Biology Keystone Module 1 Practicetest
Biology Keystone Module 1 Practicetest
Biology Keystone Module 1 Practicetest
2) Living organisms can be classified as prokaryotes or eukaryotes. Which two structures are common
to both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?
3) Alveoli are microscopic air sacs in the lungs of mammals. Which statement BEST describes how the
structure of alveoli allows lungs to function properly?
A. They increase the amount of energy transferred from the lungs to the blood.
B. They increase the flexibility of the lungs as they expland during inhalation.
C. They increase the volume of the lungs, allowing more oxygen to be inhaled.
D. They increase the surface areas of the lungs, allowing efficient gas exchange.
4) Which statement BEST describes an effect of the low density of frozen water in a lake?
5) Which statement correctly describes how carbon’s ability to form four bonds makes it uniquely
suited to form macromolecules?
6) Carbohydrates and proteins are two types of macromolecules. Which functional characteristic of
proteins distinguishes them from carbohydrates?
7) A scientist formed Chemical X in a laboratory. The material was then analyzed by other scientists.
Analysis showed that the chemical was composed of long chains of repeated CH2 molecules.
A researcher noticed that a similar CH2 molecular structure was also located in the plasma membrane of
an animal cell. The CH2 molecular structure contained a negatively charged phosphate groups. Which
statement BEST describes the primary function of the CH2 and phosphate molecular structure located in
the plasma membrane?
8) Which type of organic molecule was MOST LIKELY formed by the scientist in the laboratory?
A. Lipid
B. Protein
C. Carbohydrate
D. Nucleic acid
10) A scientist observes that, when the pH of the environment surrounding an enzyme is changed, the
rate the enzyme catalyzes a reaction greatly decreases. Which statement BEST describes how a
change in pH can affect an enzyme?
11) The diagram models how a poison bonds to the active site of an enzyme. Which function is the
enzyme MOST LIKELY unable to perform because of the attachment of the poison molecule?
12) The graph shows how the activity of an enzyme changes at different temperatures. Which
statement BEST describes what happens to the enzyme when the temperature of the reaction
increases to 63 degrees?
13) Using a microscope, a student observes a small, green organelle in a plant cell. Which energy
transformation MOST LIKELY occurs first within the observed organelle?
A. ATP to light
B. Light to chemical
C. Heat to electrical
D. Chemical to chemical
14) Photosynthesis and cellular respiration are two major processes of carbon cycling in living
organisms. Which statement correctly describes one similarity between photosynthesis and cellular
respiration?
15) A protein in a cell membrane changed its shape to move sodium and potassium ions against their
concentration gradients. Which molecule was most likely used by the protein as an energy source?
A. ATP
B. ADP
C. Catalase
D. Amylase
Name__________________________________________ Date__________________ Period______
16) Which component of this membrane contains a hydrophobic region and acts as the primary barrier
to MOST foreign substances?
A. Protein
B. Cholesterol
C. Carbohydrate chain
D. Phospholipid bilayer
17) Carbon dioxide and oxygen are molecules that can move freely across a plasma membrane. What
determines the direction that carbon dioxide and oxygen molecules move?
18) A sodium-potassium pump within a cell membrane requires energy to move a sodium and
potassium ions into or out of a cell. The movement of glucose into or out of a cell does not require
energy. Which statement BEST describes the movement of these materials across a cell membrane?
A. Sodium and potassium ions move by active transport, and glucose moves by osmosis.
B. Sodium and potassium ions move by active transport, and glucose moves by facilitated diffusion.
C. Sodium and potassium ions move by facilitated diffusion, and glucose moves by osmosis.
D. Sodium and potassium ions move by facilitated diffusion, and glucose moves by active transport.
19) The rough endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi apparatus work together in eukaryotic cells. What is
one way that the rough endoplasmic reticulum assists the Golgi apparatus?
20) Which example is an activity that a fish MOST LIKELY uses to maintain homeostasis within its body?
CONSTRUCTED-RESPONSE QUESTION
Proteins are a major part of every living cell and have many different functions within
each cell. Carbohydrates also perform numerous roles in living things.
Part B: Describe how the structures of proteins differ from the structures of
carbohydrates.
Part C: Describe how the functions of proteins differ from the functions of
carbohydrates.