Agritourism in Cagayan North Final Manuscript 1

St.
Paul University Philippines

Tuguegarao City, Cagayan 3500 1
AGRITOURISM IN CAGAYAN NORTH
__________________________
A Thesis Proposal
Presented to the Faculty of the
School of Business, Accountancy and Hospitality Management
Saint Paul University Philippines
Tuguegarao City
____________________________
In Partial Fulfillment
of the Requirements for the Degree
BACHELOR OF SCIENCE IN TOURISM MANAGEMENT
____________________________
By:
Corpuz, Rochelle A.
Jaramillo, Jaina I.
Maramag, Ma. Theresa Niel B.
SPUP School of Business Accountancy and Hospitality Management

St. Paul University Philippines
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Chapter 1: THE INTRODUCTION AND REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE
Introduction..................................................3
Review of Related Literature..................................6
Conceptual Framework.........................................20
Research Paradigm............................................21
Statement of the Problem.....................................22
Hypothesis...................................................23
Significance of the Study....................................24
Scope and Limitations........................................25
Definition of Terms..........................................26
Chapter 2: Methodology
Research Design..............................................27
Research Participants........................................27
Sample and Sampling Technique................................28
Research Instruments.........................................28
Data Gathering Procedure.....................................28
Data Analysis................................................29
Chapter 3: RESULTS AND DISCUSSION.........................30
Chapter 4: SUMMARY OF FINDINGS, CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
Summary of Findings..........................................60
Conclusions..................................................62
Recommendations..............................................63
REFERENCES...............................................65
APPENDICES...............................................78
CURRICULUM VITAE.........................................89

Chapter 1
THE INTRODUCTION AND REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE
Introduction
According to Jolly (2020), Agritourism is a commercial
enterprise at a working farm, ranch, or agricultural plant
conducted for the enjoyment of visitors that generates
supplemental income for the owner. It may include
activities such as a visit to a farm, watching and getting
involved in farm activities, experiencing the livestock such
as cattle and goats, bullock cart ride, spending a day or
two amidst nature, eating food cooked by local farmers and
labor, visiting the rural market and other such allied
activities which relate to an agriculture farm Agritourism
is becoming a popular industry for the past years, but
despite its development, there is a vulnerability about the
benefits that Agritourism brings to society, particularly to
rural communities.
Perceptions are viewed in different segments, such as

the perceived benefits of Agritourism and the issues and
challenges faced by the owners, farmers, and tourists on
agritourism. The variables are to have an awareness about
the existence of agritourism in Cagayan North, as it creates
employment opportunities in the rural areas. On the other
hand, Agri tourism is gaining increasing worldwide
recognition as a good opportunity for enhancing rural
household incomes, economy. According to Karampela et al.
(2016), “Agritourism is no longer just an activity where
farmers provide accommodation. The services involved in

agritourism products are offered more often in smaller

packages of agritourism experience and not from the same
enterprises.
This kind of product requires better cooperation

between enterprises and networks that provide an opportunity
for the exchange of knowledge and the importance of
cooperation and networks in its sustainability. As in
agritourism, two distinctive sectors coexist, Agriculture
which provides most of the world’s food and fabrics and
Tourism refers to the business of providing accommodation &
associated services to the people visiting places. The term
Agritourism is a combination of the word agriculture and
tourism. Agritourism is defined as any agriculturally based
operation or activity that attract tourists to a farm,
ranch, or any natural site such as pineapple plantations,
orchid farms, and bee farms for outdoor recreational
activities, education, shopping, or even lodging.
Agritourism is a type of mass tourism alternative based on
sustainability and the preservation of culture, heritage,
and traditions in rural areas. Many individuals are looking
and hoping to get away from the busy and hustle life in the
city to return to nature; with the result of agritourism
destinations gaining popularity among tourists. It is
intended to build and increase farm income, and gives
recreation, amusement, and additionally, it gives an
instructive or educational experience to guests.
Based on the same approach of Gil Arroyo et al.,

analyzed perceptions of three stakeholder groups (farm
owners, tourist, and extension agents), suggesting that
“activities offered on non-working agricultural facilities

or those in which the setting is only used for landscape

purposes should not be promoted as agritourism to avoid
further confusion”.  Simply stated, agritourism could be
thought of as the crossroads of tourism and agriculture. 
Agritourism can be defined as a form of commercial
enterprise that links agricultural production and/or
processing with tourism to attract visitors onto a farm,
ranch, or other agricultural business for the purposes of
entertaining and/or educating the visitors and generating
income for the farm, ranch, or business owners.
Agritourism presents a unique opportunity to combine

aspects of the tourism and agriculture industries to provide
several financial, educational, and social benefits to
tourists, farmers, and communities. It gives farmers an
opportunity to generate additional income and an avenue for
direct marketing to consumers.  It enhances the tourism
industry by increasing the volume of visitors to an area and
the length of their stay.  Agritourism also provides
communities with the potential to increase their local tax
bases and new employment opportunities.  Additionally,
agritourism provides educational opportunities to the
public, helps to preserve agricultural lands, and allows
states to develop business enterprises.  While agritourism
may create new potential revenue streams, it also presents
new legal issues for farmers and landowners. In Filipino
society, agriculture has always been part of it. This is who
we are, a nation of abundant natural resources, populated by
wet, hospitable individuals who know how to till the soil.
Recognizing its meaning and sharing it proudly with the
world only intensifies our great love for the Philippines.

The Southern Cagayan Research Center-Cagayan

Breeding Station located in Solana, Cagayan offers a true-
farm experience to tourists in which they can pick squash,
green pepper, eggplant, and other crop produce, following
the ‘pick-and-pay’ rule. In partnership with the Local
Government Unit of Solana, all barangays were divided into
nine clusters, each cluster maintaining its own “pinakbet”
organic garden. Pinakbet is a favorite Ilocano dish composed
of various vegetables. Other accredited agritourism sites
that are found in Cagayan, North are Caranguian Integrated
Farm at Zone 2, Barangay Baculud, Iguig, Grandeza Integrated
Farm at Mabutal East, Ballesteros, DA-SCRC Agri Farm Eco-
Tourism Park at Minanga Norte, Iguig, DA-NCES Agri-Farm
Tourism and Farm School at Barangay Lucban, Abulug.
Thus, the researchers conducted the study to know the

perception of owners, farmers, and tourists on Agritourism
in Cagayan North. The researcher's objectives were to
determine the awareness of the farmers when it comes to
perceived benefits in Agritourism, as well as the tourist to
be aware of the existence of Agritourism in Cagayan North.
Review of Related Literature

To gain better knowledge and understanding regarding
perceptions in agritourism, different concepts relevant to
the study were gathered by the researcher.
Agritourism
According to the Department of Tourism (DOT), a type of

tourism activity that involves caring for farm animals,
planting, harvesting, and processing agricultural products
in a rural setting. It covers the area's attractions,

activities, services, and facilities, as well as other

resources, to promote an understanding of the local culture,
heritage, and customs through personal interaction with the
locals. The practice of attracting visitors and tourists to
farm areas for production, educational and recreational
purposes. It includes any agricultural or fishery-based
activity for farm visitors, tourists, farmers, and fisher
folks who want to be educated and trained on farming and its
related activities. Also, it provides a venue for outdoor
recreation and accessibility to family trips.
According to Fisher (2006), Agritourism appears as a

convenient diversification strategy because it does not
require excessive investments in farm infrastructure, labor,
or equipment. Farms diversifying into tourism are likely to
focus on those activities that utilize their existing
resources, rather than requiring additional investment. Farm
operators tend to offer activities, like their existing farm
procedures, which do not have to dramatically alter farm
production and may take advantage of the flexibility of
individual schedules and experiences. However, the economic
benefits of agritourism can vary, depending on numerous
factors, such as the stage of agritourism development,
location, and other attractions.
Day Farms
According to an article which was published by

inquirer.net, Day farm which is located near highways and
main business areas and, thus, ideal for day tours and
visits. The possible activities that can be done in day
farms are farm tours, dine in a farm restaurants and U-
Picks. According to Pat Cybulskie’s blog the following are

some of the day farms in the Philippines: Garin Farm located

in San Joaquin Municipality, Garin Farm is no ordinary farm,
as it’s also a place of leisure and religion, being the home
of the Pilgrimage Hill. At the heart of Garin Farm tours is
the sharing of agricultural practices that contributed to
the farm’s success. Other activities to enjoy during your
visit include vegetable picking, kayaking, fishing, and
dining at their very own farm-to-table restaurant. Ephrathah
Farm, this 9-hectare farm is situated at Barangay Sariri,
Badiangan. Ephrathah aims to operate a natural farm that
uses zero chemicals and fertilizers. Ephrathah aims to
inspire visitors to appreciate the natural lifestyle. The
farm is equipped with facilities like a zipline, rappelling
site, ATVs, boats, and function halls. Aside from growing
produce like dragon fruit, papaya, and golden cherry
tomatoes, the farm is also involved in aquaculture,
producing species like pangasius, tilapias and kois. Damires
Hills Tierra Verde Farm Resort Established in 2010, this
huge 45-hectare farm is in Barangay Damires, Janiuay. The
farm is made up of two sections; the first one is a 16-
hectare farm resort that welcomes day-trippers. The other 29
hectares is made of forest and crop plantations. Some of its
facilities include swimming pools, a zipline, canopy walk,
and a 270-meter long hanging bridge. La Trinidad strawberry
and lettuce farms The La Trinidad strawberry farm is nestled
in Benguet’s La Trinidad Valley. The farmland is only about
6 kilometers from the capital Baguio City, making it a
convenient site to visit. The farm’s main produce is
strawberries where the tourist can get and pick fresh
strawberries, but the farmers have expanded to growing other
vegetables like romaine lettuce. Northern Blossom Flower

Farm, just about 12 kilometers from Baguio City, in Atok,

Benguet, lies the Northern Blossom Flower Farm. The farm
spreads to two hectares and has become quite popular among
domestic tourists. A tour at Northern Blossoms showcases the
property’s impressive collection of flora including the
beautiful snapdragons and the edible cabbage roses, which
originated from Japan. Tourists can also choose to buy
freshly picked flowers from the farm as souvenirs. According
to the interview of Mike Caballes, owner of Amara Farm,
Bukid Amara is a farm in Lucban, Quezon Province. A day farm
specializes in bulaklakan or annual flowers like sunflower
and other imported flowering plants as well as native
Philippine flowers. A place to relax, experience farm life
and simple living.
Farm Stays
According to Mahaliyanaarachchi (2015), farm stays are

called farm resorts too. These are farms that offer
accommodation and meals for the tourists. Tourists stay at
the farm for the purpose of participating in or enjoying
interactive on farm activities and other services offered to
enrich the farm life experiences. Farm stays also can be
classified as farm homestays and farm Bed and Breakfast.
Farm homestays offer accommodation right in the farmhouse
where the farm family lives. Visitors are guests of the farm
family within the house. Farm Bed and Breakfast are with
accommodation facilities in separate buildings within the
farm premises. Some of them have converted old farm
buildings into wonderfully diverse guest houses. There may
be newly built cabana type farmhouses for farm tourists.
Also, there may be accommodation in tree houses or at a

campsite in the farm premises, and farm stays come in many

different patterns, shapes, and sizes.
Most of the farm stays offer breakfast on the farm.

