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Hans Witzlinger

German
BUT HELLO!

grammar exercises
A1

www.deutschkurse-passau.de
link: German - But Hello / elementary level

ISBN 978-3-7098-0827-6
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grammar A1

Table of Contents
lesson 1 1

1.1. Verb - Conjugation 1.2. 1

Personal pronouns - nominative 1.3. Word 4

order - main clause / interrogative clause lesson 2 5

8th

2.1. Strong verbs 8th

2.2. Nouns and articles - nominative 9

2.3. salutation 11
lesson 3 12

3.1. Nouns - Rules of Pleasure 12

3.2. Nouns - Compounds 3.3. 13

Adjective lesson 4 14
15
4.1. Non-separable and separable verbs 15
4.2. Nouns and articles - accusative 16

4.3. Personal Pronouns - Accusative Lesson 18

5 19
5.1. Possessive article 19

5.2. past tense (imperfect) - to have / to be 5.3. 20

adverbs of time 20
lesson 6 21
6.1. Nouns and articles - dative 21
6.2. Pronoun - dative 22

6.3. Imperative 23
Lesson 7 24
7.1. sentence structures 24
7.2. modal verbs 25

7.3. Prepositions with dative lesson 26

8 27
8.1. Perfect 27

8.2. Main Clauses - Conjunctions 8.3. 29

prepositions with accusative 30

More exercises and grammar topics:

German - BUT HELLO! - Basic grammar exercises (A1 - B1)

ISBN 978-3-7098-1436-9

German - BUT HELLO! - Basic grammar exercises

solution tape
ISBN 978-3-7098-1022-4

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lesson 1
1.1. Verb - conjugation

to learn write
you learn I write

Personal pronouns > ending

I learn German. i > -e
You learn German. you > -st

Carlos learns German. Carlos > -t

Lena learns German. Lena > -t

(Carlos and I) We study German. we > -en

(Lena and you) you learns German. you > -t

Lena and Carlos study German. Lena and Carlo > -en

Exercise 1
Example: go You go to the cinema.

come to buy

a) Mary come___ from Rome. e) Martin buys___ fruit.

b) Carlos come___ from Madrid. f) Mary buys___ Coke.
c) I come from ____ _______________. g) Robert and Inga buy ___ ice cream.

d) Karl and Eva come from ____ Passau. h) I buy___ mineral water.

reside drink
i) I live ___ in Passau. m) You drink ___ orange juice.
j) Carlos lives___ also in Passau. n) You drink___ coffee.
k) We live___ in Passau. o) I drink___ beer.
l) You also live in Passau. p) Robert drinks___ mineral water.

exercise 2
Example: Max comes from Cologne.
live go come hear study buy drink do know learn live

a) Murat ____________ Music. f) We ____________ home.

b) you ____________ in Passau. g) Theo ____________ Eve.
c) Hannah ____________ in Vienna. h) you ____________ German.
you ____________ a break. i) Eve ____________ an ice cream.

e) you ____________ in Berlin. j) We ____________ Juice.

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exercise 3
Example: buy Lena buys Coke. And you? - I'll buy juice.

a) come Hatem come__ from Cairo. And you? - I come__ ____ ______________.
b) drink I drink__ coffee. And you? - I drink__ water.
c) live d) Maria lives in Rome. And you? - I live__ in _________________.
ask e) We ask__ Ms. Lehmann. And you? - I'll ask__ Theo.
study f) go Paul is studying__ in Munich. And you? I also study__ in Munich.
I go back home. And you? - I'm going__ home too.

work , wait , find, talk > -t, -d work

you work I work
Lena works. You work < + e
You work. Carlos works < + e
Hanna works < + e
We work
Her is working <+e
Maria and Carlos work

dance dance, kiss, hot > -s, -ss, -ß, -z

I dance You dance.
You dance < no s
Carlos is dancing
Hannah is dancing
We Dance
Her dances

Maria and Carlos are dancing

Danger! Verbs ending in -eln: e.g. B. iron - I iron (rarely: I iron)

exercise 4
You can complete the endings.

talk reply

a) I talk___ with Paul. e) The student answers___.

b) You talk___ with Klaus. f) I answer___ Carlos.
c) We talk___ with Maria. g) You answer___ Mary
d) Paul talks___ to Eva. h) Your answer___ not

to travel mean
i) We travel___ to Spain. m) The student's name is ___ Elena.
j) I am traveling ___ to Poland. n) The student's name is ___ Carlos.
k) You travel ___ to France. o) Your name is___ ________________________.
l) Your trip ___ to Canada. p) My name is___ ________________________.

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exercise 5
Example: You study .

a) I study___. b) your work___.

Max is studying___. Lena and Hanna work___.
We study___. We work___.
Eve study___. You work___.
Paul and Mary study___. I work___.
You study___. Max work___.

c) We travel___ to Prague. d) Thomas and Eva talk___ with Lena.

I'm going ___ to Prague. You talk___ with Lena.
Carlos travels___ to Prague. I talk___ with Lena.
Your travel___ to Prague. Hanna talk___ with Lena.
You travel___ to Prague. You talk___ with Lena.
Lena and Theo travel___ to Prague. We talk___ with Lena.

be

I am student
You are you student
lena is student.
Theo is University student.

we are Students.
Her are Students.
Max and Paul are Students.
Eve and Lena are Female students.

I'm Lena / student. > Who? / What?

i am sick > How?
i am here > where?

exercise 6
Example: Julia and Maria - in Italy Julia and Maria are in Italy.

a) Max - in the cinema c) We - in the hotel e) Your - on the bus

b) You - in Berlin d) Paul and Jana - at home f) I - in the German course

exercise 7
Example: I 'm not at home.

a) Juliet and Mary _______ in Italy. f) Carlos _______ Spanish.

b) you ______ here. g) your _______ in the bus.

c) We ______ in the supermarket. h) i _______ in German course.

d) you ______ not in Rome. i) you ______ kind.
e) Lena ______ at home. j) Pedro ____ Sick.

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1.2. Personal pronoun - nominative

what are you studying - I study mathematics.
what are you studying - We're studying law.
What is Max studying? - He 's studying medicine.
What is Anna studying? - She studies computer science.
What are Carlos and Maria studying? - You study German.

i drink lemonade (Peter and I) We drink tea.

you drink coffee (Maria and you) You drink orange juice.
(Carlos) He drinks Coke.
(Maria) She drinks mineral water. (Paul and Lisa) They drink milk.
(Girl) It drinks apple juice.

