1.

GOSO

General Objective:
Within the ten-hour period of duty, I will be able to provide efficient and
effective perioperative nursing care to patient. I will be able to maintain surgical services
in accordance with competency standards and communicate continuously with
operating team and other medical staff to meet needs for patient care.

Specific Objectives:
Within ten (10) hours of OR duty, I will be able to:
1. report to the area neatly and well-groomed and adhere to proper
personal protective equipment (PPE) protocol from DOH and LGU.
2. become calm when a problem or toxic situation arises.
3. manage my time wisely.
4. identify and perform at least 3 top nursing management before, during,
and after surgery.
5. identify and perform at least 3 roles of a scrub and circulating nurse
respectively.
6. provide and recognize at least 70% of the surgical instruments on a
certain case given.
7. maintain sterility 100% of the time during surgery.
8. demonstrate the practice of ethical principles in relation to patient care
and confidentiality 100% of the time.
9. Learn how to properly drape the patient, proper handling of surgical
instruments, and familiarize at least 10 common medications before,
during, and after surgery.

2. Expectations to:

● Self – I expect myself to arrive on time and prepared with enough readings and
practice on skills. Also, to demonstrate a professional attitude in interactions
with professors, staff, co-student nurses and patients.
● Peers – I expect that my classmates or co-student nurses will assist me in times
of need as I will do for them, and I am convinced that they will, as they did since
the beginning.
 ● Staff – I expect all members of the GTLMH staff to be patient with me, as I am
still a novice in this field.
● Area Assigned – I expect this ward to be less overwhelming this since this will be
our second time though it will still be exciting and nerve-wracking. I’ve waited
my entire life to have this experience.
● Clinical Instructor – I expect our clinical instructor to demonstrate that she is
capable of meeting the physical demands of the area to which we have been
allocated. I'm eager to learn some knowledge from her in this expertise.

3. Define the following:

● Aseptic technique - This refers to the methods and processes that are used to
prevent pathogen contamination. It entails adhering to the strictest restrictions
possible in order to reduce the risk of infection. In operation rooms, clinics,
outpatient care facilities, and other health care settings, healthcare workers
practice aseptic technique.
● Operating rooms – These are built for surgeons and surgical staff to undertake
time-consuming, patient-focused, and safe surgical procedures. It is a sterile,
organized environment.
The OR environment has sterile and non-sterile areas, as well as sterile and
nonsterile personnel. It is important to know who is sterile and who not, and
which areas in the OR are sterile or non-sterile.
STERILE OR PERSONNEL
● Surgeon
● Surgical assistant
● Scrub nurse
NON-STERILE OR PERSONNEL
● Anesthesiologist
● Circulating nurse
● Technologist, student, or observer
● PACU - It is an abbreviation for Post Anesthesia Care Unit. It is the unit to which
patients are admitted following any surgical treatment. It is a necessary
component of hospitals and other healthcare facilities. It is typically attached to
operating room suites and is specifically designed to care for patients
recuperating from anesthesia, whether general, local, or regional, such as
epidurals and spinals.

4. Task and responsibilities of the members of the Surgical team

● Surgeon – The surgeon is a licensed physician (MD), osteopath (DO), oral

surgeon (DDS or DMD), or podiatrist (DPM). This professional is especially
trained and is qualified by knowledge and experience for the performance of a
surgical operation.
Responsibilities of a surgeon:
o Preoperative diagnosis and care of the patient
o Performance of the surgical procedure
 o Postoperative management of care

● Assistant Surgeon – During a surgical procedure, the operating surgeon can have
one or two assistants to perform specific tasks under his/her (operating
surgeon) direction.
The responsibilities of a surgeon’s assistant:
o Help maintain the visibility of the surgical site
o Control bleeding
o Close wounds
o Apply dressings
o Handles tissues
o Uses instruments

