ASC 320 (1) Urban Sociology
ASC 320 (1) Urban Sociology
ASC 320 (1) Urban Sociology
0798836363
KENYATTA UNIVERSITY
DEPARTMENT OF SOCIOLOGY
P.O BOX 43844 – 00100
NAIROBI, KENYA
BY
2. MR. S. K. GATANG’I
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LESSON 1
1.1 Introduction
This is our first urban sociology lesson. We shall expose ourselves to the meaning of urban
sociology as an academic field and concepts related to the understanding of the discipline. This is
important for it is aimed at exciting your quest for deeper understanding of urban phenomena
especially urban sociology. We shall introduce you the concept of urban sociology, new urban
sociology, urbanization, metropolitan region and sociospatial approach .The purpose of this lesson
is to enable you appreciate sociology is keeping abreast with the changing landscape of
urbanization.
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participant of the interactions. Consequently, in addition to the traditional urban sociology, new
urban sociology has three fundamental dimensions:
The shift to a global perspective
Attention to political economy of pull factors in urban areas
And an appreciation of cultural force
E-tivity 1.2.1 - Urban sociology
Brief summary of overall task Read this video and explain what is urban sociology
Spark
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1.2.2 Urbanization.
Urbanization is the process whereby a sizeable percentage of a population lives in densely populated
urban centers away from rural areas. This particular process inevitably effects changes in the
social, economic, political and cultural arrangements of society. Archaeological evidence suggests
that these cultural changes began over 6000 years ago in the Middle East. The causal factors for
the emergence of cities are not just the need for trade but deliberate conscious efforts of humans‘
beings because cities were spaces endowed with special social meaning.
E-tivity -1.2.2 Urbanization.
Brief summary of overall task Watch this video and explain the concept of urbanization
Spark
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Interaction begins 1. Name one early city and describe how it was built
using symbolic codes.
2. What is one difference between classical and medieval
cities?
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Brief summary of Watch this video and differentiate cities from metropolitan region
overall task
Spark
Individual task Explain the main differences between cities and metropolitan
regions
Interaction begins 1. Discuss the emergence of metropolitan regions
Do this on the discussion forum 1.2.3
E-moderator 1. Ensure that learners are focused on the contents and context of
interventions discussion.
2. Stimulate further learning and generation of new ideas.
3. Provide feedback on the learning progress.
4. Closing the e-tivity
Schedule and time This task should take two hours
This is a new paradigm that sheds light on the interaction between built environment and society.
Urban space is not only a container of social relations but an active participant in giving meaning to
the urban space. Social factors such as age, ethnicity, race and gender structure our interactions in
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Spark
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1.4 E-References
1 Mumford L (1938) The Culture of Cities. Harcourt Brace: New York. Google Scholar
2 Glaeser, E., & Gottlieb, J. (2006). Urban resurgence and the consumer city. Urban Studies,
43(8), 1275–1299. [Crossref], [Web of Science ®], [Google Scholar
3 Glaeser EL and Steinberg BM (2017) Transforming cities: Does urbanization promote
democratic change? Regional Studies; 51 (1): 58–68.
4 OECD. (2012) Redefining "Urban‖: A New Way to Measure Metropolitan Areas. OECD
Publishing: Paris, France.
5 K. LynchThe Image of the City MIT Press, Cambridge, MA (1960) Google Scholar
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LESSON TWO
ORIGINS OF URBAN SOCIOLOGY
1.1 Introduction
In this second lesson, we are going to reflect on the origins of urban sociology as an academic field
of study. It is important to know the factors that triggered the emergence of urban sociology as a
specialized area of study. In doing so we shall survey the rise of urban civilizations, the rise of
industrial towns and theories of urban sociology.
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Brief summary of overall task Watch these videos 1video, 2 and then explain the role
of political revolutions in the development of sociology.
Spark
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Brief summary of overall task Watch these videos video, and then explain the rise of
the industrial city
Spark
Individual task Explain the central role of the French revolution in the
emergence of sociology in Europe.
