Dynamic Design CFD Simulation of Geometric Canister Gasifier Stream
Dynamic Design CFD Simulation of Geometric Canister Gasifier Stream
Dynamic Design CFD Simulation of Geometric Canister Gasifier Stream
https://doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2022.46550
International Journal for Research in Applied Science & Engineering Technology (IJRASET)
ISSN: 2321-9653; IC Value: 45.98; SJ Impact Factor: 7.538
Volume 10 Issue IX Sep 2022- Available at www.ijraset.com
Abstract: External streams in annuli are critical in regulating pressure loss, air stream distribution around the combustor liner,
and the resulting impacts on performance, durability, and stability of the gas turbine combustion system. This article provides a
computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation of the stream within a canister combustor's outer annulus. Validation of this
simulation was accomplished by analysis of the stream within a canister combustor annulus utilized in a Afam/Nigeria gas
turbine power plant facility. In 10 sites across the annular area, pitot static tubes were utilized to measure the velocity. By
comparing the velocity profile, it was discovered that the CFD simulation and experimental work had a high degree of
agreement.
Keywords: Geometric Stream, Canister Combustor, CFD Simulation, Pitot Static Tube, Velocity Profile.
I. INTRODUCTION
A gas turbine's canister combustor is an essential component. When compressed air is delivered to the turbine, it must be heated to
an increased temperature before combustion can take place. This is ideal for improved overall efficiency and smoke-free
combustion. Diffuser, liner, and casing-liner annulus are the three primary components of the combustor. The canister combustor is
seen in Figure 1. There was a lot of research done in this work on the stream characteristics within a canister annular combustor
computationally and physically, and a simulation constructed to analyze more effective instances on combustor cooling and air
penetration into the liner. Gas turbine combustors stream and combustion numerical modeling has grown in popularity over the last
few decades, thanks to advances in numerical computation methodologies and fast, highly competent computers. Analytical and
numerical simulations based on CFD have shown that the stream within the canister combustor may be recognized in terms of its
properties and gain significant insight into critical physical events.
©IJRASET: All Rights are Reserved | SJ Impact Factor 7.538 | ISRA Journal Impact Factor 7.894 | 436
International Journal for Research in Applied Science & Engineering Technology (IJRASET)
ISSN: 2321-9653; IC Value: 45.98; SJ Impact Factor: 7.538
Volume 10 Issue IX Sep 2022- Available at www.ijraset.com
Fishenden and Stevens [2] examined Koutmos and McGuirk [1]'s stream model in the axisymmetric cone position and found their
predictions to be accurate enough for engineering needs. Standard, RNG, realizable, Durbin modified, and the nonlinear k- model
were among the models examined. The conventional and Durbin k- models had the greatest agreement with the experimental data,
the findings revealed. According to Wennerberg and Obi [3,] excellent agreement between the k- model predictions and
experimental data was found, and this backed up those findings.
An annular reverse stream combustor model's stream split via the liner holes was numerically examined by Mohan, Singh, and
Agrawal [4]. According to Garg et al., cold stream modeling using CFD may be improved by adjusting the height of the inner and
outer annuli. On flat, three-dimensional film cooling geometries, Miao and Wu [6] studied the main stream, injection tubes,
impingement chambers, and supply plenum areas using numerical methods. For a low-Reynolds k- model, they observed that the
projected data matched the actual data.
[7] A non-reacting combustor simulator with film cooling holes and two rows of in-line jets was also tested and simulated by
Barringer et al. [7] to achieve comparable levels of turbulence around 18 percent. The RNG k- turbulence model was utilized in the
computational simulations, and the findings were consistent with those discovered by Holdeman [8].
Canister combustors with non-swirling and swirling streams at the intake were studied by Alkhafagiy and Rahim [9] in an
isothermal environment for CFD analysis. They demonstrate that the numerical findings that are verified against the experimental
data are reasonable. For both non-swirling and swirling streams, Rahim, Singh, and Veeravalli [10] investigated the annulus stream
characteristics of a canister combustor model for various liner dome shapes under isothermal stream conditions, and they discovered
that swirling streams with a hemispherical dome liner give better annulus stream characteristics in swirling streams.
©IJRASET: All Rights are Reserved | SJ Impact Factor 7.538 | ISRA Journal Impact Factor 7.894 | 437
International Journal for Research in Applied Science & Engineering Technology (IJRASET)
ISSN: 2321-9653; IC Value: 45.98; SJ Impact Factor: 7.538
Volume 10 Issue IX Sep 2022- Available at www.ijraset.com
There are 85,915 meshes in this geometry, which was meshed using the Quad-Pave type. This was determined by comparing the
percentage change in total pressure in the outstream to the grid independence (4). It was decided to use boundary layer meshing
along the wall, however in other areas, it was decided to use a different meshing method. For turbulent viscous streams, the Prise
layer approach is utilized because it is beneficial for calculating the viscosity-dominated near-wall areas. The K- model is a well-
known simulation model.
