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    Gnu Radio

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    Islam Osama
    GNU Radio is an open-source software development toolkit that provides signal processing blocks to implement software-defined radios and signal-processing systems. It uses a flow graph-based programming model where signal processing blocks are connected to build applications. The blocks are implemented in C++ and the flow graphs are written in Python. GNU Radio works with low-cost external RF hardware like the Universal Software Radio Peripheral for analog signal processing. It supports software radio architectures from tier 1 to tier 3.

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    Gnu Radio

    Uploaded by

    Islam Osama
    258 views34 pages
    GNU Radio is an open-source software development toolkit that provides signal processing blocks to implement software-defined radios and signal-processing systems. It uses a flow graph-based programming model where signal processing blocks are connected to build applications. The blocks are implemented in C++ and the flow graphs are written in Python. GNU Radio works with low-cost external RF hardware like the Universal Software Radio Peripheral for analog signal processing. It supports software radio architectures from tier 1 to tier 3.

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    GNU Radio is an open-source software development toolkit that provides signal processing blocks to implement software-defined radios and signal-processing systems. It uses a flow graph-based programming model where signal processing blocks are connected to build applications. The blocks are implemented in C++ and the flow graphs are written in Python. GNU Radio works with low-cost external RF hardware like the Universal Software Radio Peripheral for analog signal processing. It supports software radio architectures from tier 1 to tier 3.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    258 views34 pages

    Gnu Radio

    Uploaded by

    Islam Osama
    GNU Radio is an open-source software development toolkit that provides signal processing blocks to implement software-defined radios and signal-processing systems. It uses a flow graph-based programming model where signal processing blocks are connected to build applications. The blocks are implemented in C++ and the flow graphs are written in Python. GNU Radio works with low-cost external RF hardware like the Universal Software Radio Peripheral for analog signal processing. It supports software radio architectures from tier 1 to tier 3.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    You are on page 1of 34
    At a glance
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    The key takeaways are that software radio is a technique for moving digital signal processing into software, replacing rigid hardware with flexible software based solutions. It also defines different tiers of software defined radio from hardware radio to ideal software radio. GNU Radio is an open source software toolkit, hardware platform and framework for building software radios.

    Software radio is an implementation technology that moves digital signal processing into software, replacing rigid hardware with flexible software based solutions. It differs from a hardware radio in that its operating parameters like frequency range and modulation can be changed through software alone without hardware modifications.

    The different tiers of software defined radio are tier 0 hardware radio, tier 1 software controlled radio, tier 2 software defined radio and tier 3 ideal software radio, with each tier increasing the programmability and flexibility through software.

    An Introduction to Gnu Radio

    Kuntal Ray

    Outline
    Introduction
    Software Radio What is GNU Radio?

    GNU Radio Architecture


    Hardware Architecture Software Architecture

    Programming the GNU Radio


    GNU Radio "Hello World" GNU Radio Companion

    References

    Outline
    Introduction
    Software Radio

    Software Radio
    An implementation technology A technique for moving digital signal processing into software Software Radio definition
    Replacing Rigid Hardware... with flexible software based solutions

    A software (defined) radio is a radio that includes a transmitter in which the operating parameters of the transmitter, including the frequency range, modulation type or maximum radiated or conducted output power can be altered by making a change in software without making any hardware changes.

    Defining Software Radio using Tiers


    Tier 0: The Hardware Radio
    The radio is implemented using hardware components only and cannot be modified except through physical intervention

    Tier 1: Software Controlled Radio(SCR)


    Multiple hardware transceivers are required to support several protocols. Software controls are used to choose which transceiver to activate. An example will be a dual-mode mobile phone implementing GSM and code division multiple access (CDMA).

    Defining Software Radio using Tiers


    Tier 2: Software Defined Radio
    It employs software to control various modulation techniques, wideband and narrowband operation, security. Example : GNU Radio and USRP2.

    Tier 3: Ideal Software Radio


    It includes all the features of Tier 2, but eliminates the analog amplification or heterodyne mixing prior to digital-to-analog conversion. Analog conversions taking place at the antenna.

