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    Microanatomy of Kidney-1

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    Karan Yadav
    This document provides an overview of the microanatomy of the kidney. It describes the major structures of the kidney including the cortex, medulla, renal pyramids, renal columns, renal sinus, nephrons, renal corpuscles, renal tubules, proximal convoluted tubules, loop of Henle, distal convoluted tubules, collecting ducts, juxtaglomerular apparatus, and renal vasculature. Key cell types are also defined such as podocytes, principal cells, and intercalated cells.

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    Microanatomy of Kidney-1

    Uploaded by

    Karan Yadav
    16 views21 pages
    This document provides an overview of the microanatomy of the kidney. It describes the major structures of the kidney including the cortex, medulla, renal pyramids, renal columns, renal sinus, nephrons, renal corpuscles, renal tubules, proximal convoluted tubules, loop of Henle, distal convoluted tubules, collecting ducts, juxtaglomerular apparatus, and renal vasculature. Key cell types are also defined such as podocytes, principal cells, and intercalated cells.

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    This document provides an overview of the microanatomy of the kidney. It describes the major structures of the kidney including the cortex, medulla, renal pyramids, renal columns, renal sinus, nephrons, renal corpuscles, renal tubules, proximal convoluted tubules, loop of Henle, distal convoluted tubules, collecting ducts, juxtaglomerular apparatus, and renal vasculature. Key cell types are also defined such as podocytes, principal cells, and intercalated cells.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    16 views21 pages

    Microanatomy of Kidney-1

    Uploaded by

    Karan Yadav
    This document provides an overview of the microanatomy of the kidney. It describes the major structures of the kidney including the cortex, medulla, renal pyramids, renal columns, renal sinus, nephrons, renal corpuscles, renal tubules, proximal convoluted tubules, loop of Henle, distal convoluted tubules, collecting ducts, juxtaglomerular apparatus, and renal vasculature. Key cell types are also defined such as podocytes, principal cells, and intercalated cells.

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    of 21

    MICROANATOMY OF KIDNEY

    PRESENTOR: ADITYA VARDHAN TIWARI


    ROLL NO. : 1943
    RESOURCE FACULTY : SARUN KOIRALA
    SIR
    URINARY SYSTEM
    KIDNEY
    Cortex is located below renal capsule.
    Cortex that extends between renal pyramids is
    called renal columns of Bertini.
    Medulla consists of Renal pyramids.
    Bases of pyramids are enveloped by cortex.
    Cortex contains renal corpuscles, proximal and
    distal parts of tubules.
    Apices of renal pyramids are known as renal
    papilla.
    Renal papilla open to the renal pelvis via a
    branch of a renal pelvis called a calyx.
    Renal sinus-fatty supporting tissue between
    medullary pyramids.
    NEPHRONS

    Renal corpuscle.
    Renal tubule.
    RENAL CORPUSCLE
    Bowman`s Capsule:
    Double layered covering for the glomerulus.
    The layer close to the glomerulus is called the visceral
    layer of the bowman`s capsule and the other one is called
    the parietal layer.
    The space between both the layers is called the urinary
    space.
    o Glomerulus:
    Globular network of anastomosing capillaries.
    Glomerular capillaries are invested by visceral layer
    of bowman`s capsule. These cells are called podocytes.
    They have finger like projections.
    RENAL TUBULES
    RENAL TUBULES

    Extend from Bowmen`s capsule to collecting


    duct.
    PCT
    Loop of Henle
    DCT
    PCT
    Longest, most convoluted tube.
    Found in renal cortex.
    Simple cuboidal epithelium.
    Brush border fills the lumen in a section.
    Cytoplasm pink stained due to
    mitochondria.
    Less cells in a section than DCT.
    LOOP OF HENLE
    Descending limb:
    Thin limb, concentrating limb.
    Simple squamous epithelium.
    Hairpin loop:
    Simple squamous epithelium.
    Ascending limb:
    Thin ascending limb – Simple squamous epithelium.
    Thick ascending limb – Simple cuboidal epithelium.
    Long of Henle is closely associated with parallel capillary
    loops – vasa recta, peritubular capillaries.
    DCT
    Shorter.
    Less convulated.
    Found in cortex.
    No brush border.
    Larger lumen comparing to PCT.
    Small cells, more in a section.
    COLLECTING DUCT
    COLLECTING DUCT
    Descend through the cortex in parallel bundles called medullary
    rays.
    Lined by columnar epithelium.
    Pale stained.
    No brush border.
    Consist of 2 cell types:
    intercalated cells [ I cells ]
    principle cells.
    Principal cells: Pale cytoplasm, short microvillus.
    Actively reabsorb Na+, K+, H2O.
    Intercalated cells :
    Dark cytoplasm due to concentrated mitochondria,
    ribosomes and vesicles.
    Secrets H+ and reabsorbs HCO3.
    Maintains acid base homeostasis.
    JUXTAGLOMERULAR APPARATUS
    Juxtaglomerular cells:
    They are the epitheloid cells in the tunica media of the
    afferent glomerular arteriole.
    Release enzyme renin.
    o Macula densa:
    Modified DCT epithelium [ columnar cells ].
    Sensitive to [ Na+] within DCT.
    Low [ Na+] stimulate release of renin from juxtaglomerular
    cells.
    o Lacis cells [cells of polkissen]:
    They are the polyhedral cluster of cells between the vascular
    pole of nephron and the DCT.
    They are likely to transmit sensory signals to JG cells through
    gap junctions.
    RENAL VASCULATURE
    RENAL VASCULATURE
    REFERENCE

    Anatomy – A.K. Dutta


    Gray Anatomy
    B.D. Chaurasia
    Histology – Inderbir Singh
    histology.leeds.ac.uk
    THANK YOU

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