Other meals are depending on how the farm is operated.
Generally, farms which are located far from the cities
provide all three meals. Generally, at the farm home stays,
visitors are getting all the meals, and visitors are allowed
to be involved in cooking too if they prefer. Cabana type
farmhouses which are located separately from the farmer’s
house may have self-cooking facilities. If you are willing
to operate a cabana type farm stay it is convenient for
visitors if there are cooking facilities in the farmhouse.
However, breakfast is a requirement for any type of farm
stay along with accommodation.
Leisure Farm – Life-Seeing Concept
Leisure farm activities can create positive

interactions between non–farmers and farmers and can raise
awareness about agriculture, which ultimately benefits
farmers. Examples of leisure farm opportunities presently
include outdoor recreation (e.g., fishing, hunting,
wildlife photography, horseback riding), educational
experiences (e.g., farm and cannery tours, cooking classes,
wine tastings, cattle drives, ranch work experiences),
entertainment (e.g., harvest festivals, corn mazes),
hospitality services (e.g., farm/ranch stays, guided tours,
outfitter services), on–farm direct sales (e.g., u–pick
operations and roadside stands), and off farm direct sales
(e.g., farmers’ markets, county/state fairs, and special
events). The leisure farm is an important product and market
diversification strategy for farmers worldwide. Busby and

Rendle state that nature and agricultural–based tourism is

the fastest–growing segment of the tourism industry.
To generate tangible benefits, including diversified

income sources and increased public appreciation, farmers
need to become increasingly entrepreneurial in their
business approaches, including adopting business plans for
leisure farms, seeking professional advice, and
participating in regional and larger–scale tourism marketing
initiatives. A specific type of rural tourism is integrated
into an agricultural estate and inhabited by the proprietor
and allows visitors to take part in agricultural or
complementary activities on the property. A leisure farm is
a business concept that merges two areas, including
agriculture and tourism, to open new profitable markets and
provide travel experiences with the purpose of enjoyment,
education, or active involvement in the activities of a
farm.
Working Farm – Life-Participating Concept
The term “working farm” signifies a farm where

agriculture is currently being practiced, where agriculture
is defined as the activity of rearing animals and the
production of crop plants through the cultivation of the
soil for consumption and for sale as food and other
commodities. Authors suggest that tourist contact with
agricultural activity can be separated into three types:
direct contact, indirect contact, and passive contact.
Direct contact with agricultural activity indicates that
agricultural activities are a tangible feature in the
tourist experience (e.g., milking a cow, harvesting a crop).
Indirect contact indicates a secondary connection to

agricultural activity within the tourist experience, perhaps

through contact with agricultural produce (e.g., crop maze,
food processing, sale of or consumption in meals). Passive
contact with agricultural activity indicates that tourism
and agriculture are operated independently and only the farm
location is held in common (e.g., outdoor activities).
A working farm is not a key requirement of agritourism

from the visitor perspective. Clarke illustrates numerous
characteristics used to define a working farm: physical area
of land, proportion of agricultural income, and the
individuals’ expertise and motivations.
Choo and Patrick (2010), examined and integrated social

interaction in agritourism service encounters into four
distinctive relationships, including: 1) agritourist to
service provider; 2) agritourist to local resident; 3)
agritourist to companion tourist, and 4) agritourist to
other customer. They also examined the link between
agritourist social interactions and satisfaction with their
service experience. Holistic consideration of agritourism as
an inseparable supply and demand-side phenomenon depends on
concurrent consideration of both supply and demand-side
perspectives. Providers and visitors suggest that direct
interaction with agriculture in the context of agritourism
is a valuable opportunity for agricultural experiences and
education. In their study, Dubois, Cawley and Schmitz
analyzed the associated imagery and the relationships with
what is provided, expected, and experienced by tourists on
working farms in Wallonia (Belgium) and the Grand Duchy of
Luxembourg.

Owners View
Owners of small and medium-sized farms are increasingly

interested in engaging in agritourism and direct sales to
increase income, provide family employment, and educate the
public about agriculture, product line or diversification,
keep land between the family, build neighbor or community
relations, tax incentives and companionship with guests or
visitors are among the reasons. Farm communities thus face a
range of new or intensifying economic pressures. Many farms
have sought to introduce additional revenue streams to their
operations via diversification into direct-to-consumer
sales, vacation rentals, farm tours, and other forms of
agritourism (Kloppenburg et al., 2000). In addition,
renewed interest in food systems and local food has provided
the opportunity for farmers to invite the public to their
farms, creating both educational and economic value (Chase &
Gubinger, 2014; Martinez, 2010). Also, agritourism supports
local food systems and enhances direct-to-consumer sales not
only by directly influencing tourists’ purchasing behavior
but also by more generally promoting a broader interest in
agriculture (Brune et al., 2020).
Farmers View
Agritourism offers farmers the possibility of

diversifying and generating additional income through
touristic on-farm activities to help balance the
continuously decreasing income from agricultural activities.
This enables farmers to stay on their farms and maintain

cultivation of the land by increasing their operational

income without altering the dominant agricultural character.
The more general understanding of agritourism is that its
activities should support and promote agricultural
resources, traditions, activities, and culture. From an agro
economic theory point of view, the development of
agritourism is linked to internal and external push-and-pull
factors within the framework of structural change and rural
area development. Agritourism, as one internal income
diversification strategy, may arise due to a lack of off-
farm income opportunities; it also may arise due to the
farm’s appropriate operational and social structures or its
location in a touristic destination.
Tourist View
According to Pavic (2018), numerous authors note the

importance of the physical environment (images and ideals)
that attract visitors to countryside areas. The demand is
growing for agritourism and most of that demand is coming
from urban areas. The main reason for agritourism growth
demand is associated with a general growth in the short
break activity markets and increasing numbers of tourists
reacting against conventional mass-market tourism. Tourists
in rural areas (rural tourists and agritourism) want to
understand the local culture, speak the local language, to
raise trust and to be liked by the rural inhabitants. In
their study, Flanigan, Blackstock and Hunter admit that
visitors’ demand for agritourism is primarily motivated by
general drivers that relate to tourism and recreation more
broadly (including location, value for money,
attractive scenery). Streifeneder presents the minimum

required characteristics concerning agritourism activities

from the demand-side: overnight stay or same-day visit, a
certain minimum interaction with the farmer and/or members
of his family, no performance of agricultural activities for
a long time without financial reimbursement, and payments
for the agritourism services or products receiving receipt.
In their study, Dubois, Cawley and Schmitz revealed three
broad, cross-cutting market segments: 1) tourists who prefer
a rural environment incorporating farm animals, agriculture,
and a natural setting; 2) tourists who prefer a farm
holiday as an opportunity for enjoying farm and regional
products and 3) tourists who seek farm accommodation in an
area that provides access to tourist sites, cities, and
provides a swimming pool.
Benefits of Agritourism
Farm tourism conserves and preserves the environment

through the notion of sustainability and its nature- and
community-based tourism concept. Recio et al. (2014)
highlighted that while agriculture maintains the
environment, farm tourism, on the other hand, enables the
farmers to innovate and diversify their landscape for
various purposes, and at the same time, protects the natural
resources which would benefit tourism and other sectors.
Aside from an environmental point of view, farm tourism also
protects and promotes cultural traditions and develops a
sense of pride and ownership to the locals while enriching
the tourists’ authentic cultural experience. At present,
tourists yearn to embody the local rural experience and not
merely become onlookers in the rural environment (Cloke and
Perkins, 2002). Farm tourism encourages visitors to

experience firsthand the agricultural life (Mansor et al.,

2015) and can be a catalyst for revival or strengthening
rural traditions and culture. In farm tourism sites,
tourists may know the differences and dynamics of culture of
the locality, even with the tone or the accent of their
dialect. This cultural impact of farm tourism and
agritourism on a rural community is considered by Amelia et
al. (2017) as the most important undertaking as it changes
the cultural behavior and thinking of culture in contact
with another culture. Agritourism is suggested to
produce many benefits for farms, their operators, the
surrounding communities, and society overall. Perceptions
are generally positive towards the introduction of tourism
into rural areas, following the belief that blending the two
industries may alleviate local issues, including labor
shortages in tourism and market shortages in agriculture
(Andereck & Vogt, 2000; Torres & Momsen, 2004). The positive
influence of agritourism on farm family income may also be
combined with the contribution the business makes to the
local community via sales taxes, local employment, and
stimulation of local businesses such as restaurants and
shops (Barbieri et al., (2006). Other non-economic societal
benefits, including maintaining rural lifestyles and
increasing awareness and preservation of local customs and
unique cultural traits of an area, especially as related to
food production, have been suggested as well (Che, 2007;
Everett & Aitchison, 2008; Ollenburg & Buckley, 2007;
Turnock, 2002).
Specific to agritourism, a suite of economic, socio-

cultural, and environmental benefits delivered to
surrounding communities, beyond those enjoyed by landowners

(e.g., increased profits) have been recognized. From an

economic perspective, agritourism promotes the
revitalization and diversification of rural economies (Che,
L., et al., 2016) and stimulates the consumption of locally
produced foods, especially niche products (Kline et al.,
2016). Environmentally, agritourism encourages the adoption
of sustainable farming practices and conservation of natural
resources (Carlsen, G., et al., 2009) as well as the
beautification of local landscapes (Xu et al., 2016).
Finally, recreation in agricultural settings promotes the
preservation of cultural heritage, crafts, and traditional
lifestyles (Lapan, et al., 2014), increases the variety of
cultural activities for residents (Xu et al., 2016), and
promotes youth retention (Barbieri, K., 2013). Despite the
progress in assessment of outdoor recreation, including
agritourism, it is yet to evaluate the extent to which the
public perceive the benefits that agricultural lands
offering recreation provide to society.
Agritourism in the Philippines
Philippine tourism development today has taken a major

leap forward by incorporating agricultural and environmental
activities into its programs that encourage active
involvement and participation of people and their
communities. Specifically, these are the agritourism and
ecotourism endeavors of institutions, organizations, local
government units, or even individuals who use technologies
generated and developed out of agricultural research and
development (R&D) and protection and conservation practices
on the environment as a profitable activity for tourists,
including its aesthetic valuation. According to Briones et

al (2017), in the Philippines, almost half of the population

resides in rural areas that depend on agriculture as their
primary source of income; among them are the indigenous
people, landless farmers and fishermen.
According to Asia Research (2013) Agritourism has been

present in the Philippines since the 1990s but was not
institutionally defined. As a tropical country with an
abundance of natural resources, biological diversity, and a
strong cultural heritage, the Philippines is well positioned
for agritourism.
The Philippines is the world's largest archipelago. It

is made up of approximately 7,100 islands and covers an
estimated 30 million hectares, of which approximately 11
million hectares are agricultural lands. The Philippines
provides a variety of conditions for agritourism. This is
evident in its diverse and one-of-a-kind agri-tourism sites,
such as the vast pineapple and coffee plantations in
Bukidnon, strawberry and organic vegetable farms in Benguet,
and farms in Batangas. Since farming is considered an
integral aspect of Filipino culture, it can easily be
cultivated into an agritourism activity. It has since gained
increasing popularity in the Philippines, becoming a
profitable and sustainable sector within the tourism
industry.
In the Department of Agriculture (DA), agritourism is

a welcome initiative that opens doors for development.
Although this has been going on for several years, R&D
breakthroughs are the key factors that made the fusion of
these two broad areas to jointly address social and economic
development. agritourism integrates the gains of research

and development, particularly the innovative and modern

technologies that produce quality products. These
technologies vary from protective and precision agriculture,
organic agriculture, food processing and development,
agricultural information, and communications management, and
even biotechnology.
Challenges of Agritourism in the Philippines
The Department of Agriculture (DA) has a positive