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Brief summary of overall task Watch these video and then explain Origins of urban
sociology
Spark
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Brief summary of overall task Watch these video 1 & 2 and read this document then
explain the role theory in urban sociology
Spark
1. What was the Chicago School‘s approach to the study of urban life called?
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a) urban reserve
b) urban ecology
c) urban economics
d) urban sociology
2. Mechanical solidarity and organic solidarity are concepts introduced by which theorist?
a) Emile Durkheim
b) Amos Hawley
c) Immanuel Wallerstein
d) Mark Gottdiener
3. The ecological approach to urban sociology involved studying:
a) how social groups colonized different areas of the city and competed for resources
b) the forms of wildlife and natural habitats that could be found on the edges of the city
c) the way in which people organized collective protests about environmental issues
d) how men and women used the city's public spaces differently
2.4 E-References
1 Nawratek, K. (Ed.). (2017). Urban re-industrialization. Brooklyn: Punctum Books. Google
Scholar
2 Burgess, Ernest. 1925. ―The Growth of the City.‖ Pp. 47–62 in The City, edited by R. Park and
E.Burgess. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
3 Chandler, Tertius and Gerald Fox. 1974. 3000 Years of Urban History. New York: Academic
Press.Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall.
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4 Park, Robert. 1936. ―Human Ecology.‖ American Journal of Sociology 42:1–Sjoberg, Gideon.
1965. The Preindustrial City: Past and Present. New York: Free Press
5 Dodman, D., Leck, H., Rusca, M., And Colenbrander, S., 2017. African Urbanisation And
Urbanism: Implications ForRisk Accumulation And Reduction. International Journal Of
Disaster Risk Reduction. 26. 7-15
LESSON THREE
URBAN SOCIOLOGY TODAY
3.1 Introduction
In this third lesson we are ready to look at urban sociology as it appears today. You are expected to
look at the conceptual shift from the Chicago school to the present involving the current emphasis
on the nexus between global capitalism and emergence of metropolitan regions. We shall purposely
reflect on the political economy of cities, the role of political economy and development of cities
and finally sketch an understanding of the sociospatial approach to the study of urban sociology.
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Spark
Brief summary of overall task Watch these video and then explain urban political
economy
Spark
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sociology. It achieves this by incorporating the following; pull and push factors, the role of real
estate, politics and culture. Significantly is its understanding of cities not as containers of social
relations but as a constituent part of the interaction that produces the urban culture.
E-tivity 3.2.3: The sociospatial approach
Numbering, pacing and sequencing 3.2.3
Brief summary of overall task Watch these videos 1video, 2 and then explain the role
of political revolutions in the development of sociology.
Spark
Individual task 1. How did the Chicago School neglect the role of
capitalism and the role of government in urban
development? Use the sociospatial perspective
to critique them.
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True or False
5 The peak of urban life today is represented by what is called megalopolis. _____
6 The development of modern cities has had an enormous impact on pattern of thought and
Feelings. __________
3.4E-References
1. Lin, J., & Mele, C. (Eds.). (2012). The urban sociology reader. Abingdon: Routledge.
Google Scholar
2. Baohua, L. L. G. (2006). A study on the theory of the livable city. Urban Studies, 2, 16.
Google Scholar
3. Brenner, N., Marcuse, P., & Mayer, M. (Eds.). (2012). Cities for people, not for profit:
Critical urban theory and the right to the city. London: Routledge. Google Scholar
4. Marcuse, P. (2009). From critical urban theory to the right to the city. City, 13(2–3), 185–
197. Google Scholar
5. Van Noorloos, F., et al., 2017. Urban Studies.
6. OECD. (2012) Redefining "Urban‖: A New Way to Measure Metropolitan Areas. OECD
Publishing: Paris, France.
