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Reading and Writing Skills

Quarter 3 – Module 4
(Hypertext and Intertext)

NegOr_Q3_RWS_Module4_v2
English – Grade 11
Alternative Delivery Mode
Quarter 3 – Module 4: Reading and Writing Skills (Hypertext and Intertext)
Second Edition, 2021

Republic Act 8293, section 176 states that: No copyright shall subsist in any
work of the Government of the Philippines. However, prior approval of the
government agency or office wherein the work is created shall be necessary for
exploitation of such work for profit. Such agency or office may, among other things,
impose as a condition the payment of royalties.

Borrowed materials (i.e., songs, stories, poems, pictures, photos, brand

names, trademarks, etc.) included in this module are owned by their respective
copyright holders. Every effort has been exerted to locate and seek permission to
use these materials from their respective copyright owners. The publisher and
authors do not represent nor claim ownership over them.

Published by the Department of Education

Secretary: Leonor Magtolis Briones
Undersecretary: Diosdado M. San Antonio

Development Team of the Module

Writer: Alma N. Baroy EdD
Editor: Ellen E. Edrial EdD / Grace A. Cimafranca
Reviewer: Ellen E. Edrial EdD
Illustrator: None
Layout Artist/Typesetter: Mich Izen I. Paña
Management Team: Senen Priscillo P. Paulin, CESO V Rosela R. Abiera
Joelyza M. Arcilla EdD Maricel S. Rasid

Marcelo K. Palispis EdD Elmar L. Cabrera

Nilita L. Ragay EdD
Anna Lee A. Amores EdD

Printed in the Philippines by

Department of Education –Region VII Schools Division of Negros Oriental

Office Address: Kagawasan, Ave., Daro, Dumaguete City, Negros Oriental

Tele #: (035) 225 2376 / 541 1117
E-mail Address: negros.oriental@deped.gov.ph
 Introductory Message
This Self-Learning Module (SLM) is prepared so that you, our dear learners, can continue your
studies and learn while at home. Activities, questions, directions, exercises, and discussions are
carefully stated for you to understand each lesson.
Each SLM is composed of different parts. Each part shall guide you step-by-step as you
discover and understand the lesson prepared for you.
Pre-tests are provided to measure your prior knowledge on lessons in each SLM. This will tell
you if you need to proceed on completing this module or if you need to ask your facilitator or your
teacher’s assistance for better understanding of the lesson. At the end of each module, you need
to answer the post-test to self-check your learning. Answer keys are provided for each activity
and test. We trust that you will be honest in using these.
In addition to the material in the main text, Notes to the Teacher are also provided to our
facilitators and parents for strategies and reminders on how they can best help you on your
home-based learning.
Please use this module with care. Do not put unnecessary marks on any part of this SLM. Use a
separate sheet of paper in answering the exercises and tests. And read the instructions carefully
before performing each task.
If you have any questions in using this SLM or any difficulty in answering the tasks in this
module, do not hesitate to consult your teacher or facilitator.
Thank you.

II
 TABLE OF CONTENTS
CONTENT PAGES

TITLE PAGE ------------------------------------------------ i

INTRODUCTORY MESSAGE ------------------------------ ii

WHAT I NEED TO KNOW --------------------------------- 1

Learning Competency --------------------------------- 1
Learning Objectives --------------------------------- 1

WHAT I KNOW ------------------------------------------------ 2

Task 1 2

WHAT’S IN ------------------------------------------------ 4
Task 2 4

WHAT’S NEW ------------------------------------------------ 5

Task 3 5

WHAT IS IT ------------------------------------------------ 5

WHAT’S MORE ------------------------------------------------ 8

Task 4 8

WHAT I HAVE LEARNED --------------------------------- 8

Task 5 -------------------------------- 8

WHAT I CAN DO ---------------------------------------- 9

Task 6 9

ASSESSMENT ------------------------------------------------ 10

GLOSSARY ------------------------------------------------ 12

ANSWER KEY ------------------------------------------------ 13

REFERENCE LIST -------------------------------------------- 14

 WHAT I NEED TO KNOW

There is always an inspiration behind the writing of a text, and often,

it leaves clues about the situation or the reality that served as the backdrop
of the text. This backdrop, this situation, this reality is known as the context
of the text. This lesson will help you better understand the context in which
a text is developed.

Learning Competency

➢ Identifies the context in which a text is developed

Learning Objectives:

At the end of this module, you should be able to:

1. Define hypertext and intertext.

2. Determine whether a concept uses hypertext or intertextuality.
3. Adhere to the importance of hypertext and intertext in daily lives.

WHAT I KNOW

Task 1

Directions: Read each item carefully and write the letter of the correct
answer in your activity notebook.

