Click Start

INTERNATIONAL EDITION

Learner’s Book 3

Third edition Digital Access

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ISBN 9781108951845
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 Introduction
The international edition of Click Start: Computing for Schools is
designed around the latest developments in the field of computer science,
information and communication technology. Based on Windows 7 and
MS Office 2010, with extensive updates on Windows 10 and MS Office
2016, the series aids the understanding of the essentials of computer
science including computer basics, office applications, creative software,
programming concepts and programming languages.
Each level of the series has been designed keeping in mind the learning
ability of the learners as well as their interests. Efforts have been made to use
examples from day-to-day life, which will help the learners to bridge the gap
between their knowledge of the subject and the real world. The books are designed
to offer a holistic approach and help in the overall development of the learners.

KEY FEATURES

• Snap Recap: Probing questions to begin a chapter and assess pre-knowledge

• Learning Objectives: A list of the learning outcomes of the chapter
Activity: Interactive exercise after every major topic to reinforce analytical skills and
• 
application-based learning
• Exercise: A variety of questions to test understanding
• Fact File: Interesting concept-related snippets to improve concept knowledge
• Quick Key and Try This: Shortcuts and useful tips on options available for different
operations
• Glossary: Chapter-end list of important terms along with their definitions
• You Are Here: A summary for a quick recap
• Lab Work: Practical exercises to enable application of concepts through learning-by-doing
• Project Work: Situational tasks to test practical application of the concepts learnt
• Who Am I?: Biographies to inspire young learners
Sample Paper: Practice and preparation for exams
• 
• Poster: Informative infographics to help students stay safe in a connected digital environment

The books make learning fun and help the learners achieve expertise in this fast-changing world of
computer science.
 Kno

Overview Com
SNAP RECAP
LE
Snap Recap 1. What are the basic part
a computer?
s of
You will le
Probing questions to Know Your 2. Define input, storage
and
output devices. Also, give
• IPO cyc
• hardware

Computer
begin a chapter and their examples. • example
3. What do you know abo • differenc
assess pre-knowledge data and CPU?
ut
• types of s
• operating
How to Change the Case
Follow these steps to chan
ge the case of the text: Input-Process-Output
1. Select the text.
2. Click the drop-down Cycle (IPO Cyc
arrow next to the Change
Font group of the Home Case option in the Computers are man-made
machines. They are use
Learning Objectives
tab.
3. Choose the required
SNA
case for the selected text PtheREC
drop-AP
solve sum s, list enOBtoJEC
muTIV
The case of the text will
be changed.
from down list. LEARN ING sic,ESdraw pictures, play ga
1. in the following way:
A list of the learning aWha
Home tab
t are the basic parts of
computer? You
1. will
Youlear n about:
ent er data, facts or instruction
• IPO cycle s into a comp
outcomes of the chapter 2. Define input, storage
and
output devices. Also, give
mo use
• hardware and . This data or instruction
software is called input.
their examples. •2.exam
The plescom putwar
er econ
andver
softts
of hard warthe
e data into meaningfu
Font group
Change Case 3. What do you know abou • CP
diffe U.
renc Thi s step
hardiswar
cal ledsoft
option t e betw een e and pro ces
war e sing.
data and CPU? •3.type
Aft ersoft
s of pro ces
war e sing the dat
a, the computer gives yo
• oper atin
can alssyst
g em and
o tak
Changing the case of the
text e a its type
prin s t of this
tou  result. This result
Input-Process-Output
Cycle (IPO Cycle)
Activity Computers are man-made
solve sums, listen to mus
machines. They are used
to do many things. For exa
AC TIVITY ic, draw pictures, play gam mple,
Interactive exercise after Complete the following
in the following way: es, etc. The computers fun
ction
an operating 1. Make a document ‘Myn
activity. 1. You enter data, facts
or instructions into a com
every major topic to
ame.docx’.
t as a traffic 2. Write a paragraph about
mouse. This data or inst puter using the keyboard
3. You will see your name
yourself.
ruction is called input. or the
will be showing a spelling
policeman tells are not part of the dictio 2. The com mistake as our names
pute r con
name in the Dictionary so verts the data into mea
s when to move, reinforce analytical skills and doesn’t show as an error
nary. Add your
in the next file.CPU. Thi that ning
6. Title
s step is callit ed processing parts of aful
bar, Menu
windo
informament
bar, Docu
. 7. Title bar includesw.the Minim
tionarea,with
the help of the
Scroll bars and Status bar
are the basic
3. After processing the
nd at what speed. application-based learning
ize, Restore Down/Maximize
data, the compute8.r Scroll
givebarss you
move the contents of the and Close buttons.
can also take a printout of that isthe resu w. lt on the monitor. You
34 information window up, down, left, or
right to show
operating system this result. Thi
9. Tosshut
resu ltais
out of vie
call
uter,ed
down comp the
click: output
Start Shut.down
hen to run which 35
d at what speed.
Software EXERCISE
erent types of
ailable in the To understand what softwa A. State true or false.
re is, let us 1
mmonly used A traffic policeman directin take an example of a tele 1. The sleep option helps

e Microsoft
g traffic vision (TV). 2. Recycle Bin consists
to save electricity.