7. OECD. (2015) The Metropolitan Century. OECD Publishing: Paris, France.
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LESSON IV
SUBURBANIZATION, GLOBALIZATION, AND THE EMERGENCE OF THE
METROPOLITAN REGION
1.1 Introduction.
Welcome to lesson four on the interplay between globalization and the emergence of metropolitan
regions. Ladies and gentlemen, this is an important section because it will expose us to the global
nature of our current cities. Growing urbanization has often led to the physical expansion of cities,
where urban cores are now characterized by the deconcentration and restructuring of settlement
space across the multicentered metropolitan region (MCMR) with which they share infrastructure,
housing and workplaces, creating new functional urban areas that go beyond the traditional
administrative boundaries.
4.2 Lesson Learning Outcomes
By the end of the lesson, you will be able to:
4.2.1 Distinguish structure and agency in the history of suburbanization
4.2.2 Explain the role of Real estate and state subsidies
4.2.3 Illustrate deindustrialization and globalization
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The decision to live outside the city by individual citizens provoking the development of
metropolitan regions is the so called agent-side while the development of metropolitan region in
response to the quest of special interests, especially networks of capitalist investors aided by allies
in government that promote development to acquire profits is the structure-side of suburbanization.
E-tivity 4.2.1 : Structure and agency in the history of suburbanization
Numbering, pacing and sequencing 4.2.1
Title Structure and agency in the history of suburbanization
Purpose To explain Structure and agency in the history of
suburbanization
Brief summary of overall task Watch this video and illustrate structure and agency in
suurbanization
Spark
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Real estate, encompassing housing, land and commercial property, is a key driver of
the urban economy—in terms of economic development, the distribution of opportunities across
space and through the evolution of the local built environment. These processes coupled by
government subsidies have an impact on the emergence of metropolitan regions.
Spark
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1 The movement of people from central cities to smaller communities in the surrounding area is
known as...
2 Which among the following meaning is closest to the term ‗ over urbanisation;
c. rapid urbanisation
d. emergence of megalopolis.
4.4 E-References
1. Calzada I (2017) Metropolitan and city-regional politics in the urban age: why does ―(smart)
devolution‖ matter?. Palgrave Communications. 3:17094 doi: 10.1057/palcomms.2017.94
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2. Acuto M (2009) Global cities as actors: A rejoinder to Calder and de Freytas. SAIS Review
of International Affairs; 29 (2): 175–178.
3. Cox KR (2010) The problem of metropolitan governance and the politics of scale. Regional
Studies; 44 (2): 215–227
4. Fricke C and Gualini E (2017) Metropolitan regions as contested spaces: The discursive
construction of metropolitan space in comparative perspective. Territory, Politics,
Governance; 6 (1): 1–23. Google Scholar
5. allbé J-J, Magre J and Tomàs M (2015) Being metropolitan: The effects of individual and
contextual factors on shaping metropolitan identity. Journal of Urban Affairs: 1–18.
6. Walker D (2010) ‗Metropolitanisation‘ in economic development: Exclusion and
marginalization through the dominance of national policies. An English perspective. Regions
Magazine; 279 (1): 14–15. Google Scholar
7. Ortiz PB (2014) The Art of Shaping the Metropolis. McGraw-Hill Education: New York.
Google Scholar
8.
LESSON V
URBAN DEVELOPMENT IN WESTERN EUROPE
5.1 Introduction
Ladies and gentlemenwelcome to our fifth lesson which is on urbanization in Europe.
European countries have been experiencing a decrease in urbanization in the recent
past.These trends interact with one another to produce multicentered metropolitan
regions similar to those found in the United States. The pattern of urban change is not
consistent or uniform across all of the nations in the Eurozone. Some countries, such
as the United Kingdom have experienced decentralization of the population away
from the large urban centers. In this lesson we shall sample United Kingdom,
Germany and Spain.
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5.2.2 Germany
Germany is considered an economic hub of the European Union. Berlin, the capital city, is the
largest urban center in Germany, with a population of some 5.2 million persons—almost twice that
of Hamburg, the second largest .This a second case of primate city in Europe the same as London.