● Anesthesiologist – An anesthesiologist is a medical practitioner who is certified

by a certain institution while an anesthetist could either be a qualified and
licensed nurse, dentist or a physician who administers anesthetics. The
anesthetist works under the supervision of an anesthesiologist or a surgeon
when administering a drug or gas.
Responsibilities of an anesthesiologist or anesthetist
o Choice and application of appropriate agents.
o Choice and application of suitable techniques of administration.
o Monitoring of physiologic function.
o Maintenance of fluid and electrolyte balance.
o Blood replacement.
o Helps in minimizing the hazards of shock, fire and electrocution.
o Use and interpret correctly a wide variety of monitoring devices.
o Overseeing the positioning and movement of patients.
o Oversee the post anesthesia care unit (PACU) to provide resuscitative
care until the patient has regained vital functions.

● Scrub Nurse – assist and support surgeons during the surgical procedure to
ensure the patient receives the best, safest, and most effective treatment
possible.
Prior to surgery:
1. Make certain that the operating room is clean and ready for setup, and
then prepare the surgical instruments and equipment.
2. Count all surgical materials and maintain a sterile environment by
cleaning hands and arms with Betadine® or chlorhexidine and donning
sterile clothes such as a gown, gloves, and face mask.

Throughout surgery:
1. Assisting the surgeon and ensuring patient safety by selecting and
passing equipment, swabs, and sponges to the surgeon.
2. After each usage, cleans the instruments and repositions them on the
table.
3. When additional instruments or supplies are required, the scrub
practitioner requests them from the circulating team members.

Following surgery:
 1. Count all instruments, sponges, and other items and communicate the
total to the surgeon.
2. Clear the working area of all instruments and equipment.
3. Help apply dressing to the surgical site and usually transport the patient
to the recovery area.
4. Complete any necessary documentation about the surgery or the
patient’s transfer to recovery.

● Circulating Nurse – A circulator is preferably a registered nurse. However, in

some cases a surgical technologist can perform the role of a circulator with the
direct supervision from a registered nurse.
Prior to Surgery:
1. Responsible for properly setting up the operating room. This includes
inspecting its disposables inventory, which includes pads and sponges,
as well as sterilized tools from the autoclave.
2. Assist the scrub nurse in organizing the surgeon's instruments and
supplies according to his or her preferences.
3. Inspect all equipment used during the procedure to ensure it is
operating normally. Verifies the patient's identity and completion of all
required consent forms before discussing the location and nature of the
treatment with the surgeon upon arrival in the operating room.

During surgery:
4. Promote operating room cleanliness and sterility by informing operating
room staff of anything that could cause contamination.
5. In charge of opening sterile things to allow the surgical team easy access
to the sterile equipment without becoming contaminated.
6. Properly position the patient on the surgical table.
7. Assembles any necessary equipment, such as suction and diathermy,
and communicates with the surgeon regarding their requirements.
8. Supplies the surgical team with sterile fluids and drugs as needed and
replenishes the surgical team's supplies as needed.

Following surgery:
9. Assist the scrub nurse and other staff members in cleaning the room
and preparing it for the next procedure.

● PACU Nurse – offer postoperative care for patients, identify and prevent
complications, alleviate patients' discomfort, and continuously monitor their
status.

5. Nurse’s responsibility during Pre-operative Assessment

Preparing patients for their perioperative journey is critical to ensuring they
receive the finest care and achieve the greatest potential outcomes following anesthesia
and surgery. Visits to the patient before to surgery are the first step toward providing
high-quality treatment. Preoperative visits by perioperative practitioners (i.e., operating
department practitioners (ODP) or theatre nurses) are critical to ensuring that the
patient
 is prepared for anesthesia and surgery and that perioperative staff has the most up-to-
date information about the patient.

