Workshop On Battery Testing Procedures (2014)
Workshop On Battery Testing Procedures (2014)
Workshop On Battery Testing Procedures (2014)
PROCEDURES
Maciej Swierczynski
Post Doc
mas@et.aau.dk
• Battery modeling
Source: Southwest Research Institute
Source: Southwest Research Institute
Source: Southwest Research Institute
– particular interest
– type of tests performed
– main competences
– to add/remove/change something from the meeting agenda
Søren Knudsen Kjær Remus Teodorescu
Professor Professor
• Battery cells characterization and performance testing
• Battery cells accelerated calendar and lifetime testing
• Battery cells lifetime and performance modelling
• Energy managment strategies development for stationary and automotive applications
• Simulation of the Li‐ion batteries with renewable and automotive applications
• Economic analyses for different energy storage applications
• Battery pack design and construction
• V2G applications: EVs to Support Large Wind Power penetration in Future Danish
Power Systems
Cylindrical
2.5Ah
172V, 56Ah
Prismatic
Source: Aalborg University
50Ah
Pouch cells
with fixture
Source: Aalborg University
Source: Ikerlan
Prismatic cells
Source: Aalborg University
Source: Aalborg University
Source: Altair Nano
Source: FuelCon
In order to assess the quality of the cell terminals connection following verification
test is used at AAU:
1. Load the cell with 30 seconds charge or discharge constant current equal to 1C.
2. Measure the voltage drop (in mV) between the cell terminal and the copper
block/nickel block (etc.) on both positive and negative terminals.
3. Calculate the resistance:
ܸ௦௨ௗ
ܴൌ
ܫௗ
4. If the calculated resistance for both of the terminals is below 0.1m, then
connection is proper. If measured resistance for any of the terminals is higher than
0.1m, then the state of the connection should be verified.
5. Procedure 1‐4 can be performed periodically during cell lifetime (especially in the
situation when battery cells are disconnected from the fixture).
Maccor Battery Test Station
10V, 30A
Self‐made Climatic Chamber
Gamry FRA
Source: Aalborg University
Memmert Universal
FuelCon portable EIS analyzer. Oven UNP 500.
Digatron MCT cell tester, 36 testing circuits 6V, 50A Digatron BNT module tester, 2 testing circuits 100V, 100A
Temperature Test Chamber
for Battery Modules Weiss WT3‐340/40
Source: Aalborg University
Source: Aalborg University
Source: Southwest Research Institute
3 Pause 15 min
4 PAU 15 min
6 PAU 15 min
Source: Aalborg University
• Possible hysteresis
Source: Aalborg University
• Cell pre-conditioning
• Tempering procedures
• DC resitance measurements
• Abuse tests
6
10 mHz
4
- Imaginary Z
2
10 Hz
0.44 kHz
1
0
10kHz
• The internal resistance is the key parameter for determining power, energy
efficiency and lost heat of a lithium ion cell
Source: Southwest Research Institute
Source: Southwest Research Institute
Challenges:
Source: Southwest Research Institute
*Active cooling
Knowing life at various temperatures will help with:
Accelerated calendar ageing
tests
Challenges:
needed
Slide 43 9/10/2014 DANISH BATTERY SOCIETY WORKSHOP 2014
Cycle lifetime tests
Source: Southwest Research Institute
Cycle depth
SOC level 1
Cdepth level 2 SOC level 1
Cdepth level 2 SOC level 1
Cdepth level 2
Temp. level 1
SOC level 1 Temp. level 2
SOC level 1 Temp. level 3
SOC level 1
Cdepth level 2 Cdepth level 2 Cdepth level 2
Temp. level 1SOC level 1
Temp. level 2SOC level 1
Temp. level 3
- Number of cells per test case to
SOC level 1
Cdepth level 2
Temp. level 1 Cdepth level 2
Temp. level 2
SOC level 1
Cdepth level 2
Temp. level 3
SOC level 1 SOC level 1
achieve statistical relevance
Cdepth level 3 Cdepthlevel 3 Cdepth level 3
Temp. level 1SOC level 1
SOC level 1 Temp. level 2SOC level 1
Temp. level 3
Cdepth level 3 Cdepthlevel 3 Cdepth level 3
Temp. level 1SOC level 1
SOC level 1 Temp. level 2SOC level 1
Temp. level 3
Cdepth level 3 Cdepthlevel 3 Cdepth level 3
- Optimal matrix design for given
SOC level 1 SOC level 1 SOC level 1 service
SO
C
Temperature
- Reduce time and resources needed
• Capacity Measurements
• Internal Resistance Measurements
(Pulse Power Capability)
• AC Impedance Measurements
Source: D. Stroe et al. “Accelerated Lifetime Testing Methodology for Lifetime Estimation of Li‐ion Batteries used in
Augmented Wind Power Plants,” IEEE Energy Conversion Congress and Expo, Denver, US, September 16‐20, 2013
Source: Aalborg University
Source: Aalborg University
• Emissivity
– thermal camera with adjustable emissivity
• Thermal conductivity
– transient plane source (TPS) technique (not measured at AAU)
• Heat generation
– adiabatic calorimetry (not measured at AAU)
Postdoc. Maciej Swierczynski
PhD Fellow Daniel Stroe
Assoc. Prof. Erik Schaltz
Maciej Swierczynski
Post Doc
mas@et.aau.dk