MACHINE FOR CONCRETE

WOLISO POLY TECHNIC COLLEGE

Proposal of Technology
Technology Name-MACHINE FOR CONCRETE

Sector: Economic Infrastructure

Occupation: surveying

June: 2022

BY: BIRHANU MORKA

WOLISO ,Oromia ,Ethiopia

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Contents
Chapter 1.............................................................................................................................................................4
. IntroductionM....................................................................................................................................................4
2. Statement of the problem...............................................................................................................................4
3. Objective of the project...................................................................................................................................5
3.1. General objective..........................................................................................................................................5
3.2. Specific objective..........................................................................................................................................5
4. Significant of the Technology..........................................................................................................................6
5. Description of the Project................................................................................................................................6
6. Scope of the Technology.................................................................................................................................6
7. Methodology...................................................................................................................................................7
Chapter 2.............................................................................................................................................................8
8. Manufacturing Process....................................................................................................................................8
8.1 Constructing..............................................................................................................................................8
8.2 Final Assembly / Finishing..........................................................................................................................9
8.3 Maintenance............................................................................................................................................10
9. Economic Feasibility..................................................................................................................................10
10. Value Chain..................................................................................................................................................11
10.1 Current system (As is)............................................................................................................................11
Value chain analysis of current system..........................................................................................................11
10.2 Proposed system (To be).......................................................................................................................11
10.3 Gap analysis...........................................................................................................................................11
11. Design of the Project...................................................................................................................................12
11.1 Detail drawing...........................................................................................................................................12
11.2 Assembling drawing...............................................................................................................................13
11.3 Three dimensional drawing...................................................................................................................13
12. Resource and estimated budget..................................................................................................................14
12.1 Tools, Equipments& Machineries..........................................................................................................14
12.2 Raw Materials........................................................................................................................................15
12.3 Cost Estimated.......................................................................................................................................15
13. Technical competence.................................................................................................................................15
14. Safety & Instruction.....................................................................................................................................16

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15. Conclusion...................................................................................................................................................16
16. Recommendation........................................................................................................................................16
1. Frame Construction...................................................................................................................................16
2. Building Support........................................................................................................................................16
3. Improvements & Additions........................................................................................................................16
4. Industrial Artwork......................................................................................................................................16
17. Schedule......................................................................................................................................................17
18. Reference....................................................................................................................................................17

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Chapter 1
. Introduction
No construction is possible without blocks. Since many centuries block making has been practiced by
human beings. Presently, blocks are easily made by using machines using new technologies.
Generally two types of blocks are manufactured by using machines that are concrete block machines
and clay block machines. Different types of automatic machines use different techniques to make
blocks. The raw materials used by the machines for making hollow blocks are fly ash, sand lime, iron
oxide, lime sludge, quarry wastes etc.
The focus of this project is on the production of concrete blocks, specifically hollow blocks which
offer a speedier, cost effective, environmentally sound alternative to conventional walling materials.
It is based on the principle of densification of a lean concrete mix to make a regular shape, unifoBirr,
high perfo Birrance masonry unit. Concrete Block Technology can be easily adapted to suit special
needs of users by modifying some design parameters such as mix proportion, water to cement ratio
and type of production system.
It is an effective means of utilizing wastes generated by stone crushers, quarrying and stone
processing units. The technology has high potential in areas where raw materials area asily available.
The new technique in producing this interlock block can generate a highly profitable business for
micro and small scale building material producers and construction companies.
The market for this type of block in Malaysia is not yet growing at a rapid rate, even though there are
demands in construction industries due to low production rate which reflect the cost of block itself

2. Statement of the problem

Today in our country the problems of homeless have been increasing gradually and it appear tobe
continue the main reason for the cause will be higher cost of construction raw materials,poverty, low
income and lack of new technology.Since the government of Ethiopia focus to build thousands of low
cost house throughout thecountry, to meet the millennium development goals and achieve significant
reduction in povertythe introduction of compacted block making machine must be
essential.Nowadays providing house to our community at an affordable price is a major task being

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carriedout by our government and real state organizations. Hollow blocks and burnt blocks are
acolossal input for the construction of those low cost houses, but the currently in use hollow block
and burned block construction materials in our country are expensive and take long time to
manufacture and construct, which makes the selling price of those hoses expensive and take long
time to manufacture and construct, which makes the selling price of those hoses expensive and
take long time to manufacture and construct, which makes the selling price of those hoses
expensive and unaffordable for the medium income society. In addition to this those construction
materials has the following drawbacks:
High moisture penetration
Low the Birral efficiency
Difficulties for electric & plumbing jobs insects
cost inefficiency bad finishes
It is difficult to produce on site
higher cost & time consuming
Water absorption
Higher unit weight
Lowcontrol over quality

3. Objectiveof the project.

3.1. General objective

The main objective of this project is to design a new blocks making machine with new featuresand
simplifying the machine for one man operation in order to reduce operational costand maximize the
production rate. FurtheBirrore, the purpose of this is to design the Hollowblocks making machine that
suitable for SME entrepreneurs.

