and if a mother received 2 TT doses in the
last pregnancy and mother gets again pregnant with in 3 y than only one dose of TT is
recommended and that dose is called booster dose. Some experts recommend that the second
dose of the vaccine should be given 4 weeks prior to the expected date of delivery. The WHO
also recommends that a third vaccine be given 6 months after the second one to provide
protection for at least 5 y. After TT vaccination, the antibodies formed in the mother are
transferred to the baby and protect the baby for a few months after birth. TT vaccination also
helps to prevent premature birth or delivery.

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