Exercise 1

Example: Carlos - listen - music Is Carlos listening ? - Yes, he listens to music.

a) Ms. White - work c) you - learn e) her - drink - juice

b) Peter - talk d) you - study f) Eva and Lisa - dancing

exercise 2

Complete.

a) You're learning German, aren't you? b) - Yes, _____ learn German.

You're going home now, aren't you? c) Carlos is - Yes, _____ ________ home.

learning German, isn't he? d) Maria is from Italy, - Yes, _____ ________ German.

right? e) You're studying in Munich, aren't you? - Yes, _____ __________ from Italy.

- Yes, _____ ____________ in Munich.

f) Eva and Max live in Cologne, right? - Yes, _____ ______________ in Cologne.

exercise 3

Complete.

a) Mr. Schneider lives in Munich. He 's a teacher.

b) Mr. Schneider drinks water. c) Does _____ doesn't drink beer.

Mr. Schneider live in Munich? - Yes, d) What e) What's ____ ________ in Munich.

the name _____ Mr. Schneider

of the woman? by profession?
- f) Ms. Berg _______ in- ____ _____ Teacher.

Cologne. g) Where h) What is _____ ________ Mrs. Berg.

______ is a reporter.

________ Ms. Berg? - _____ _________ in Cologne.

_____ by profession? - _____ ______ reporter.

exercise 4

Example: Where does Carlos live? - He lives in Rome.

a) What is the name of the student? _____ name is Maria.

- b) What is Mr. Klein drinking? - c)____ drinks orange juice.

What are Max and Anna studying? - d) _____ study law.

______
Where do you live? - e) What live in Passau.
is your

profession? - ______am a reporter.

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1.3. Word order - main clause / interrogative

clause main clause
Position II
Mary is from Rome.
Maria comes from Rome.

Exercise 1

Example: We are learning German. We learn German.

a) I'm coming__ tomorrow. d) We drink___ juice.

b) Maria is studying__ computer science. e) You study__ in Passau.

c) You live ___ in Passau. f) Carlos buy__ fruit.

exercise 2

Example: live Clara - in Vienna Clara lives in Vienna > Clara lives in Vienna.

a) hear we - music e) come Tamara - from Russia

b) Max and Eva travel - to Ireland f) write I - a text message

c) buy we - bread g) study Lena - in Vienna

d) work Mr. Berg - in Munich h) be You at home

Questions with a question word - wh-questions

Anna is studying medicine.

Who studies medicine? - Anna.
What is Anna studying? - medicine.
What 's the name of the student? - Anna.

exercise 3

Example: What are you doing? - I'm learning German.

a) ______ buys bread? - Carlos __________ Bread.

b) ______ is the name of the teacher? - She ___________ Mrs. Lehmann.

c) ______ does Paul drink? - Paul ________ Beer.

d) ______ lives in Passau? - Peter and Mary __________ in Passau.

e) ______ are you studying? - _____ study law.

f) ______ is learning German? - We _____________ German.

g) ______ old is Thomas? - _____ ______ twenty years old.

h) ______ late is it? - It _____ now 12:00.

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exercise 4
Complete.

a) ______ is that? - This is cheese.

______ buy cheese? - Peter buys cheese.

______ does Peter buy cheese? - In the supermarket.

______ come__ the cheese? - From France.

b) ______ is that? - That is ___________________.

______ drink__ ______? does Eve buy - Eva drink ________________ ________________.

______ ______________? he comes - In the supermarket.

-
______ _____________? ______ Spain.

c) ______ is that? - That _____ Bread.

______ buy__ bread? - Paul and Maria buy__ bread.

______ buy__ Paul and Maria bread? - In the supermarket.

d) ______ is that? - That _____ __________.

______ drink__ ________? - You drink ____ ______.

______ come__ the ________? - From Italy.

Where?

in Egypt

where from?
where?
to Egypt from Egypt

Where?

at home
where? where from?
home _ from home

Where? > I live where? _____ Passau. You study___ ___ You Munich.
> I am traveling from where ? ______ Rome. fly___ _____ Brazil.
> I'm coming e _____ Hungary. You come___ _____ Japan.

where are you going > Where are you going?

where are you from > Where are you from?

exercise 5
where where to where from

a) ________ are you studying? d) ________ are you coming?

b) ________ are you going? e) ________ do you work?

c) ________ do you live? f) ________ are you?

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Questions without a question word - yes/no questions

Position I
Do you work in Passau? - Yes, I work in Passau. Questions without a question word: verb > position I

exercise 6
Reply.

a) Are you talking to Max? Yes, ____________________________________

b) Do you drink coffee? c) Yes, ____________________________________

Do you study German? d) Yes, ____________________________________

Do you live in Passau? e) Yes, ____________________________________

Are you traveling to Italy? f) Yes, ____________________________________

Do you buy wine? g) Are you Yes, ____________________________________

going home? h) Are you a Yes, ____________________________________

student? Yes, ____________________________________

exercise 7

Example: Do you order tea? (Coffee) > No, I'll order coffee .

a) Do you drink coke? (Orange juice)

b) Do you work in Berlin? (Cologne)

c) do you dance? (Not)

d) Do you study in Vienna? (Passau)

e) Do you go to the cinema? (home)

f) Do you buy cheese? (Sausage)

Do you study? + Yes, I study.