1. Which of the following does not describe hypertext?

a. It allows readers to access information particularly suited to
their needs.
b. It permits readers to create their own meaning out of the
material given to them and learn better associatively.
c. It is a text displayed on a computer display or other electronic
devices with references to other text that the reader can
immediately access.
d. It is a linear way of presenting information and is usually
accomplished and connected using “links”.
2. Which of the following is not a characteristic of hypertext?
a. Text flows in a straight line through a book.

2 NegOr_Q3_RWS_Module4_v2
 b. It acts as a bridge between two basic, opposite, and
complementing elements: free and shortcut.
c. In a hypertext system, the reader is free to navigate information
by exploring the connections provided.
d. Hypertext is an unconventional way of presenting information
as compared to the usual linear form.
3. Which of the following statements is true?
a. Hypertext is usually read in a linear manner.
b. A link may stock the reader to only a brief sentence, to a
paragraph, or to whole pages of new text.
c. User follows a link from its source to its destination, usually by
clicking on source with the mouse.
d. Hypertext refers to "links" on a computer screen that, when
inactivated, will bring the reader immediately to a new site of
text, audio, and video.
4. Which of the following statements is not true about hypertext?
a. All textual information is easily presented in a linear form.
b. A hypertext environment gives the learner control over paths of
learning.
c. Hypertext allows readers to analyze information from multiple
perspectives.
d. As the learner uses hypertext, they determine the focus or center
of investigation by choosing to move outside the limits set up by
the author's navigational structure.
5. In 1963, the term hypertext was coined by .
a. Ned Nelson
b. Ted Jackson
c. Ted Nelson
d. Ned Jackson
6. This method of text development allows the writers to produce texts
with borrowed ideas from other writers.
a. hypertext
b. intertext
c. context
d. concept
7. Which of the following is not an example of intertextuality?
a. The song Love Story by Taylor Swift was described as one of the
modern versions of Romeo and Juliet due to its lyrics.
b. Clueless was the basis of Iggy Azalea’s music video Fancy.
c. Harry Potter was originally written by J. K. Rowling.
d. None of the above
8. Who coined the term ‘intertextuality’ in 1960s?
a. Ferdinand de Saussure
b. Laurent Jenny
c. Julia Kristeva
d. Graham Allen
9. Intertextuality is important because .
a. It allows the writer to reshape a text to be in a better form.
b. It enables the readers to see how original the text is.
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 c. It is a way of showing creativity.
d. It promotes originality.
10. Which of the following is not a kind of an intertextual
relationship?
e. bibliography
f. quotation
g. retelling
h. allusion
Source:https://commons.deped.gov.ph/documents/f8c8d53f-3d35-4dbd-b857-cc170784e090

Directions: Look at the advancements that you are familiar with.

Source:
https://www.google.com/search?rlz=1C1VDKB_enPH932PH932&source=univ&tbm=isch&q=images+of+desk
top,+tablet,+smartphone&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwixoeaTou3uAhXEGKYKHcksAxYQjJkEegQIAxAB&biw=1366&
bih=657#imgrc=-tynjrhYgYplgM

Explore!
1. Which of the gadgets above do you have?
2. How do these gadgets help you in obtaining information?

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 WHAT’S NEW

Task 3 Know me!

Directions: Rearrange the jumbled letters to decode the needed words. After
doing so, put these words together inside the box below to
unlock the meaning of a given term. Do this in your notebook.

HYPERTEXT INTERTEXT
simply simply
means means

WHAT IS IT

Being a critical reader involves understanding that texts are always

developed with a certain context. A text is neither written nor read in a
vacuum; its meaning and interpretation are affected by a given set of
circumstances. Thus, context is defined as the social, cultural, political,
historical, and other related circumstances that surround the text and
form the terms from which it can be better understood and evaluated.
Knowledge of the text’s context helps in appreciating the text’s message
more deeply. In discovering a reading’s context, you may ask the questions
like:
• When was the work written?
• What were the circumstances that produced it?
• What issues does it deal with?
Source: Reading and Writing Skills by Marella Therese A. Tiongson and Maxine Rafaella C. Rodriguez

Hypertext is a nonlinear way to present information and is usually

accomplished using “links”. Such links help the readers navigate further
information about the topic being discussed and may also lead to other links
that can direct the readers to various options. Hypertext also allows the
NegOr_Q3_RWS_Module4_v2
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readers to create their own meaning out of the material given to them and
learn better associatively. Hypertext is text displayed on a computer display
or other electronic devices with references to other text that the reader can
immediately access. Hypertext documents are interconnected by hyperlinks,
which are typically activated by a mouse click, keypress set, or by touching the
screen. Rather than remaining static like traditional text, hypertext makes a
dynamic organization of information possible through links and connections
(called hyperlink).
Source:https://commons.deped.gov.ph/documents/f8c8d53f-3d35-4dbd-b857-cc170784e090