Communication with patients entails various critical aspects, including verifying

patient information, verifying their medical history, analyzing their present health, and
recognizing any concerns the patient may have. Educating patients is critical for
preparing them for surgery and providing information about what will happen to them
and why. This may also aid to alleviate their anxiousness prior to the day of surgery's
anesthetic. Preoperative education covers pulmonary exercises, anesthetic information,
surgical information, and patient information pamphlets. Additionally, it is critical to
gather information on the patient. For instance, allergies, preferences and dislikes,
personal challenges (such as mental health issues, learning disabilities, or any form of
abuse or addiction), religious views, concerns, and personality qualities such as positive
and negative attitudes are all examples. Concurrent medical disorders, such as
uncomfortable joints, skin problems, tissue viability, and pain, can potentially have an
influence on patients undergoing surgery. One of the most critical aspects is informed
consent, which may include defining the purpose of consent, ensuring it is complete and
legitimate, and outlining the patient's rights. Discharge planning can help alleviate
additional concern, including plans for pick-up, surgical care, postoperative medications,
exercises, pain treatment, and dressing changes. Given that one of the most common
anxieties of patients is not waking up, discussing discharge plans will assist the patient in
developing a more positive attitude toward their surgery and its results.

In the majority of operating rooms, the adoption of a perioperative care plan is

normal procedure. Assessment of needs; diagnosis of issues; anesthesia requirements
(e.g., denture removal, latex allergy, pain relief, appropriate time of fasting to avoid
inhalation of gastric fluids into the lungs); physiological assessment (e.g., blood pressure,
heart rate and rhythm, respiration, and body temperature); fluid and electrolyte
requirements; psychosocial requirements (e.g., anxiety, fear, lack of understanding,
maintaining dignity). Diagnostic screening establishes the existence or absence of
diseases or illnesses and establishes a baseline for the patient's physiological
parameters, including blood pressure, pulse, respiration, and temperature. Continuous
monitoring of these indicators throughout surgery aids in detecting any alterations, such
as rapid dips in blood pressure or changes in pulse rates. Blood tests are typically
performed before to the majority of surgical procedures to examine the patient's health.
These include a complete blood count; blood crossmatching; blood urea and glucose
levels; and arterial oxygen saturation.

6. Post-Operative Health Teachings

These are effective, controlled breathing and coughing strategies that are critical
for bronchial secretion regulation.

These are used to:

a. Facilitate the interchange of a wide variety of gases.
b. Increase lung expansion and secretion mobilization.
c. Prevent the development of orthostatic pneumonia.
d. To induce relaxation in the customer.
The following scenarios need the performance of these exercises:
a. In the case of customers with COPD.
b. For clients suffering from atelectasis.
c. For individuals predisposed to pulmonary issues d. For patients predisposed to
pulmonary secretion accumulation