And you? Do you study, too? - No, I'm not studying .
don't you study + Yes, I am studying.
And you? don't you study - No, I'm not studying .

exercise 8

Answer the questions.

a) Does Maria study mathematics? + Yes, ___________________________________

b) Is Carlos from London? - No, ________________________________

c) Are you traveling to England? + ____________________________________

d) Aren't you learning German? + ____________________________________

-
e) Aren't you from Tokyo? ____________________________________
-
f) Are you going home? ____________________________________

g) Do you drink tea? + ____________________________________

-
h) Don't you work in Munich? ____________________________________
-
i) Do you go to the cinema? ____________________________________

j) Are Robert and Eva studying law? + ____________________________________

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Lesson 2
2.1. Strong verbs
I'm going to Munich. where are you going

weak (regular) learn strong (irregular)

I I drive

you learn you drive

he/she/it learns he/she/it drives

we learn we drive
her learns journey

they learn you they drive

a>ä Exercise 1
roast meat I fry - you fry Example: Does Peter write? (talk)
drive I drive - you drive Peter doesn't write, he talks.
keep I hold - you hold
a) Does Inge drink? (meal)
sleep I sleep - you sleep
b) Does Christian study? (sleep)
wear I wear wash I wash - - you wear
c) Is Lena going? (to run)
you wash
d) Does Klaus work? (Read newspaper)
e>i e) Is Claudia staying? (drive back home)
meal I eat - you eat

give I give - you give

exercise 2
help I help - you help
Example: I sleep late. - not long
take I take - you take
Carlos doesn't sleep long.
speak I speak - you speak
a) I am going to Munich. - to Bremen
meet I meet - you meet
b) I speak slowly. - quickly

e > ie c) I read the newspaper. - a German book

read I read - you read d) I wear brown shoes. - black shoes
see I see - you see
e) I eat cake. - Fruit

ow > ow f) I help Peter. - Julia

to run I walk - you run g) I don't run fast. - not fast either

weak verbs (with -t or -d)

waiting I'm waiting you're waiting he/she/it is waiting we are waiting you wait Wait
talk I'm talking about you talk he/she/it talks we talk you talk they talk

strong verbs (with -t or -d)

keep I hold you hold he/she/it holds we hold you hold you carry

exercise 3
Example: I live in Passau. And you? Do you also live in Passau?

a) I read a lot. And you? e) I run in the park. And you?

b) I like to eat ice cream. And you? f) I ride a bicycle. And you?

c) I sleep late. And you? g) I'll take a pizza. And you?

d) I help Klaus. And you? h) I'm talking to Max. And you?

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2.2. Nouns and articles - nominative

Certain articles
The student lives in Passau. masculine the
The reporter lives in Cologne. feminine the nouns
The girl lives in Munich. neutral the always capitalize!
The students learn German. Plural the

Exercise 1

Complement the articles.

a) _____ hotel e) _____ Pen i) _____ Supermarket

b) _____ Beer f) _____ Bottle j) _____ movie theater

c) _____ milk g) _____ bread k) _____ reporters

d) _____ orange juice H) _____ school l) _____ professor

Names, city names, etc. > usually no article (Paul, Munich, Italy)

Plural
1. --- the window the window
2. -"- the coat the the coats
3. ---e table the juice the table
4. -"-e the juices
5. ---he the child the children
6. -"-er the man the men
7. --- (e)n the woman the women
the pocket the bags
the student the the students inside
8. ---s cinema the cinemas

Coffee, tea, milk, water, music etc. > usually no plural, often no article

Paul drinks beer. > general

Paul drinks the beer. > a specific beer

exercise 2

Example: the bread - the loaves

a) ____ Teacher - the ____________ b) ____ school - the ____________

b) ____ exercise - the ____________ f) ____ city - the ____________

c) ____ question - the ____________ g) ____ tree - the ____________

d) ____ bicycle - the ____________ H) ____ profession - the ____________

exercise 3

Example: the tomato - the tomatoes

a) _____________________ c) _____________________

b) _____________________ d) _____________________

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Indefinite article
a tree > masculine a
a clock > feminine one What is that? - That's a tree.
a book > neutral a

books > plural Indefinite plural: no article

What is that? - These are books.

exercise 4
Example: what is this? (table) This is a table.

a) (chair) d) (pins) g) (jacket) j) (German books)

b) (bag) e) (cup) h) (apples) k) (flowers)
c) (folder) f) (computers) i) (door) l) (shoes)

negation
Negation with "not"
Are you reading? - No, I do n't read.
Do you learn Spanish? - No, I'm not learning Spanish.
are you studying law - No, I'm not studying law.
do you know lisa - No, I don't know Lisa .
Do you like dancing? - No, I do n't like to dance.
Do you live in Berlin? - No, I do n't live in Berlin.
do you drink the water - No, I don't drink the water .

Negation with "no"

is that an apple - No, that's not an apple.
is that an orange - No, that's not an orange.
is that a bread - No, this is not bread.

are those apples - No, these are n't apples.

exercise 5
Example: Do you live in Cologne? - No, I don't live in Cologne.

a) Are you traveling to Hamburg? - No, ... d) Are you ill? e) Do - No, ...
b) Is Carlos from Rome? - No, ... you go to the cinema? f) - No, ...
c) Do you visit Klaus? - No, ... Does Carlos study a lot? - No, ...

Drinks and food often without articles > negation: "no-"

exercise 6
Complete.

_____ is this? is that bread

No, that's not is _________. That is ___________.
______ that? Is ______ soup?
No, the ______ _______ soup. That ______ ______.
______ is _____ ? ______ the milk?
No that _____ _______ Milk. That is _____________________.
What ______ ______? Is ______ apple juice?
No that _____ _______ __________________. That is ______________.

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2.3. salutation
Peter, where do you live?
familial singular - you plural - her
Mr. Maier, where do you live? plural - you
officially singular - you
Mark and Robert, where do you live?
Mr and Mrs Müller, where do you live?

Exercise 1

Complete.

a) I ask Carlos: c) I ask Anna and Maria:

How hot__ ___? How hot__ _____?
Learn German? Studying _____ in Passau?
Are you ____ ____ from Madrid? Learn German?
living__ ____ in Passau? Come on__ _____ from Italy?

drink__ ____ beer? drink__ _____ wine?

b) I ask Ms. Mayer: d) I ask Mrs. Müller and Mrs. Berg:

How hot__ ___? Where do you live __ _____?

Work__ ____ in Berlin? Drive__ _____ to Frankfurt?

Come__ ____ from Cologne? Learn__ _____ German?
Living__ ____ in Dresden? Walk__ _____ to the movies?

Drink__ ____ Wine? Drink__ _____ Beer?

exercise 2

Mary asks:

a) What study___ ______, Robert? e) Resident ___ ____ in Munich, Ms. Klein?
b) Work___ _____ in Munich, Mr. Berg? f) Learn___ ____ also English, Peter?
c) Drink___ _____ wine, Carlos? g) Come___ ____, dad?
d) Hello Anna, hello Eva! Come__ _____? h) Mr. and Mrs. Moor, have _____ Time?

exercise 3

Complete the sentences.

a) Peter ask__ Julia: "Study__ ____ mathematics?"

b) The reporter asks__ Ms. White: "What's your name__ ____?"
c) You ask__ Maria: "Go__ ____ to the cinema?"
d) Paul asks Max and Julia: "What are you doing __ ____ tomorrow?"
e) The professor asks Carlos and Peter: "Where do you come from __ ____?"
f) I ask Max and Robert: "Play __ ____ football?"
g) You ask__ the tourists: "Come __ ____ from Vienna?"

exercise 4

Complete the pronouns.