For example, you are doing research about the Philippine eagle. A quick
Google search would lead you to a Wikipedia article on it. Information on it
would include a picture and a brief, written description. While reading about
the Philippine eagle, you will also encounter links to its conservation status.
This may lead you to more information about conservation efforts. However, if
you were interested in the appearance of the Philippine eagle because you
wanted to sketch it for your art class, the same page would provide its physical
description and even give you links to pictures and videos of the Philippine
eagle. Thus, depending on your purpose and interests, the article on the
Philippine eagle could lead you to a variety of different, detailed paths.
(Teongson and Rodriguez, p. 23)

The term hypertext was coined by Ted Nelson in 1963. Hypertext

allows readers to access information particularly suited to their needs.
Example, if a reader still needs more background on a particular item that a
text is discussing, such as when a reader does not know a particular term
being used, the reader can choose to highlight that term and access a page
that defines the term and describes it.

Why hypertexts?
• In a hypertext system, the reader is free to navigate information by
exploring the connections provided.
• Hypertext is very different way of presenting information than the usual
linear form.
• Text no longer flows in a straight line through a book. Instead, it is
broken down into many smaller units (lexias, to borrow a term from
literary criticism), each addressing a few issues.
• It acts as a bridge between two basic, opposite, and complementing
elements that may be called gender of knowledge representation: free
and shortcut.
Source:https://commons.deped.gov.ph/documents/f8c8d53f-3d35-4dbd-b857-cc170784e090

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 Intertext or intertextuality is technically defined as a process of text
development that merges two more processes such as imitation and creation
in doing a text. It involves imitation because the author as highly influenced
by another author comes up with his own version of the text consciously or
unconsciously incorporating the style and other characteristics of the text
done by that author.
For example, intertextuality is seen in the local legend of folk hero
Bernardo Carpio. Many version s of this tale exist, but local folklore says he
is a giant who is the cause of earthquakes. In Greek mythology, there is also
Poseidon, who is the god of sea and earthquakes. Many cultures also
attribute natural disasters to legendary figures.

Intertextuality has rooted from the work of a Swiss linguist Ferdinand

de Saussure (1857-1913). Meanwhile, the term itself was first used by
Bulgarian-French philosopher and psychoanalyst Julia Kristeva in the
1960s.

Intertextuality is said to take place using four specific methods namely:

retelling, pastiche, quotation, and allusion.

1. Retelling - is the restatement of a story or re-expression of a

narrative.
2. Quotation - is the method of directly lifting the exact statements or
set of words from a text another author has made.
3. Allusion In this method, a writer or speaker explicitly or implicitly
pertains to an idea or passage found in another text without the use of
quotation.
4. Pastiche - is a text developed in a way that it copies the style or other
properties of another text without making fun of it unlike in a parody.

Questions Used to Validate Intertext

1. Are there two or more stories involved?
2. Does the text show a direct or an indirect connection to
another piece of work?

Source:https://commons.deped.gov.ph/documents/f8c8d53f-3d35-4dbd-b857-cc170784e090

NegOr_Q3_RWS_Module4_v2

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 WHAT’S MORE

Task 4

Directions: Below are some descriptions of different stories. Write I if the

context of each story is in Intertext; write H if it is in Hypertext.

1. Snow, Glass, Apples is a short story by Neil Gaiman. This piece tells
the story of Snow White from the point of view of her stepmother, who
was actually trying to save the kingdom from her bloodthirsty
stepdaughter.
2. Wicked by Gregory McGuire revolves around the story of the Wicked
Witch of the West from Frank Baum’s The Wizard of Oz and
reimagines her as the misunderstood protagonist, Elphaba.
3. Fast City by Don Bosco is an interactive narrative which presents a
set of conflicts and psychological landscapes placed within a
technology-obsessed urban space.
4. The Museum by Adam Kenny emulates the experience of being in a
museum by allocating a page to each part of the museum and giving
the reader free rein as to where he/she wants to go by providing links
to different ‘areas’ of the museum.
5. Bridget Jone’s Diary by Helen Fielding is written in a diary format and
chronicles events within a year in the life of protagonist Bridget in the
90s; it is loosely based on Jane Austen’s Pride and Prejudice.
Source: Reading and Writing Skills by Marella Therese A. Tiongson and Maxine Rafaella C. Rodriguez

WHAT I HAVE LEARNED

Task 5

Directions: In your notebook, complete the following statements.

1. I have learned that

2. I have realized that

3. I will apply what I’ve learned

NegOr_Q3_RWS_Module4_v2

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 WHAT I CAN DO

Task 6

Directions: In your notebook, write a short paragraph of not more than seven
(7) sentences on the importance of intertext and hypertext in your
daily life. You will be graded based on this rubric.