Procedure:
1. Prior to completing the specified procedures, we would need to assess the client's
condition and rule out any factors that could jeopardize the procedure's outcome.
2. Breathing from the abdomen and with a pursed lip.
a. Prior to that, we must explain to the customer how diaphragmatic breathing
can assist them in breathing more deeply and efficiently.
b. Next, we'll place the client in a comfortable SEMI-FOWLER'S POSITION with
the knees flexed, the back supported, and one head cushion, or in a SUPINE
POSITION with one head pillow and flexed knees. The client can practice the
procedure once he or she has learned it.
c. Instruct the client to place ONE or BOTH HANDS on his or her belly, right
below the ribs.
d. Instruct the client to BREATHE IN THROUGH THE NOSE with the mouth
closed, to maintain a relaxed posture, to avoid arching the back, and to focus on
feeling the abdomen rise as far as possible. This will assist the sufferer in
relaxing.
o Instruct the client to take a rapid, vigorous intake through the nose if he
or she has difficulties rising the abdomen.
e. Now,
o Instruct the client to PURSE THE LIPS AS IF ABOUT TO WHISTLE.
o Breath out slowly and gently, making a slow “whooshing” sound
o While avoid puffing out the cheeks
o And concentrate on feeling the abdomen fall or sink
o And, to tighten the abdominal muscles while breathing out.
f. If the client has COPD, teach the “DOUBLE COUGH” technique.
o Have the client breath in through the nose and inflate the lungs to MID
INSPIRATION POINT, rather than full deep inspiration point.
o Simultaneously exhale and cough two or more abrupt, sharp coughs in
rapid succession.
g. Instruct the client to USE THIS EXERCISE WHENEVER FEELING SHORTNESS OF
BREATH to increase it gradually 5-10 minutes four (4) times a day.
3. Coughing exercise:
a. The first step in performing this exercise, is instructing the patient to INHALE
AND EXHALE THROUGH THE NOSE THREE (3) TIMES.
b. Now, ask the patient to take a deep breath and hold it for three (3) seconds
and then cough out three (3) short breaths.
c. Next, ask the patient to BREATHE THROUGH HIS MOUTH, then strongly cough
again.
d. Lastly, instruct the patient to perform these actions at least every 2 hours. This
is to get rid of mucus and phlegm out of the client’s airways.
4. Apical Expansion Exercise
 a. First you need to do is to place your fingers below the client’s clavicles and
exert moderate pressure, or have the client place his or her fingers over the
same area.
b. Next, Instruct the client to INHALE THROUGH THE NOSE and to concentrate
on pushing the upper chest upward and forward against the fingers.
c. Have the client HOLD THE INHALATION FOR A FEW SECONDS.
d. Instruct the client to exhale through the mouth or nose slowly, quietly and
passively while concentrating on moving the upper chest inward and downward.
e. Lastly, instruct the client to perform the exercise for at least five (5)
respirations four (4) times a day.
5. Basal Expansion Exercises
a. First, place the palm of your hands in the area of the lower ribs along the mid-
axillary lines, and exert moderate pressure, or have the client do this.
b. Next, you have to Instruct the client to inhale through the nose and to
concentrate on moving the lower chest outward against the hands.
c. Have the client hold the inhalation for a few seconds.
d. Now, have the client exhale through the nose and mouth slowly, quietly and
passively. If the person has COPD, observe the rate and character of the
exhalation. Normal exhalation is slow and the upper chest will appear more
relaxed. If the exhalation appears difficult or there is drawing in the upper chest,
encourage client to perform the purse-lip exhalation.
e. Next, have the client exhale through the nose or mouth slowly, quietly and
passively. If the person has COPD, observe the rate and character of the
exhalation. Normal exhalation is slow, and the upper chest appears relaxed. If
the exhalation appears difficult or there is in drawing of the upper chest,
encourage pursed-lip exhalation.
f. Then, Instruct the client to perform this exercise at least five (5) respirations
four (4) times a day.
g. Lastly, evaluate and correct the patient’s breathing technique as necessary.