outlook on farm tourism as a long-term solution to improve
the quality of living of the farmers and fishers. However,
according to Moraru (2016), many farmers lack the necessary
resources (i.e., financial, technical, and human resources)
in diversifying their farms into a farm tourism business.
This may be due to the limited and inequitable access of the
farmers to the provisions of the government and the private
sector for these resources. There is an insufficient number
of farm tourism sites and poor consistency in the quality of
farm tourism products demonstrated by a few farm tourism
operations that are market ready. Most of the farm sites in
the country cannot compete with those in other Asian
countries (e.g., Taiwan and Japan) due to its lack of
innovation and marketing. This manifestation is also
heightened by the lack of understanding and application of
the contextual research of farm tourism supposedly carried
out by Philippine universities. These challenges include
rural areas are now slowly urbanized due to these
developments credited to the growing population and demand
for industrialization; farming has become stagnant with
depleting farm product output as younger generations have

perceived agriculture as an unremunerative career option;

the climatic conditions, as possible effects of climate
change, are considered as threats to farmlands; and the
farmers have limited government and non-government access
and provision to needed resources (i.e. financial, technical
and human resources) to diversify farms into farm sites. As
such, farms can improve economic performance by diversifying
farms and offering alternative farm tourism activities.
These limitations can result in poor consistency and quality
and innovativeness of the farm sites. Farmers also entail
acquiring skills other than entrepreneurial (e.g., customer
relations, marketing).
Conceptual Framework
This research was based on the idea that agritourism
has several advantages when handled appropriately in a
variety of dimensions, including economic, social, and
environmental benefits.
In the Philippines, Agritourism is being bonded by

legal aspect through which it prescribes the necessary rules
and regulations for the development and promotion of
Agritourism where it recognizes the importance of
agriculture in sustaining and improving human life, not only
in terms of food production, but also in providing a living
for a large portion of the population. President Benigno C.
Aquino III signed R.A. No. 10816, also known as the “Farm
Tourism Development Act of 2016” into law on May 23, 2016.
In the study of Gantalao, C., et al (2021) entitled

“The Future of Farm Tourism in the Philippines: Challenges,
Strategies and Insights” says that the R.A. No. 10816
intends to gauge the challenges that Filipino farmers face

in diversifying farms and operating farm sites and uses

these challenges in crafting strategies and policies for
relevant stakeholders.
The Philippines is well-positioned for agritourism due

to its fertile soil, tropical climate, abundant natural
resources, and rich farming. Farm Tourism in the Philippines
is one of the primary drivers of its economic growth, with
R.A 10816 and Department of Tourism farm site accreditation
standards ensuring quality farm sites in the country.
Research Paradigm
This part of the study is about the research paradigm. The
proposed study is composed of three major components: Input,
Process, and Output.
INPUT PROCESS OUTPUT
I. Profile of
the agritourism
sites
II. Profile of Assessment of

Owners or Agritourism in
Assessed
operators Cagayan North.
Agritourism
sites in
III. Perceived
Cagayan North.
benefits of
Agritourism
IV. Issues and

challenges
encountered by
the particiant

Feedback
Figure 1. Paradigm of the Study
Figure 1 shows the research paradigm. The study bore

three major components: Input, Process, and Output. The
Input contained the Profile of the Agritourism sites in
Cagayan, North as Part I. Part II contained the Profile of
the owners of Agritourism sites. Part III contained the
Perceived benefits of Agritourism. Lastly, Part IV contained
the Issues and challenges encountered by the participants.
The process contained the Assessment of Agritourism in

Cagayan North.
The Output contained the Assessed Agritourism sites in

Cagayan North.
Statement of the Problem

This study aims to know the perception of owners, farmers,
and tourists on Agritourism in Cagayan North. More
specifically, it sought to answer the following questions:
1. What is the profile of the agritourism sites in Cagayan

North in terms of?
1.1 Classification
1.2 Years of operation
1.3 Facilities
1.4 Activities
1.5 Features
1.6 Location

2. What is the profile of the owners or operators?

2.1 Age
2.2 Sex
2.3 Highest Educational Attainment
2.4 Years in service
2.5 Number of Employees
3. What are the perceived benefits of agritourism with

respect to?
3.1 Social
3.2 Economy
3.3 Heritage and Cultural Preservation
3.4 Environment
4. Is there a significant difference in the perceived

benefits of agritourism among the three groups of
participants?
5. What are the issues and challenges encountered by the
participants?
6. What are the suggestions and recommendations of the
participants for the improvement of Agritourism sites
in Cagayan North?
Hypothesis
At 0.05 significance level the hypothesis was
tested. There is no significant difference on the perceived
benefits of Agritourism among Owners, Farmers and Tourist.

Significance of the Study

These finding of the study will be deemed necessary to
the following:
Farmers: The results will encourage other communities in the

country to support and promote this type of activity. The
results are encouraging for the local agricultural industry
because agritourism may result in opportunities to diversify
their crops, enterprises, marketing methods and revenue
sources. Agritourism may provide the economic incentives
that growers need to keep their farms viable and to keep
their land in agriculture.
Owners: The result of the study may attract others onto a

farm or other agricultural business for the purpose of
entertaining and/or educating the tourist. It enhances the
tourism industry by increasing the volume of visitors to an
area and the length of their stay. Agritourism also
provides communities with the potential to increase their
local tax bases and new employment opportunities.
Community: The result of the study may improve relationships

between the owners, farmers, and the community. A thriving,
reputable agritourism destination is usually an asset to the
community, in contrast to many conventional farms that can
justly be seen as liabilities.
Local government unit: The results of the study may provide

the links between the owners of agritourism sites and
government, address its problems and concerns, enforce
policies, and hold influence over its communities.
Tourism Students: This research will assist students in

broadening their level of understanding on agritourism and

establish emotional and direct contact with agriculture and

nature. In this study, they will be able to see the
perception of owners, farmers, and tourists on agritourism,
its benefits as a driving force to promote the Agritourism
Industry.
Researchers: The findings of this study, as well as the data

collection and interpretation, will help them to establish
points of interest for the development of Agritourism in
Cagayan North, through the perception of participants about
the study.
Future Researchers: The study's findings could be utilized

as future reference data for validating related findings and
as an overview of how Agritourism is perceived, as
Agritourism is a booming industry.
Scope and Limitations

This study focuses on the Accredited Agritourism sites
in Cagayan, North which offers possible and precise
methodologies that researchers assume are possible, real,
and helpful in the development and sustainability of
agritourism sites in Cagayan, North. This study is
conducted to know the perception of farmers, tourists, and
the owners of Agritourism sites in Cagayan North. This
study is limited only to assess the availability and status
of Agritourism in Cagayan, North. It evaluated how an
agritourism sites’ facilities, activities, features, and
locations cope with various changes for the improvement of
Agritourism in Cagayan, North and also to know the
perception of the participants on agritourism that will
lead us to seek for potential factors that could or may not
influence the development, sustainability and improvements

that can and must be made and consider continuous

relationships between the Local Government Unit of Cagayan
for the benefit of the farm owners and the local residents
of Cagayan.
Definition of Terms
Activities - these are either for recreational pursuits or tasks
that are to be carried out to achieve the objectives of the
enterprise.
Agritourism – Any activity carried out on a farm or ranch that

allows members of the public, for recreational, entertainment, or
educational purposes, to view or enjoy rural activities,
including farming, ranching, historic, cultural, harvest-your-own
activities, or natural activities and attractions.
Day Farms - these are known to be long working hours in the field
wherein individuals or farmers spent most of their time taking
care of their crops. It comprises 12 hours farm day and attending
to activities that involve both mechanical and physical labors.
Environment - these are factors that surround the operations, it

can be affected by human forces or the geography itself.
Facilities - amenities or equipment that are provided to cater to

the needs of the workforce.
Farm stays - these are accommodations that cater to individuals

that are visiting the farm or working in the fields. It provides
services such as food and lodging and visitors can also
participate in farming activities.
Features - distinct characteristics of the said farm or the

activities that are present in the workplace. This makes the
enterprise or the farm prominent and more distinct than the
others.

Heritage and cultural preservation - it is more focused on

protecting the sense of identity of the region where the
operations started. It connects the operations to that of the
social beliefs and values that were lived to the past and carried
up until to the present.
Location - involves any agriculturally based operation or

activity that brings visitors to a farm or ranch.
Social - this includes relating to human society and the mode of

the organization towards the approach intended to reach the
public.
Chapter 2
METHODOLOGY
This chapter presents the methods and procedures used in

this present study. These assisted the researchers in terms
of validation of the data that were gathered from the
participants of the study, instrumentation, data gathering
procedures, and data analysis.
Research Design
In the study, the researcher made use of a mixed
method. A quantitative approach to study the perceptions of
owners, farmers and tourists on Agritourism in Cagayan,
North. Qualitative approach to study the problems and issues
encountered by the participants and their suggestions and
recommendations.
Research Participants
There were 50 participants in the research study.
The participants of the study were composed of five (5)

owners of accredited agritourism sites, fifteen (15)

farmers, and thirty (30) tourists located in Cagayan, North.
Sample and Sampling Technique

The researcher utilized the convenience sampling.
In this design, the samples were based on the availability
and willingness of the participants to partake. Then samples
were selected within each group by simple random sampling.
Research Instruments
The instruments used in data gathering were adopted,
patterned, and modified in the research of Amboy, S., et al
(2019) entitled Benefits of Agritourism in Batangas
Province.
The data was obtained using a questionnaire that

consist of the following parts:
I. Profile of the Owners or Operators

II. Perceived Benefits of Agritourism Site
III. Issues and Challenges
IV. Suggestions and recommendations
Data Gathering Procedure

To gather the needed data for the study, the researcher
did the following:
1. A letter of permission to perform the study will be

submitted to the office of the Academic Dean of the
School of Business, Accountancy and Hospitality
Management to collect the necessary data.
2. Upon approval, informed consent will be sought from
owners, farmers, and tourists within our scope of the
study, who will be used as study samples.

3. The researchers will disseminate the questionnaire to

the participants in Cagayan.
4. When data documents are stored in or out, the
researchers will continue to focus on the
participants' responses or data. For data analysis,
all obtained data must be tallied.
Data Analysis
The following tools were used to analyze and
interpret the data collected:
1. Frequency count and Percentage distribution. These

will be used to determine the Profile of the
Agritourism sites and its Owners or Operators in
Cagayan North.
2. Weighted mean and Percentage distribution. It will be
used to determine the perceived benefits of
agritourism sites in Cagayan North by gathering
information from the participants and then summarizing
the material to be presented. To understand better the
value of the weighted mean the following arbitrary
scale was used.
Scale Weight Mean Descriptive

Interpretation
4 3.25-4.00 Highly perceived
3 2.25-3.24 Perceived
2 1.75- 2.24 Little perceived

1 1.00-1.74 Not perceived
3. Analysis of Variance (ANOVA). This was used to

determine if there’s a significant difference in the
perceived benefits of agritourism among the three
groups of participants.
4. Thematic analysis. This will be used to answer the
open-ended questions.
Chapter 3
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
This chapter presents the analysis and interpretation

of data gathered through questionnaires. The data gathered
were arranged through the tables and interpreted with the
corresponding statistical tools necessary.
I. Profile of Agritourism sites in Cagayan North.
Table 1
Frequency and Percentage Distribution of Agritourism sites
in Cagayan North in terms of its Classification.
Classification Frequency Percentage
Day Farm 4 80%
Farm Stay 1 20%
Total 5 100%

Table 1 presents the Frequency and Percentage

Distribution of Agritourism sites in Cagayan North in terms
of Classification. It shows that 80% of Agritourism sites
were Day Farm, while 20% of the Agritourism sites were Farm
Stay. The data implies that the majority of the Agritourism
sites in Cagayan North were Day Farm.
Table 2
Frequency and Percentage Distribution of Agritourism
sites in Cagayan North in terms of Years of Operation.
Years of Operation Frequency Percentage
10-12 years 1 20%
7-9 years 1 20%
4-6 years 1 20%
3 years and below 2 40%
Total 5 100%
The table above shows the Frequency and Percentage

of Years of Operation. 40% of the owners operate 3 years
and below while 20% of the owners operate 4-12 years. The
data implies that most of the owners operate 3 years and
below.