Source:https://www.unb.ca/fredericton/cetl/tls/resources/teaching_tips/tt_assessment_methods/grading_rubrics.html

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 ASSESSMENT

Directions: Read each item carefully. Choose the letter of the best answer
and write it on your activity notebook.

1. Who coined the term ‘intertextuality’ in 1960s?

A. Ferdinand de Saussure B. Laurent Jenny
C. Julia Kristeva D. Graham Allen

2. It is a text developed in a way that copies the style or other properties

of another text without making fun of it unlike a parody.
A. allusion B. pastiche
C. quotation D. retelling

3. Norse mythology of Europe was the inspiration of Victor Magtanggol,

an action-fantasy series of GMA Network. What text development was
used in crafting this story?
A. hyperlink B. intertext C. analysis D. context

4. Which of the following is not an example of intertextuality?

A. The song Love Story by Taylor Swift was described as one of the
modern versions of Romeo and Juliet due to its lyrics.
B. Clueless was the basis of Iggy Azalea’s music video Fancy.
C. Harry Potter was originally written by J. K. Rowling.
D. None of the above

5. Intertextuality is important because .

A. It allows the writer to reshape a text to be in a better form.
B. It enables the readers to see how original the text is.
C. It is way of showing creativity.
D. It promotes originality.

6. Which of the following is not a characteristic of hypertext?

A. Text flows in a straight line through a book.
B. It acts as a bridge between two basic, opposite, and complementing
elements: free and shortcut.
C. In a hypertext system, the reader is free to navigate information by
exploring the connections provided.
D. Hypertext is very different way of presenting information than the
usual linear form.

7. Which of the following does not describe hypertext?

A. It allows readers to access information particularly suited to their
needs.

NegOr_Q3_RWS_Module4_v2

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 B. It permits the readers to create their own meaning out of the
material given to them and learn better associatively.
C. It is a text displayed on a computer display or other electronic
devices with references to other text that the reader can immediately
access.
D. It is a linear way to present information and is usually
accomplished using “links”.

8. Which of the following statements is not true about hypertext?

A. All textual information is easily presented in a linear form.
B. A hypertext environment gives the learner control over paths of
learning.
C. Hypertext allows readers to analyze information from multiple
perspectives.
D. As the learner uses hypertext, they determine the focus or center of
investigation by choosing to move outside the limits set up by the
author's navigational structure.

9. Which of the following statements is true?

A. Hypertext is usually read in a linear manner.
B. A link may stock the reader to only a brief sentence, to a
paragraph, or to whole pages of new text.
C. User follows a link from its source to its destination, usually by
clicking on source with the mouse.
D. Hypertext refers to "links" on a computer screen that, when
inactivated, will bring the reader immediately to a new site of text,
audio and video.

10. In 1963, the term hypertext was coined by .

A. Ned Nelson B. Ted Jackson
C. Ted Nelson D. Ned Jackson

NegOr_Q3_RWS_Module4_v2
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 GLOSSARY

context - the social, cultural, political, historical, and other related

circumstances that surround the text

hypertext – a nonlinear way of presenting information

intertext - a process of text development that merges two more processes

such as imitation and creation in doing a text

NegOr_Q3_RWS_Module4_v2

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 13
NegOr_Q3_RWS_Module4_v2
Answer Key
Task 1
1. d
2. a
3. c
4. a
5. c
6. b
7. c
8. c
9. d
10. a
Task 2 (Answers may vary)
Task 3 (Answers may vary)
Task 4
Task 5 (Answers may vary)
Task 6 (Answers may vary)
Assessment
1. c
2. b
3. b
4. c
5. d
6. a
7. d
8.a
9.c
10.c
n.d. Accessed December 14, 2021. https://www.elcomblus.com/context-hypertext-and-intertext/.

n.d. Accessed December 14, 2021. https://commons.deped.gov.ph/documents/f8c8d53f-3d35-4dbd-b857-

cc170784e090.

n.d. Accessed December 14, 2021. https://www.google.com/search?8/z=1c1vDKBenD.

Barrot, Jessie S. 2016. Academic Reading and Writing. Cebu City: C and E Publishing, Inc..

Rodriguez, Marella Therese A. Tiongson and Maxine Rafaella C. 2016. Reading and Writing Skills. Manila: Rex Book
Store.

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For inquiries or feedback, please write or call:

Department of Education – Schools Division of Negros Oriental

Kagawasan, Avenue, Daro, Dumaguete City, Negros Oriental

Tel #: (035) 225 2376 / 541 1117

Email Address: negros.oriental@deped.gov.ph
Website: lrmds.depednodis.net

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