7. Types of Anesthesia
a. General Anesthesia
General anesthesia is what people most often think of when they hear
the word "anesthesia". During general anesthesia, you are unconscious and
have no awareness or sensations. Many different medications may be used
during general anesthesia. Some are anesthetic gases or vapors that are given
through a breathing tube or a mask. Some medications are given through the IV
to induce sleep, relax muscles, and treat pain.
The most frequent side effect of general anesthesia is drowsiness
afterward. This typically goes away within the first hour or two after surgery
ends. Some patients may experience a sore throat or nausea. If you have a
history of motion sickness or nausea after prior operations, be sure to mention
that to your physicians and nurses, as you may need medication before surgery
to help prevent nausea afterward.
Serious reactions to general anesthesia are very rare. Your anesthesia
team has immediate access to emergency medications to treat any kind of
reaction, and will monitor your vital signs continuously throughout surgery and
recovery.
b. Regional Anesthesia
Regional anesthesia entails injecting a local anesthetic near nerves to
numb a portion of the body. There are several types of regional anesthetics
including spinal anesthesia, epidural anesthesia and various specific nerve
blocks. When Regional Anesthesia is used, patients may be awake, sedated or
put to sleep for their surgical procedure. The following are the types of regional
anesthesia:
1. Epidural Anesthesia involves the injection of a local anesthetic,
usually with a narcotic, into the epidural space, through either a needle
or catheter. The epidural space is outside of the spinal cord. This type of
anesthesia is commonly used in labor and delivery and for procedures of
the lower extremities.
2. Spinal Anesthesia also involves the injection of a local
anesthetic, with or without a narcotic, into the fluid that surrounds the
spinal cord. This type of anesthesia is commonly used for genitourinary
procedures, cesarean sections and procedures of the lower extremities.
3. Nerve Blocks are used to block pain at a specific site. By
injecting a local anesthetic into or around a specific nerve or group of
nerves, pain relief can be localized to the site of pain. This type of
anesthesia provides pain control during and after a procedure, It is
associated with minimal side effects. Examples of nerve blocks include
an adductor canal nerve block for knee surgery, an interscalene nerve
block for shoulder surgery, and a supraclavicular nerve block for arm
surgery.
Having regional anesthesia for surgery doesn't mean that you
have to be completely awake. Many patients prefer to receive sedation
so that they can relax and doze off during the procedure. Sometimes
regional anesthesia is used in combination with general anesthesia for
major surgery on the chest or abdomen. This technique has the
advantage that patients don't need as much opioid pain medication
after surgery.
c. Sedation
Sedation, also known as "monitored anesthesia care", is what people
have often referred to in the past as "twilight". Medications are given, usually
through an IV, to make the patient feel drowsy and relaxed. Different levels of
sedation are possible, depending on the type of procedure and the patient's
preference.
Under mild sedation, often used for eye surgery, a patient is awake and
can respond to questions or instructions. With moderate sedation, the patient
may doze off but awakens easily. Deep sedation is nearly the same as general
anesthesia, meaning that the patient is deeply asleep though able to breathe
without assistance. Deep sedation with a medication called propofol is often
used for procedures such as upper endoscopy or colonoscopy.
d. Local Anesthesia
Local anesthesia is the term used for medications such as lidocaine that
are injected through a needle or applied as a cream to numb a small area. Local
anesthesia alone may provide enough pain relief for limited procedures such as
sewing up a deep cut or filling dental cavities. It is often used along with
sedation
 during minor outpatient surgery. At the end of many operations, the surgeon may
inject local anesthesia to provide additional pain relief during recovery.

8. Enumerate the WHO Surgical safety checklist

9. Surgical responsibility of a Scrub Nurse and Circulating Nurse during Pre-op, Intra-op, and
Post-operative.

a. Scrub Nurse
Prior to surgery:
3. Make certain that the operating room is clean and ready for setup, and
then prepare the surgical instruments and equipment.
4. Count all surgical materials and maintain a sterile environment by
cleaning hands and arms with Betadine® or chlorhexidine and donning
sterile clothes such as a gown, gloves, and face mask.

Throughout surgery:
4. Assisting the surgeon and ensuring patient safety by selecting and
passing equipment, swabs, and sponges to the surgeon.
 5. After each usage, cleans the instruments and repositions them on the
table.
6. When additional instruments or supplies are required, the scrub
practitioner requests them from the circulating team members.

Following surgery:
5. Count all instruments, sponges, and other items and communicate the
total to the surgeon.
6. Clear the working area of all instruments and equipment.
7. Help apply dressing to the surgical site and usually transport the patient
to the recovery area.
8. Complete any necessary documentation about the surgery or the
patient’s transfer to recovery.
b. Circulating Nurse
Prior to Surgery:
1. Responsible for properly setting up the operating room. This includes
inspecting its disposables inventory, which includes pads and sponges,
as well as sterilized tools from the autoclave.
2. Assist the scrub nurse in organizing the surgeon's instruments and
supplies according to his or her preferences.
3. Inspect all equipment used during the procedure to ensure it is
operating normally. Verifies the patient's identity and completion of all
required consent forms before discussing the location and nature of the
treatment with the surgeon upon arrival in the operating room.

During surgery:
4. Promote operating room cleanliness and sterility by informing operating
room staff of anything that could cause contamination.
5. In charge of opening sterile things to allow the surgical team easy access
to the sterile equipment without becoming contaminated.
6. Properly position the patient on the surgical table.
7. Assembles any necessary equipment, such as suction and diathermy,
and communicates with the surgeon regarding their requirements.
8. Supplies the surgical team with sterile fluids and drugs as needed and
replenishes the surgical team's supplies as needed.