E-tivity 5.2.2: Germany
Numbering, pacing and sequencing 5.2.2
Title Germany
Purpose To enable you to explain contemporary urbanization in
Germany
Brief summary of overall task Watch this video and then illustrate the meaning of
culture
Spark
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5.2.3 Spain
In the Middle Ages Cities in Spain was the envy of other European powers. For centuries Córdoba
was the largest city in the world, by then the capital city of the Moorish empire. In the 1500s,
Catholic Spain rose to world dominance, and millions of dollars of wealth poured into the country
from colonies in the Americas and Asia. But the wealth generated by this mercantilist empire did
not produce a well-developed
urban system, nor did it lead to industrialization in the 1700s and 1800s. Consequently Spain is one
of the least urbanized countries in Europe.
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Spark
1. Which of the following cities has not experienced significant urban unrest since 2000?
a) London, UK
b) Sydney, Australia
c) Paris, France
d) All of them have
2. What is urban recycling?
a) renovating inner-city buildings for occupation by the middle classes
b) a new domestic waste reduction strategy for inner-city areas
c) councils buying up cheap housing to turn into commercial developments
d) refurbishing old buildings and finding new uses for previously used land
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3. Saskia Sassen‘s 1991 book, The Global City compared 3 cities. Which ones?
a) New York, London, Paris
b) London, Mumbai, Karachi
c) New York, London, Tokyo
d) London, Moscow, Toronto
4. Which regions of the world currently have the highest and lowest proportions, respectively,
of population living in cities?
a) Highest: Asia; Lowest: Africa
b) Highest: Europe; Lowest: Oceania
c) Highest: North America; Lowest: Africa
d) Highest: Europe; Lowest: Africa
5. Class segregation was apparent in mid-twentieth century Britain insofar as:
a) middle class owner-occupiers moved into the inner city through gentrification
b) working class communities formed in the inner cities, while the middle classes
moved out to the suburbs
c) the middle classes lived in the countryside while the working class lived in the city
d) the upper and middle classes dominated public space, while working class people
were more home-centred
5.4E-References
1. Häussermann, H., & Haila, A. (2005). The European city: A conceptual framework and
normative project. In Y. Kazepov (Ed.), Cities of Europe: Changing contexts, local
arrangements, and the challenge to urban cohesion (pp. 43–63). Malden: Blackwell. Google
Scholar
2. Bagnasco, A., & Le Galès, P. (2000). Introduction: European cities: Local societies and
collective actors? In A. Bagnasco & P. Le Galès (Eds.), Cities in contemporary Europe (pp.
1–32). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Google Scholar
3. Pareja Eastaway, M., Turmo Garuz, J. et al., (2008). Why inBarcelona?: Understanding tha
attractiveness of the metropolitan region for creative knowledge workers. ACRE report 5.2.
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LESSON VI
URBAN DEVELOPMENT IN DEVELOPING WORLD
1.1 Introduction
Ladies and gentlemen welcome to our lesson six. In lesson six we are focusing on urban
development in developing countries. WE have sampled urban development in Asia, Africa and
Arabia as our points of concern. In our analysis we are going to look at the following characteristics
of: the demographic transition, primate cities, informal settlement spaces, spaces of exception, and
importance of the informal economy.
Brief summary of overall task Watch this video and illustrate Asian urbanization
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Spark
Individual task List and describe the unique spatial patterns in Asia
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Beyond the glitter domes of development in these primate cities, they are surrounded by massive
shantytowns—where entire families follow a precarious existence and involve themselves in the
formal and informal economy in an effort to acquire some meager portion of the wealth circulating
through the center result.