Herr Klein: Excuse me _____, are ____ not from England?

Carlos: No, ____ come from Spain.
Mr. Klein: Oh! Come _____ from Malaga?
Carlos: No, ____ I'm from Madrid. And where do _____ come from?
Mr Small: ____ come from Merano.
Carlos: Oh, _____ come from Italy.
Mr Small: Yes, ____ come from Northern Italy.

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lesson 3
3.1. Noun - rules of enjoyment
the the the
males and animals females and animals

the colleague, the lion the student, the cat

male professions female professions
the doctor the doctor

Months, days, time of day* often: vegetables, fruit -chen, -lein

May, Monday, morning the tomato, the pear the girl, the little table

-or -egg -ment

the motor the bakery the apartment
-en -ung, -ness, -ness -around

the garden the newspaper, the illness the center

-ism -tat, -ion, -ik, -ur infinitive + that

the tourism the action learning

*
but: the night

Exercise 1
Sort them.
Uncle - apartment - car - teacher - little table - neighbor - rolls - girlfriend - May -

Newspaper - Professor - Police - Date - Information - Package - Reporter - Butcher -

Nature - Music - Wednesday - Grandpa - Optimism - Health - Document - Monitor - Factory -

the (mask.) the that (neuter)

Uncle,

Suffixes -en > Write the articles.

1. Noun ending in -en (usually mask.): the wagon / the oven
2. z. T. for plural (often mask. or fem.): 3. the student > the students / the door > the doors

Infinitive as noun (neutr.): learn > the learning

Warning: Sometimes there are more options:

e.g. B. Reisen >> das Reisen (infinitive as a noun) / die Reisen (pl. from die Reise)

exercise 2
Sort them.

Jackets - Food - Exercises - North - Eyes - Dancing - Cake - Pants - Reading - Rain Bags - Garden - Diseases - Ham
- Life - Answers - Speaking - Pears - Roast

the (mask. noun) das (infinitive as noun) the (plural)

Jackets,

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3.2. Nouns - Compounds

the coffee + the machine > the coffee maker
basic word

Exercise 1
Write the article and mark the root word.
Example: the computer course

a) _____ dictionary e) _____ campervan

b) _____ vacuum cleaner f) _____ Kettle
c) _____ VCR g) _____ Mineral water
d) _____ lunch H) _____ refrigerator

the exercise + s + the book > the exercise book

the orange + n + the juice the > the orange juice
child + he + the garden > the kindergarten
basic word

exercise 2
Form nouns.

a) _____ sun + b) _____ screen > ______________________

_____ apartment + _____ door > ______________________

c) _____ flower + _____ vase > ______________________

d) _____ Profession_____ school > ______________________

+ e) _____ word + _____ A book > ______________________

high + the house > the skyscraper

basic word

exercise 3
Form nouns.

a) black + b) _____ bread > __________________________

_____ city
large + c) fresh > __________________________

+ d) small + _____ milk > __________________________

_____child e) old + > __________________________

_____ paper > __________________________

sleep + the tablet > the sleeping pill

wait + the room > the waiting room
basic word

exercise 4
What fits together?

a) wash b) Word ___________________

ask questions a house ___________________
c) play d) office ___________________
buy e) travel machine the washing machine

path ___________________
f) dance course ___________________
g) walk place ___________________

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3.3. adjective

Is the car new? - No, it's old.

Exercise 1
Example: Book - thick Is the book thick? - Yes, it 's pretty thick.

a) House - small e) Laptop - expensive i) tea - hot

b) question - difficult f) bread - old j) Movie - exciting
c) drinks - cold g) you - sick k) apples - sour
d) Peter - lazy h) Bananas - cheap l) Paul and Eve - tired

exercise 2
Example: Is the film exciting? - No, he's boring.

a) Is the water warm? g) Is the car slow? m) Is the bread old?

b) Is the milk cheap? h) Is the movie good? n) Is the man old?
c) Is the exam easy? i) Is the exercise difficult? o) Is the bike old?
d) Is Paul healthy? j) Is the music loud? p) Is the answer correct?
e) Is the student lazy? k) Is the apple sweet? q) Is the egg hard?
f) Is the gentleman slim? l) Is the car expensive? a) Are you ill?

Colours
black gray white

light - dark

light blue - dark blue

light red - dark red

light green - dark green

exercise 3
Example: What color is a cherry? - She's red

a) What color is a cucumber? - ________________

b) What color is a banana? - ________________

c) What color is a tomato? - ________________

d) What color is the ocean? - ________________

e) What color is milk? - ________________

f) What color is coffee? - ________________

g) What color is orange juice? - ________________

h) What color is blood? - ________________

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lesson 4
4.1. Non-separable and separable verbs

Not separable verbs

Peter gets a schnitzel. > get > not separable

be-, emp-, ent-, er-, ge-, ver-, zer- are not separable

Exercise 1
Example: visit - Max - the aunt Max visits the aunt.

a) pay - you - the bill f) enjoy - you - the free time

b) begin - the course - on Monday g) understand - I - the problem
c) recommend - I - the steak h) forgot - Paul - the homework
d) dismissed - the company - many workers i) earn - Karl - a lot of money
e) explain - teacher - the grammar j) tear - Maria - the note

Separable verbs

The train arrives at 18.00 . > arrive > separable

down, on, up, out, in, with, forth, forward, to, back are separable

exercise 2
Example: lock - you - the door You lock the door.

a) depart - the bus - in 10 minutes f) invite - I - Peter - to the cinema

b) tick - you - the correct answer g) manufacture - Siemens - computers
c) get up - he - at 7.00 h) read - the student - the presentation
d) get off - I - in Frankfurt i) close - you - the door
e) arrive - the train - at 20.30 j) return - he - the book

exercise 3
Put in the verbs.
Example: I am calling Anna .
leave fill in shop ride invite read out come back listen

call get explain forget order tick get off

a) you _______ in the supermarket _____. i) Jana _____ a story to the children ____.

b) We _______ not to Munich tomorrow ____. j) i _________ Tea with lemon.

c) i ______ you to eat ____. k) Nadja _______ tomorrow from Romania ______.

d) Klaus ___________ visit tomorrow. l) We _________ the right answer ____.

e) The train ________ in five minutes _____. m) The teacher _______ the grammar.

f) We ________ the teacher in the German course ___. n) Eve __________ often appointments.

g) Paul _______ at the next station ____. o) Mary ________ the form _____.

