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    Plate Boundaries Notes

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    Girli Josee
    Plates boundaries are where tectonic plates meet and different types of boundaries result in different geological events. The three main types of boundaries are divergent, convergent, and transform. [1] At divergent boundaries, plates move apart causing tension and normal faults which form rift valleys on land and seafloor spreading in the oceans. [2] Convergent boundaries occur where plates collide, causing compression and forming reverse faults, trenches, subduction zones, and mountain ranges. [3] Transform boundaries are where plates slide past each other, causing shearing and strike-slip faults like the San Andreas Fault.

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    Plate Boundaries Notes

    Uploaded by

    Girli Josee
    65 views2 pages
    Plates boundaries are where tectonic plates meet and different types of boundaries result in different geological events. The three main types of boundaries are divergent, convergent, and transform. [1] At divergent boundaries, plates move apart causing tension and normal faults which form rift valleys on land and seafloor spreading in the oceans. [2] Convergent boundaries occur where plates collide, causing compression and forming reverse faults, trenches, subduction zones, and mountain ranges. [3] Transform boundaries are where plates slide past each other, causing shearing and strike-slip faults like the San Andreas Fault.

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    PLATE BOUNDARIES NOTES

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    Plates boundaries are where tectonic plates meet and different types of boundaries result in different geological events. The three main types of boundaries are divergent, convergent, and transform. [1] At divergent boundaries, plates move apart causing tension and normal faults which form rift valleys on land and seafloor spreading in the oceans. [2] Convergent boundaries occur where plates collide, causing compression and forming reverse faults, trenches, subduction zones, and mountain ranges. [3] Transform boundaries are where plates slide past each other, causing shearing and strike-slip faults like the San Andreas Fault.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    65 views2 pages

    Plate Boundaries Notes

    Uploaded by

    Girli Josee
    Plates boundaries are where tectonic plates meet and different types of boundaries result in different geological events. The three main types of boundaries are divergent, convergent, and transform. [1] At divergent boundaries, plates move apart causing tension and normal faults which form rift valleys on land and seafloor spreading in the oceans. [2] Convergent boundaries occur where plates collide, causing compression and forming reverse faults, trenches, subduction zones, and mountain ranges. [3] Transform boundaries are where plates slide past each other, causing shearing and strike-slip faults like the San Andreas Fault.

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    THE THEORY OF PLATE TECTONICS - BOUNDARIES, STRESSES, AND

    FAULTS
    What are plates? Divergent Boundaries
    - A plate
    • The Earth’s crust and upper mantle boundary where
    (Lithosphere) are broken into sections called two plates move
    plates. away from each
    other.
    • Plates move around on top of the mantle like RIFTING causes
    rafts. SEAFLOOR SPREADING.
    • A section of the lithosphere that slowly moves How is the rock pulled at Divergent Boundaries?
    over the asthenosphere, carrying pieces of
    continental and oceanic crust. Rock gets THIN in the middle as
    it is pulled apart.
    What is the Theory of Plate Tectonics? This STRESS is called TENSION.
    - The theory that pieces of Earth’s lithosphere are What happens when the rock
    in constant motion, driven by convection SNAPS from the Stress of Tension?
    currents in the mantle.
    A Normal Fault (fault is
     Plates move slowly in different
    a break in Earth’s crust)
    directions.
    Rock drops down as it
     Cause different geologic events (like
    breaks.
    earthquake, volcano, etc.)
    What happens next at Divergent Boundaries?
    What makes the plates move?
    • A geologic feature or event
    - Convection Currents in the mantle move the
    plates as the core heats the slowly-flowing • May form RIFT VALLEYS on continents and SEA-
    asthenosphere (the elastic/plastic-like part of FLOOR SPREADING in the ocean.
    the mantle).
    More on Divergent Boundaries

    • Divergent is like “dissecting” or “dividing”


    • If you pull warm bubble gum or silly putty, it will
    thin in the middle until it is stressed so much
    that it breaks.
    • Happens on land & under H2O

    Features of Divergent Boundaries


    • Mid-Ocean Ridges
    • Rift Valleys
    • Fissure Volcanoes

    Convergent Boundaries

    - A plate boundary where


    Plate Boundaries two plates move
    towards each other.
    - The edges of Earth’s plates meet at plate - Places where plates
    boundaries. crash (or crunch) together or subduct (one sinks
    - Extended deep into the lithosphere. under)

    FAULT – Breaks in Earth’s crust where rocks have How is the rock pushed at convergent boundaries?
    slipped past each other.
    Boundaries between two plates
    What are the three types of boundaries? that are colliding this stress is
    called COMPRESSION.
    • Divergent Boundaries
    There are 3 types of Convergent
    • Convergent Boundaries
    Boundaries
    • Transform Boundaries
    • OCEANIC TO CONTINENTAL (Ocean plate
    A different type of plate movement occurs along each colliding with a less dense continental plate)
    type of boundary.
    Subduction Zone: The process by which oceanic crust San Andreas Fault
    sinks beneath a deep-ocean trench and back into the in California.
    mantle at a convergent plate boundary.
    What happens when
    - VOLCANOES occur at subduction zones. the rock is sheared (or
    “cut”) from the Stress of Shearing?
    Example: Andes Mountains, South America
    • A STRIKE-SLIP FAULT
    • OCEANIC TO OCEANIC (Ocean plate colliding
    • Rocks on each side of the fault slip past each
    with another ocean plate)
    other as they break.
    TRENCH: The less dense plate
    More on Transform Boundaries
    slides under the more dense
    plate creating a subduction • Shearing means cutting (“Shears” are like
    zone. scissors)

    Example: Aleutian Islands, Alaska • Transform boundaries run like trains going past
    each other in different directions & they shake
    • CONTINENTAL TO CONTINENTAL (A continental
    the ground!
    plate colliding with another continental plate)

    HAVE COLLISION ZONES:


    A place where folded and
    thrust faulted mountains
    form.

    - May form Mountain Ranges.

    Example: the Himalayas or the Rockies.

    What happens when the rock is squeezed from the


    Stress of Compression?
    • A REVERSE
    FAULT
    • Rock is forced
    upward as it is
    squeezed.

    More on Convergent Boundaries

    • Convergent = “Connecting” boundaries


    • May work like a trash compactor smashing rock.
    • Rock goes crunches up to make folded
    mountains.
    • Rock goes down “under” a subduction
    zone.

    Transform Boundaries
    - A plate
    boundary where
    two plates move
    past each other
    in opposite
    direction.

    How is the rock broken at Transform Boundaries?

    Rock is pushed in two


    opposite directions (or
    sideways, but no rock is lost)
    is called SHEARING.

    What happens next at Transform Boundaries?

    • May cause Earthquakes


    when the rock snaps from
    the pressure.

    • A famous fault a
    Transform Boundary is the

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