E-tivity 6.2.2 Urbanization in Africa
Numbering, pacing and sequencing 6.2.2
Title Urbanization in Africa
Purpose To enable you to explain Urbanization in Africa
Brief summary of overall task Watch this video and explain urbanization in Africa
Spark
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Brief summary of overall task Watch this video and explain urbanization in Arabia
Spark
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6.4 E-References
1. Parnell, S. and Pieterse, E., (eds.) 2014. Africa‘s Urban Revolution. Zed Books, London.
2. Brown, D., and McGranahan, G., 2016. The Urban Informal Economy, Local Inclusion And
Achieving A Global Green Transformation. Habitat International. 53. 97–105
3. Turok, I., 2013. Securing The Resurgence Of African Cities. Local Economy. 28(2). 142–
157
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4. Buckley, R., and Kallergis, A., 2014. Does African Urban Policy Provide A Platform For
Sustained Economic Growth? In Parnell, S., and Oldfield, S., (Eds.) The Routledge
Handbook on Cities of the Global South Routledge, London. 173 –190
5. Resnick, D. (2011) ‗In the Shadow of the City: Africa's Urban Poor in Opposition
Strongholds‘, The Journal of Modern African Studies, 49(1), pp. 141-166. DOI:
10.1017/S0022278X10000686
LESSON VII
URBAN SOCIAL PROBLEMS
1.1 Introduction
Ladies and gentlemen welcome to lesson seven of this semester. In this lesson, we are going to
focus on urban social problems. Unlike the traditional urban sociologists, we are going to examine
this lesson using the lens of new urban sociology. This means that we are going to use sociospatial
approach in explain urban social problem. To achieve our aim, this lesson will reflect on the
following topics; sociospatial approach to social problems, urban Poverty, housing crises and urban
Crime.
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Brief summary of overall task Watch this video and illustrate sociospatial approach to
social problems
Spark
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Brief summary of overall task Watch this video and explain urban poverty
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Brief summary of overall task Watch this video and explain the urban housing crisis
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Brief summary of overall task Watch this video and illustrate the meaning of urban
crime
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7.4 E-References
1. Ranci, C., Brandsen, T., & Sabatinelli, S. (Eds.). (2014). Social vulnerability in European
cities: The role of local welfare in times of crisis. Berlin: Springer. Google Scholar
2. Simmel, G. (1903). The metropolis and mental life. In G. Bridge & S. Watson (Eds.), The
Blackwell city reader. Oxford and Malden, MA: Wiley-Blackwell
3. Mitlin, D., And Satterthwaite, D., 2013. Urban Poverty In The Global South: Scale And
Nature. Routledge, London
4. Chitekwe-Biti, B., And Mitlin, D. 2015. ―‗The Devil Is In The Detail‘: Understanding How
Housing Assets Contribute To Gender- Just Cities.‖ In: Moser, C. (Ed). Gender, Asset
Accumulation And Just Cities: Pathways To Transformation. Routledge.London, UK.
5. Gonsalves, G., Kaplan. E., And Paltiel, A., 2015. Reducing Sexual Violence By Increasing
The Supply Of Toilets In Khayelitsha, South Africa: A Mathematical Model. Plos ONE.
10(4): E0122244. Croese, S., 2018. Global Urban Policymaking In Africa: A View From
Angola Through The Redevelopment Of The BayOf Luanda. 42(2). 198-209
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LESSON VIII
NEIGHBORHOODS AND COMMUNITIES
8.1 Introduction
Ladies and gentlemen, welcome to lesson eight. In this lesson we shall be examining the nature of
urban community; it‘s Neighbourhood and finally interrogates the place of gender and women in the
built environment.
Brief summary of overall task Watch this video and illustrate the features of Urban
community
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Spark
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Brief summary of overall task Watch this video and illustrate the features of Urban
community
Spark
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women in mind. In line with Ortner‘s nature-culture dichotomy, men not only dominate the
professions tasked with building cities, but their creations are lasting, permanent, objects that shape
and reflect culture. The built environment is an overwhelming visual reminder of male dominance
in cities..