3.2. Specific objective

To bring building construction of low cost houses effective, easier and faster using theCBMM
To achieve superior finishes and compatible for almost all types of construction.
To have on site production to reduce transportation cost and to minimize ecologicalimbalance
caused due to burnt blocks.
General it aims high strength and technical superiority over conventional methods.
To achieve lighter than conventional masonry and hollow blocks save no mortar &plaster cost

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4. Significant of the Technology

This general purpose machine for concrete are used for metalworking, woodworking requires the
use of blocket machine. This machine for concrete is small, yet they simplify and organize every
project. For example, if you want to connect four piece of metal to make weld to gather, you will
need this tool to provide pressure to keep them together.

5. Description of the Project

This general purpose machine fo concrete are designed to join or tighten or to press two or
more parts together so as to hold them firmly. Any of various instruments or appliances
having parts brought together for holding or compressing something.

6. Scope of the Technology

The scope of project is clearly define the specific field of the research and ensure that the entire
Content of this thesis is confined the scope. This project is start with the literature review
On product specification in order to satisfy the project objectives. After obtaining the product
Specification, this project is done base on the scope Project will focus on hollow block making
machine Designing the inter-locking block making machine that fulfill the project objective.
Machine design to suit the regular hollow blocks
The scope of work can be described in teBirrs of flowchart as per the following.
Technology
 Value chain is developed
 Blue print is also prepared
 Feasibility of the technology is conducted
 Manufacturing process prepared
KAIZEN
 Working space is organized and cleanliness is maintained
 Prepare layout of machine based on production is made.
 Production materials are used economically.
 Scraps are collected and stored for sell.
Tested project is improved based on the customers’ feedback ATIA)

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7. Methodology
This chapter consists of methods for completing product development activities. The applied
methods, which are well-structured, provide a step-by-step approach to complete the task
Ofthis project. Based on these methodologies, there are three advantages expected.
Firstly, the decision processes is completely made, reducing the possibility of moving
Forwardwith unsupported decisions. Secondly, by acting as“check list” of the key steps in a
development activity and ensure that the important issues arenot forgotten. Third, these structured
methods are largely self-documenting; in the process ofexecuting the method, the record of the
decision-making process can be used for futurereference.
Figure 3.1 show the flow chart for completing this project
Start

kkkkkkkkk
Identifying customer

Establishing target specification

Concept generation

Concept selection

Setting final specification

Product architecture

Finish

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Chapter 2

8. Manufacturing Process
8.1 Constructing

For construction of these machine , the following materials are must needed:

   4 pieces of flat metal bar. 2 are significant, and other 2 are small in size

   A ruler

 Cutting torch

Welding Machine

  Grinder

Bolt and nut

Washer

Safety Equipment

   Hand gloves

   Face shield

Goggles

 Fire extinguisher etc.

Step 1: Marking the length  

Cut four pieces of small thin tubes with the right measurement. The tube thickness will be in a way
that one of them can get into another one.

The big and small pieces should be the same as together. Put the large two pieces in parallel position
and small two pieces in the two sides so that it looks like a rectangle shape.

Step 2: Cutting the flat strip in Small Ones

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Now put the two big tubes alongside on the ground and mark the length of your choice. Mark two
times so that you can get 4 pieces of metal tubes. Now place one of the tubes on the wooden bar then
and hold it with your one hand.

Then cut the marked area properly, and you will get 4 pieces of same-sized tubes.

Step 3: Drilling for Joints and Welding

Place the four same sized tubes alongside and marked them a little away from the edge. After that,
make a hole in 4 of them at the marked area with a drill machine.

Step 4: Making angle (900) shaped

Take one of theplace in one corner where the angle is made—welding them properly.

Step 5: Finishing

The angles already look likes angle (900) shape.

Grind the area properly so any roughness may be removed

8.2 Final Assembly / Finishing

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8.3 Maintenance
One of the best ways to keep your machine in good use is to check them every now and then
and give them a good once-over. Once or twice a year, rub paste wax on your machine
concrete especially on the metal bar.

Keep all moving parts of machine and keep tools clean to prevent slippage.

Also make sure there is no dirt or oil on any part that will come into contact with the work.

9. Economic Feasibility
9.1 Benefit of the project

Social benefit

Employment

9.2 Cost benefit

Affordability, import replacement

9.3 Environmental Friend

Environmental friendly,

Safe and durable for long term use.

