Chapter 1.1 - Basic Concepts of Thermodynamics
Chapter 1.1 - Basic Concepts of Thermodynamics
Chapter 1.1 - Basic Concepts of Thermodynamics
BASIC CONCEPTS OF
THERMODYNAMICS
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CONTENTS
Thermodynamics and Energy
Dimensions and Units
Systems and Properties
State, Processes and Cycles
Temperature
Pressure and Measuring Devices
Problem Solving Technique
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LESSON OUTCOMES
Greek Words
It is a science of
Therme Dynamis energy.
(heat) (Power)
Early description:
Convert heat into power.
Current Definition:
The study of energy and energy transformations, including
power generation, refrigeration and relationship among the
properties of matter.
Engines:
Automotive, aircraft, rocket
Plant/ Factory
Refinery, power plants, nuclear power plant
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DIMENSIONS & UNITS
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DIMENSIONS & UNITS
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SYSTEMS & CONTROL
VOLUMES
Thermodynamic system quantity of matter or a region in space
(system) chosen for study.
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SYSTEMS & CONTROL
VOLUMES (cont’d)
Boundary the real or imaginary surface that separates the system
from its surrounding
contact surface shared by both the system &
surroundings
has zero thickness & can either contain any mass nor
occupy volume in space.
fixed
Boundary
movable
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SYSTEMS & CONTROL
VOLUMES (cont’d)
TYPES OF SYSTEM
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PROPERTIES OF A SYSTEM
Property - any macroscopic characteristic of a system
Some familiar properties are P, T, V and m.
Others: viscosity, thermal conductivity, thermal expansion coefficient
and etc
independent of the size/
Intensive T, P, age, colour
extent (or mass)
Properties
dependent on the size/
Extensive m, V, total E
extent (related to mass)
Specific properties -
extensive properties per
unit mass
SG s
H2O
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STATE & EQUILIBRIUM
A state of balance.
Equilibrium In an equilibrium state, there are no
unbalanced potentials (or driving forces)
within the system.
A quantity is a property
if its change in value
between two states is
independent of the
process.
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PROCESSES & CYCLES
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Class Takeaway
Substance: H2O
State
Process
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Exercise
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