E-tivity 8.2.3: Women, gender, and space
Numbering, pacing and sequencing 8.2.3
Title Women, gender, and space
Purpose To illustrate the nexus between urban Women, gender,
and space
Brief summary of overall task Watch this video and illustrate gender in urban space
Spark
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1. Which of the following is not identified by Fulcher & Scott as a criterion of community?
a) a shared sense of identity and belonging together
b) common activities involving all-round relationships
c) a fixed geographical location
d) collective action based on common interests
2. Which of the following is not identified as a new form of community?
a) ethnic communities, based on shared identity and experiences of discrimination
b) gay villages, which are formed in certain parts of large cities
c) sociological communities, formed by unpopular lecturers
d) virtual communities that exist only in cyberspace
3. Why does Mike Davis (1990) describe Los Angeles as a ‗city of quartz‘?
a) it has more millionaires than any other city
b) it has been hardened against the poor
c) it has more large shopping malls than any other US city
d) it has a policy of promoting opportunity for all
4. What term does Stephen Graham use for the increased surveillance and monitoring of city
spaces and city dwellers?
a) urban securitization
b) urban moral panic
c) new military urbanism
d) created environment
5. The fundamental element of the sustainable neighbourhood is the
a) Pedestrian shed
b) Transit stop
c) Wildlife corridor
d) District energy plant
8.5 E-References
1. G. GalsterOn the nature of neighbourhood Urban Studies, 38 (12) (2001), pp. 2111-2124
View Record in ScopusGoogle Scholar
2. A. Kearns, M. ParkinsonThe significance of neighbourhood Urban Studies, 38 (12) (2001),
pp. 2103-2110 View Record in ScopusGoogle Scholar
3. Freeman, L. (2009). Neighbourhood diversity, metropolitan segregation and gentrification:
What are the links in the US? Urban Studies, 46(10), 2079–2101. Google Scholar
4. Ranci, C., Brandsen, T., & Sabatinelli, S. (Eds.). (2014). Social vulnerability in European
cities the role of local welfare in times of crisis.. Houndmills: Palgrave Macmillan. Google
Scholar
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5. Hagerman, C. (2007). Shaping neighborhoods and nature: Urban political ecologies of urban
waterfront transformations in Portland, Oregon. Cities, 24, 285–297. [Crossref], [Web of
Science ®], [Google Scholar]
6. Wei, F., & Knox, P. L. (2013). Neighborhood change in metropolitan America, 1990 to
2010. Urban Affairs Review, 50(4), 459–489. [Crossref], [Web of Science ®], [Google
Scholar]
7. Massey, D. (1994). Space, place and gender. Oxford: Polity Press. Google Scholar
LESSON IX
URBAN REGENERATION
9.1 Introduction
Ladies and gentlemen welcome to lesson nine. In this lesson you will be exposed to the concept of
urban renewal or urban regeneration. In covering this lesson it will be imperative that you
understand concepts such as at gentrification, central business district and urban semiotics and final
reflect on the role of meaning in lived spaces.
9.2.1 Gentrification
Gentrification is a process of changing the character of a neighborhood through the influx of more
affluent residents and businesses. Gentrification often increases the economic value of a
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Brief summary of overall task Watch this video and explain gentrification
Spark
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Brief summary of overall task Watch this video and illustrate the nexus between
Central business district and urban semiotics
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Brief summary of overall task Watch this video and illustrate the role of Meaning in
lived spaces
Spark
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9.4 E-References
1. Marcuse, P. (2013). Abandonment, gentrification, and displacement: The linkages in New
York City. In N. Smith & P. Williams (Eds.), Gentrification of the city (pp. 169–193).
London: Routledge
2. Bianchini, F.; Parkinson, M. Cultural Policy and Urban Regeneration: The West European
Experience; Manchester University Press: Manchester, UK, 1993.
3. - Ley,D., andDobson, C., (2008). Are There Limits to Gentrification? The Contexts of
Impeded Gentrification in Vancouver.Urban Studies 45(12), pp. 2471–2498.
4. reeman, L., & Braconi, F. (2004). Gentrification and displacement: New York City in the
1990s. Journal of the American Planning Association, 70(1), 39–52. [Taylor & Francis
Online], [Web of Science ®], [Google Scholar]
5. Wyly, E. K., & Hammel, D. J. (2004). Gentrification, segregation, and discrimination in the
American urban system. Environment and Planning A, 36, 1215–1241. [Crossref], [Web of
Science ®], [Google Scholar
6. Gurr, J. M. (2017). All those who know the term ‗gentrification‘ are part of the problem.
Resistance: Subjects, Representations, Contexts, 3, 117–134. Google Scholar
LESSON X
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zoning of land use so that placing a sewage plant next to housing drastically ruined the quality of
life.. Space is partitioned into zones reserved for residential use, commercial activities, and
industrial work, among other functions.
