Pragmatic Review

PRAGMATIC REVIEW
I. Underline deictic expressions in these sentences., deixis (/ˈdaɪksɪs/, /ˈdeɪksɪs/) is the

use of general words and phrases to refer to a specific time, place, or person in context, e.g.,
the words tomorrow, there, and they.
Person deixis: me, you, him, her, us, them, that woman, those
idiots
Spatial deixis: here, there, beside you, near that, above your head
Temporal deixis: now, then, last week, later, tomorrow, yesterday
Nhung tu khong ro no chi cho nao thif la deixis
1. In this family, we rarely smoke or drink.

2. Did you get the carton of milk I asked you to?
3. I’m over here.
4. Would you like this one or that one?
5. I walked to school every day.
6. Tomorrow is a holiday.
7. We clean up after ourselves around here.
8. April 29th, 1999? I was in Hanoi then.
9. At ten, I could ride a bicycle.k bik cai xe dap nao
10.He promised to call me that night.
II. Identify presupposition in each of the following sentences
Ví dụ về tiền giả định bao gồm: Jane không còn viết tiểu thuyết nữa. Giả định: Jane đã từng
viết tiểu thuyết.
1. ‘I am sorry I cannot find your book right now.’ you had a book
2. ‘On the occasion of my friend's birthday, I intend to buy her a new vase.’ my
friend birthday is coming
3. ‘The exam is not so difficult.’ I answer all question in the exam
4. ‘She is not happy about the chemistry course she's taking.’ the chemistry is
taking a chemistry
5. ‘We haven't heard anything from Barbara.’
6. ‘They were rich.’ cau kho lm theo kieu The speaker assumes the listener
already knows who they were.
7. ‘Can you stop playing with your cat?’ you have a cat
III. Circle the antecedents and underline the anaphoric expressions
1. Laura bought a new house last week and yesterday she invited us to
her house. My friend, Bean,cataphra he said that the living room was
very large. In fact, I don’t like this house.
2. John found a car to buy, but the back wheel was not in good condition.
3. Only a few of children ate their ice – cream. They ate the strawberry
flavor first.
4. Only a few of children ate their ice – cream. They threw it around the
room instead.
IV. What do the underlined words substitute for?

1. He writes a fine hand. A good hand writing
2. The House was called to order
3. I have four mouths to feed at home. 4 people
4. The White House isn't saying anything. American government
5. He bought a Ford. A car
6. Wall Street is in a panic. Pp in wall street
7. Watergate changed our politic .political scandal
8. Exxon has raised its prices again. company
9. The new proposal might affect the cloth in some way. The clothes
giaos six nguoi tu hanh
10.She has an ear for music.
V. Provide paraphrases showing that you comprehend all the meanings of

these sentences.dien giai lai
1. The school had many poor students on scholarships.
2. Bundy Beats Date With Chair.kho
3. He did not marry her because he loved her.
4. The drunkard visitor rolled up the carpet.kho
VI. Are the following utterances performative(ng noi dung ngng thuc hien
hanh dong) V hien tai, chu ngu I,we; chua v chi hanh dong(P) or constative (k
co) (C)?
1. ‘I NAME this ship Hibernia.’p
2. ‘I BELIEVE in the dictatorship of the Proletariat.’
3. ‘I ADMIT I was hasty.’p
4. ‘I THINK I was wrong.’c
5. ‘I hereby INFORM you that you are sacked.’p
6. ‘I GIVE you supper every night.’c
7. ‘I WARN you not to come any closer.’p
8. ‘I TRY to get this box open with a screwdriver.’c
9. ‘I PRONOUNCE you man and wife.’p
10. ‘I SENTENCE you to be hanged by the neck.’p
VII. Identify which would be direct and which would be indirect speech acts.bang
speech act de doi chieu
1. On the corner of an envelope: “Post Office will not deliver mail without
proper postage.”co nghia phai dan du 2 tem thi moi dc chuyen =>indirect vi
no khong nam dung hang trong bang nen nos la indirect
2. One roommate to another: “I’d be eternally gratefully if you’d pay your half
of the rent.”in
3. On a can of spray paint: “Do not store this can near heat sources.”dir
4. Parent to child: “You’re so attractive when you talk with your mouth full.”in
5. Student to teacher: “Could I look at your book for a second?”in
VIII. Classify the following as a directive yeu cau ng khac, commissive,

representative, declarative thay doi the gioi or expressive.
1. Friend to friend: “I swear I won’t see Martha again.”commisive
2. Boy to mother: “Thanks for the present, Mom.”expressive
3. Teacher to student: “Why don’t you work on that later?”directive,
4. Buyer to seller: “I agree to your terms.”expressive
5. Stranger to stranger: “Do you know what time it is?”directive
6. Message on envelope: “Post Office will not deliver mail without
proper postage.”directive
7. Parent to child: “I’ll help you with your homework.”commissive
8. Leader to members: “ I name this group Crime Addiction
Anonymous.”declarative
IX. What kind of inference is involved in interpreting each of these

utterances?
1. Teacher to students: Remember to bring Shakespeare to class.book of
the auther named Shakespaere
2. Friend to friend: Can you give me a hand? help
3. Mom to child: Do you like Bitis?Bitis shoe
4. Speaker: The Pentagon did not agree with that treaty. American
government
Catapho nhac nguoc dai tu trc
pragmatics is the study of “invisible” meaning, or how we recognize what
is meant even when it isn’t actually said or written.
Context
There is obviously the physical context, which can be the location