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4.2. Nouns and articles - accusative

Elena the cake.
eats
subject predicate object/accusative

Certain articles
subject predicate object
I buy the coat. masculine the
Paul ordered the tomato soup. feminine the
Julia pay for the fruit. neutral the
we read the books. Plural the

Exercise 1
Example: mineral water I drink the mineral water.

a) coffee c) tea e) tomato soup g) orange juice

b) soup d) steak f) cake h) Pizza

Indefinite article
Subject Predicate I object
order a roast lamb. masculine a
You eats a soup. feminine one
Eve takes a daily menu. neutral a
we to buy oranges. Plural --

These verbs have an accusative object

exercise 2
Accusative
Examples: ask You ask object (b) the (b) > determined
take I take teacher (u) a tomato salad. (u) > indefinite

a) visit b) You ___________ (b) _____ Grandfather.

pay c) book Her ___________ (b) _____ Ticket.
d) listen e) You ___________ (u) _____ Trip.

know f) buy Her ___________ (u) _____ CD.

g) learn h) I ___________ (b) _____ Professor.
need i) drink she ___________ (u) _____ German book.
j) understand we ___________ (b) _____ Words.
k) count l) You ___________ (u) _____ Dictionary.

eat m) read I ___________ (u) _____ Orange juice.

n) take o) He ___________ (b) _____ word not.

see p) carry we ___________ (b) _____ chairs.

q) meet r) He ___________ (u) _____ Ice.
have s) clean You Newspaper.
___________ (b) _____
t) costs He ___________ (u) _____ Steak.
You ___________ (u) _____ Movie.

Eve ___________ (b) _____ Pocket.

I ___________ (b) _____ Friends.
You ___________ (u) _____ Camera.
He ___________ (b) _____ Shoes.
The ice ___________ (u) _____ 80 euros

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I eat a toast. - What do you eat? - I eat a toast .

SP O O hp

Tea - a cup > a cup of tea

Cake - a piece > a piece of cake

Apple juice - a bottle > a bottle of apple juice

Chocolate - a bar > a bar of chocolate

exercise 3

Examples: Peanuts What are you eating? - I eat peanuts .

Glass of mineral water What are you drinking? - I drink a glass of mineral water .

a) chop b) e) grapes f) i) portion of ice

cup of coffee bowl of soup g) cream j) glass of orange
c) banana d) piece of cake h) juice k) salad l) bar of
cup of coffee doner kebab chocolate

Article - negation
I do n't use apple juice. no masculine none
I eat soup. do n't need feminine none
I a math book. neutral no
I buy no oranges. Plural no

to have

I have a wagon.
You have a wagon.
lena Has a wagon.
Theo Has a wagon.
we to have a wagon.
Her have a wagon.
Max and Paul have a wagon.

exercise 4

Example: Clock - I Unfortunately I don't have a clock.

a) vacation - Max d) time - Lena g) bike - her h)

b) camera - you e) car - you f) information - Theo i)
c) garden - her pen - me sunglasses - Eva

exercise 5

Example: Tea Are you drinking a cup of tea? - No thanks, I'm not drinking tea now.

a) apple pie b) f) orange k) strawberries

pizza c) fries g) cherry l) mineral water
d) ice cream e) juice h) m) Milk coffee
steak peanuts i) n) Fruit salad
sandwich j) roast o) Burger

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4.3. Personal pronouns - accusative

"Hello Anna! Are you visiting Peter?” “Yes, I am visiting him.”
"Do you know Maria?" "Yes, I know her."

do you eat the cake yes i eat it masculine

do you drink the milk Yes, I drink them. feminine
Do you read the book? Yes, I read it. neutral
do you buy the strawberries Yes, I buy them. Plural

Exercise 1

Example: "Who gets the steak?" - "I get it."

a) "Who gets ____ soup?" - "I get ____."

b) “Who gets ____ Roasted lamb?" - "I get ____."

c) “Who gets ____ Chop?" - "I get ____."

d) “Who gets ____ Ice?" - "I get ____."

e) “Who gets ____ Coffee?" - "I get ____."

Nominative I you he she it we her she, you

accusative Me you him she it us you they, you

exercise 2
subject object (acc.) subject object
Example: I know Maria, but she do n't know me

a) You know the professor, but _____ knows _______ Not.

b) Mary knows the teacher, but _____ knows _____ Not.

c) We know Arnold Schwarzenegger, but _____ knows _____ Not.

d) You know me, but _____ know ______ Not.

e) The girl knows Paul, but _____ knows ____ Not.

f) Mr. Meier knows Ms. Schneider, but _____ knows _____ Not.

g) Ms. Berg knows you, but _____ know _____ Not.

exercise 3

Example: Coffee - Do you drink the coffee ? - No, I don't drink it .

a) tea d) beer g) newspaper j) salami

b) lettuce e) chop h) strawberries k) book
c) milk f) apple juice i) mineral water l) cake

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lesson 5
5.1. possessive article
is this your camera - Yes, this is my camera.

masculine feminine neutral Plural

nominative my think my think
mean accusative think my think

Exercise 1

Examples: My living room is quite small. I'm visiting my uncle.

subject accusative object

a) I bring _________ bike to the garage. h) I am looking_________ socks.

b) _________ Uncle is going to Cologne tomorrow. for i) I would _________ sell computers .
c) I am meeting _________ colleague tomorrow. like j) _________ girlfriend is looking for a job.
d) I have to _________ clean room . k) _________ backpack is here.
e) _________ parents are going on vacation. l) I have to _________ cleaning shoes .
f) _________ pencil is gone. m) I can't find _________ pen .
g) I want ________ invite grandfather n) _________ car is very expensive.

i have a bike That is my Bicycle.

you have a watch That is yours Watch.

Peter has a computer. That is be Computer.

Anna has a camera. That is their Camera.