E-tivity 10.2.1: Role of planners
Numbering, pacing and sequencing 9.2.3
Title Role of planners
Purpose To explain role of planners in urbanization
Brief summary of overall task Watch this video and illustrate the role of urban
planners
Spark
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Brief summary of overall task Watch this video and analyse the Pruitt-Igoe project
Spark
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Brief summary of overall task Watch this video and explain new urbanism
Spark
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Brief summary of overall task Watch this video and illustrate Sustainable growth and
development
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10.4 E-References
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1. Massam, B. H. (2002). Quality of life: Public planning and private living. Progress in
planning, 58(3), 141–227. Google Scholar
2. Thörn, H. (2012). In between social engineering and gentrification: Urban restructuring,
social movements, and the place politics of open space. Journal of Urban Affairs, 34(2),
153–168. Google Scholar
3. Cattacin, S., Kakpo, N., & Naegeli, P. (2012). Urban policy innovations in local welfare:
Core ideas. Guidelines for the research tasks. Geneva: Department of Sociology, UM.
Google Scholar
4. City of Austin. 2000. Neighborhood planning workbook. Austin : Planning, Environmental
and Conservation Services Department. Austin, TX.
5. Grimes A, Mitchell I. January 2015. Impacts of planning rules, regulations, uncertainty and
delay
on residential property development. Motu working paper 15–02. Motu Economic and
Public
Policy Research.
6. Watson, V., 2009. ‗The planned city sweeps the poor away…‘: Urban planning and 21st
century urbanisation. Progress in Planning. 72(3) 151-19
7. Wirth, L., (1938/2000). Urbanism as a Way of Life. In: Le Gates,. In R. T. Stout, F. (ed.).
The city reader - Secondedition. New York: Routledge
LESSON XI
URBAN SOCIAL POLICY
11.1 Introduction
Ladies and gentlemen welcome to lesson eleven. In this lesson we shall be looking at urban social
policy. As sociologists interested in urban sociology, it‘s imperative that we acquaint ourselves with
urban social policy and its mechanisms. The principles of urban social policy are predicated on the
strategic importance of the city in the national development of the nation and its sustainability. In
this lesson we endeavor to look at the following; urban social policy, neoliberal urban social policy
and final cover the global-local nexus.
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Brief summary of overall task Watch this video and develop A brief history of urban
policy
Spark
Individual task Is the market the best allocator of resources across the
metropolitan region? Discuss
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Brief summary of overall task Watch this video and illustrate Neoliberal urban policy
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Brief summary of overall task Watch this video and illustrate the meaning of The
global–local nexus
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4. Spatial separation of the poor and visible minorities in cities is determined by the following
factors: racialization and ethnicity, economic factors, and __________.?
a) age
b) tenure
c) family size
d) uneven development
5. The aesthetic quality of urbanism matters most because
a) a. It reflects the vision of leading contemporary artists
b) It stimulates shopping and economic activity
c) It raises property values
d) It promotes quality of life and sustainability
11.4 E-References
1. Caprotti, F., Cowley, R., Datta, A., Broto, V. C., Gao, E., Georgeson, L., et al. (2017). The
New Urban Agenda: Key opportunities and challenges for policy and practice. Urban
Research & Practice, 10(3), 367–378. Google Scholar
2. Sabatier, P. A. (1999). Theories of the policy process (Theoretical lenses on public policy,
Vol. VIII, 24). Boulder: Westview Press. Google Scholar
3. Grazioli, M., & Caciagli, C. (2018). Resisting to the neoliberal urban fabric: Housing rights
movements and the re-appropriation of the ‗Right to the City‘ in Rome, Italy. VOLUNTAS:
International Journal of Voluntary and Nonprofit Organizations.