S. Some Exercise
The TV itself is a hardw
are but the 3. The Menu bar lists the
of copied files.

programs
tasks that a program can

A varietyyoofu wa
perform.
e also available tch on it are software. 4. Vertical scroll bar appears below the Document area.
questions
Linux and Unix. FACT FILE
Thus, the set of instructi 5. The Lock option can
ons that tells the B. also shut down the comp

tohartest understanding
uter.
f operating Microsoft Windows is the
most popular dware how to perform a particula Fill in the blanks with
the correct word.

perating system operating system. It runs task is called Program. r 1. ………………………

………… are small pictur
on almost 90 per opening applications. es on the desktop for

ng system. cent of the home compute All programs are 2. The .………………
software. Unlike hardw
… allows you to switch
rs in the world. 3. All the deleted files remain
between two windows.
are, we cannot 4. ………………………
A ……
in ………………… .
boyscroll
watbarchin g toTV
system see or touch software. left and the right direct
5. Clicking the ………………
ions.
helps you scroll the window in the

… button reduces the windo

6. ………………… option w to a smaller size.
k on a single-user operati A computer needs softw allows you to create short
text notes which are
ng system at a given tim are to work. displayed on the deskto
p.

d Mac OS are both single e. Without software, a com

-user operating systems. puter would be 22 TRY THIS
s are mostly used at hom
e. Quick
of no useKey
.
ystem ThereTry
and This
are dif ferent kinds of software Some software programs
on a multi-user
Fact File do different kinds of wo to are also available for free
same time or Interesting concept-related Shortcuts
For example,and useful rk on a computer.
on the Internet. List dow
Paint is a software progra n at least
m
For this, one
snippets to increase tips on dra
used for options
wing and colouring pictur
es.
five such examples.
hed to many MS Word is a software pro
and Linux are concept knowledge available for different
software programs are rea
gram used for creating tex
t documents. These
ng systems. dily available in the marke
n big offices
operations
and installed on your compu
ter.
t. These can be bought
omputers.
Difference between Ha
rdware and Software
Linux operating system You already know that har
dware are parts of the com
touch. Software is the set puter you can see and
of instructions that tells
 GLOSSARY
Change Case This is the
option that changes the case

Glossary Copy This is the option

that creates a duplicate of
Cut This is the option that
to another.
of the written text.
the selected text.
is used to move the selecte
d text from one position

Chapter-end list of Find This is the option

Paste This is the option
Redo This is the option
that searches word docum
that places the Cut/Copy
ent for specified word(s).
text at the required locatio
n.
that repeats the last action

important terms along Replace This changes performed.

the selected text with a new
GLOSSARY Undo This is the option text.
that reverses the last action
performed.
Brushes This has brushe

with their definitions

s with different appearances
for drawing. and texture that are used
4. Makes Logo carry out
Curve tool This is used the command
for drawing curves.
Color picker tool This 5. Shows the direction
is used for copying colour turtle is facing
Eraser tool This is used from one figure to anothe
for erasing a part of the r. YOU ARE 1. The main components
drawing or the colour filled of MS Word 2010 windo
closed figure. in a E. HERE
Answer thebar, Quick
follow w are the Title
Fill with color tool This ingAcces
questsions.
Toolbar, Ruler, Scroll bars,
3
is used for filling colour Ribbon and Status bar. Work Area,
Free-form selection This in closed figures. 1. What is MSWL ogo?
is used for selecting an irregul 2. Select ing text
Magnifier tool This is ar area. 2. What are the steps of or a word is required when
startin MSWL you wish to move it to
Polygon tool This is used
used for zooming in and
out of the Drawing Area. some
3. What is a turtleother place orgmake ogo?
a copy of it.
for drawing polygons by 3. Both the Cut in Logo?
Rounded rectangle tool drawing one side at a time. 4. What are theand Copy options copy the text/ob
This is used for drawing place it at a requirdiffere nt components ject on the Clipboard. To
rectangles with rounded ed positio n you of MSWL ogo Comm
need to use the Paste option ander window?
corners. 5. Cantab.
Home youItuse the inHalt from the
works button
combi to stop
Rectangular selection tool
This is used for selecting temporarily? Give reason nation withLogo
eitherfrom carryin
the Cut g out
or the a comm and
a rectangular area. 4. Specif ic words or a part of the s. Copy option .
Redo option This repeats text can be located in a docum
the last action. Find option. Text can also