1.001
1
0.999
0.998
0.997
0.996
0.995
0.994
0.993
0.992
60000 70000 80000 90000 100000 110000 120000
NO. of cell
Fig. 4: Mesh Dependent Study
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International Journal for Research in Applied Science & Engineering Technology (IJRASET)
ISSN: 2321-9653; IC Value: 45.98; SJ Impact Factor: 7.538
Volume 10 Issue IX Sep 2022- Available at www.ijraset.com
©IJRASET: All Rights are Reserved | SJ Impact Factor 7.538 | ISRA Journal Impact Factor 7.894 | 439
International Journal for Research in Applied Science & Engineering Technology (IJRASET)
ISSN: 2321-9653; IC Value: 45.98; SJ Impact Factor: 7.538
Volume 10 Issue IX Sep 2022- Available at www.ijraset.com
1 1 exp.
exp
0.95 0.95
0.9 0.9
0.85 0.85
0.8 0.8
0.75 0.75
0.7 0.7
0.65 0.65
0.6 0.6
0.4 0.6 0.8 1 1.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 1.2
u/U u/U
1.05
1.05 simulation simulation
1
1 exp exp
0.95
0.95
0.9
0.9
0.85
0.85
0.8
0.8
0.75
0.75
0.7
0.7
0.65
0.65
0.6
0.6
0.5 0.7 0.9 1.1
0.4 0.9 1.4
u/U u/U
Axial velocity profile at (H) Axial velocity profile at (G)
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International Journal for Research in Applied Science & Engineering Technology (IJRASET)
ISSN: 2321-9653; IC Value: 45.98; SJ Impact Factor: 7.538
Volume 10 Issue IX Sep 2022- Available at www.ijraset.com
1 1 exp
exp.
0.95 0.95
0.9 0.9
0.85 0.85
0.8 0.8
0.75 0.75
0.7
0.7
0.65
0.65
0.6
0.6
0.4 0.6 0.8 1 1.2
0.5 0.7 0.9 1.1
u/U u/U
Axial velocity profile at (I) Axial velocity profile at (L)
Fig. 6: Shows the Comparison Between the CFD Simulation and Experimental Work.
After it has ensured from the agreement between the theoretical and experimental results, it will be useful to study the other
characteristics of the stream that have an effects on the performance of combustor work. Figure (7) shows contours of the velocity
magnitude.it is observed big recirculation region at beginning of annuls stream and high level of velocity magnitude near the casing
wall, this effect on penetration of air through the holes and cooling the liner wall performance. When arrives to the dilution holes the
velocity decrease and will be uniform until the end.
Turbulence intensity is seen in Figure 8. The turbulence around the corners of the annuli is particularly intense, and it progressively
decreases until it reaches the end of the combustor. An increase in turbulence results in smoother surfaces, which decrease pressure
loss and the risk of stream separation.
©IJRASET: All Rights are Reserved | SJ Impact Factor 7.538 | ISRA Journal Impact Factor 7.894 | 441
International Journal for Research in Applied Science & Engineering Technology (IJRASET)
ISSN: 2321-9653; IC Value: 45.98; SJ Impact Factor: 7.538
Volume 10 Issue IX Sep 2022- Available at www.ijraset.com
V. CONCLUSION
An experimental and theoretical investigation of the canister combustor's stream characteristics has been conducted The combustor's
performance and, ultimately, the plant's overall output power, are directly impacted by the velocity and pressure, respectively.
Experimentation was carried out on an actual combustor from the Afam Electrical power plant. The findings of both the FLUENT
simulation and the experiments were confirmed. An annular combustor combustor flow study using CFD seems to be useful, and
the k- model provides a somewhat accurate prediction of the stream..
VI. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
The authors would like to acknowledge the Centre for Energy Resources and Refining at Imo State University, Owerri, Nigeria for
their technical support, especially providing access to their own software application.
REFERENCES
[1] Koutmos, P. and McGuirk, J.J. (1989), Isothermal stream in a gas-turbine combustor—a benchmark experimental study. Experiments in Fluids 7(5), pp. 344-
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[3] Wennerberg, D. and Obi, S. (1993), Prediction of strongly swirling streams in quarl expansions with a non-orthogonal finite-volume method and a second-
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[10] Rahim, A., Singh, S.N. and Veeravalli, S.V. (2007), Liner dome shape effect on the annulus stream characteristics with and without swirl for a canister
combustor, Journal of Power and Energy, IMech, 221, Part A.
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