Table 3
sites in Cagayan North in terms of Facilities
Facilities Frequency Percentage
Bed and Breakfast 2 40%
Cabin 2 40%
Camping Sites 2 40%
Food Trucks 1 20%
Picnic Baskets 1 20%
RV/ Motor Coaches 2 40%
Lecture Rooms 5 100%
Farm Shops 4 80%
The Frequency and Percentage Distribution of

Agritourism sites in Cagayan North in terms of facilities

were shown in the table above. 100% of the participants have

their own lecture rooms and 80% of them have farm shops.
While 20% of the participants have their own food trucks and
picnic baskets. In general, the data indicates that all the
participants have lecture rooms as one of their facilities.
Table 4
sites in Cagayan North in terms of Activities.
Activities Frequency Percentage
Bird Watching 2 40%
Bicycle trails and rentals

1 20%
Fresh Cut Flowers 3 60%
Barn Raising 2 40%
Archery 2 40%
Petting Zoo 1 20%
Mountain Biking 2 40%
Swimming 1 20%
Food Preparation 2 40%

Bread Making 3 60%
Crafting Herbal Medicine

1 20%
Egg Picking 1 20%
The above table displays the Frequency and Percentage

Distribution of Agritourism sites in Cagayan North in terms of
Activities. 60% of the participants have fresh cut flowers and
bread making, while 20% are Bicycle trails and rentals, petting
zoo, swimming, crafting herbal medicine and egg picking as their
activities. This implies that many of the participants have fresh
cut flowers and bread making as one of their activities.
Table 5
sites in Cagayan North in terms of Features.
Features Frequency Percentage
Animal Birthing 2 40%
Flower Arranging 2 40%
Vegetable and Fruit Picking 5 100%
Caring for Animals 4 80%
Classes in Recreational Activities 3 60%
The table displays the Frequency and Percentage

of Features. 100% of the participants have vegetable and
fruit picking, 80% have caring for animals and 40% have
animal birthing and flower arranging as their features.

According to the data, vegetable and fruit picking are

features shared by the participants.
Table 6
sites in Cagayan North in terms of Location.
Locations Frequency Percentage
Barangay Lucban, Abulug, Cagayan 1 20%
Barangay Baculud, Iguig, Cagayan 1 20%
Mabuttal East, Ballesteros, 1 20%

Cagayan
Minanga Norte, Iguig 1 20%
Solana, Cagayan 1 20%
Total 5 100%
The above table shows the Frequency and Percentage

of Location. 20% of the participants is in Barangay Lucban,

Abulug, Cagayan, Barangay baculud, Iguig, Cagayan, Mabuttal

East, Ballesteros, Cagayan, Minanga Norte, Iguig, and
Solana, Cagayan. The data implies that the Agritourism sites
are in different areas of Cagayan.
II. Profile of Owners or Operators.
Table 7
Frequency and Percentage Distribution of Owners

according to Age.
Age Frequency Percentage
50-54 1 20%
55-59 1 20%
60-64 3 60%
Total 5 100%
The table above shows that 60% of the participants
belong to the age range 60-64 while 20% of the participants
belong to the age range 50-59. Generally, most of the
owners’ age range is 60-64.
Table 8
according to Sex.

Sex Frequency Percentage

Male 2 40%
Female 3 60%
Total 5 100%
Majority of the participants were female (60%) as

compared to male (40%); this further implies that there were
more female owners than male.
Table 9

according to Highest Educational Attainment.
Highest Educational Attainment Frequency Percentage

College Graduate 3 60%
Master’s Undergraduate 1 20%
PhD 1 20%
Total 5 100%
The table shows the Frequency and Percentage
Distribution of Owners according to Highest Educational
Background. 60% of the participants were College Graduate
while 20% of the participants were Master's Graduate and
PhD.
Table 10


according to Years in service.
Years in service Frequency Percentage
1-5 years 4 80%
More than 11 years 1 20%
Total 5 100%
The Frequency and Percentage Distribution of Owners
according to Years in Service are shown in the table above.
80% of the participants are in service ranging 1-5 years and
20% of the participants are in service for more than 11
years. On average, the owners or operators have been in
service ranging from 1 to 5 years.
Table 11

according to Number of Employees
Number of Employees Frequency Percentage

5-10 2 40%
11-15 3 60%
Total 5 100%
The table above shows the Frequency and Percentage
Distribution of Owners according to the Number of Employees.
60% of the participants have 11-15 employees and 40% have 5-
10 employees. In general, many of the owners hired 11-15
employees.

III. Perceived Benefits of Agritourism

Table 12
Weighted Mean and Qualitative Description of the

Participants assessment on the Perceived Benefits of
Agritourism in terms of Social.
Social Owners Farmers Tourists

Benefit of
Agritouris
m
Weig Descripti Weigh Descripti Weighte Descrip
hted ve ted ve d Mean tive
Mean Interpret Mean Interpret Interpr
ation ation etation
Develops Highly Highly Highly
interactio 3.8 Perceived 3.86 Perceived 3.83 Perceiv
n between ed
the
visitors

and
farmers.
Improves Highly Highly Highly
relationsh 3.8 Perceived 3.86 Perceived 3.83 Perceiv
ips ed
between
farmers
and their
local
community.
Sharing Highly Highly Highly
the 3.8 Perceived 4 Perceived 3.86 Perceiv
agricultur ed
al
heritage
and rural
lifestyles
with
visitors
Enhance Highly Highly Highly
the 3.8 Perceived 3.93 Perceived 3.76 Perceiv
quality of ed
life of
the
people.
Public Highly Highly Highly
engagement 3.8 Perceived 3.93 Perceived 3.7 Perceiv
and ed
education
about
Agricultur
e.
Enable the Highly Highly Highly
visitors 3.8 Perceived 3.93 Perceived 3.73 Perceiv
to harvest ed
and feed
farm
animals.
Providing Highly Highly Highly
recreation 3.6 Perceived 4 Perceived 3.73 Perceiv
al ed
activities
for
visitors.
Ensures Highly Highly Highly
that 3.6 Perceived 4 Perceived 3.8 Perceiv
visitors ed
must enjoy
products
on site.

Highly Highly Highly

Categorical 3.75 Perceived 3.94 Perceived 3.78 Perceiv
Mean ed
As gleaned from the table, the overall mean under

owners on the Perceived Benefits of Agritourism in terms of
Social is 3.75. The highest responses under owners resulted
3.8 or highly perceived are as follows: “Develops
interaction between the visitors and farmers”; “Improves
relationships between farmers and their local community”;
“Sharing the agricultural heritage and rural lifestyles
with visitors”; “Enhance the quality of life of the people,
public engagement and education about Agriculture”; and
“Enable the visitors to harvest and feed farm animals”. The
lowest weighted mean “Providing recreational activities for
visitors” and “Ensures that visitors must enjoy products on
site” with a weighted mean assessment of 3.6 or highly
perceived. Under farmers, the overall mean is 3.94%. The
highest weighted mean among farmers “Sharing the
agricultural heritage and rural lifestyles with visitors”;
“Providing recreational activities for visitors” and
“Ensures that visitors must enjoy products on site” with a
weighted mean assessment of 4 or highly perceived. While
“Develops interaction between the visitors and farmers” and
“Improves relationships between farmers and their local
community” the weighted mean is 3.86 or highly perceived.
The overall weighted mean among tourists is 3.78% or Highly
Perceived. The highest weighted mean among tourists is
“Sharing the agricultural heritage and rural lifestyles
with visitors” with a weighted mean assessment of 3.86 or
highly perceived. The data implies that the owners,
farmers, and tourists are benefiting from the social

benefits of Agritourism as supported by their weighted mean

Highly Perceived.
Table 13
Agritourism in terms of Economy.
Economy Owners Farmers Tourists

Benefit of
Agritouris
m
Weigh Descripti Weigh Descripti Weigh Descripti

ted ve ted ve ted ve
Mean Interpret Mean Interpret Mean Interpret
ation ation ation
Agritouris Highly Highly Highly

m can help Perceived Perceived Perceived
develop

the local 3.8 3.86 3.73

economy or
society.
Enhance Highly Highly Highly

the Perceived Perceived Perceived
quality of 3.6 3.93 3.83
life of
the local
people.
Generate Highly Highly Highly

additional Perceived Perceived Perceived
income for 3.8 3.93 3.76
farmers
and
landowners

m Perceived Perceived Perceived
increases 4 3.86 3.63
land
value.
Provides Highly Highly Highly

quality Perceived Perceived Perceived
local 3.6 3.93 3.63
production
s and
produce.

m Perceived Perceived Perceived
revitalize 3.6 3.8 3.76
s and
strengthen
s local
economies.
Provide Highly Highly Highly

job Perceived Perceived Perceived
opportunit 3.8 3.73 3.83
ies for
members of
farm

household
Expansion Highly Highly Highly

of on-farm Perceived Perceived Perceived
employment 3.8 3.73 3.83
opportunit
ies for
family
members.
Revenue Highly Highly Highly

enhancemen Perceived Perceived Perceived
t and 3.6 3.8 3.63
diversific
ation.
Improvement Highly Highly Highly

of the Perceived Perceived Perceived
living of 3.6 3.8 3.76
agritourism
business.
Increased
demand
production 3.6 Highly 3.8 Highly 3.66 Highly
of the Perceived Perceived Perceived
local
agricultur
al
products.
Promotion
of local
agricultur 3.6 Highly 4 Highly 3.76 Highly
al Perceived Perceived Perceived
products
of the
farm.
Categorical 3.7 Highly 3.85 Highly 3.73 Highly

Mean Perceived Perceived Perceived
The table 3.2 shows that the overall mean under owners
on the Perceived Benefits of Agritourism in terms of Economy
is 3.7 or highly perceived. The highest response under


Economy is 4 or highly perceived “Agritourism increases land
value”. The lowest weighted mean among owners “For Enhance
the quality of life of the local people”; “Provides quality
on local productions and produce”; “Agritourism revitalizes
and strengthens local economies”; “Revenue enhancement and
diversification”; “Improvement of living the agritourism
business”; “Increased demand for local agricultural
products” the data shows that the weighted mean is 3.6 of
Highly perceived. As for farmers, the overall mean under
farmers is 3.85%. The highest weighted mean “Promotion of
local agricultural products of the farm” with a weighted
mean of 4 or highly perceived. The lowest weighted mean
“Provide job opportunities for members of farm households”
and “Expansion of on-farm employment opportunities for
family members” the weighted mean is 3.73 or highly
perceived. As for the tourists, the overall mean is 3.73 or
highly perceived. The highest weighted mean “Enhance the
quality of life of the local people”; “Provide job
opportunities for members of farm households” and “Expansion
of on-farm employment opportunities for family members” with
a weighted mean assessment of 3.83 or highly perceived. The
lowest weighted mean “Agritourism increases land value”;
“Provides quality local productions and produce” and
“Revenue enhancement and diversification” with a weighted
mean of 3.63 or highly perceived. It implies that the
participants benefit from the Economy benefits of
Agritourism as supported by the general weighted mean of
each group of participants as Highly perceived.