You Are Here

Undo option This remove be replaced using the Replac ent using the
s the last change made to of times. e option any number
the file.
5. MS Word 2010 includ
es an automatic Spellchecker
correcting spellings as they option. It is used for
LAB WOR are typed in. The Spellin

LAB
YOU AREWOR K
1. Closed
A summary for a in the Review tabKhelps
in the text.
6. A. Open ethe
To chang theMSWL ogo
the user rectify spelling
g & Grammar option
and grammatical errors
figures have no gaps betwee
n the lines that form them. button
case of thesoftwa re on
written your
text, compu
click on ter. Observ e how many Control
the
quick recap
HERE
2. Open figures have gaps Font group s there are in the
Chang Comm Home
ander. window. Draw these tab
in the lines that form them. e Case option buttons in Paint.
4
Draw the follow
3. ing Also using the Text tool,
Foregr
shapes
oundusing
colourLogo
is used write the functions of the
wherever possib for text,
comm ands.lines
Useand
theborders
Repeatofcomm B. Practise opening and Execute and Halt buttons.
4. le.
Background colour shapes
and. exiting the MSWLogo screen
is used for colouring closed .
background of text boxes. figures and the 36 C. Using Paint, make the turtle of differe
50
5. You use Select to copy nt colours, shapes and sizes.

Lab Work
1. and paste a part of the picture 30
6. To remove the last change 3. .
you made to the file, click on the Undo button
the
30Quick Access Toolbar. To repeat the in
30 last action, click
30 on the Redo button.
30

50 2.
50
30
Practical exercises to enable PROJECT WORK

30
30
30 4. 60 60
51 application of concepts through
In your computer lab, check
the different options availab
the Menu bar.
the MSWLogo screen and
le in all the menus presen
list
t in
30

learning-by-doing
You may type the list in
MS Word 2010.
30
30
98

100
99

PROJECT WORK
PROJECT WORCreate
K a replica of the screen of your compu
label the same appropriately ter with icons and the taskba
Draw any 5 letters of the . r. Also,
English alphabet in capital

Project Work
here for your reference. letters. An example is given

Outcome: You will be able

A, H, N, T , X
to understand the turtle movem

Situational tasks to test practical

decide the requisite numbe ent and will be able to
r of steps and angle for drawin
g different figures.

application of the concepts learnt

111

Sample
WHO AM I?
Sample Paper Tick (✔)) the correct option
.
Paper
I was born on 28 Decem
ber 1969 in Finland.
While using Minix (a Unix-l

kernel for Linux.

ike system) for
educational purpose, I started
writing my own Helps test learner 1. The physical parts of a
a. Software
b. Hardware
computer that you can
see and touch are called
c. Multimedia
……………

understanding at the
Linux was later combined d. Icons
with the GNU system
which turned it into a freely 2. Which of the following
available operating in not an example of an
operating system?
system. a. Windows
I am ……………………… c. MS Paint

end of the course

……………………… b. Linux
d. Unix
3. Select the odd one out.
a. Start button
c. Notification area
b. Taskbar
d. Keyboard
24 4. Which of the following
shortcut keys is used to
paste copied text?
a. Ctrl + V
c. Ctrl + X
b. Ctrl + C
d. Ctrl + Z
25 5. Select the default colour
of the foreground colour
(also called Color 1) in

Who Am I?
a. White Paint.
c. Green
b. Black
d. Yellow
6. Where do you get the
Find option in MS Word

Biographies to inspire
2010?
a. Clipboard group of File
tab c. Editing group of Home
b. Editing group of Home tab
tab d. Clipboard group of Home
tab

young learners
112

YES

Always keep
your password secret. Don’t use someone else’s
password.

Browse using secure sites

by looking for an address
that starts with https: (the

Poster
S stands for secure) rather
than simply http:

Don’t pretend to be
someone else.

Informative infographics to help

Be careful about
what you download. Don’t
download apps that look
suspicious or come from
a
site you don’t trust.

students stay safe in a connected

Don’t share
passwords (other
than with parents).
Always tell a parent or
other trusted adult about
any communication or
conversation that was
scary or hurtful.