10. Value Chain

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10.1 Current system (As is)

Value chain analysis of current system

Resource
selection Measuri Assembli Finishing Marke
Design
Material ng & ng ting
&develop
cutting
ment

-Details -select -lay out, -Cutting -Grind Direct

drawing - proper cutting & metal bar -Painting selling
3D drawing material filling -Welding

10.2 Proposed system (To be)

Input Preparation Producing Process Assembly Components

Finishing Products

- Research Measuring -Cutting Metal bar - Welding Grind Clamp

-Development - Lay out -Re cutting in process
-Design process design -
-Material -cutting - ewing
selection
- Etc
10.3 Gap analysis

Increase Speed

Fast action

Small in size

Low cost

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11. Design of the Project

11.1 Detail drawing

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11.2 Assembling drawing

11.3
Three

dimensional drawing

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12. Resource
and estimated budget
12.1 Tools, Equipments &Machineries
No. Item Quantity Specification
1 Welding machine 1pc Standard
2 Tape rule /meter 1 pc 50cm

3 Work bench 1 pc Standard

4 Hammer 1 pc Standard

5 Try square 1 pc Standard

6 File 1 pc Standard

7 Brush 1 pc Standard

8 Spray 1 pc Standard

12.2 Raw Materials

Specification
No Material Unit quantity Unit cost Total cost

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1 Flat Strip 40cmx1.0cmx5cm Meter o.8m 133 133

2 Washer 50 Diameter pcs 50mdiametr 20 20

3 Bolt and nut 8 diameter Pcs 2 15 30

5 Angle Iron 30x30 cm Meter 0.2m 23 23

6 Paint Metal paint Gallon 1/20 20 20

Total = 226 birr

12.3 Cost Estimated

Total material cost = 226Br
Labour cost = 226*15% = 33.9 Br
Overhead expense = 226*10% =22.6 Br
Production cost = 282.5Br
Profit = 282.5* 10% = 28.25Br

Selling price = 310.75Br

13. Technical competence

 Interpret Working Drawings And Sketches
 Carryout Measurement And simple Calculations
 Perform Welding
 Apply Quality Standards
 Work in team environment
 Participate In Workplace Communication Work In Team Environment
 Apply smooth finish paint by brush & spray
 Develop Business Practice

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14. Safety & Instruction

Use safety equipment before starting the processof making these Machine.

Wearing these items will not only make things safe and sound but also will give you proper
comfortable environment to start it without worries.

Always use a piece of scrap wood between the clamp jaws and wooden parts to prevent destructive
the part.

Do not over tighten the clamp. Over tightening can damage the machine

15. Conclusion
General purpose machine concrete is equipment used in woodworking or metalworking projects to
keep pieces of wood or metal securely in place so that you can join them together permanently. It will
make sure the work pieces are secured tightly so they do not move around and create problems for
you while you are working on them.

16. Recommendation
Machine concrete has a flat surface and rectangular face making it extremely versatile for a variety of
projects. Here are four key uses for flat bar:

1. Frame Construction
Flat bars are easily cut to length and drilled or welded into place for framework. Because metal bars
are durable, and can withhold the construction weight, they are frequently used for this purpose.

2. Building Support
Flat bar is a basic of building support materials. They are generally used for support braces, ladder
hangers, duct work, overhead doors, heaters and bracing.

3. Improvements & Additions

Flat bars aren’t only used during the building stages – they can be used post-construction to reinforce
existing structures. Flat bars are easily cut and formed to fit, replace or support materials already in
place.

4. Industrial Artwork

Flat bars are a popular choice for industrial artist and craftsmen who work on large-scale industrial
pieces.

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17. Schedule

Activities Implementation dates

NO

16/06814

19/08/14

25/08/14

26/08/14
11/08/14

16/08/14

18/08/14

20/08/14

01/08/14

03/08/14

05/08/14

06/08/14

17/08/14

26/08/14
04/0814
1 Identifying Problem
2 Preparing Value chain.
3 Preparing Value chain of best
practice
4 Select SME that Duplicate
technology
5 Preparing blue print
6 Design
7 Prepare model
8 Test technology
9 Prepare Manual

10 Give training on Technology for

SME’s
11 Transferring Technology

18. Reference
[1] H.C. Sumpf, Block Machine, United States Patent Office, Application December 16, 1946,
Serial No. 716,564, Cl. 25-41.
[2] Judson A. Hereford, Block making apparatus, United States patent, Application January
1991, Serial No. 636,726, Cl. B29C 43/00.
[3] Nicholas Lyons and C.K George, Inverter for block mold, United States Patent,
Application February 1989, Serial No. 313,067, Cl. B28B 5/02.
[4] Vernon C. Duff, Machine for manufacturing hollow concrete blocks, Application July 1928,
Serial No. 293,882.Teaching material on machine design. Lecture notes of machine elements and
machine design courses by jose’M. Dominguez estupinan, Mech.eng.andatoMekonen
Gebreslasie.

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[5] Mechanical Engineering Shigley’s Mechanical Engineering Design, Eighth Edition Text: by
Budynas−Nisbett.R.S. KhuBirri, J.K. Gupta, a text book of machine design, 2002, 13th edition.

[6] Brallajamesg.”Handbook of product design for manufacturing: a practical guide to low cost
production, ”mc garw hill 1986 USA

[7] Fraenkelpl”waterlifiting devices for irrigation and draninage,”fao, rome 1986

[ 8] Helsel jay d, ceciljensen”engineering drawing and design,” 5th edition glencoe/mc graw
hill USA, 1996

[9] Kreith frank “the crc handbook of mechanical engineering, 1st edition crc press USA 1998

[10] KhuBirri r s, gupta j k:”a text book of machine design,”13th edition, eurasia publishing
house (pvt) ltd, ran nagar, new delhi, 2002.

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