The girl is wearing a hat. That is be Cap.

We have an apartment. That is our Apartment.

you have a car That is your Automobile.

The guests get the luggage. That is her Baggage.

Danger!
masculine feminine neutral Plural
nominative your your your your
Accusative yours your your your

exercise 2

Example: I am visiting my aunt.

a) We visit _______ Parents. h) you meet _______ Friends.

b) Paul asks _______ father. i) We clean up _______ apartment.

c) Eve sees _______ uncle tomorrow. j) Max counts _______ Money.

d) You load _____ aunt one. ! [e] k) Eva meets tonight _______ Siblings.

e) You vacate ______ room up. l) you know _______ Neighbor?

f) Meets Amira _______ Girlfriend? m) We pick up ______ luggage.

g) Do you visit ______ Grandfather? ! [e] n) You pay _____ invoice. ! [e]

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5.2. Past tense (imperfect) - to have / to be

to have be
I would have I was
you had you were
he she it would have he she it was
we had we were
her had her wait
you had you were

Exercise 1
Example: Did n't he have time?

a) ______ you at the cinema yesterday? g) ______ you sick?

b) ______ your visit? h) ______ you in Cologne last week?
c) ______ he on vacation? i) ______ the film interesting?
d) ______ you vacation? j) ______ you already in the new disco?
e) ______ you satisfied with the food? k) ______ you work a lot?
f) ______ you problems? l) ______ you already with Klaus?

5.3. adverbs of time

seldom sometimes mostly always

never hardly off and on often almost always constant
almost never and on

exercise 2
Answer the questions.
Examples: don't you drink tea - often - Yes, I often drink tea.
don't you drink coffee - never - No, I never drink coffee.
do you drink coke - sometimes - Yes, I drink coke sometimes.

a) Do you sometimes go to the cinema? > now and then h) Do you play cards? > every now and then
b) Don't you eat fruit? > often i) Do you never ride your bike? > never
c) Do you often play football? > rare j) Do you never eat meat? > often

d) Don't you buy cheese? > sometimes k) Don't you ever take the bus? > now and then
e) Do you listen to music at home? > constantly l) Do you often go to the disco? > almost never

f) Do you not drink alcohol? > never m) Do you always read the newspaper? > hardly

g) Do you often go to the café? > hardly n) Don't you learn the words? > always

exercise 3

Examples: buy - wine Do you sometimes buy wine? - Yes, I buy wine from time to time .

a) drive - by bus d) drink - beer g) travel - to Spain

b) eat - fruit e) read - newspaper h) order - tea
c) wear - jeans f) take - whiskey i) fly - on vacation

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lesson 6
6.1. Nouns and articles - dative
certain articles
subject predicate object (dative)
I thanks the grandfather. masculine to the
You answer the reporter. feminine the
He helps the girl neutral to the
we help the people. Plural the -n

indefinite article
subject predicate object (dative)
I thank a friend. masculine one
You answer a journalist. feminine one
He a girl. neutral one
we congratulations help people. Plural -- -n

Exercise 1
Subject: person Dative object:
Example: help You help person to the uncle

a) reply b) thank Paul __________ _____ Professor.

c) believe d) He __________ _____ Aunt.

congratulate e) I __________ _____ Reporter.

trust f) forgive g) You __________ _____ Uncle.

listen He __________ _____ Grandfather.
I __________ _____ Friend.
The student __________ _____ professor ____.

exercise 2
Subject: thing (impers.) Dative object:
Example: belong The house belongs person to the uncle.

a) taste b) belong The ice __________ _____ children.

c) please d) fit The book __________ _____ Teacher.

The music __________ _____ student

The jacket __________ _____ Girl.

Position I Position II Position III

The food tastes the people
the people tastes the food

exercise 3
Make sentences with belong - taste - please.
Example: house - uncle The house belongs to the uncle or The uncle owns the house.

a) Pizza - children d) wine - guests g) books - students

b) jacket - grandfather e) trolley - boss h) strawberries - girls
c) Film - student f) dog - neighbor i) Pictures - Tourists

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6.2. Pronoun - dative

personal pronouns
Maria is on the phone with Robert.
Is Maria listening to Robert?
Yes, she listens to him .
Is Robert listening to Maria?
Yes, he listens to her .

Nominative I you he she it we her she, you

accusative me you him she it us you she, you
dative me to you him her him us you them you

do you believe me - Yes, I believe you. / Do you believe us? - Yes, I believe you.
Exercise 1
Example: Do you believe the student? No, I don't believe her .

a) Do you answer Peter? d) Do you believe Max and Maria? g) Do you forgive us?
b) Do you thank people? e) Are you listening to us? h) Do you congratulate Maria?

c) Do you trust Eva? f) Will you help Paul? i) Are you listening to Klaus?

Main clause: - You like the movie. > subject - predicate - dative object
- You like the movie. > Dative object - predicate - subject
question sentence: [ - Do you like the movie? > predicate - subject - dative object ]
- Do you like the film? > predicate - dative object - subject
- Do you like him? > Predicate - subject (personal pronoun) - dative object

exercise 2
Examples: Maria - wine Does Maria like the wine? - Yes, she likes it quite a bit.
DATAOBJECT SUBJECT SUBJECT DATA OBJECT

Max - fries Do Max 's fries taste good? - Yes, they taste pretty good to him .
DATAOBJECT SUBJECT SUBJECT DATAOBJECT

a) you - soup c) you - steak e) Robert - schnitzel g) you - fish

b) Julia - peanuts d) you - salad f) you - grapes h) children - ice cream

Question word
subject object/date dative subject
The book belongs to the professor. Who owns the book? - It belongs to the professor.
- The professor owns it.
exercise 3
Example: house - uncle Who owns the house? - It belongs to the uncle .

a) suitcase - tourist d) letter - i g) books - female students

b) camera - reporter e) bag - aunt h) apples - we
c) bike - girl f) wagon - teacher i) computer - you

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6.3. imperative
singular: Please come! Please wait! Please read!
plural: Please come! Please wait! Please read!
Singular and plural: Please come! Please wait! Please read!