Table 14

Agritourism in terms of Heritage and Cultural Preservation:
Heritage
and
Cultural Owners Farmers Tourists
Preservati
on Benefit
of
Agritouris
m
Weig Descript Weigh Descripti Weigh Descripti

hted ive ted ve ted ve
Mean Interpre Mean Interpret Mean Interpret

tation ation ation
Highly Highly Highly

Perceive Perceived Perceived
To 3.8 d 3.73 3.53
preserve
rural
heritage.
Intrinsic Highly Highly Highly

value to Perceive Perceived Perceived
the 3.8 d 3.73 3.65
family.
To re-use Highly Highly Highly

it for Perceive Perceived Perceived
other 3.6 d 3.8 3.7
purposes
(e.g.,
turning a
barn into
a gift
shop)
To Highly Highly Highly

increase Perceive Perceived Perceived
farm 3.6 d 3.73 3.56
tourism
attraction
(e.g.,
displaying
of antique
tools)
To Highly Highly Highly

experience Perceive Perceived Perceived
local farm 3.6 d 3.73 3.63
lifestyle
tradition
practices
and local
vernacular
landscape


According to the table, the general weighted mean among

Heritage and Cultural Preservation is 3.68 or highly perceived.
The highest mean among owners “To preserve rural heritage” and
“Intrinsic value to the family” with a weighted mean of 3.8 or
highly perceived. The lowest weighted mean among owners “To re-
use it for other purposes (e.g., turning a barn into a gift
shop)”; “To increase farm tourism attraction (e.g., displaying
antique tools)” and “To experience local farm lifestyle,
tradition, practices, and local vernacular landscape” with a
weighted mean assessment of 3.6 or highly perceived. 3.74 or
highly perceived is the general weighted mean among farmers on
the Perceived Benefits of Agritourism in terms of Heritage and
Cultural Preservation. The highest weighted mean among farmers
“To re-use it for other purposes (e.g., turning a barn into a
gift shop)” with a weighted mean assessment of 3.8 or highly
perceived. The lowest weighted mean “To preserve rural heritage”;
“Intrinsic value to the family”; “To increase farm tourism
attraction (e.g., displaying antique tools)”; and “To experience
local farm lifestyle, tradition, practices, and local vernacular
landscape” with a weighted mean assessment of 3.73 or highly
perceived. The general weighted mean among tourists on the
Perceived Benefits of Agritourism in terms of Heritage and
Cultural Preservation is 3.61 or highly perceived. “To re-use it
for other purposes (e.g., turning a barn into a gift shop) is the
highest weighted mean among tourists with a weighted mean
assessment of 3.7 or highly perceived. The lowest weighted mean
“To preserve rural heritage” with a weighted mean assessment of
3.5 or highly perceived. The data implies that each group of
participants benefit from the Heritage and Cultural Preservation
Benefit of Agritourism as supported by their general weighted
mean as highly perceived.

Table 15
Agritourism in terms of Environment:
Environmen
t Benefit
of Owners Farmers Tourists
Agritouris
m
Weigh Descriptiv Weigh Descriptiv Weigh Descriptiv

ted e ted e ted e
Mean Interpreta Mean Interpreta Mean Interpreta
tion tion tion

m is close Perceived Perceived Perceived
to our

natural 4 3.86 3.7

environmen
t.
Developing Highly Highly Highly

agritouris Perceived Perceived Perceived
m can help 4 3.86 3.63
us protect
the
natural
environmen
t.

m is kind Perceived Perceived Perceived
of an 4 3.73 3.63
environmen
tally
friendly
and
sustainabl
e tourism
style.
To attend Highly Highly Highly

an Perceived Perceived Perceived
agritouris 3.8 3.53 3.6
m activity
with
environmen
tal-
friendly
and
sustainabl
e themes
Preserving Highly Highly Highly

farms and Perceived Perceived Perceived
farmlands. 3.8 3.93 3.6
Preserving Highly Highly Highly

natural Perceived Perceived Perceived
resources 3.8 3.73 3.56
and
ecosystems
.
Providing Highly Highly Highly

scenic Perceived Perceived
beauty and

landscapes 3.8 Perceived 3.6 3.63

.
The Highly
developmen Perceived
t of 2.6 Perceived 2.33 Perceived 3.36
agritouris
m poses a
hazard to
the
natural
environmen
t.
Developmen Highly Highly Highly

t of Perceived Perceived Perceived
agritouris 3.6 3.46 3.56
m does not
cause
degradatio
n of the
landscape
and
natural
resources.
Agricultur Highly Highly Highly

al Perceived Perceived Perceived
products 3.6 3.53 3.66
do not
increase
general
waste.
Agricultur
al
business 3.6 Highly 3.73 Highly 3.46 Highly
supports Perceived Perceived Perceived
the clean
and green
project of
the area.
Agri-
business
does not 3.6 Highly 3.46 Highly 3.46 Highly
destroy Perceived Perceived Perceived
the flora
and fauna
of the

place.

According to the data, the overall mean among owners on

Perceived Benefits of Agritourism in terms of Environment is
3.68 or highly perceived. The highest weighted mean among
owners “Agritourism is close to our natural environment”;
“Developing agritourism can help us protect the natural
environment” and “Agritourism is kind of an environmentally
friendly and sustainable tourism style” with a weighted mean
assessment of 4 or highly perceived. The lowest weighted
mean among owners “Development of agritourism poses a hazard
to the natural environment” with a weighted mean assessment
of 2.6 or perceived. Under farmers the overall weighted mean
is 3.56 or highly perceived. The highest weighted mean
“Preserving farms and farmlands” with a weighted mean
assessment of 3.93 or highly perceived. The lowest weighted
mean “The development of agritourism poses a hazard to the
natural environment” with a weighted mean assessment of 2.33
or perceived. For the results under tourist the overall
weighted mean is 3.57 or highly perceived. The highest
weighted mean among tourists is “Agritourism close to our
or highly perceived. The lowest weighted mean among tourists
“The development of agritourism poses a hazard to the
or highly perceived.

IV. Significant Difference in the Perceived Benefits of

Agritourism among the Three Groups of Participants
Table 16
Analysis of Variance on the Significant Difference on
Perceived Benefits of Agritourism among the Three Groups of
Participants.
Perceived Benefits Mean Std. F- Probabi Decis

of Agritourism Deviat ratio lity ion
ion Value at
0.05
level
Owner 3.800 .32596 1.701 .193 Accep
Social Farmer 3.9417 .11443 t HO
Tourist 3.7833 .31815
Total 3.8325 .27849
Owner 3.7333 .36987 .813 .449 Accep

Economic Farmer 3.8556 .23245 t HO

Tourist 3.7389 .31542
Total 3.7733 .29740
Owner 3.7600 .35777 .678 .513 Accep
HCPB Farmer 3.7467 .32484 t HO
Tourist 3.6200 .41804
Total 3.6720 .38494
Owner 3.6833 .35551 .219 .804 Accep
Environment Farmer 3.5667 .33806 t HO
Tourist 3.5750 .36838
Total 3.5833 .35275
The table above shows the analysis of variance on the

significant difference on perceived benefits of Agritourism among
the three groups of the participants. The computed probability
values are more than 0.05 level of significance according to
Social, Economic, Heritage and Cultural Preservation and
Environmental Benefit of Agritourism this indicates that the
hypothesis is accepted, there is no significant difference. This
implies that regardless of perceived benefits of agritourism
among Owners, Farmers and Tourist remains the same.
5. ISSUES AND CHALLENGES
According to the participants, listed below are their

issues and challenges in Agritourism.
Issues and Challenges encountered by OWNERS:
● “Sustainability, Farm maintenance and being a

government entity, source of funds for development and
maintenance is the challenge.”
● “Minimal tourist/ visitors due to pandemic
experiencing.”
● “One of the issues encountered in agritourism was the
passageway.”
● “Prohibiting social contact/ social distancing”

● “Sustainability in maintaining an agritourism farm.”

● “Promoting aspects and lack of government support.”
Issues and challenges encountered by the FARMERS:
● “Climate change and typhoons.”

● “The activities that they offer are limited.”
● “Lack of entrepreneurial skills since there is
selling.”
● “Adopting and learning new technologies and lack of
mechanisms.”
● “The agritourism site is not accessible to all
vehicles, some are away from highways and the road is
not so good.”
● “Lack of training.”
● “Government support, climate change and minimal income
for farmers.”
● “There were only a few tourists that visited the farm.”
● “Improvement of the living of agritourism sites.”
Issues and challenges encountered by the TOURISTS:
● “Since I don't know Agritourism, the problem here is

lack of promotion on agritourism.”
● “I have no idea on Agritourism since I am not aware
that there is an Agritourism. This is my first time
encountering this.”
● “It’s not always perfect and easy.”
● “Lack of important provisions that will guarantee food
security.”

● “Although agritourism provides benefits to the

employment of people and increases the economy of our
country, it also contributes to pollution.”
● “Emissions from cars that visit the place, and the
people that litter and generate noise will contribute
to the degradation of the environment and stress to the
wildlife in that area.”
● “General waste.”
● “I don't have any idea about agritourism and haven't
tried it yet. So, I must say, there is a lack of
promotion.”
● “There are people that are not interested in
agritourism just like me, this is my first time
encountering agritourism.”
● “Lack of promotion and also, the activities that the
agritourism site that I know is limited.”
● “Sometimes the place has no room for rent for the
visitors or the tourist to stay in the place”
● “Waste management.”
● “Lack of understanding and knowledge on agritourism.”
● “Conflicts with none farm neighbors”
● “Dealing with the visitors.”
● “Lack of vehicle service back and forth.”
● “Accommodation (room for overnight).”
● “Poor road network.”
● “Pandemic & lack of training and capital investment.”
● “Lack of government support.”
● “Lack of advertisement.”
● “Not accessible way, malayo sa highway”

6. SUGGESTIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS OF THE PARTICIPANTS
Suggestions and recommendations of the OWNERS:
● “DOT promotion is very nice and good, but we need

government support to augment the needs of the farm
like maintenance and salary of the workers. Yes, we
have an environment fee for incoming visitors but so
minimal. Many planned activities but until planning
only(others) as of now. We started our operation last
Feb. 1, 2022. The market of our farm produce is
seasonal.”
● “Agritourism operators or owners must plan and
implement sustainability projects, Entrepreneurial
aspects of tourism, link or network with government and
NGO institutions for support and enhancement.”
● “Massive promotion, having good house rules/ farm
rules.”
● “Attract investors/partner to generate more income and
project/program to the farmers.”
● “Hence more activities and show case to the
visitors/clients, if possible, allocation of funds for
all agritourism sites, specifically those maintained by
government institutions is a great assistance/ help for
their development and maintenance.”
Suggestions and recommendations of the FARMERS:
● “Purchase materials good for the long-term.”

● “Broaden the activities so tourists will like it, and
to engage them. There must be proper training to have
an extra income and the prices must be good and not

that expensive. they must know how to interact w/

tourist.”
● “Invest in good tools and even though it is expensive,
we can use it for a long term.”
● “Improve the road going to the sites. Training of
farmers on how to socialize with tourists must be every
month.”
● “Increase the promotion of agritourism sites and make
them accessible to all tourists.”
● “Developing agritourism can help us protect the natural
environment.”
● “Developing agritourism can help us protect the natural
environment.”
● “The agritourism that is one to the improvement of
agritourism are invited to all governments.”
● “There must be proper training in order to have an
extra income and prices must be good and not that
expensive.”
● “Training for farmers on how to socialize with
tourists.”
● “Maximize the promotion of agritourism sites and make
it accessible to all tourists.
Suggestions and recommendations of the TOURISTS:
● " I think they should promote the agritourism sites on

Facebook since it will reach numerous possible
tourists."

