The document summarizes the key differences between eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells. Eukaryotic cells have a nucleus, organelles like mitochondria and the endoplasmic reticulum, and complex microtubules and cytoskeleton. They are usually larger multicellular organisms like plants and animals. Prokaryotic cells like bacteria lack a nucleus and organelles, are typically unicellular, smaller, and have simpler cell structures like plasmids instead of chromosomes. Their DNA is packaged differently than eukaryotes.
The document summarizes the key differences between eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells. Eukaryotic cells have a nucleus, organelles like mitochondria and the endoplasmic reticulum, and complex microtubules and cytoskeleton. They are usually larger multicellular organisms like plants and animals. Prokaryotic cells like bacteria lack a nucleus and organelles, are typically unicellular, smaller, and have simpler cell structures like plasmids instead of chromosomes. Their DNA is packaged differently than eukaryotes.
The document summarizes the key differences between eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells. Eukaryotic cells have a nucleus, organelles like mitochondria and the endoplasmic reticulum, and complex microtubules and cytoskeleton. They are usually larger multicellular organisms like plants and animals. Prokaryotic cells like bacteria lack a nucleus and organelles, are typically unicellular, smaller, and have simpler cell structures like plasmids instead of chromosomes. Their DNA is packaged differently than eukaryotes.
The document summarizes the key differences between eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells. Eukaryotic cells have a nucleus, organelles like mitochondria and the endoplasmic reticulum, and complex microtubules and cytoskeleton. They are usually larger multicellular organisms like plants and animals. Prokaryotic cells like bacteria lack a nucleus and organelles, are typically unicellular, smaller, and have simpler cell structures like plasmids instead of chromosomes. Their DNA is packaged differently than eukaryotes.
Differences between Eukaryotic Cell and Prokaryotic Cell
Eukaryotic Cell Prokaryotic Cell
Nucleus Present Absent Number of chromosomes More than one One--but not true chromosome: Plasmids Cell Type Usually multicellular Usually unicellular (some cyanobacteria may be multicellular) True Membrane bound Present Absent Nucleus Animals and Plants Bacteria and Archaea Example Genetic Recombination Meiosis and fusion of Partial, unidirectional transfers gametes DNA Lysosomes and peroxisomes Present Absent Microtubules Present Absent or rare Endoplasmic reticulum Present Absent Mitochondria Present Absent Cytoskeleton Present May be absent DNA wrapping on proteins. Eukaryotes wrap their DNA Multiple proteins act together to around proteins called fold and condense prokaryotic histones. DNA. Folded DNA is then organized into a variety of conformations that are supercoiled and wound around tetramers of the HU protein. Ribosomes Larger Smaller Vesicles Present Present Golgi apparatus Present Absent Chloroplasts Present (in plants) Absent, chlorophyll scattered in the cytoplasm Flagella Microscopic in size; Submicroscopic in size, composed membrane bound; usually of only one fiber arranged as nine doublets surrounding two singlets Permeability of Nuclear Selective Not present Membrane Plasma membrane with Yes Usually no steroid Cell wall Only in plant cells and fungi Usually chemically complexed (chemically simpler) Vacuoles Present Present Cell size 10-100um 1-10um