Following surgery:
9. Assist the scrub nurse and other staff members in cleaning the room
and preparing it for the next procedure.

10. Enumerate the PACU Nursing Interventions and responsibility

a. On the patient’s arrival, recovery practitioners check their condition regularly

and stay at the bedside giving direct patient care.
b. Prepare essential equipment such as oxygen supplies, suction, ECG monitors,
blood oxygen saturation (SpO2) monitors, intubation equipment, cardiac arrest
trolley and patient heating devices.
 c. When the patient recovers from anesthesia and any problems have been
resolved, PACU nurses arrange for their return to the ward.
d. Orient the patient once awake and conscious.

11. Enumerate the Principles of Aseptic technique

1. Only sterile items are used within the sterile field.
2. Gowns are considered sterile only from the waist to shoulder level in
front and the sleeves.
3. Tables are sterile only at table level.
4. Persons who are sterile touch only sterile items or areas; persons who
are not sterile touch only unsterile or area.
5. Unsterile persons avoid reaching over a sterile field; sterile persons
avoid leaning over an unsterile area.
6. Edges pr anything that encloses sterile contents are considered unsterile.
7. Sterile fields are created as close as possible to the time of use.
8. Sterile areas are continuously kept in view.
9. Sterile persons keep well within the sterile area.
10. Sterile persons keep contact with sterile areas to a minimum.
11. Unsterile persons avoid sterile area.
12. Destruction of integrity of microbial barriers results in contamination.
13. Microorganisms must be kept to an irreducible minimum.

13 Principles of Aseptic Technique in Operating Room. (2018, Dec 18). Retrieved from
https://paperap.com/paper-on-13-principles-of-sterile-technique/
12. Basic Operating Room Instruments Major and Minor set (GTLMH set-up)
 MAJOR SET

10 Kelly Curved

Function: An essential component for any tactical medical kit, these curved 5.5" Kelly Hemostatic
Forceps with a serrated blunt tip can be used to clamp large blood vessels, manipulate heavy tissue, and
dissect soft tissue. The jaws are one-third the length of the shanks, and serrations are one-half the
length of the jaws.

4 Allis

Function: An Allis clamp (also called the Allis forceps) is a commonly used surgical instrument. The Allis
clamp is a surgical instrument with sharp teeth, used to hold or grasp heavy tissue. It is also used to
grasp fascia and soft tissues such as breast or bowel tissue. Finger ring, ratcheted forceps are used for
firmly grasping organs and slippery or dense tissue during surgery. Teeth curve to the inside and are
designed to help decrease general pressure applied to the area.
 2 Babcock

Function: Babcock Forceps are finger ring, ratcheted, non-perforating forceps used to grasp delicate
tissue. They are frequently used with intestinal and laparotomy procedures. Babcock Forceps are similar
to Allis forceps. However, they may be considered less traumatic due to their wider, rounded grasping
surface. The jaws are circumferential, and the tips are triangular and fenestrated with horizontal
serrations. They are particularly useful for grasping tube-shaped structures.

5 Towel Clips

Function: Used in surgery to position surgical drapes on the patient and other items in the sterile
surgical field, for example power cables, light cables, fluid tubing, etc.

2 Army Navy

Function: The Army Navy Retractor, sometimes called US or USA Army Retractor, is used for shallow or
superficial wounds. Used to gain exposure of skin layers.

1 Tissue forcep with TEETH

Function: Tissue forceps are used to manipulate tissues; support tissues while making incisions, and
suturing; retract tissues to improve exposure; grasp suture materials and needles; and “become your
fingers in most cases” as usually less traumatic, more accurate and faster.

1 Tissue forcep without TEETH

Function: Non-toothed forceps used for fine handling of tissue and traction during dissection.

