Purnells Model

Group 4- BSN 4B
The Purnell Model

for Cultural
Competence
by: Larry Purnell PhD, RN, FAAN
The Purnell Model for
Cultural Competence
defined as an organizing framework that
provides a foundation for nurse
professionals’ understanding of the
patients’ cultural attributes.
12 INTERRALTED DOMAINS
hi im larry
LARRY PURNELL
Larry Purnell is an Emeritus Professor from the University
of Delaware
He is the US Representative to the European Union’s
Commission on Intercultural Communication
He is a Fellow in the American Academy of Nursing, a
Transcultural Nursing Scholar, Luther Christman Fellow,
and is on the Rosa Parks Wall of Fame for Teaching
Tolerance.
He is the author of Transcultural Health Care: A
Culturally Competent Approach.
Culture totality of socially transmitted
Definition of behavioral patterns, arts, beliefs, values,

customs, lifeways, and all other products of
Terms human work and thought characteristics of a
population of people.
Cultural competence has several characteristics

and includes knowledge and skills as well as the
following:
Accepting and respecting cultural differences;
Being open to cultural encounters;
Adapting care to be congruent with the
client's culture;
Demonstrating knowledge and
understanding of the client's culture, health-
related needs, and meanings of health and
illness;
Culture as One progresses from
(a) unconscious incompetence, to
a Process (b) conscious incompetence,
(c) conscious competence , and finally to
(d) unconscious competence
Culture as Cultural self awareness is a deliberate
and conscious cognitive and emotional
a Process process of getting to know oneself:
personality, values, beliefs, professional
knowledge standards, ethics, and the
impact of these factors on the various
roles played when interacting with
individuals different from oneself.
- The way healthcare providers perceive
Culture as themselves is reflected in the way they

communicate with clients. Thus, it is
a Process essential for healthcare professionals to
take time to think about themselves, their
behaviors, and their communication styles in
relation to their perceptions of culture.
- Ethnocentrism may unconsciously

pervade one's attitudes and behavior.
THE PURNELL
MODEL EOR
CULTURAL
COMPETENCE
The Purnell Model was designed as a wholistic
organizing framework with specific questions and a
format for assessing culture that could be used across
disciplines and practice settings
Includes a model and organizing framework that can be

used by all healthcare providers in various disciplines
and settings
PURPOSE
Provide a framework for all healthcare providers to learn

concepts and characteristics of culture
Define circumstances that affect a person's cultural
worldview in the context of historical perspectives
Provide a model that links the most central relationships
of culture
PURPOSE
Interrelate characteristics of culture to promote congruence
and to facilitate the delivery of consciously sensitive and
competent health care
Provide a structure for analyzing cultural data; and view the
individual, family, or group within their unique ethnocultural
environment.
METAPARADIGM
METAPARADIGM
CONCEPTS
METAPARADIGM CONCEPTS
PERSON Being who is constantly adapting to his or her

environment.
In highly individualistic Western cultures, a

person is a separate physical and unique
psychological being and a singular member of
society. The self is separate from others.
In highly collectivist Asian cultures, the

individual is defined in relation to the family.
FAMILY Two or more people who are emotionally

connected.
Do not necessarily, live in close proximity

to each other.
Family structure and roles change,

requiring each person to rethink individual
beliefs and lifeways.
COMMUNITY
The physical, social, and symbolic
characteristics that cause people to
connect.
Sharing a specific language or dialect,

lifestyle, history, dress, art, or musical
interest are symbolic characteristics of a
community
GLOBAL SOCIETY
Global events that are widely disseminated
by television, radio, satellite transmission,
newsprint, and information technology
affect all societies, either directly or
indirectly. Such events create chaos while
consciously and unconsciously forcing
people to alter their lifeways, worldviews,
and acculturation patterns.
12
DOMAINS
OF PURNELL
PURNELL
MODEL
OVERVIEW,
OVERVIEW,
TOPOGRAPHY
COMMUNICATION
FAMILY
FAMILY
ORGANIZATION
WORKFORCE
WORKFORCE
ISSUES
BIOCULTURAL
BIOCULTURAL
ECOLOGY
HIGH-RISK HEALTH
HEALTH
BEHAVIORS
NUTRITION
PREGNANCY
DEATH RITUALS
SPIRITUALITY
HEALTHCARE
HEALTHCARE
PRACTICES
HEALTHCARE
HEALTHCARE
PRACTITIONERS
THE EXPLICIT ASSUMPTIONS UPON
WHICH THE MODEL IS BASED ARE:
All healthcare professions need similar information about cultural
diversity.
All healthcare professions share the metaparadigm concepts of global
society, family, person, and health.
One culture is not better than another culture; they are just different.
Core similarities are shared by all cultures.
Differences exist within, between, and among cultures.
Cultures change slowly over time.
The primary and secondary characteristics of culture determine the
degree to which one varies from the dominant culture.
If clients are coparticipants in their care and have a choice in health-
related goals, plans, and interventions, their compliance and health
outcomes will be improved.
Culture has a powerful influence on one's interpretation of and
responses to health care.
Individuals and families belong to several cultural groups.
Each individual has the right to be respected for his or her uniqueness
and cultural heritage.
Caregivers need both cultural-general and cultural-specific
information in order to provide culturally sensitive and culturally
competent care.
Caregivers who can assess, plan, intervene, and evaluate in a
culturally competent manner will improve the care of clients for
whom they care.
Learning culture is an ongoing process that develops in a variety of
ways, but primarily through cultural encounters (Campinha-Bacote,
2004).
Prejudices and biases can be minimized with cultural understanding.
To be effective, health care must reflect the unique understanding of
the values, beliefs, attitudes, lifeways, and worldview of diverse
populations and individual acculturation patterns.
APPLICATIONS IN NURSING
Learning/Teaching
Administration
Research
THANK YOU!

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Group 4- BSN 4B

The Purnell Model

Definition of behavioral patterns, arts, beliefs, values,

Cultural competence has several characteristics

Culture as themselves is reflected in the way they

- Ethnocentrism may unconsciously

Includes a model and organizing framework that can be

Provide a framework for all healthcare providers to learn

PERSON Being who is constantly adapting to his or her

In highly individualistic Western cultures, a

In highly collectivist Asian cultures, the

FAMILY Two or more people who are emotionally

Do not necessarily, live in close proximity

Family structure and roles change,

Sharing a specific language or dialect,

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