2 Phrase
2 Phrase
2 Phrase
(Phrases)
Course code- 1606-222
Level- 4
What is Phrase?
• A phrase is a group of words (or possibly a single word)
that functions as a constituent in the syntax of a sentence,
a single unit within a grammatical hierarchy.
• The syntactic category of the head is used to name the category of the
phrase; for example, a phrase whose head is a noun is called a noun
phrase and the remaining words in a phrase are called
the dependents of the head.
• Examples:
➢ The very small kitten jumped at the big dog.
➢ he wanted to paint her room lemony yellow.
➢ My new kitten makes me very happy.
Prepositional Phrase
• Every prepositional phrase is a series of words made up of a
preposition and its object. The object may be a noun, pronoun,
gerund or clause. A prepositional phrase functions as an adjective
or adverb.
Examples:
➢ After many tries,
➢ Around the world,
➢ Before we start the meeting,
➢ The present inside the big box is mine.
Phrase Structure Tree
• Many theories of syntax and grammar illustrate
sentence structure using phrase 'trees', which
provide schematics of how the words in a sentence
are grouped and relate to each other.
• Phrase structure trees show the words, phrases, and,
at times, clauses that make up sentences. Any word
combination that corresponds to a complete sub-
tree can be seen as a phrase.
A tree diagram represents several aspects of “how
words are put together” in a sentence:
•The order of the words in a sentence.
•The word class (Part of Speech) of each word.
•The hierarchical structure of a sentence – the
grouping of words into phrases, and the
grouping of phrases into larger phrases.
Constituency and dependency trees