Nothing Special   »   [go: up one dir, main page]
Scribd Logo
Upload

Welcome to Scribd!

  • 100 views

    Naming and Writing Chemical Formulas: Prentice Hall - Physical Science Chapter 6 Sec 3

    Uploaded by

    Pawan Patil
    This document discusses naming and writing formulas for ionic and molecular compounds. It provides the following key information: 1) Ionic compound names indicate the cation and anion, while molecular compound names list the elements in order of metallic character. 2) Ionic formulas use subscripts to show the ratio of ions that balance charges. Molecular formulas write element symbols in the order of the name. 3) Transition metals can form multiple ions, distinguished by charge in names like copper(I) and copper(II). Polyatomic ions are named groups with charges.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Naming and Writing Chemical Formulas: Prentice Hall - Physical Science Chapter 6 Sec 3

    Uploaded by

    Pawan Patil
    100 views17 pages
    This document discusses naming and writing formulas for ionic and molecular compounds. It provides the following key information: 1) Ionic compound names indicate the cation and anion, while molecular compound names list the elements in order of metallic character. 2) Ionic formulas use subscripts to show the ratio of ions that balance charges. Molecular formulas write element symbols in the order of the name. 3) Transition metals can form multiple ions, distinguished by charge in names like copper(I) and copper(II). Polyatomic ions are named groups with charges.

    Original Description:

    Original Title

    Naming_and_Writing

    Copyright

    © © All Rights Reserved

    Available Formats

    PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Did you find this document useful?

    Is this content inappropriate?

    This document discusses naming and writing formulas for ionic and molecular compounds. It provides the following key information: 1) Ionic compound names indicate the cation and anion, while molecular compound names list the elements in order of metallic character. 2) Ionic formulas use subscripts to show the ratio of ions that balance charges. Molecular formulas write element symbols in the order of the name. 3) Transition metals can form multiple ions, distinguished by charge in names like copper(I) and copper(II). Polyatomic ions are named groups with charges.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    100 views17 pages

    Naming and Writing Chemical Formulas: Prentice Hall - Physical Science Chapter 6 Sec 3

    Uploaded by

    Pawan Patil
    This document discusses naming and writing formulas for ionic and molecular compounds. It provides the following key information: 1) Ionic compound names indicate the cation and anion, while molecular compound names list the elements in order of metallic character. 2) Ionic formulas use subscripts to show the ratio of ions that balance charges. Molecular formulas write element symbols in the order of the name. 3) Transition metals can form multiple ions, distinguished by charge in names like copper(I) and copper(II). Polyatomic ions are named groups with charges.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 17

    Naming and Writing

    Chemical Formulas
    Prentice Hall – Physical Science Chapter 6 Sec 3
    Key Questions
     What information do the name and formula of an ionic
    compound provide?
     What information do the name and formula of a
    molecular compound provide?
    Why name compounds?
     Remember DHMO?

     Two or more names


    for a compound can
    be confusing.
    Chemists use a single
    system for naming
    compounds.
    Binary Ionic Compounds

    Consists of two
    elements
    How to name: the
    name of the cation
    followed by the name
    of the anion with the
    suffix –ide.
    Transition Metals
    Metals With Multiple Ions
    Many transition metals form more than one type of ion.
    Describing Ionic Compounds
    The table shows a copper(I) ion with a 1+ charge and a copper(II) ion
    with a 2+ charge. These ion names can distinguish red copper(I) oxide
    from black copper(II) oxide.
    • The formula for “copper one oxide” is Cu2O because it takes two Cu1+ ions to
    balance the charge on an O2– ion.
    • The formula for “copper two oxide” is CuO because it takes only one Cu2+ ion
    to balance the charge on an O2– ion.
    Polyatomic ions
    A covalently bonded group of atoms that has a positive or
    negative charge and acts as a
    unit
     Most are anions.
    Writing formulas
     Use the name of an ionic compound to write its formula.
    The symbol of the cation is first, followed by the symbol
    of the anion.
     Use subscripts to show the ratio of the ions in the
    compound.
     Parentheses are used with the subscript for polyatomic
    ions. The formula for iron(III) hydroxide is Fe(OH)3.
    Writing Formulas
    Let’s try Na and S
    Because all compounds are neutral, the total charges on
    the cations and anions must add up to zero. Suppose an
    atom that gains two electrons, such as sulfur, reacts with
    an atom that loses one electron, such as sodium.
    • There must be two sodium ions (Na+) for each sulfide ion
    (S2–).
    • The formula for sodium sulfide is Na2S. The 2– charge on
    one sulfide ion is balanced by the 1+ charges on two sodium
    ions.
    Describing Molecular Compounds
    Naming Molecular Compounds
     The general rule is that the most metallic element appears first
    in the name. These elements are farther to the left in the
    periodic table.
     If both elements are in the same group, the more metallic
    element is closer to the bottom of the group.
     The name of the second element is changed to end in the suffix
    -ide, as in carbon dioxide.
    Describing Molecular Compounds
    There may be more than one
    molecular compound that can exist
    with the same two elements.
    The Greek prefixes in the table are
    used to name molecular
    compounds. The prefix octa-means
    “eight,” as in the eight tentacles of
    an octopus.
    Describing Molecular Compounds
    Two compounds that contain nitrogen and oxygen have
    the formulas N2O4 and NO2.
    • The name of the compound with the formula N2O4 is
    dinitrogen tetraoxide.
    • The name for the compound with the formula NO2 is
    mononitrogen dioxide. The prefix mono- often is not used
    for the first element in the name, so a more common name
    is nitrogen dioxide.
    Describing Molecular Compounds
    Writing Molecular Formulas
    To write the formula for a molecular compound, write the
    symbols for the elements in the order the elements appear in the
    name.
    • The prefixes indicate the number of atoms of each element in the
    molecule.
    • The prefixes appear as subscripts in the formulas.
    • If there is no prefix for an element in the name, there is only one atom
    of that element in the molecule.
    Assessment Questions

    1. Which of these formulas describes a binary ionic compound?


    a. O2
    b. MgCl2
    c. NO2
    d. Fe(OH)3
    Assessment Questions

    1. Which of these formulas describes a binary ionic compound?


    a. O2
    b. MgCl2
    c. NO2
    d. Fe(OH)3

    ANS: B
    Assessment Questions

    2. What is the correct name for CCl4?


    a. carbon(IV) chloride
    b. carbon tetrachlorine
    c. carbon tetrachloride
    d. monocarbon tetrachloride
    Assessment Questions

    2. What is the correct name for CCl4?


    a. carbon(IV) chloride
    b. carbon tetrachlorine
    c. carbon tetrachloride
    d. monocarbon tetrachloride
    ANS: C

    You might also like