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    Ryotwari System

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    The Ryotwari system of land revenue was first introduced in 1792 in the Baramahal region of Madras Presidency by Captain Alexander Read. Under this system, farmers paid land revenue directly to the state, without any intermediaries. The state recognized peasants as proprietors of the land since there were no landlords in South India. However, the rigid revenue collection system forced farmers into debt and left them vulnerable to arbitrary revenue increases by the collecting officers.

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    Ryotwari System

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    varsha
    1K views2 pages
    The Ryotwari system of land revenue was first introduced in 1792 in the Baramahal region of Madras Presidency by Captain Alexander Read. Under this system, farmers paid land revenue directly to the state, without any intermediaries. The state recognized peasants as proprietors of the land since there were no landlords in South India. However, the rigid revenue collection system forced farmers into debt and left them vulnerable to arbitrary revenue increases by the collecting officers.

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    The Ryotwari system of land revenue was first introduced in 1792 in the Baramahal region of Madras Presidency by Captain Alexander Read. Under this system, farmers paid land revenue directly to the state, without any intermediaries. The state recognized peasants as proprietors of the land since there were no landlords in South India. However, the rigid revenue collection system forced farmers into debt and left them vulnerable to arbitrary revenue increases by the collecting officers.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    1K views2 pages

    Ryotwari System

    Uploaded by

    varsha
    The Ryotwari system of land revenue was first introduced in 1792 in the Baramahal region of Madras Presidency by Captain Alexander Read. Under this system, farmers paid land revenue directly to the state, without any intermediaries. The state recognized peasants as proprietors of the land since there were no landlords in South India. However, the rigid revenue collection system forced farmers into debt and left them vulnerable to arbitrary revenue increases by the collecting officers.

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    RYOTWARI SYSTEM

    Ryotwari or Kulwar system of land revenue was first introduced by Captain Read
    in 1792 in the Baramahal region of Madras Presidency.

    ALEXANDER READ (1792)

    1. In permanent settlement areas, land Revenue was fixed.


    2. Maximum revenue was payable on each field and the revenue payable
    in kind was commuted into money payment.
    3. The Ryot was not regarded as the proprietor of the soil but only a
    cultivating tenant.
    4. This system was open to several objections.

    THOMAS MUNRO (1820)

    5. Sir Thomas Munro, Governor of Madras was asked to take charge of


    the revenue administration of the ceded districts.
    6. This was practiced in the Madras and Bombay areas, as well as Assam
    and Coorg provinces.
    7. The intention of the founders of the Ryotwari system was to make the
    assessment on land permanent. Dry Land-50% Wet Land: 60%
    8. Zamindars were oppressive, leading to frequent agrarian revolts in the
    permanent settlement areas.
    9. However, there was a change of view because of loss of prospective
    income to the State
    10. Since there were no Zamindars in South India, the company
    recognized the peasants as proprietor.
    11. At present, the Government has the right to make a fresh settlement
    of the revenue after a period of say 30 or 40 years.
    12. Soil itself is taxed and not depends upon the classes of person.

    RYOTWARI SYSTEM-FEATURES:
    1. Under this system, the land revenue was paid directly by the farmers to the
    State. There exist no intermediaries between them.
    2. Ryotwari system gave proprietary rights upon the landlords.
    3. If the peasants fails to pay the taxes, they will be evicted
    4. Government had retained the right to enhance land revenue whenever it
    wanted

    IMPACT OF RYOTWARI SYSTEM:

    1. Even though the position of cultivator became more secure, the rigid
    system of revenue collection forced the ryots into the hands of money
    lenders.
    2. Since the Government itself became a big Zamindar, it had right to
    enhance revenue at will.The cultivator was left at the mercy of the
    collecting officers.

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