● “I hope that the promotion of Agritourism reaches a

large scale of possible tourists, especially those who
want to learn about agriculture and also the
plantitas.”
● “More patient and keep up the good quality of nature,
invest in promoting inclusive growth, and build more
sustainable agriculture and food systems.”
● “Showcase it more but educate people on what to do and
what not to do. Also, have laws that conserve the areas
for agritourism, not degrade the surrounding flora and
fauna. Violators should be fined, and the government
should provide a budget for this.”
● “More activities so that visitors may enjoy them.”
● “Promote the agritourism sites on the different
platforms in order to reach a huge number of tourists.”
● “Increase the volume of visitors to an area and the
length of their stay.”
● “They must improve their marketing efforts.”
● “Make sure that the promotion of agritourism reaches
everyone and make sure to post it on social media
because through this, it can reach different people who
might want to try Agritourism.”
● “Broaden the activities so it can attract a lot of
tourists.”
● “They need to put a simple room for the tourists or
visitors who came for the staycation.”
● “More activities to improve the relationship between
farmers and the local community.”

● “I hope the government would promote agritourism and

give more information so tourists would be able to
understand what agritourism really is.”
● “Create good community relations.”
● “Allow the following proper forum for promoting and
advertising agrotourism like social media sites,
websites, brochures and emails.”
● “Build up vehicle service(toda).”
● “Improve their accommodations that can satisfy their
tourists.”
● “Provide an internet connection.”
● “Create a creative way to attract tourist (agri-
education, agri-arts)”
● “Maintaining a safe and accessible way.”
● “Alternative way that all vehicles can access.”
● “Provide excellent customer service.”
● “Promote more about their agritourism.”
Chapter 4
SUMMARY OF FINDINGS, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS
This chapter presents the summary of the findings,

conclusions and recommendations that were drawn from the
results of the data gathered from the participants.

Summary of Findings
Based on the results of the data gathered, the following
findings were derived:
1. Profile of the Agritourism Sites
1.1 Classification
Majority of the Agritourism sites in Cagayan North
operate as Day Farm (80%) than of farm stay (20%).
1.2 Years of Operation
Most of the agritourism sites in Cagayan North

operate 3 years and below (40%).
1.3 Facilities
Lecture rooms (100%) are common among all the
owners as one of their facilities.
1.4 Activities
Fresh cut flowers and bread making (60%) are two
of the dominant activities of the Agritourism sites
in Cagayan North.
1.5 Location
Agritourism sites in Cagayan North are in
different areas of Cagayan.
2. Profile of the Owners or Operators

2.1 Age
Majority of the owners of the Agritourism sites in
Cagayan North are in age ranging from 60-64 (60%).
2.2 Sex

Majority of the owners are female (60%) as

compared to male (40%).
2.3 Highest Educational Attainment
Majority of the owners are college graduates (60%).
2.4 Years in Service
The owners or operators have been in service

ranging from 1 to 5 years (80%).
2.5 Number of Employees
Majority of the owners hired 11-15 (60%)
employees.
3. Perceived Benefits of Agritourism
3.1 Social Benefit of Agritourism
Agritourism provides participants with social
benefits as supported by the general weighted mean; for
owners 3.75 or Highly Perceived, for farmers 3.94 or
Highly Perceived, and for tourists 3.78 or Highly
Perceived.
3.2 Economy Benefit of Agritourism
Participants benefited economically from

agritourism, as proven by the following general
weighted mean: 3.70 or Highly Perceived for owners,
3.85 or Highly Perceived for farmers, and 3.73 or
Highly Perceived for tourists
3.3 Heritage and Cultural Preservation Benefit of

Agritourism
The Heritage and Cultural Preservation Benefit of

Agritourism is beneficial to each group of
participants, as seen by their general weighted mean

3.68 or Highly Perceived for owners, 3.74 or Highly

Perceived for farmers, and 3.61 or Highly Perceived for
tourists.
3.4 Environment Benefit of Agritourism
The general weighted mean for owners is 3.68 or

Highly Perceived, for farmers 3.56 or Highly Perceived,
and for tourists 3.57 or Highly Perceived, indicating
that agritourism is environmentally friendly.
4. Significant Difference in the Perceived Benefits of

Agritourism among the Three Groups of Participants.
There is no significant difference on the perceived
benefits of Agritourism among Owners, Farmers and
Tourist.
Conclusions
Considering the findings of the study, the following

conclusions were drawn:
Agritourism has the potential to bring social,

economic, heritage and cultural preservation, and
environmental benefit to rural areas while also building
more resilient communities in the ever-changing tourism
industry. Since most are farmers and farm owners, there is a
huge potential that Agritourism will bloom in Cagayan North,
thus, support and promotion of different agritourism sites
is needed to give owners and farmers an opportunity to
generate additional income that will be used for farm
maintenance and for the development of different facilities
to accommodate tourists. It was found in the study that, the
Agritourism sites are in various areas of Cagayan North, and
the majority of the Agritourism sites in Cagayan North
operate as day farms rather than farm stays, as most of them
have only been in operation for three (3) years and below.

As a result, agritourism is increasing and establishing

itself in Cagayan North. Moreover, the findings of this
study showed the perception of the owners, farmers, and
tourists in agritourism in which they have encountered a lot
of issues and challenges that need to be addressed for the
improvement of the Agritourism sites in Cagayan North. There
were also recommendations in the study, aimed at improving
the concerns faced by the participants, which can be treated
as solutions for the development and growth of Agritourism
sites in Cagayan North.
Recommendations
In the light of the findings of the study and conclusions,
the following recommendations were drawn:
1. The Local Government Unit may continuously support the

development of Agritourism sites to supplement farm
needs like farm maintenance, staff salaries and having
good passageways.
2. Owners or Operators may improve marketing and promotion
for agritourism sites to boost tourist arrivals.
3. Owners or Operators may create and develop sustainable
projects and consider the entrepreneurial aspects of
tourism and network with government and non-
governmental organizations (NGOs) for assistance and
enhancement of the agritourism sites.
4. Owners or Operators of Agritourism sites located far
from highways may have affordable rental vehicles
available to transport tourists.
5. Owners or Operators may provide staff with annual
training and assessment to enhance their communication

and entrepreneurial skills, as well as to keep up with

new technologies and industry trends.
6. Owners or Operators may broaden their scope of
activities to attract tourists of various ages.
7. Owners or Operators may establish facilities such as
apartment rooms or bed and breakfast to accommodate
tourists who wish to stay overnight.
8. Tourists may reduce their use of plastics by bringing
their own water bottles or compact eco-bags, as well as
remembering to leave nothing but footprints, take
nothing but pictures, and kill nothing but time to
maintain the cleanliness of the farm and to preserve
the environment.

REFERENCES
Aiman Shaken, et al., (2020) Exploring the Social Interest

in Agritourism Among the Urban Population of Kazakhstan.
Retrieved from:
https://content.sciendo.com/view/journals/mgrsd/24/1/
article-p16.xml?language=en&tab_body=abstract
Amaral, K. et al. (2012) Agricultural Communication Students

Perceptions, Knowledge, and Identified Sources of
Information about Agritourism
Retrieved from:
https://newprairiepress.org/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?
article=1154&context=jac
Ammirato (2014) Agritourism As A Means Of Sustainable

Development For Rural Communities: A Research From The Field
Retrieved from:
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/
266498330_The_Agritourism_as_a_means_of_sustainable_developm
ent_for_rural_communities_a_research_from_the_field
Ammirato, et al., (2013) The Potential of Agritourism in

Revitalizing Rural Communities
Retrieved from:
https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-642-40543-
3_52
Annes, et al., (2015) Creating a room of one's own’: French

Farm Women, Agritourism and The Pursuit of Empowerment
Retrieved from:
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/282891050_'Creating
_a_room_of_one's_own'_French_farm_women_agritourism_and_the_
pursuit_of_empowerment?fbclid=IwAR0qC7e-ZCaZNg-
K1suRY_gAd2q9KPjhRjGZx54Zc1zZJz41QcNifMJRRoc
Awan, (2016) The Prospects of Agritourism Development in

China.
Retrieved from:
https://www.iiste.org/Journals/index.php/JEDS/article/view/
29299
Barbieri, C., (2010) An Importance-Performance Analysis Of

the Motivations Behind Agritourism and Other Farm Enterprise
Developments in Canada
Retrieved from:
228864607_An_Importance-
Performance_Analysis_Of_the_Motivations_Behind_Agritourism_a
nd_Other_Farm_Enterprise_Developments_in_Canada
Barbieri, C., (2008) A COMPARISON OF AGRITOURISM AND OTHER

FARM ENTREPRENEURS: IMPLICATIONS FOR
FUTURE TOURISM AND SOCIOLOGICAL RESEARCH ON AGRITOURISM
Retrieved from:
https://www.nrs.fs.fed.us/pubs/gtr/gtr-p-42papers/
47barbieri-p-42.pdf

Barbieri, (2019) Agritourism research: a perspective article
Retrieved from:
https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/TR-05-
2019-0152/full/html
Brzozowska, et al., (2017) Management in Agritourism

Promotion as an Element of Support Agritourism Services by
Local Authorities
Retrieved from:
https://content.sciendo.com/view/journals/vjes/7/2/article-
p17.xml?language=en&tab_body=abstract
Călina, (2017) The sustainable development of agritourism in

the neighbouring area of Cozia National Park, Romania.
Retrieved from:
https://www.cabdirect.org/cabdirect/abstract/20183009325
Chande, K., (2016) Agri Tourism – Perception of Farmers
Retrieved from:
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/315523729_AGRI_TOUR
ISM_-_PERCEPTION_OF_FARMERS?fbclid=IwAR0kcqVjxL6uNxPVPuh-
ddZoJPNy5DICtXZ4Z3vSidE49ZIx83B-a28SE_k
Chandrashekhara, Y., (2018) AGRO-TOURISM AND EMPLOYMENT

OPPORTUNITIES IN KARNATAKA: AN ECONOMIC ANALYSIS
Retrieved from:
http://www.epitomejournals.com/VolumeArticles/FullTextPDF/
328_Research_Paper.pdf

Chatterjee, (2019) The Evolution of Agri-Tourism practices

in India: Some Success Stories
Retrieved from:
https://madridge.org/journal-of-agriculture-and-
environmental-sciences/mjaes-1000104.php
Choo, et al., (2010) The Role of Agritourism Farms’

Characteristics on the Performance: A Case Study of
Agritourism Farm in South Korea
Retrieved from:
https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/15256480.2020.17
69520?
journalCode=wjht20&fbclid=IwAR2ieXjfxXTJEpFM2k7cjgz3UwjXY1Y6
3kEFiedL4Mh1sKnmVQI8jcQFZGc
Ciolac, R., et al. (2019) Agritourism-A Sustainable

Development Factor for Improving the ‘Health’ of Rural
Settlements. Case Study Apuseni Mountains Area
Retrieved from:
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/331676664_Agritouri
sm-
A_Sustainable_Development_Factor_for_Improving_the_'Health'_
of_Rural_Settlements_Case_Study_Apuseni_Mountains_Area_x0007
_ _x0007_
Conner, D., et al. (2021) Visitors and Values: A Qualitative

Analysis of Agritourism Operator Motivations across the US.
Retrieved from: file:///C:/Users/theresa/Downloads/JAFSCD-

Visitors-and-Values-Agritourism-June-2021.pdf

Connor, (2011) Exploring Consumer Values in Agri-Tourism and

The Organization Of Brand Relationships
Retrieved from:
https://d.lib.msu.edu/etd/243/datastream/OBJ/download/
Exploring_consumer_values_in_agri-
tourism_and_the_organization_of_brand_relationships.pdf
Cybulskie, P., (2021) 10 Best Destinations for Farm Tourism

in the Philippines.
Retrieved from:
https://guidetothephilippines.ph/articles/ultimate-guides/be
st-farm-tours-philippines
Deepthi, et al., (2018) Farmers Perception towards