https://doi.org/10.1007/s11266-018-9977-y. Google Scholar
4. Mayer, M. (2007). Contesting the neoliberalization of urban governance. In H. Leitner, J.
Peck, & E. Sheppard (Eds.), Contesting neoliberalism: The urban frontier. New York:
Guilford Press. Google Scholar
5. Collier, Paul. 2016. African Urbanization: An Analytic Policy Guide. Fourth Seminar in
TICAD Seminar Series, ―Land Use Planning and Spatial Development for Smart Growth in
African Cities,‖ World Bank Tokyo.
LESSON XII
URBAN SOCIAL MOVEMENTS AND NGOS
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12.1 Introduction
This is the twelfth lesson. In this lesson we are going to reflect on the nature of urban social
movement and other non-state actors To achieve this we are going to discuss urban social
movements, environmental justice and have a comment on the nature of urban public health.
Brief summary of overall task Watch this video and analyse Urban social movements
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Spark
Individual task Discuss the features that define urban social movement
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Brief summary of overall task Watch this video and illustrate the meaning of
Environmental justice
Spark
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urban public heal is the study of the health of urban populations. Infectious diseases such as
diarrhea, respiratory disease, vaccine-preventable diseases, HIV/AIDS, tuberculosis (TB), and
vector-borne diseases will continue to persist and spread in urbanenvirons. Additionally,
noncommunicable diseases(NCDs) such as ischemic heart disease, stroke,chronic obstructive
pulmonary disease, and diabetes will increase. Urban public health issues require state interventions
and public investment, especially in marginalized areas. Public investment is also necessary to
replace aging sanitation and water infrastructure. Aging pipes crack. Lead pipes poison the water.
Sewage treatment facilities become overwhelmed in rainstorms and dump raw sewage into our
lakes, rivers, and oceansEnvironmental and social conditionssuch as indoor/outdoor air pollution,
obesity, depression and other mental health issues, vehicular injuries, gang culture, and gun violence
will likelyalso increase, affecting all economic strata
E-tivity 12.2.3: Urban public health
Numbering, pacing and sequencing 12.2.3
Title
Urban public health
Purpose To identify Urban public health
Brief summary of overall task Watch this video and illustrate Urban public health
Spark
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a) a) London, UK
b) Sydney, Australia
c) Paris, France
d) All of them have
3. Who says ‗‘ city life bombards the mind with images and impressions, sensations and
activity
a) Simmel
b) Karl Marx
c) Webber
d) M.S.A . Rao ‗‘?
4. The ------of the urban community is source of social groupings both vertical and horizontal
a) Economic differentiation
b) age grading
c) Social differentiation
d) Caste
5. .......... is the term used to refer the relationship between human beings and their physical
environment
a) human physiology
b) Human ecology
c) human environment
d) None of these
12.4 E-References
1. Andretta, M., Piazza, G., & Subirats, A. (2015). Urban dynamics and social movements. In
D. Della Porta & M. Diani (Eds.), The Oxford handbook of social movements (pp. 200–
215). Oxford: Oxford University Press. Google Scholar
2. Bitusíková, A. (2015). Urban activism in Central and Eastern Europe: A theoretical
framework. Slovensky Narodopis, 63(4), 326–338. Google Scholar
3. Domaradzka, A. (2016). Leveling the playfield: Urban movement in the strategic action field
of urban policy in Poland. In J. Hou & S. Knierbein (Eds.), City unsilenced: Urban
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resistance and public space in the age of shrinking democracy. London: Routledge.
Google Scholar
4. Fainstein, S. S., & Hirst, C. (1995). Urban social movements. In D. Judge, G. Stoker, & H.
Wolman (Eds.), Theories of urban politics (pp. 181–204). London: Sage. Google Scholar
5. Fincher, R. (1987). Progress Report: Defining and explaining urban social movements.
Urban Geography, 8(2), 152–160. Google Scholar
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