Be a good online citizen

digital environment
and don’t do anything that Be careful about
hurts other people or is what you post
against the law. online.
© Cambridge University
Press 2011, 2014, 2020
C ntents
01 Know Your Computer��������������������������������������������������� 1 07 Tux Paint – Introduction�������������������������������������������� 75
°° Input-Process-Output cycle (IPO cycle) °° Features of Tux Paint
°° Differences between hardware and software °° Starting Tux Paint
°° Types of software °° Components of the Tux Paint window
°° Drawing tools
02 Using Windows������������������������������������������������������������ 10 °° Saving a picture
Opening a saved picture
Starting windows °°
°° Erasing a saved picture
Desktop °°
°° Closing Tux Paint
Icons °°
°°
°° Gadgets
°° Components of a window 08 MSWLogo – Introduction������������������������������������������ 90
°° Accessories °° Starting MSWLogo
°° Shutting down a computer °° MSWLogo window
°° Components of the MSWLogo screen
03 MS Word 2010 Interface�������������������������������������������� 27 °° Components of the Commander window
Exiting MSWLogo
Components of the MS Word 2010 window °°
°°
°° Inserting text in a document
°° Selecting text 09 MSWLogo – Basic Commands�������������������������������� 100
°° Editing text °° FORWARD command
°° Undo and Redo options °° BACKWARD command
°° Find and Replace °° RIGHT command
°° Spelling & Grammar °° LEFT command
°° Change case °° HOME command
°° SETH command
04 Using Paint Tools��������������������������������������������������������� 40 °° CLEARSCREEN command
CLEARTEXT command
°°
°° Shapes HIDE TURTLE command
°°
°° How to fill color SHOW TURTLE command
°°
°° More tools in Paint REPEAT command
°°
°° BYE command
05 Using the Text Tool in Paint��������������������������������������� 53 °° Help tips for Logo
°° Text tool Sample Paper����������������������������������������������������� 112
°° Text tab
°° Components of the Text tab

06 Advanced Paint������������������������������������������������������������ 64
°° Editing images
°° Image group
°° Resize and Skew
°° View tab
 Know Your
Computer
SNAP RECAP LEARNING OBJECTIVES
1. What are the basic parts of You will learn about:
a computer?
•  the IPO cycle
2. Define input, storage
•  hardware and software
and output devices. Give
examples. • examples of hardware and software
• the differences between hardware and software
3. What do you know about
data and the CPU? •  types of software
•  types of operating system

Input-Process-Output Cycle (IPO Cycle)

Computers are human-made machines. They are used to do many things. For
example, solve sums, listen to music, draw pictures, play games, etc. Computers
function in the following way:
1. You enter data, facts or instructions into a computer using the keyboard or the
mouse. This data or instruction is called input.
2. The computer converts the data into meaningful information with the help of the
CPU. This step is called processing.
3. After processing the data, the computer gives you the result on the monitor. You
can also take a printout of this result. This result is called the output.

1
Therefore, a computer may be FACT FILE
defined as an electronic device
The processed data is called information. For
that accepts data, processes it example, the marks of students is data while
and gives the result. It follows the average marks of a class is information.
a cycle which is known as
the Input–Process–Output Cycle (IPO Cycle). This cycle is shown below.
input output
Data device
Processing device
Result
Input-Process-Output cycle

Hardware and software Computer

A computer system can be
divided as follows.
Hardware Software
Hardware Different parts of a computer system
The physical parts of a computer
that you can see and touch are Monitor
CPU
called hardware. The Central
Processing Unit (CPU) is an Speakers
example of hardware. There are
more parts inside the CPU which
you can see only when you open
the CPU box. Other types of
hardware are connected to the Mouse
CPU using wires and cables.
Uses of hardware are as follows:
1. the Monitor is used for
displaying pictures. Keyboard
2. the Keyboard is used for typing UPS
text. Hardware in a computer system
3. the Mouse is used for giving instructions.
4. the Printer is used for printing pictures and documents.
Joystick, microphone, scanner and speakers are other examples of hardware.

2
Software
To understand what software is, let us
take an example of a television (TV).
The TV itself is hardware but the
programs you watch on it are software.
The set of instructions that tells the
hardware how to perform a particular
task is called a Program. All programs
are software. Unlike hardware, we A boy watching TV
cannot see or touch software.
A computer needs software to work.
Without software, a computer would be TRY THIS
of no use.
Some software programs
There are different kinds of software to are also available for free
do different kinds of work on a computer. on the Internet. Write down
For example, Paint is a software program five examples.
used for drawing and coloring pictures.
Microsoft Word (MS Word) is a software program used for creating text
documents. These software programs are readily available and can be bought
and installed on your computer.

Differences between hardware and software

You already know that hardware are parts of the computer you can see and
touch. Software is the set of instructions that tells the hardware how to
perform a particular task. However, there is one more important difference
between hardware and software.
Do you remember that a computer follows the Input–Process–Output cycle
to perform tasks? Can you guess which parts of this cycle relate to hardware
and which to software?

