IPMS, KMU

Bioethics (3rd Semester)MLT (Evening)

Final-term Paper

Multiple Choice Questions (Time = 90 minutes) Calculators are allowed to use by the students

Name___________________________ Roll #: _____________________________

b. False
1) Manipulating research materials, 6) Ethical considerations apply throughout
equipment, or processes, or changing or the ______________
omitting data or results such that the a. Research misconduct
research is not accurately represented b. Research process
in the research record c. Research data collection
a. Plagiarism d. Research Sampling
b. Falsification 7) Internationally known ‘unethical
c. Fabrication research scandals’ include:
d. None of the above a. Nazi experiments
2) the appropriation of another person’s b. The Tuskegee Syphilis study
ideas, processes, results, or words c. Thalidomide experiments
without giving appropriate credit d. All of the above
a. Plagiarism e. Both a and b
b. Falsification 8) Nazi experiments give rise to the
c. Fabrication following guidelines
d. None of the above a. Helsinki declaration
3) Research misconduct does not include b. CIOMS
a. Honest error c. Nuremberg trials
b. Differences of opinion d. Nazi guidelines
c. References 9) Nuremberg code also known as
d. Both A and B a. Nazi trials
4) Once research misconduct has been b. Tuskegee code
identified, all parties involved in the c. Doctor trials
research must take responsibility to d. None of the above
resolve the situation, including: 10) The Number of guidelines in Nuremberg
a. The principal investigator, Code were:
b. Co-investigators, a. 11
c. The institution hosting the b. 15
research, c. 8
d. The funding agency d. 10
e. All of the above 11) The only weak point of Nuremberg code
5) Plagiarism is the act of passing off was _______________
somebody else’s ideas, thoughts, a. The self-regulation of Nazi
pictures, theories, words, or stories as scientists
your own. b. The self-regulation of
a. True Americans
 c. The self-regulation of 17) Research data are used for the
researchers following purposes:
d. None of the above a. to confirm or reject hypotheses,
12) The declaration of Helsinki was b. to identify new areas of
developed by the following: investigation
a. World Medical Association c. to guide the development of
b. World Health Organization new investigative techniques
c. World Research Association d. All of the above
d. None of the above 18) Respect for Persons incorporates at
13) Research which permits the generation least two fundamental ethical
of knowledge that may benefit future considerations
generations but which is unlikely to a. Respect for person and Dignity
benefit those involved b. Respect for person and
a. Therapeutic research Informed consent
b. Non Therapeutic research c. Respect for person and
c. None of the above protections of persons
14) Research which offers participants an d. None of the above
opportunity to receive an experimental 19) A substantial incapacity to protect one’s
treatment that may have beneficial own interests owing to such
effects impediments as lack of capability to
a. Therapeutic research give informed consent
b. Non Therapeutic research a. Vulnerability
c. None of the above b. Vulnerable individuals
15) The Report in 1979 from the National c. Unprotected individuals
Commission for the Protection of d. None of the above
Human Subjects of Biomedical and 20) The three elements of informed
Behavioral Research was consent are
a. Belmont Report a. Respect, Trust and Honesty
b. Berlin Report b. Respect for person, Protection
c. CIOMS and Complete Truth
d. None of the above c. Information, Comprehension
16) Data should be retained for a and Voluntary participation
reasonable period of time to allow d. None of the above
other researchers to check results or to 21) The beneficence in health research
use the data for other purposes. ethics means
However, adopted data-retention time a. Maximize risks and minimize
periods is: benefits
a. between 2 and 5 years b. Maximize benefits and
b. between 4 and 7 years minimize risks
c. between 7 and 10 years c. Maximize good practices and
d. between 3 and 7 years minimize harmful practices
d. None of the above
22) Justice in health research can be 27) Ethical data collection refers to
achieved by collecting data in a way that does not
a. Sound methods selection for harm or injure someone.
research data collection a. True
b. Fair procedures and outcomes b. False
in the selection of research 28) Under which condition, researchers
participants must carry out the research as planned
c. Fair selection of research design and submit reports, but control of the
d. None of the above data remains with the institution that
23) A person having control over the received the funds.
extent, timing, and circumstances of a. Contracts
sharing oneself (physically, behaviorally, b. Grants
or intellectually) with others is known c. Financial support
as d. None of the above
a. Confidentiality 29) Under which condition, the researcher
b. Privacy to deliver a product or service, which is
c. Justice then usually owned and controlled by
d. None of the above the government.
24) ____________ refers to maintenance of a. Contracts
the researcher’s agreement with the b. Grands
participant about how the participant’s c. Financial support
identifiable private information will be d. None of the above
handled, managed, and disseminated. 30) Data protection is important for the
a. Confidentiality following purpose:
b. Privacy a. To confirm research findings
c. Justice b. T establish priority
d. None of the above c. To be reanalyzed by other
25) Privacy applies to the _________ and researchers
confidentiality applies to d. All of the above
______________. 31) The process of deciding whose names
a. Researcher, participants belong on a research paper is known as
b. Person, data a. Referencing
c. Scientist, software b. Authorship
d. None of the above c. Acknowledgement
26) Beneficence is a principle used d. All of the above
frequently in research ethics. It means 32) By putting down names of people who
a. Minimize benefits took little or no part in the research.
b. Maximize benefits This type of authorship is
c. Minimize risks a. Ghost authorship
d. doing good b. Gift authorship
c. Friend authorship
d. All of the above
33) By leaving out names of people who did
take part in the research. This type of
authorship is
a. Ghost authorship
b. Gift authorship
c. Friend authorship
d. All of the above
34) ICMJE stands for
a. International Conference on
Medical Journal Editors
b. International Certificate on
Medical Journal Editors
c. International Committee of
Medical Journal Editors