Development of Agri-Tourism in Kerala.
Retrieved from:
https://sites.google.com/site/usanewscorp/home/farmers-
perception-towards-development-of-agri-tourism-in-kerala
De Villa, et al., (2018) Farm Tourism Awareness and its

Integration in the Curriculum of BSIHM and BSTO Programs
Retrieved from: https://icsai.org/procarch/9iclehi/9iclehi-

097.pdf?
fbclid=IwAR1vhkRnaD9ivbLG0ERCMboVQGnXW35eoD2_KJ49H9XYqwK9tAS
qJCi7uao
“Farm TOurism Destination: Simple Farm living Experience”

Youtube, uploaded by Agribusiness How it Works 24 February
2021
Retrieved from: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8VQp5lbw5Qk

Farsani, T., (2019) Agricultural heritage as a creative

tourism attraction
Retrieved from:
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/332226791_Agricultu
ral_heritage_as_a_creative_tourism_attraction?
fbclid=IwAR06L-DXNlc1N5Z_0-
zb_Qe79jhDYnDhrblOeHgyznmcLjYpi2wFYgQShe8
Flanigan et al., (2014) Agritourism from the perspective of

providers and visitors: a typology-based study
Retrieved from:
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/
S0261517713001362?
fbclid=IwAR1kswIt4IKJubnR5mJhy9lPbERdhHBRYLhi_KDkcYOI8Ieglm4
qQdDoByo
Flanigan, et al., (2015) Generating public and private

benefits through understanding what drives different types
of agritourism
Retrieved from:
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/
S0743016715300140?
fbclid=IwAR3QfMIypGCrrvpbR1nOpByPaCMh5NZ3TkBCY2odu9nvrfN7QFS
NTdssCfg
Fluckiger, (2018) What are the determinants, economic and

socio-economic outcomes of agritourism in the U.S.?
Retrieved from:

https://appliedecon.oregonstate.edu/sites/agscid7/files/
abbey_fluckiger_final_paper.pdf
Gantalao, C., et al (2021) “The Future of Farm Tourism in

the Philippines: Challenges, Strategies and insights”
Retrieved from:
350163041_The_future_of_farm_tourism_in_the_Philippines_chal
lenges_strategies_and_insights
Ismail, et al., (2018) Promoting agritourism through

connecting young farmers using mobile technology in Thailand
Retrieved from:
http://oro.open.ac.uk/59772/?
fbclid=IwAR1Cg5TAPMWwNPt2lkPdFi3ck8sn0RgIz1VhqTpQmA8JCsm8Dkq
p1yfXSK8
Jeczmyck, et al., (2014) Economic benefits of agritourism

development in Poland
Retrieved from:
263734180_Research_note_Economic_benefits_of_agritourism_dev
elopment_in_Poland_-An_empirical_study
Karampela, et al., (2015) Evaluating the impact of

agritourism on local development in small islands.
Retrieved from:
https://www.cabdirect.org/cabdirect/abstract/20163187585
Kenebayeva, A., (2014) A study of consumer preferences

regarding agritourism in Kazakhstan: A comparative study

between urban and rural area consumers
Retrieved from:
https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/WHATT-
10-2013-0042/full/html?
fbclid=IwAR07s_9fNvxFXcWOlMLijBl__YH09OB4mqe49MeOZ9Y8G0D8mGQ
fO52IuhY
Lago, (2017) Tourism Demand and Agriculture Supply: Basis

for Agritourism Development in Quezon Province
Retrieved from:
http://www.apjmr.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/07/APJMR-
2017.5.3.2.01.pdf
Levitt, et al., (2017) Food tourist segmentation: Attitude,

behavioral intentions and travel planning behavior based on
food involvement and motivation
Retrieved from:
https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/
10.1080/15256480.2017.1359731?
fbclid=IwAR1M7uD_CwWnPWvPWEMjZGVLJw5b3gv2hvoev5ChoaNZVWHZq0t
cKzf0s1o
Lin-Lin Xue, et al., (2010) The Sustainable Development of

Organic Agriculture-Tourism: The Role of Consumer Landscape
and Pro-Environment Behavior
Retrieved from:
https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/12/15/6264/pdf
Llorente, et al., (2018) Farming for Life Quality and

Sustainability: A Literature Review of Green Care Research

Trends in Europe
Retrieved from:
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6025610/?
fbclid=IwAR1b8A7dqVjWT6akd59gMonbOVZpItf7m7TXAK1PSGaN1ajVT2y
5CLfSHec
Mahaliyanaarachchi, R., (2015) Agri Tourism as a Risk

Management Strategy in Rural Agriculture Sector: With
Special Reference to Developing Countries
Retrieved from:
289983051_Agri_Tourism_as_a_Risk_Management_Strategy_in_Rura
l_Agriculture_Sector_with_Special_Reference_to_Developing_Co
untries
Malkanthi, et al., (2012) Visitor satisfaction in

agritourism and its implications for agritourism farmers in
Sri Lanka
Retrieved from:
https://ideas.repec.org/a/ags/ijameu/159245.html
Manalo, et al., (2019) Benefits of Agritourism in Batangas

Province
Retrieved:
http://apjeas.apjmr.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/08/APJEAS-
2019-6.3-002.pd

Mason, et al., (2017) Agritourism Between Agriculture and

Tourism
Retrieved from:
332854605_AGRITOURISM_BETWEEN_AGRICULTURE_AND_TOURISM_A_REVI
EW
Montefrio, et al., (2019) Elite governance of agritourism in

the Philippines
Retrived from:
https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/Elite-governance-of-
agritourism-in-the-Philippines-Montefrio-Sin/
62288a81c60a0d9227e4a8a34d97bbabc16b07da
Naidoo, et al., (2016) Local perceptions of the relative

contributions of enclave tourism and agritourism to
community well-being: The case of Mauritius
Retrieved from:
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/
S2212571X15000505?fbclid=IwAR04W-arlUVijD_2qeOuBS-
CP7L5ulsELV1Bc9YuHtBXjrnDAXBjl88o1Tw
Nguyen, et al., (2018) The Attitudes of Residents towards

Agro-tourism Impacts and Its Effects on Participation in
Agro-tourism Development: The Case Study of Vietnam
Retrieved from:
https://www.ajhtl.com/uploads/7/1/6/3/7163688/article_11_vol
_7_4__2018.pdf?
fbclid=IwAR23WQFw1kJy37muzIH6K8RvJ2UEYG93jRcg2HA4791ugKDPWLC

HgAsU3Gc
Official Gazette of The Philippines, R.A 10816, “An Act

Providing for The Development and Promotion of Farm Tourism
in the Philippines”
Retrieved from:
https://www.officialgazette.gov.ph/2016/05/16/republic-act-
no-10816/
Osti, (2018) Tourists’ perception of landscape attributes in

rural tourism
Retrieved from :
https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/WHATT-
12-2017-0087/full/html?
fbclid=IwAR1iOHBP8g4IWk71KJv9B_7zI1B0Bm0Ce8d0mea-
PLZLFby79UCPo_M1tko
Padhiyar, et al., (2013) Delineating Agritourism Insights
Retrieved from:
318259809_DELINEATING_AGRITOURISM_INSIGHTS_FROM_GUJARAT_INDI
A#pf
Patil, (2018) Business potential of Agritourism for

improving the farmers income in India
Retrieved from:
https://www.alliedacademies.org/proceedings/business-
potential-of-agritourism-for-improving-the-farmers-income-
in-india-3077.html
Phelan, (2014) Understanding the farmer: An analysis of the

entrepreneurial competencies required for diversification to

farm tourism
Retrieved from:
https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/20544631.pdf?
fbclid=IwAR0IYVBFk8P36VkGeQbpTe2dAoGxiBNzrpb0Buf6jaFgUDI-
4Kh60qs-cDE
Prof. Shembekar, P., (2017) A study on consumer awareness
and preference of urban tourists in Nagpur towards
Agritourism
Retrieved from:
http://www.theijbmt.com/archive/0918/1261756895.pdf
Raunivar, et al., (2020) Agritourism: Structured literature
review and bibliometric analysis
Retrieved from:
https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/02508281.2020.17
53913
Rogerson, J., (2014) Agritourism and local economic
development in South Africa
Retrieved from:
https://apcz.umk.pl/czasopisma/index.php/BGSS/article/view/
bog-2014-0047
Roman et al., (2017) Agritourism as a form of income
diversification on farms in Koscierski district
Retrieved from:
http://yadda.icm.edu.pl/yadda/element/bwmeta1.element.agro-
f56282ca-1f5b-49d3-a795-7892b0ea46a1
Roman, et al., (2020) Innovations in Agritourism: Evidence
from a Region in Poland
Retrieved from:
https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jsusta/v12y2020i12p4858-
d371339.html
Rozier Rich, et al., (2016) The Current State of Agritourism
Research in the United States
Retrieved from:

https://scholarworks.umass.edu/ttra/2010/Visual/12
Schilling, et al., (2012) Examining the economic benefits of
agritourism: The case of New Jersey
Retrieved from:
https://foodsystemsjournal.org/index.php/fsj/article/
download/149/142/0
Srivastava, S., (2016) Agritourism as a Strategy for the
Development of Rural Areas Case Study of Dungrajya Village,
Southeast Rajasthan, India
Retrieved from:
306379077_Agritourism_as_a_Strategy_for_the_Development_of_R
ural_Areas_Case_Study_of_Dungrajya_Village_Southeast_Rajasth
an_India
Tew, (2010) Importance of Agritourism for Agripreneur Goal
Accomplishment
Retrieved from:
https://mospace.umsystem.edu/xmlui/bitstream/handle/
10355/8110/research.pdf?sequence=3&fbclid=IwAR1sOR8l1-
EORS3zuJX8tbXwvBUb6ycPUVDXLdZmb-JhK4txJrwnjmbE5og
Thorp, Z., (2015) Agritourism in Kansas: Effects Of Distance
And Economic Outcomes
Retrieved from:
https://kuscholarworks.ku.edu/bitstream/handle/1808/21690/
Thorp_ku_0099M_14336_DATA_1.pdf?sequence=1
Torquati, et al., (2017) The Value of Traditional Rural
Landscape and Nature Protected Areas in Tourism Demand: A
Study on Agritourists’ Preferences
Retrieved from:
https://www.landscape-online.org/index.php/lo/article/view/
LO.20175
Varmazyari, et al., (2018) Predicting potential agritourism
segments on the basis of combined approach: The case of
Qazvin, Iran

Retrieved from:
https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/jtr.2195?
fbclid=IwAR0Fhpajo7zW3XwieIQKJmVLQ6_9k_mDElPp2O0vAtEqqxJ-
KyJD0qYwIz4
Vizconde, et al., (2014) Status and Prospects of Agri-
Tourism in Selected Municipalities of the 4th District of
Batangas
Retrieved from:
http://www.apjmr.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/08/APJMR-2014-
2-105.pdf
APPENDICES
LETTER TO THE DEPARTMENT DEAN
March 7, 2022
DR. CHARITO M. GUILLERMO, CPA

Dean, School of Business, Accountancy and Hospitality
Management
Dear Ma’am:
Greetings in the Name of the Lord!
We, the undersigned BS Tourism Management 4th year students

are conducting research entitled “Agritourism in Cagayan
North” in partial fulfillment of the requirements in Tourism
Research 2.
In connection to this, we would like to ask permission from
your good office to administer our survey questionnaire to
the participants of the study.