3
It is hardware that performs the input and output tasks (or operations).
For example, you need a scanner to copy a picture on a computer, while
for printing a picture you need a printer.

Input through hardware Output through hardware

It is the software that does the processing tasks (or operations). Therefore,
the hardware supports the input and the output and the software supports the
processing part of the IPO cycle.

Y
AC TIVIT

Rewrite the following jumbled words.

1. PCRUEOTM ……………………
2. WAHRARED ……………………
3. PTOUTU ……………………
4. ESWOAFRT ……………………
5. TPINU ……………………

Types of software
There are two types of software.
Application software System software

4
Application software
Software that is used to perform a specific task is called application
software. Commonly used application softwares are discussed below.

Word processing software

These software programs are used to write letters, stories, reports, etc. The things
you write with a pen can also be written with word processing software using a
keyboard. The most commonly used word processing software is MS Word.

TRY THIS

Open MS Word
and type two
sentences about your school.

MS Word – A word processing software

Multimedia software
These software programs are used
for drawing pictures, playing
games and watching movies. Paint
is a very simple kind of multimedia
software.
A multimedia game
System software
Software that is used to control the operation of a computer is called
system software. System software is needed to run the computer. It refers to the
files and programs that make up your computer’s operating system.

Operating system
The operating system controls the overall working of the computer.
It manages the hardware and the software programs.
5
To understand what an operating
system is, think of it as a traffic
policeman. A traffic policeman tells
cars and motorcycles when to move,
in which direction and at what speed.
In the same way, an operating system
tells the computer when to run which
software program and at what speed.
There are many different types
of operating systems. The most
A traffic policeman directing traffic
commonly used operating systems
are Microsoft Windows and Mac
OS. Some operating systems are also
available for free, for example, Linux FACT FILE
and Unix.
Microsoft Windows is the most popular
There are two types of operating
operating system. It runs on almost 90 per
system: single-user operating system
cent of the home computers in the world.
and multi-user operating system.

Single-user operating system

Only one user can work on a single-user operating system at a given time.
Microsoft Windows and Mac OS are both single-user operating systems.
Such operating systems are mostly used at home.

Multi-user operating system

Many users can work on a multi-user
operating system at the same time or
even at different times. For this, one
main computer is attached to many
other computers. Unix and Linux are
both multi-user operating systems.
These are mostly used in big offices
where there are lots of computers.
Linux operating system

6
 Y
AC TIVIT

Identify and color the different types of software programs in the grid below.
A F B O O M A P S
L I N U X S Y A M
M W S N Y W I I A
S O O I F O O N C
O D R X S R Y T O
M S W I N D O W S
J I S F A Y T R W

GLOSSARY
Hardware These are the physical parts of a computer that you can see and touch.
IPO cycle This stands for Input–Process–Output cycle.
Operating system This controls the overall working of a computer.
Software This is the set of instructions that tells the hardware how to perform a
particular task.

YOU ARE 1. A computer is an electronic device. It accepts data, processes it

HERE and then gives the result. This is called the IPO cycle.

1 2. A computer system can be divided into hardware and software.

3. Without software a computer would be of no use.
4. There are two types of software: Application software and
System software.
5. There are two types of operating systems: Single-user operating
system and Multi-user operating system.

7
 EXERCISE

A. Find the missing letters to fill in the blanks.

1. Operations done by software.  __ R __ C __ __ S __ __ __

2. These are the parts of the computer that you can touch and feel. 
__ A __ D __ __ __ __
3. The result the computer gives after processing the data.  O __ __ __ __ __
4. The set of instructions that tells the hardware how to perform a
particular task.  S __ __ __ __ A __ E
5. A very simple kind of multimedia software.  __ A __ __ __

B. True or false?

1. An operating system is a type of software.

2. Output is the data that you enter into a computer.

3. Linux is a type of application software.

4. Unix and Linux are both single-user operating systems.

5. MS Windows is an application software.

C. Match the following.

1. Hardware a. Output

2. Input–Process– b. Keyboard

3. Processing c. Paint

4.  Software d.  Data entered into the computer

5. Input e. CPU

8
D. Answer the following questions.
1. What is meant by the Input–Process–Output cycle?
2. Define software.
3. Give two examples of hardware and software.
4. Define system software with an example.
5. What are the different kinds of operating systems?

LAB WORK

A. Go to the computer lab and use a software program like Microsoft Word to
make a list of different kinds of hardware you find in the lab.
B. Draw two input devices and two output devices using Paint.