1 Big Basin

Function: holds other instruments

 1 Small kidney basin

Function: A kidney dish or emesis basin is a shallow basin with a kidney-shaped base and sloping walls
used in medical and surgical wards to receive soiled dressings and other medical waste.

1 Round basin

Function: holds other instruments

1 MTC (Mayo tray cover)

Function: Designed to cover Mayo Stands. MTC must be placed at the uppermost part of the set

1 Bladder Retractor
Function: Used to facilitate dissection of the vascular pedicles during laparoscopic radical cystectomy.
These are basically used for general surgeries for female and in cystectomy.

MINOR SET
6 kelly curved

Function: clamping large blood vessels or manipulating heavy tissue. They may also be used for soft tissue
dissection. This instrument can be used as a clamp, heat sink, or third hand

2 allis

Function: allis clamp is a surgical instrument with sharp teeth, used to hold or grasp heavy tissue. It is also
used to grasp fascia and soft tissues such as breast or bowel tissue

2 Babcock
Function: are finger ring, ratcheted, non-perforating forceps used to grasp delicate tissue in laser
procedures. The Babcock's is invented to hold tubular organs; the orifices in the blades accommodate
some part of the tissue and reduce the intraluminal pressure, which protects the organs from getting
damaged.

5 Towel clips

Function: hold drapes in place3, to keep only the operating field exposed. The basic towel clamp design
includes locking handles and a tip, which may be curved or pointed, and may have teeth for traction.

1 tissue forceps with teeth

Function: Tissue Forceps with Teeth are used to grasp tissues in surgical procedures. These forceps have
sharp teeth that assure the secure holding of tissues. Usually, they are designed to reduce the damage
to biological tissues.

1 tissue forceps without teeth

Function: Non-toothed forceps used for fine handling of tissue and traction during dissection.

2 Small kidney basin/ round basin

Function: shallow basin of curved, kidney shaped design, used to collect body fluids or serves as a
container for various other liquids. It can also be used to place soiled bandages or used instruments
during operating procedures.

2 Army Navy

Function: used for shallow or superficial wounds. The Army Navy Retractor is a basic surgical instrument
included in most minor and major surgical set. Features: Used to retract skin or bones.
 1 MTC (Mayo tray cover)

Function: MTC must be placed at the uppermost part of the set

LAP PACK
5 OR GOWNS: A surgical gown is a personal protective garment intended to be worn by health care
personnel during surgical procedures to protect both the patient and health care personnel from the
transfer of microorganisms, body fluids, and particulate matter.

4 OR TOWELS- a sterile drape used to cover the body while surgery is being performed
1 Upper draw sheet (gamay)- to isolate the surgical site from the other areas of the patient's body and
nonsterile areas of the OR table in order to contribute to reducing the risk of surgical site infection (SSI)

1 Lower draw sheet (dako)- same

1 Lap Sheet- to eliminate the passage of microorganisms between nonsterile and sterile areas
SPINAL SET
3 cherry balls

1 Eye towel

D AND C SET

1 uterine sound: used to gauge the depth and position of the uterine cavity. It is also helpful with the
placement of IUDs (Intra-uterine device) and the verification of the intrauterine position and length for
HSG (Hysterosalpingography) procedures.
1 Allis: allis clamp is a surgical instrument with sharp teeth, used to hold or grasp heavy tissue. It is also
used to grasp fascia and soft tissues such as breast or bowel tissue.

1 Ovum Forcep -used to grasp, hold, manipulate and remove tissue from inside the uterus including the
ovum and placenta. Ovum forceps are used during procedures such as caesarean section, hysterectomy,
and uterine repair and are also sometimes used as a hemostat.

1 Uterine Dilator - to gently open the cervix before a gynecologic procedure that requires the cervix to
be open, allowing access to the uterus and fallopian tubes. Cervical dilation reduces the risk of injury to
the cervix during such a procedure.
1 Tenaculum - It consists of a slender sharp-pointed hook attached to a handle and is used mainly in
surgery for seizing and holding parts, such as blood vessels.

2 OR towels

1 Pair of leggings