Exercise 1

Infinitive informal / singular informal / plural officially

example: go go! Goes! Are you going!

a) ask b) _________ _________ ___________

buy c) _________ _________ ___________
work d) _________ _________ ___________ !
answer e) talk _________ _________ ___________ !
f) walk g) drive _________ _________ ___________ !
h) sleep i) _________ _________ ___________
give j) speak _________ _________ ___________
k) eat l) take _________ _________ ___________
m) be __________ _________ ___________ !
_________ _________ ___________ !
_________ _________ ___________ !
_________ _________ ___________ !
_________ _________ ___________ !

exercise 2
Example: Please complete the sentences, Mr. Peters! (add to)

a) Maria, ________ the bag please! (take)

b) Carlos and Peter, ________ not so loud please. (speak)
c) Claudia, d)_________
Mr. Max, the cutlery, please! (give)
_____________
Meier, e) Klaus, f) the package please! (to fetch)
______ 5not so fast! (meal)
Robert, g) _______
_______
minutes, Julia! (waiting)quiet Please! (be)

exercise 3
Example: I'm thirsty. (a beer - drink) Then drink a beer!

a) I am tired. (go to bed)

b) I have a headache. (a pill - take)
c) I work too much. (To go on vacation)
d) I'm hungry. (a cheese sandwich - eat)
e) I have a toothache. (to go to the dentist)

Stop! Stay here!

exercise 4

Example: come here > Come here! Come here! Come here!

a) call b) >

get in c) listen >

d) tick e) read >

out >
>

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lesson 7
7.1. sentence structures

Complete the sentences.

subject predicate
Klaus is sleeping

subject predicate object / dative

The screen heard the colleague.

object / dative predicate subject

heard .

subject predicate local

The bus moves to the town hall

local predicate subject

moves .

subject predicate temporal

I travel next week.

temporal predicate subject

.

subject predicate Object / dative modal

You help the colleague gladly.

modal predicate subject object / dative

object / dative predicate subject modal

.

subject predicate temporal local

My uncle flies on Monday to Malta.

temporal predicate subject local

flies .
local predicate subject temporal
flies .

subject predicate temporal object / accusative local

Max meets every Friday his friends in the pub.
object / accusative predicate subject temporal local
.
local predicate subject temporal object / accusative
meets .

temporal predicate subject object / accusative local

.

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7.2. modal verbs

Position II Position II
Paul works on Sunday. Eva visits the aunt.

Position II End Position II End

Robert also has to work on Sundays . Julia also wants to visit her aunt .

can I can to be should should want like / want like /

you can he/she/ allowed to got to wants want
it can may must should want like / want
may got to target want like / want
we can allowed to must should want like / want
you can they may must should have like / want
can be allowed to wanted want like / want

I like strawberries. (As a general rule)

I want to eat strawberries. (current wish)

Separable verbs: Eva is getting on now > Eva has to get on now .

Exercise 1
Form sentences with modal verbs.

want a) We won't come with you. may a) Robert does not go out.
b) You don't get up early. b) You're not coming.
c) You don't meet Klaus. c) I no longer smoke.
d) I do not eat the cake. d) Children do not drink alcohol.
e) Eva does not drink beer. e) You don't eat sugar.

can a) Julia does not understand the sentence. must a) Carlos learns the words.
b) You are not carrying the suitcase. b) You are still shopping.

c) Carlos runs very fast. c) I take the medicine.

d) I do not fall asleep. d) Paul repairs the bike.
e) We don't see you. e) We wait a long time.

exercise 2
Example: Do you play ...? - Yes, I can ...
- No, I can't...

a) Chess
b) table tennis

c) cards

d) roulette
b) football
f) violin

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7.3. prepositions with dative

preposition meaning examples
location from Munich, from Tunisia
out
material of glass

location with my parents, near Hamburg

at
time at night

way with you, with luck

With
instrument by car, with a knife
since time for one year

location to Cologne, to Italy

after
time after the concert

location from the university, from there

from
Perpetrator from you, from a friend
to location to Paul, at home

opposite to location opposite the hotel (postulated)

Sometimes these prepositions are attached to the article:

at > at the from > from the to > to the to > to the

Exercise 1

You can complete the endings.

a) Paul takes the ____ taxi home. g) Peter lives with d____ parents.
b) Maria has been living in Vienna for a ____ year. h) Eva has been working in Bonn for a week.
c) I pick up the package from d____ Post. i) Klaus takes the jacket out of the closet.
d) What time do you leave d____ the house in the morning? j) After ____ work he visits Maria.
e) Where are you going after d____ dinner? k) The hotel is opposite the train station.
f) Please get the wine from d____ the cellar! l) Max lived with his____ aunt for a long time.

exercise 2

Complete a preposition with the dative.

a) Paul is walking _____ the dog. h) I bring you _____ Train station.

b) These tomatoes come from _____ Spain. i) Mary lives _____ your parents.

c) I live _____ three months in Passau. j) She drives _____ the taxi home.

d) The petrol station is in the multi-storey car park ___________. k) We'll fetch our aunt _____ train station.

e) How much money do you have ______ to you? l) I'm leaving this afternoon _____ Klaus.

f) Can you pick me up at _______ airport? m) _____ I don't like jogging in the rain.

g) Maria does not want to ______ go on vacation. n) _____ who is the present?

exercise 3

Example: Are you going to Klaus? - No, I'm not going to see him.

a) Are you from Julia? e) Do you study with the female students?

b) Are you on the phone with grandfather? f) Are you going to see Mrs. Berg?

c) Do you speak to the secretary? g) Do you live with your parents?

d) Are the flowers from Max? h) Is the gift from Christian?

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lesson 8
8.1. Perfect
Perfect - weak verbs
Present tense: I'm going to buy an ice cream. An accident happens to me.
Perfect: I bought an ice cream . An accident happened to me .

infinitive buy-en work-en phone-en traveled

participle II bought-t ge-work-et phone-t travelled
I bought. I have worked. I made a phone call. I have traveled.