Thank you very much!
Respectfully yours,
ROCHELLE CORPUZ
JAINA JARAMILLO
MA. THERESA NIEL MARAMAG

Researchers
Endorsed by:
MARIE KRIZYA M. CALAGUI, MSHM

Thesis Adviser
Noted by:
ELAINE M. AVILA, DHM

Program Coordinator, Hospitality Management and Tourism
Management Programs
Approved by:
DR. CHARITO M. GUILLERMO, CPA

Dean, School of Business, Accountancy and Hospitality
Management
LETTERS TO THE PARTICIPANTS
Dear Participant,
Pauline Greetings!
We, the BS Tourism Management 4th year students are
currently conducting research entitled “Agritourism in
Cagayan North” in partial fulfillment of the requirements in
Research in Tourism 2.
In cognizant, we earnestly and humbly requesting your
kindness and cooperation in answering this questionnaire.
Kindly answer the items on the corresponding box of your
choice. Your frank and honest answers are significant and
highly appreciated for the fulfilment of our study.

Rest assured that the data gathered will only be used for
statistical purposes and shall be treated with utmost
confidentiality.
Thank you so much and God bless.
Sincerely yours,
ROCHELLE CORPUZ
JAINA JARAMILLO
MA. THERESA NIEL MARAMAG

Researchers
Noted by:
MARIE KRIZYA M. CALAGUI, MSHM

Thesis Adviser
QUESTIONNAIRE FOR THE PARTICIPANTS OF THE STUDY AGRITOURISM

IN CAGAYAN, NORTH.
Name (Optional): __________________________
Age: __ Gender: _
I: PROFILE OF AGRITOURISM SITES
1.1 Classification

Direction: Listed below are the Accredited Agritourism

sites in Cagayan, North, which offers Day Farm and Farm
Stay. Please check (/) the Agritourism sites that you
know.
DAY FARM FARM

STAY
DA-NCES Agri-Farm Tourism and

Farm School, Barangay Lucban,
Abulug
DA-SCRC Agri-Farm Tourism

Technology Learning Center,
Minanga Norte, Iguig
Grandeza Integrated Farm,

Mabuttal East, Ballesteros
Caranguian Integrated Farm, Zone

2, Barangay Baculud, Iguig
Cagayan Breeding Station,

Solana, Cagayan
Please put a check mark if none of the

above ___.
1.2. Years of Operation

5 13 years and above
4 10-12 years
3 7-9 years
2 4-6 years

1 3 years and below
5 4 3 2 1
Years of
Operation
Direction: The following are a list of possible agritourism

activities, to stimulate your thinking about what might
best fit your skills, interests, and facilities. Check the
ones that interest you.
1.3 Facilities
Bed and Breakfast
Cabin
Camping Sites
Farm Museums
Apartments
Food trucks
Picnic Baskets
Hotels
RV/ Motor Coaches
Lecture rooms

Farm shops
1.4 ACTIVITIES
Bird Watching
Bicycle trails and rentals
Fresh cut flowers
Barn Raising
Boating
Archery
Petting Zoo
Mountain Biking
Horseback trail riding
Swimming
Wildlife viewing
Food-preparation-cheese making, canning, etc.
Bread Making
Flour Milling
Crafting herbal remedies
1.5 FEATURES
Animal Birthing
Flower arranging

Vegetable and Fruit Picking
Caring for Animals- helping with feeding, herding,

etc.
Classes in recreational activities (fishing, hunting,

wildlife viewing)
Candle-making with local beeswax
1.6 LOCATION
Barangay Lucban, Abulug, Cagayan
Barangay Baculud, Iguig, Cagayan
Mabuttal East, Ballesteros, Cagayan
Minanga Norte, Iguig
Solana, Cagayan
II. Profile of Agritourism Sites’ Owner or Operator
Age: __________________
Sex: ___________________
Highest Educational Attainment: ____ Master’s Graduate
____ Master’s Undergraduate

____ College Graduate
____ College Undergraduate
____ High School Graduate
__ High School Undergraduate
__________ Others (Specify)
Years in Service: _____ 1-5 years
_____ 6-10 years
_____ More than 11 years
Number of Employees: ___ 5-10
___ 11- 15
II. PERCEIVED BENEFITS OF AGRITOURISM

Direction: Please check (/) only one appropriate number
that best represents your agreement with the scale of 1 to
4 on the following statements.
SCALE DESCRIPTIVE INTERPRETATION
4 Highly Perceived

3 Perceived
2 Little Perceived
1 Not Perceived
3.1 SOCIAL BENEFIT OF AGRITOURISM 4 3 2 1
Develops interaction between the visitors

and farmers.
Improves relationships between farmers and

their local community.
Sharing the agricultural heritage and rural

lifestyles with visitors.
Enhance the quality of life of the people.
Public engagement and education about

Agriculture.
Enable the visitors to harvest and feed

farm animals.
Providing recreational activities for

visitors.
Ensures that visitors must enjoy products

on site.
3.2 ECONOMY BENEFIT OF AGRITOURISM 4 3 2 1
Agritourism can help develop the local

economy or society.
Enhance the quality of life of the local

people.

Generate additional income for farmers and

landowners.
Agritourism increases land value.
Provides quality local productions and

produce.
Agritourism revitalizes and strengthens

local economies.
Provide job opportunities for members of

farm households.
Expansion of on-farm employment

opportunities for family members.
Revenue enhancement and diversification.
Improvement of the living of agritourism

business.
Increased demand production of the local

agricultural products.
Promotion of local agricultural products of

the farm.
3.3 HERITAGE AND CULTURAL PRESERVATION 4 3 2 1

BENEFIT OF AGRITOURISM
To preserve rural heritage.
Intrinsic value to the family.
To re-use it for other purposes (e.g.,

turning a barn into a gift shop)

To increase farm tourism attraction (e.g.,

displaying of antique tools)
To experience local farm lifestyle,

tradition, practices, and local vernacular
landscape.
3.4 ENVIRONMENT BENEFITS OF AGRITOURISM 4 3 2 1
Agritourism is close to our natural

environment.
Developing agritourism can help us protect

the natural environment.
Agritourism is kind of an environmentally

friendly and sustainable tourism style.
To attend an agritourism activity with

environmental-friendly and sustainable
themes
Preserving farms and farmlands.
Preserving natural resources and

ecosystems.
Providing scenic beauty and landscapes.
The development of agritourism poses a

hazard to the natural environment.
Development of agritourism does not cause

degradation of the landscape and natural
resources.
Agricultural products do not increase

general waste.

Agricultural business supports the clean

and green project of the area.
Agri-business does not destroy the flora

and fauna of the place.
4. What are the issues and challenges that you

encountered in agritourism?
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________
5. What is/are your suggestions and recommendations for

the improvement of agritourism?
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________
CURRICULUM VITAE
NAME : Rochelle A. Corpuz
DATE OF BIRTH: March 08, 1999
PLACE OF BIRTH: Quezon City, Manila
PARENTS: Leonora Corpuz
Rodelmo Corpuz

HOME ADDRESS: Maraburab, Alcala Cagayan
EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND
PRIMARY Alcala East Central School
Centro Norte Alcala Cagayan
2006-2012
SECONDARY: Lyceum of Alcala INC
Centro Norte Alcala Cagayan
Junior High School
2012-2016
Tuguegarao City, Cagayan
Senior High School
2016-2018
TERTIARY: St. Paul University Philippines
Mabini St., Tuguegarao City, Cagayan
2018-2022
NAME: Jaina I. Jaramillo
DATE OF BIRTH: September 24,1999
PLACE OF BIRTH: Quezon, Isabela
PARENTS: Reynaldo F. Jaramillo Sr.
Zenilyn I. Jaramillo
Permanent Address: Santos, Quezon, Isabela

PRIMARY La Salette of Quezon
Samonte, Quezon, Isabela
Elementary
2006-2012
SECONDARY La Salette of Quezon
Samonte, Quezon, Isabela
Junior High School
2012-2016
Mabini St., Tuguegarao City
Senior High School
2016-2018
TERTIARY St. Paul University Philippines
2018-2022
NAME: Ma. Theresa Niel B. Maramag
DATE OF BIRTH: August 24, 1999
PLACE OF BIRTH: Tuguegarao City, Cagayan
PARENTS : Daniel Edwin A. Maramag
Rosita B. Maramag
HOME ADDRESS: #36 A Maramag St., Cataggaman Viejo,

Tuguegarao City, Cagayan

PRIMARY Cataggaman Elementary School
Cataggaman Viejo, Tuguegarao City
2006-2012
SECONDARY University of Saint Louis Tuguegarao
Junior High School
2012-2016
University Of Saint Louis Tuguegarao
Senior High School
2016-2018
TERTIARY St. Paul University Philippines
2018-2022

Agritourism in Cagayan North Final Manuscript 1

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

Agritourism in Cagayan North Final Manuscript 1

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Description:

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

Agritourism in Cagayan North Final Manuscript 1

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

St.

Paul University Philippines

AGRITOURISM IN CAGAYAN NORTH

Presented to the Faculty of the

School of Business, Accountancy and Hospitality Management

Saint Paul University Philippines

of the Requirements for the Degree

BACHELOR OF SCIENCE IN TOURISM MANAGEMENT

Maramag, Ma. Theresa Niel B.

SPUP School of Business Accountancy and Hospitality Management

Chapter 1: THE INTRODUCTION AND REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

SPUP School of Business Accountancy and Hospitality Management

THE INTRODUCTION AND REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

Perceptions are viewed in different segments, such as

SPUP School of Business Accountancy and Hospitality Management

agritourism products are offered more often in smaller

This kind of product requires better cooperation

Based on the same approach of Gil Arroyo et al.,

SPUP School of Business Accountancy and Hospitality Management

or those in which the setting is only used for landscape

Agritourism presents a unique opportunity to combine

SPUP School of Business Accountancy and Hospitality Management

The Southern Cagayan Research Center-Cagayan

Thus, the researchers conducted the study to know the

Review of Related Literature

According to the Department of Tourism (DOT), a type of

SPUP School of Business Accountancy and Hospitality Management

activities, services, and facilities, as well as other

According to Fisher (2006), Agritourism appears as a

According to an article which was published by

SPUP School of Business Accountancy and Hospitality Management

some of the day farms in the Philippines: Garin Farm located

SPUP School of Business Accountancy and Hospitality Management

Farm, just about 12 kilometers from Baguio City, in Atok,

According to Mahaliyanaarachchi (2015), farm stays are

SPUP School of Business Accountancy and Hospitality Management

campsite in the farm premises, and farm stays come in many

Most of the farm stays offer breakfast on the farm.

Leisure Farm – Life-Seeing Concept

Leisure farm activities can create positive

SPUP School of Business Accountancy and Hospitality Management

Rendle state that nature and agricultural–based tourism is

To generate tangible benefits, including diversified

Working Farm – Life-Participating Concept

The term “working farm” signifies a farm where

SPUP School of Business Accountancy and Hospitality Management

agricultural activity within the tourist experience, perhaps

A working farm is not a key requirement of agritourism

Choo and Patrick (2010), examined and integrated social

SPUP School of Business Accountancy and Hospitality Management

Owners of small and medium-sized farms are increasingly

Agritourism offers farmers the possibility of

SPUP School of Business Accountancy and Hospitality Management

cultivation of the land by increasing their operational

According to Pavic (2018), numerous authors note the

SPUP School of Business Accountancy and Hospitality Management

required characteristics concerning agritourism activities

Farm tourism conserves and preserves the environment

SPUP School of Business Accountancy and Hospitality Management