35) Who takes primary responsibility for
communication with the journal during
the manuscript submission, peer
review, and publication process?
a. Principle author
b. First author
c. Complementary author
d. Corresponding author
36) The process in which an author (or
authors) submits a written manuscript
or article to a journal for publication
and the journal editor distributes the
article to experts working in the same,
or similar, scientific discipline.
a. Critical appraisal
b. Peer review
c. Group analysis
d. All of the above
37) Your 36-year-old patient has just tested c. The commitment to include
positive for HIV. He asks that you not patients in event
inform his wife of the results and claims d. All of the above
he is not ready to tell her yet. What 40) what is beneficence?
would you say to your patient? a. to act in the best interest of
a. Encourage the patient to share researcher
the information with his wife on b. to act in the best interest of
his own, giving him a bit more others
time if necessary. c. to act in the best interest of
b. Tell the patient that his wife is financer
at serious risk for being infected d. None of the above
with HIV, and that you have a 41) what is justice?
duty to ensure that she knows a. being honest
of the risk. b. being smart
c. Tell the patient that public c. being trustful
health law requires reporting d. being fair
both the patient and any known 42) the term non-maleficence means
sexual partners to local health a. duty to do no good
officers. b. duty to do no beneficial
d. All the above. a. duty to do no harm
38) A 5-year-old child has just had his b. None of the above
second generalized tonic-clonic seizure 43) The history of ethical regulations
in a 4-month period. You have governing research on human subjects
recommended starting an research began with the:
anticonvulsant. The parents have a. Nuremburg Code
concerns about the recommended b. Declaration of Helsinki
medication and would prefer to wait c. Common Rule
and see if their son has more seizures. d. Belmont Report
How should you respond to the parents’ 44) The Belmont Report describes three
request? basic principles relevant to research on
a. Obtain an ethics consultation. human subjects. Those three principles
b. Obtain a court order to treat are:
the child. a. Respect for persons, informed
c. Report the case as child abuse. consent, and IRB review
d. Fully inform the parents, and b. Justice, beneficence, and special
should they refuse to give considerations for vulnerable
anticonvulsants to the child, the populations
physician should abide by the c. Respect for persons, beneficence,
parents’ decision. and IRB review
39) what is autonomy? d. Respect for persons, beneficence,
a. The commitment to include and justice
patients in decisions e. Beneficence, justice, and IRB review
b. The commitment to include
patients in finances
45) Which of the following is NOT required 49) Which of the following is not
on an informed consent form? considered to be an example of
a. The purpose of the research scientific misconduct?
b. A description of benefits that a. Fabrication of data
may be reasonably expected b. Authorship on a project that
from the research you did not work on
c. A statement that participation c. Plagiarism
is voluntary 50) Populations are considered vulnerable
d. A list of all personnel who will because they:
be involved in the research a. Are dependent on others
46) Kelly is a cognitive psychologist. He b. Have a compromised capacity
proposes to recruit undergraduate for free consent
students for a computer based study c. Are at greater risk than the
about the effect of mood states on average individual for harm
problem-solving performance. d. All the above
a. This is human subject research 51) All of the following are vulnerable
b. This is NOT human subject populations EXCEPT:
research a. Minority
47) Minimal risk research b. Elderly
a. Poses zero risk of harm c. College populations
b. Is no riskier than normal d. None of the above
activities of daily life 52) When vulnerable populations are the
c. Is risk that is judged target population of a research project,
“acceptable” after informed consent should be obtained
consideration is given to the from:
potential benefits of the a. No informed consent is
research necessary
48) Informed consent requires that b. The participant and their
individuals parent or legal guardian
a. Be legally competent to give c. The participant
informed consent d. The parent or legal guardian of
b. Have adequate information the participant
about the procedures and 53) Confidentiality is used to protect a
benefits associated with the participant’s privacy by:
research a. Not sharing the name of the
c. Be informed of any risks that participant
might lead them to decide that b. Not sharing any data collected
they do not want to participate from the participant
d. All of the above are true c. Only sharing information with
individuals who the participant
has been made aware and
agreed to let view information.
d. All the above
 54) Anonymity is when a participant does 60) An ethical principle stating that one
not give a researcher: should do good and prevent or avoid
a. Their name doing harm.
b. Confidential material a. Beneficence
c. Identifying characteristics b. Non-maleficence
d. Both A and C c. Ethics
e. Both A and B d. Adolescent
55) Confidentiality and anonymity are 61) Implies a duty not to inflict harm, to
important to insure limited risk of abstain from injuring others to help
exposure of information including: others further their own well being by
a. Sexual orientation removing harm
b. Health status e. Value
c. Illegal behaviors f. Non- malefecience
d. All the above g. Norms
h. Social justice
Note: For MCQ 61 and 62:
62) Personal freedom and right to make
Which of the following elements suggest that a choices
project poses greater than minimal risk? i. Ethics
j. Autonomy
56) Participants will be asked to recall a list k. altruism
of words l. deontology
a. minimal risk 63) the study of ethical problems resulting
b. greater than minimal risk from scientific advances
57) Participants will be asked to consume a a) research
beverage that will contain an unknown b) life
dose of alcohol (1 drop, 1 oz, 2 oz, or 3 c) analysis
oz) d) Bioethics
a. minimal risk 64) Turnitin software is used to detect
b. greater than minimal risk a. Plagiarism
58) The term describes to tell the truth. 65) SPSS stands for
a. Ethics a. Statistical package for social
b. Veracity sciences
c. Value
59) An ethical principle stating the duty not
to inflict harm.
a. Life
b. Beneficence
c. Social justice
d. Non-maleficence