Position II END be position END

Perfect > have participle II Perfect > II participle II

i bought t _ _ I have travelled _ _

you bought t _ _ you traveled _ _ _
he/ she / it bought t he / she / it traveled
we bought t _ _ we have travelled _ _
you have bought _ _ you have travelled _ _
they bought t _ _ they have travelled _ _

Exercise 1

Example: buy - you - the car You bought the car .

a) live - he - in Cologne i) do not fit - the jacket - to me

b) learn - Eve - Arabic j) wait - we - for the bus
c) look for - he - his glasses k) answer - you - the reporter
d) fetch - you - a beer from the cellar l) rent - Eva and Max - a car
e) book - we - a flight m) correct - you - the text
f) thank - you - your friends n) congratulate - we - him
g) play - they - football o) travel - Paul - to Japan
h) say - Max - not a word p) happen - an accident

Perfect - strong verbs

Present tense: Julia is talking to Klaus. Max goes to the cinema.
Perfect: Julia spoke to Klaus . Max went to the cinema .
speak- go go
speak- s go

i have spoken i left _

you spoke _ you left _
he/she/ it spoke he/she/ it went
we have spoken we have gone
you have spoken you left _
they have spoken they left _

exercise 2
Example: When do you drink the tea? - I've already drunk it.

a) When will you meet Carmen? e) When will you help Paul?
b) When do you wash the sweater? f) When do you close the window?
c) When do you read the newspaper? g) When do you cut the onion?
d) When do you eat the cake? h) When do you write Eva and Maria?

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exercise 3
Example: what - drink What did you drink?

a) what - take b) g) what - read m) when - come! n)

what - find c) h) who - see i) where - to go ! o)
who - help d) what - eat j) where - fly ! p) where
how long - sleep e) where - go ! k) - sit !! q) where -
what - wear how long - stay ! stand !! r) where -
f) to whom - write l) where - to run ! lie !!

Present perfect - mixed verbs : I do

n't know.
Perfect: I did n't know that.
bring
brought

bring - think brought burn - know burned send - sent turn -

- know thought - - name known - turned
known called running - ran
(is)

Exercise
4 Example: bring the package Did you bring the package ?

a) the address - name c) Paul an e-mail - send d) e) on the date - think f) on the
b) the answer - know the journalist - know street - run !

Perfect - non-separable and separable verbs

weak strong mixed
visit-en lose lost burn burnt
visit-t
inseparable verbs > without ge

exercise 5
Example: order You have ordered.

a) explain c) recommend e) forget f) g) understand

b) enjoy d) lose tear up h) recognize

weak strong mixed

open up arrive-come- -bring-bring-
open up come-come bring- along
separable verbs > ge after the prefix

exercise 6
Example: shopping You bought a .

a) listen b) c) bring d) e) wake up f) g) get up h)

call invite come back get in

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8.2. Main Clauses - Conjunctions

Sandra is a student. She lives in Vienna. and Count
Sandra is a student (,) and lives in Munich. 2nd sentence with subject > (comma possible)
Sandra is a student and lives in Munich.

Clara has to catch the bus. Then she won't be late. or alternative
Clara has to catch the bus(,) or she will be late. 2nd sentence with subject > (comma possible)
Clara catches the bus or is late.
Max has a lot of time today. He used to be stressed all the time. but contrast
Max has a lot of time today, but he used to be stressed. 2nd HS > Opposite of 1st HS
I can visit you. Today I do not have time. but restriction
I can visit you, but I don't have time today. 2nd HS > limitation of 1st HS
Paul doesn't live in Cologne. He lives in Bonn. but correction
Paul does not live in Cologne, but (he lives) in Bonn. 2nd HS corrects negative 1st HS
Eva runs to the bus stop. The bus is coming in two minutes. then Reason
Eva runs to the bus stop because the bus is already coming. 2. HS reasons 1. HS (why?)

I II 0 I II
Monika plays tennis very well because she trains every day.

Exercise 1
Connect the sentences.

a) You are not flying to Crete. Her mother is in the hospital.

b) Paul doesn't drive to Klaus. He goes to Maria.
c) I would like to invite you. You have no time.
d) Lisa may visit me on Monday, maybe she will visit me on Tuesday.
e) Werner is a journalist. He works at a daily newspaper.
f) Maria does not order any wine. She orders beer.
g) We don't go to the cinema. We're going to the theatre.
h) He goes into the basement. He gets a bottle of wine.
i) We want to visit Lisa. It's her birthday tomorrow.
j) He does not want to rent the apartment. She's way too dark.

exercise 2

Example: Today I'm staying at home, but tomorrow I want to go to the theater.

a) I can't visit you, b) You can ______ I have to work.

choose. We can go to the cinema c) Paul ______ go to the theater.
______
often cooks for his friends d) We want to go he is a very good cook.
on vacation e) You can pay the bill in_______
cash we do not have any money.

______ You pay with a check.

f) I'm going to a restaurant, _______ I am hungry and thirsty.
g) Maria is visiting Claudia, ______ she can't stay long.
h) I'm cleaning up my room, _______ Robert cleans the kitchen.
i) I don't buy pears, j) Paul ________ i buy apples
is helping me with the project k) _____ his brother.
Boris has to work a lot, _____ he earns little money.

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8.3. prepositions with accusative

preposition meaning examples
time see you tomorrow, see you next week
until
location to Munich
location through the city
through
reason by an accident
target for the aunt
for
time for two weeks
location against the tree
versus
opinion against the plan
without fashion, without screen, without reason
location around the table
around
time by 18 clock

Sometimes these prepositions are attached to the article:

through > through that for > for that about > about that

Exercise 1

You can complete the endings.

a) Paul works without a ___ break. i) He does not want to fly to Spain without m____.

b) The dog runs around the ____ tree. j) The reporters stand around the Minister.

c) He runs into d___ chair. k) She writes the dictation without a___ error.

d) She never goes for a walk without an ___ umbrella. l) Aren't we going through d___ Bahnhofsstrasse?

e) The present is for d___ grandfather. m) We play against the team from Cologne.

f) Peter walks through the ___ pedestrian zone. n) He leaves without a___ explanation.

g) Robert is going to Italy for a week. o) Peter has to study for the ____ exam.

h) Where is the key for d____ basement p) For w___ is the cake here?

exercise 2

Complete a preposition with the accusative.

a) The guests are seated ______ the table and drink wine.

b) The mechanic has to fix the car ______ next Friday.

c) She sees ______ the microscope.

d) It's cold. Do not go _______ jacket out!

e) He wants roses ______ buy the girlfriend.

f) Don't go at night _______ the park! This is too dangerous.

g) That's a bad idea. I am _______ the idea.

h) She always comes ______ 6 p.m. home.

i) I can do the work _____ don't help.

j) The train only runs _____ Frankfurt. There you have to change trains.

k) He sees _______ the window on the street.

l) You can't ______ a gift to go to the party!

m) _____ who is the gift?

n) The man laughs ______ Reason.

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