    Outline
    Introduction
    What is GNU Radio?

    GNU Radio
    An open source software toolkit
    Supports, Linux, Mac OS and Windows Creating signal processing applications Defining waveforms in software Processing waveforms in software

    A hardware platform USRP, Universal software radio peripheral, low cost HW platform for preprocessing
    ADC &DAC FPGA Ethernet Interface to Host PC

    A framework for building software radio transceivers

    GNU Radio
    Using the GNU radio is cross disciplinary
    Requiring know-how in the fields of
    Computer programming Communications systems Digital signal processing Analog as well as digital hardware
    Hardware is also open source Schematics are available

    Outline

    GNU Radio Architecture


    Hardware Architecture

    GNU Radio Block Schematic

    GNU Radio block schematic in more detail

    Features of USRP2
    100 MS/s 14-bit dual (IQ) ADCs
    ~80 MHz instantaneous RF bandwidth

    400 MS/s 16-bit dual (IQ) DACs Gigabit Ethernet interface


    3-6x improvement over US Allows for 25 MHz of RF BW each way @16bits Wide enough for WiFi!

    Features of USRP2
    Bigger FPGA w/Multipliers (Spartan 3) 1 MB high-speed on-board SRAM High speed serial expansion interface Configured by flash
    Can operate without host computer

    Outline

    GNU Radio Architecture


    Software Architecture

    A 3 Tier Architecture
    Python scripting language used for creating "signal flow graphs" C++ used for creating signal processing blocks
    An already existing library of signaling blocks OFDM functionality is currently being added tested and will be added to the library.

    Python Application development, creating flow graphs

    C++ Signal processing modules


    Scheduler Controlling flow graphs

    The scheduler is using Pythons built-in module threading, to control the starting, stopping or waiting operations of the signal flow graph.

    Software development on GNU Radio


    The application of Python
    It is a high Level scripting language Select sources , sinks & signal processing blocks Set parameters for the various blocks Using Python for creating flow graphs Connects the Signal processing blocks

    Signal processing blocks in C++


    Built as shared libraries dynamically loaded using python import feature SWIG "Simplified Wrapper and Interface Generator" used for glue code allowing python import. Components needed in writing a C++ block
    .h & .cc file for class declaration .i file defining how SWIG generate glue code binding the C++ class into Python

    Outline

    Programming the GNU Radio


    GNU Radio "Hello World"

    Sine generator (350Hz)

    GNU Radio Hello World application


    #!/usr/bin/env python

    from gnuradio import gr from gnuradio import audio def build_graph (): sampling_freq = 48000 ampl = 0.1
    fg = gr.flow_graph () src0 = gr.sig_source_f (sampling_freq, gr.GR_SIN_WAVE, 350, ampl) src1 = gr.sig_source_f (sampling_freq, gr.GR_SIN_WAVE, 440, ampl) dst = audio.sink (sampling_freq) fg.connect ((src0, 0), (dst, 0)) fg.connect ((src1, 0), (dst, 1))

    Sine generator (350Hz)


    return fg if __name__ == __main__: fg = build_graph () fg.start () raw_input (Press Enter to quit: ) fg.stop ()

    Audio Sink Sine generator (450Hz)

    Hello world step-by-step


    #!/usr/bin/env python `

    Makes the python code executable by executing $ chmod +x filename.py"

    Sine generator (350Hz) Audio Sink Sine generator (450Hz)

    Hello world step-by-step


    #!/usr/bin/env python

    from gnuradio import gr from gnuradio import audio


    `

    Importing Necessary Modules, modules from GNU library

    Sine generator (350Hz) Audio Sink Sine generator (450Hz)

    Hello world step-by-step


    #!/usr/bin/env python

    from gnuradio import gr from gnuradio import audio def build_graph (): sampling_freq = 48000 ampl = 0.1
    `

    Setting up fo signal flow graph Sampling Freq and Amplitude on Sound Card

    Sine generator (350Hz) Audio Sink Sine generator (450Hz)