PROJECT WORK
In a group, create a 3D model of a computer showing
hardware, software, operating system, input, output,
storage devices, etc. Draw icons on the monitor
using reusable boxes.

WHO AM I?
I was born on 24 February 1955 in California, U.S.
I am known as the co-creator of Macintosh, iPod, iPhone, etc.
In 1985, I left Apple Inc. and started a new software and
hardware enterprise called NeXT.
I am ………………………………………………………

9
 Using
Windows
SNAP RECAP LEARNING OBJECTIVES
In your computer lab, find You will learn about:
out which operating system
is being used. List all the
•  the desktop
icons available on the •  the taskbar
desktop. Also, find out the • icons
applications that are shown •  components of a window
on the taskbar. •  shutting down a computer

This chapter uses examples from Windows 7. For Windows 10 updates, go to the
end of the chapter.
Starting Windows
When you switch on a computer, all its parts are checked and you hear a beep
sound. Then, the operating system is loaded in the computer’s memory from its hard
disk. This process is called booting. It remains in the memory until the system is on.

FACT FILE

Microsoft Windows has different versions

like Windows XP, Windows Vista, Windows 7
and Windows 8.
Windows 10 is the latest operating system 
Starting Windows from Microsoft.

10
Desktop
The Desktop is the first screen you see after booting. It consists of the
Taskbar and Icons.

Icons
FACT FILE

Different pictures are seen in the

Start Taskbar background of different computers. These
pictures form the Desktop background.

Different parts of the desktop

Taskbar
The taskbar is the long bar at the bottom of the desktop.
You will now learn about the different parts that make up the taskbar.

Start Button
The Start button is usually found on FACT FILE
the extreme left of the taskbar. As the
In Windows 7, you can shift the taskbar
name suggests, you can start/begin to any of the four sides of the screen. The
working on a computer by clicking taskbar can also be locked.
on this button.
When you click on the Start button, it opens a menu or a list. This is called
the Start menu. It can be used to:
1. view a list of the software programs, applications and documents installed
on the computer.
2. change the computer settings or shut down the computer.

11
3. Some of the items in the Start menu
TRY THIS
have a small arrow-head next to
them. Holding the mouse pointer Press the Windows key
over these items opens another list.  on the keyboard to
This is called a Submenu. The Back open the Start menu.
button with back-arrow can be used
to go back to the main menu.

Submenu of
All Programs

Back button

Start
All Programs submenu

Keep track of your Windows

The middle section of the taskbar
shows the programs and documents
that have been opened.
Windows displays a button as an
icon on the taskbar each time you
open a program, application or
document.
You can work on multiple
programs, applications and Each program has its own icon on the taskbar
documents at the same time. Icons of each of these will be displayed on the
taskbar. This allows you to switch between opened windows or choose to
work with multiple windows at the same time, which is very helpful.

12
In the screenshot on the previous QUICK KEY
page, multiple programs are open,
for example, Paint, Calculator,
To switch between Alt + Tab
etc. Each window has its own
open tabs Explorer key + Tab
button on the taskbar.

The button which is highlighted in the taskbar shows the active window.

Notification area
The notification area is on the right side of the taskbar. It contains small icons
that give information about the status of the programs running on the computer at
any given time. For example, battery life, sound status, date and time display, etc.
The notification area also includes the volume bar. If you keep the mouse
pointer over the volume bar, it will show the volume indicator of the
computer speakers.

Icons
As you have learnt, icons are the small pictures on the desktop. These
are used to open software programs, etc. Desktop icons are also called
shortcuts. The icons found on the desktop include Computer, Control Panel
and Recycle Bin. Your desktop may have fewer or more icons.
Double-click the icon on the
desktop to open the program or
application. You may also use
the keyboard to select the icons.
Use arrow keys on the keyboard
to go to a specific icon and then
press the Enter key.
Computer icon
This icon displays the
content of the computer.
It shows the drives
available for working. Using the Computer icon

13
Network icon
This helps you to connect your computer
with other computers. It also displays
the information about the computers
connected to yours.

Recycle Bin icon

When you delete a file or a folder,
it is not deleted straight away, it is
temporarily deleted and stored in the Using Network icon
Recycle Bin. This allows you to recover
your files/folders if they have been deleted by mistake.

TRY THIS

Select a file or a folder

to be deleted. Press
Shift + Del keys. This will delete
your file permanently.

Using the Recycle Bin icon

Gadgets
Gadgets are mini-programs that
appear on the desktop in Windows 7.
These gadgets offer information at
a glance. They also provide easy
access to frequently used tools.
Some of the gadgets that come with
Windows 7 are Calendar, Clock,
Weather, Feed Headlines, Slide
Shows and Picture Puzzle. Gadgets

14
Components of a window FACT FILE
Every software program opens in a
Notepad is a simple text editor for
window. The contents of every window
Microsoft Windows. It is a basic
are different. But most of them have
text-editing program which enables
some basic parts. Let us learn about the computer users to create documents.
components of a window.