“out there” where we encounter words and phrases (e.g. the word
BANK on a wall of a building is understood as a financial institution).
There is also the linguistic context, also known as co-text. The co-
text of a word is the set of other words used in the same phrase or
sentence. If the word bank is used with other words like steep or
overgrown, we have no problem deciding which type of bank is meant
Deictic
expressions in these sentences., deixis (/ˈdaɪksɪs/, /ˈdeɪksɪs/) is the use of
general words and phrases to refer to a specific time, place, or person in context , e.g., the
words tomorrow, there, and they.
Person deixis: me, you, him, her, us, them, that woman, those
idiots
Spatial deixis: here, there, beside you, near that, above your head
Temporal deixis: now, then, last week, later, tomorrow, yesterday
Reference
To perform an act of reference, we can use proper nouns (Chomsky, Jennifer,

Whiskas), other nouns in phrases (a writer, my friend, the cat) or pronouns (he,
she, it).
We can also refer to things when we’re not sure what to call them.
For instance, there was a man who always drove his motorcycle
fast and loud through my neighborhood and was locally referred to as
Mr. Kawasaki. In this case, a brand name for a motorcycle is being
used to refer to a person.
Anaphora
a boy, a puppy and a small bath are antecedents and The puppy, the boy, he,
it and the bath are anaphoric expressions.
Presupposition
Ví dụ về tiền giả định bao gồm: Jane không còn viết tiểu thuyết nữa. Giả định: Jane đã từng
viết tiểu thuyết.
Speech act
a. Lớp cam kết (commissive): một hành động lời nói mà người nói cam kết làm một
điều gì đó ở tương lai như một lời hứa hay đe dọa. (a speech act that commits the
speaker to doing something in the future, such as a promise or a threat.) Ví dụ:
If you don’t stop fighting I’ll call the police. (threat)
Nếu anh không dừng việc đánh bậy, thì tôi sẽ gọi cảnh sát đó. (đe dọa)
I’ll take you to the movies tomorrow. (promise)
Tôi sẽ đưa anh đi xem cine ngày mai. (hứa hẹn)
b. Lớp tuyên bố (declarative): một hành động lời nói mà thay đổi sự việc/trạng thái.
(a speech act that changes the state of affairs in the world.) Ví dụ, trong lễ cưới, hành
động hôn lễ được thực hiện khi câu ‘Ta cho phép hai con nên duyên vợ chồng’ được thốt
ra. (For example, during the wedding ceremony the act of marriage is performed when the
phrase ‘I now pronounce you man and wife’ is uttered.)
c. Lớp chi phối (directive): một hành động có chức năng bắt người nghe làm một điều gì
đó như gợi ý, thỉnh cầu, hoặc ra lệnh. (a speech act that has the function of getting the
listener to do something, such as a suggestion, a request, or a command.) Ví dụ:
Please sit down.
Mời ông/anh ngồi.
Why don’t you close the door?
Tại sao anh không đóng cửa lại?
d. Lớp biểu cảm (Expressive): một hành động mà người nói biểu thị tình cảm và thái độ
về một điều gì như xin lỗi, than phiền, cảm ơn, chúc mừng. (a speech act in which the
speaker expresses feelings and attitudes about something, such as an apology, a
complaint, to thank someone, to congratulate someone.) Ví dụ:
The meal was delicious.
Bữa ăn thật ngon.
e. Lớp biểu hiện (Representative): một hành động lời nói mà mô tả trạng thái hoặc
biến cố như khẳng định, quả quyết, thông báo. (a speech act which describes states or
events in the world, such as an assertion, a claim, a report.) Ví dụ về một sự khẳng định:
This is a German car.

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PRAGMATIC REVIEW

I. Underline deictic expressions in these sentences., deixis (/ˈdaɪksɪs/, /ˈdeɪksɪs/) is the

1. In this family, we rarely smoke or drink.

3. ‘The exam is not so difficult.’ I answer all question in the exam

IV. What do the underlined words substitute for?

V. Provide paraphrases showing that you comprehend all the meanings of

VIII. Classify the following as a directive yeu cau ng khac, commissive,

IX. What kind of inference is involved in interpreting each of these

There is obviously the physical context, which can be the location

To perform an act of reference, we can use proper nouns (Chomsky, Jennifer,

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