    Hello world step-by-step


    #!/usr/bin/env python

    from gnuradio import gr from gnuradio import audio def build_graph (): sampling_freq = 48000 ampl = 0.1

    Setting up sine waves at 350 and 440 Hz

    fg = gr.flow_graph () src0 = gr.sig_source_f (sampling_freq, gr.GR_SIN_WAVE, 350, ampl) src1 = gr.sig_source_f (sampling_freq, gr.GR_SIN_WAVE, 440, ampl)

    Sine generator (350Hz) Audio Sink Sine generator (450Hz)

    Hello world step-by-step


    #!/usr/bin/env python

    from gnuradio import gr from gnuradio import audio def build_graph (): sampling_freq = 48000 ampl = 0.1

    defining destination to be soundcard

    fg = gr.flow_graph () src0 = gr.sig_source_f (sampling_freq, gr.GR_SIN_WAVE, 350, ampl) src1 = gr.sig_source_f (sampling_freq, gr.GR_SIN_WAVE, 440, ampl) dst = audio.sink (sampling_freq) `

    Sine generator (350Hz) Audio Sink Sine generator (450Hz)

    Hello world step-by-step


    #!/usr/bin/env python

    from gnuradio import gr from gnuradio import audio def build_graph (): sampling_freq = 48000 ampl = 0.1

    connecting source and destinations

    fg = gr.flow_graph () src0 = gr.sig_source_f (sampling_freq, gr.GR_SIN_WAVE, 350, ampl) src1 = gr.sig_source_f (sampling_freq, gr.GR_SIN_WAVE, 440, ampl) dst = audio.sink (sampling_freq) fg.connect ((src0, 0), (dst, 0)) fg.connect ((src1, 0), (dst, 1))

    Sine generator (350Hz)


    `

    Audio Sink Sine generator (450Hz)

    Hello world step-by-step


    #!/usr/bin/env python

    from gnuradio import gr from gnuradio import audio def build_graph (): sampling_freq = 48000 ampl = 0.1

    returning created flow graph

    fg = gr.flow_graph () src0 = gr.sig_source_f (sampling_freq, gr.GR_SIN_WAVE, 350, ampl) src1 = gr.sig_source_f (sampling_freq, gr.GR_SIN_WAVE, 440, ampl) dst = audio.sink (sampling_freq) fg.connect ((src0, 0), (dst, 0)) fg.connect ((src1, 0), (dst, 1))

    Sine generator (350Hz)


    return fg

    Audio Sink Sine generator (450Hz)

    Hello world step-by-step


    #!/usr/bin/env python

    from gnuradio import gr from gnuradio import audio def build_graph (): sampling_freq = 48000 ampl = 0.1

    Create code to execute the flowgraph

    fg = gr.flow_graph () src0 = gr.sig_source_f (sampling_freq, gr.GR_SIN_WAVE, 350, ampl) src1 = gr.sig_source_f (sampling_freq, gr.GR_SIN_WAVE, 440, ampl) dst = audio.sink (sampling_freq) fg.connect ((src0, 0), (dst, 0)) fg.connect ((src1, 0), (dst, 1))

    Sine generator (350Hz)


    return fg

    if __name__ == __main__: fg = build_graph () fg.start () raw_input (Press Enter to quit: ) fg.stop ()

    Audio Sink Sine generator (450Hz)

    Outline

    GNU Radio Companion

    GNU Radio Companion(GRC)


    GRC is bundled with the GNU radio source. Graphical user Interface of GNU Radio Drag and drop feature. Flow can be created merely by connecting the block by mouse click GRC can generate source code as per the block connections.

    Outline

    References

    References
    GNU Radio website
    http://www.gnu.org/software/gnuradio/

    GNU Radio tutorials


    http://www.nd.edu/ jnl/sdr/

    How to Write a Signal Processing Block


    http://www.gnu.org/software/gnuradio/doc/how to-write-a-block.html

    Exploring GNU Radio


    http://www.gnu.org/software/gnuradio/doc/expl oring-gnuradio.html

    THANK YOU
    ANY QUESTIONS??

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