Minimize

Menu bar Title bar Maximize / Close

Restore Down

Horizontal Vertical
scroll bar scroll bar

Components of a window
Title bar
The bar at the top of a window is called the Title bar. It shows you the name
of the document and the software program.
Maximize/Restore Down

Close
Document name Program name Minimize

Title bar
The Title bar has some important buttons. These are explained below.
Minimize button
Clicking the Minimize button reduces the window to an icon on the taskbar.
Clicking that icon on the taskbar brings the window back to its original size.
Restore Down button
Clicking the Restore Down button reduces the window to a smaller size.
15
Maximize button
When the window becomes smaller, the Restore Down button is replaced
with the Maximize button. Clicking the Maximize button increases the
window to its full size.
Close button
Clicking this button closes the window.
Menu bar
The Menu bar is found just below the Title bar. It displays the menu names.
These can be clicked to open different options available to use with the
contents of the window.
Scroll bar
The Scroll bar lets you scroll the contents of the window to see information
that is currently out of view.
Horizontal scroll bar
The Horizontal scroll bar helps you to scroll Horizontal
scroll bar Vertical
either to the left or to the right of the screen.
scroll bar
It appears at the bottom of the display.
Vertical scroll bar
Scroll bars
The Vertical scroll bar helps you to scroll either
to the top or the bottom of the screen. It appears on the right of the display.
Status bar
The bar at the bottom of the window is called the Status bar. It provides
helpful information about the task that you are doing or the tool that you are
using. The Status bar is not found in the Notepad program, but is available in
other programs like MS Word.

16 Status bar
 FACT FILE

Snap is a special feature of Windows 7. It allows you to resize the open window.

• You can drag the Title bar of an open window to either side of the desktop and
resize it.
• You can drag a small-sized window to the top of the desktop to maximise
that window.

Accessories
Windows 7 offers different types of Accessories to its users.
To open Accessories, click the Start button, go to All Programs and select
Accessories.

Accessories

Opening Accessories

A variety of programs are found in Accessories that can be used for different
purposes in our day-to-day life.
You have already learnt about Paint. You will now learn about other
accessories.
Calculator
Have you seen a calculator in your home? It is used to do calculations like
addition, subtraction, multiplication and division. It can also be used to
perform more complex calculations.

17
You will find Calculator in the Accessories submenu of Windows 7.

Number keys Decimal

Division

Multiplication
Subtraction
Equal to
Addition
Buttons on the Calculator
The calculations are done by left-clicking on the buttons with a mouse or by
typing numbers using the keyboard. For example, to add two numbers, say 8
and 2, follow these steps.
1. Open the Calculator. 4. Press 2.
2. Press 8. 5. On pressing the ‘equal to’ button,
3. Press the ‘+’ symbol. the sum (that is, 10) will be seen
on the Calculator screen.
Sticky notes
Sticky notes allow you to create short text
notes which are displayed on the desktop.
TRY THIS
You can use them to set reminders, timetable
for study, etc.  Right-click on the
sticky note and choose
a different color.

FACT FILE

The Help and Support option is found in the Start menu in Windows 7. When
you click on this link, you will find information about a number of issues and
topics related to Windows 7.

18
Shutting down a computer
After you have finished your work on the computer, always remember to
shut down the computer correctly.
Steps to shut down a computer
These instructions are for Windows 7. For Windows 10 updates, go to the
end of the chapter.
Step 1: Click on the Start button.
Step 2: Click on the Shut down option.
This will close all open programs, shut
down Windows and then turn off your
computer.
When you click on the arrow pointing to
the right of Shut down, the following list Shutting down the computer
of options are seen.
Switch User
This helps to switch between different users without closing your programs.
Log Off
This closes programs and helps to log off from the current user session.
Lock
This locks the computer when the computer is not in use.
Restart
This closes all open programs, shuts down Windows and then starts Windows
again.
Sleep
This saves the session and puts the computer in low-power state. With this,
you can quickly resume your work.
Hibernate
This saves all your currently open documents onto the hard disk and then
turns off the system. This option has been developed for laptops.
19
 Y
AC TIVIT

Solve the crossword using the clues given below.

 1  2

 3  4   5

 6

       7                         
                               
                               
                               
                   8             
   9                             

Across Down
3. Mini-programs that appear on the 1. The first screen we see
desktop in Windows 7 are ………… . after turning on a computer
6. Clicking the ………… button reduces is ………………… .
the window to a button on the taskbar. 2. ………… saves the session
7. ……………… gives you a list of the and puts the computer in
software programs, applications and low-power state.
documents on the computer. 4. Another name for Desktop
8. The long bar at the bottom of the icons is ………… .
desktop is the ………………… . 5. ………… saves all your
9. The bar at the bottom of the window is currently open documents
called the ………… bar. onto the hard disk and then
turns off the PC.

20
 GLOSSARY
Desktop This is the first screen you see after you turn on the computer.
Gadgets These are mini-programs that appear on the desktop.
Hibernate This saves all your currently open documents onto the hard disk and
then turns off the PC.
Horizontal scroll bar This helps you to scroll the window to the left and to
the right.
Icons These are the small pictures on the desktop used for opening applications.
Menu bar This displays the menu names.
Notification area This gives the status of programs running on the computer.
Recycle Bin This contains deleted files.
Start menu This lists the programs, applications and documents on the
computer.
Status bar This gives information about the task or the tool being used.
Taskbar This is the long bar at the bottom of the desktop.
Title bar This shows the name of the document and the software program in use.
Vertical scroll bar This helps you to scroll in upward and downward directions.

YOU ARE 1. The operating system remains in the memory of the computer
HERE until it is switched on.

2 2. The Taskbar includes the Start button, Notification area, Date and
Time.
3. The Start button opens the Start menu which lists the programs,
applications and documents on the computer.
4. The Notification area shows the speed of the Internet connection.
5. Every software application opens in a window.
6. The Title bar, Menu bar, Document area, Scroll bars and Status
bar are the basic parts of a window.

21
7. The Title bar includes the Minimize, Restore Down/Maximize and Close buttons.
8. The Scroll bar move the contents of the window up, down, left, or right to
show information that is out of view.
9. To shut down a computer, click: Start Shut down

EXERCISE

A. True or false?

1. The sleep option helps to save electricity.

2. The Recycle Bin contains copied files.

3. The Menu bar lists the tasks that a program can perform.

4. The Vertical scroll bar appears below the Document area.

5. The Lock option can also shut down the computer.

B. Fill in the blanks with the correct word.

1. ………………………………… are small pictures on the desktop for
opening applications.
2. The .………………… allows you to switch between two windows.
3. All the deleted files remain in ………………… .
4. …………………………… scroll bar helps you to scroll the window in the
left and the right directions.
5. Clicking the ………………… button reduces the window to a smaller size.
6. ………………… option allows you to create short text notes which are
displayed on the desktop.

22
C. Match the following.

1. Explorer key + Tab a.   Speed of the Internet connection

2. Shift + Del b.   Title bar, Menu bar, Document area,

Scroll bars and Status bar

3. Start Shut down c.   To delete your file permanently

4. Notification area d.   To shut down a computer

5. Basic parts of a window e.   To switch between open tabs

D. Label the parts of the Title bar.

………………… …………………

…………………
………………… …………………

E. Answer the following questions.

1. What are the different components of a Taskbar?
2. What is the advantage of the Recycle Bin?
3. What are icons? Give two examples.
4. Explain various options available while shutting down a computer.
5. Can you open software programs with a single click? If yes, how?

LAB WORK

A. Use sticky notes to list the steps for working in Paint, including how to open,
work and close the application.
B. Spot 3 gadgets in your computer (not mentioned in this book) and list their
uses. Use different colored sticky notes for each of the 3 gadgets.

23
 PROJECT WORK
Create a replica of the screen of your computer with icons and the taskbar, and add
labels.

WHO AM I?
I was born on 28 December 1969 in Finland.
While using Minix (a Unix-like system) for
educational purposes, I started writing my own
for Linux.
Linux was later combined with the GNU system
which turned it into a freely available operating
system.
I am ………………………………………………

24
 Windows 10
Updates
• In Windows 10, the purpose of the desktop is similar to that of Windows 7 but they
look different. The Computer icon of Windows 7 is replaced with This PC.

Icons

Start Taskbar

• All the applications are arranged alphabetically in the Start menu. All Programs
and Accessories are no longer a part of Start menu. For quick access, the
frequently used software applications are available in the taskbar of Windows 10.

Sub menu of
all programmes

Power button

• To shut down your computer, click on Start button Power button

Shut down. You can also put your system in Sleep mode or Restart your
computer from here.

25
 • In Windows 10, the Recycle Bin looks like this:

• Gadgets are no longer available in Windows 10.

• The appearance of the default Calculator window has changed. You can also
change the Standard Calculator into Scientific, Programmer, etc. by clicking on
the three horizontal lines given in the top left corner.

26