ENGLISH AT

UNIVERSITYAND
BEYOND

Turning mirrors into windows

Proyecto original: Dr. Efraín Davis

Equipo:
Mgter. Nancy Luján Fernández
Mgter. Iris Morena
Lic. M. Ofelia Rosas
Mgter. Ana Claudia Saraceni
 INTRODUCTION
UNIVERSITIES IN THE WORLD

Topics Functions Structures

- University logos - Talking about present - Tense: Present
and mottos situations. Continuous

- What is a
university?

1
Section 1

UNIVERSITY LOGOS AND UNIVERSITY MOTTOS

a) Look at the logos. Where are these universities from?
There are two extra options.
Germany – China – Russia – Chile – Australia –
Malaysia – Ukraine – Argentina

MONASH UNIVERSITY

2. ………………………………………
1. ………………………………………

3. ………………………………………
4. ………………………………………
National University of Kyiv-Mohyla
Academy

5. ……………………………………… 6. ………………………………………

2
 b) Read the university mottos in their original languages
and try to match them with their meaning in English.

1. Ancora imparo. (Michelangelo). a. We are constantly strengthening

and cultivating ourselves.

2. Zukunftdenken. b. I am still learning.

3. Mengilham Harapan, mencipta c. We are thinking the future.

masa depan.

4. 自强不息厚德載物 d. Time is running, Academy is

eternal.

5. Tempus fugit, Academia e. Carry my name to the people.

sempiterna.

6. Ut Portet Nomen Meum Coram f. We are inspiring futures and

Gentibus nurturing possibilities.

c) Now match the mottos again with what they may

represent.

knowledge – development – progress –

honour – lifelong education – community work

1. We are constantly strengthening and cultivating ourselves.

.................
2. I am still learning. .................
3. We are thinking the future. .................
4. Time is running, Academy is eternal. .................
5. Carry my name to the people. .................
6. We are inspiring futures and nurturing possibilities.
.................

3
 d) Complete the definitions with the verbs in the box.

strengthen – cultivate – learn – think – inspire – nurture

1. ………………….....: to have a particular idea or opinion about

something/somebody; to believe something.
2. ………………….....: to help somebody to develop and be successful.
3. ………………….....: to gain knowledge or skill by studying, from
experience, from being taught, etc.
4. ………………….......: to give somebody the desire, confidence or
enthusiasm to do something well.
5. ..............…....: to become stronger; to make
somebody/something stronger.
6. ……………….........: to develop or improve by education or training.

e) Order the mottos according to your beliefs. 1 is the most

important and 6 is the least important.

1. …………………………………………………………………………………….............
2. …………………………………………………………………………………….............
3. …………………………………………………………………………………….............
4. …………………………………………………………………………………….............
5. …………………………………………………………………………………….............
6. …………………………………………………………………………………….............

GRAMMAR STOP
Present Continuous

 The Present Continuous tense is used to talk about actions which are
temporary or incomplete. Examples:

- At this moment, Monash University is offering free activities for the whole
community: photography and drawing.

- Now, they are learning the present continuous tense.

Statements: Subject + am/is/are (not) + verb + ING

Questions: (Wh- word) + am/is/are + Subject + verb + ING?

Typical temporal expressions: now, at present, currently, at this

moment.

4
Wh- questions

 Wh- questions are information questions, introduced by the following

interrogative words: what, where, when, why, how, who, whose,
which, how much, how many, how long, how often, how far.
Examples:

- What is a motto?
- Where is Monash University?
- Why are you studying Maths?
- What are you thinking about?

Now you are a UNLaM student.

What is our motto?

………………………………………………
…………………………………………

What programme are you studying?

………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………..

VOCABULARY BUILDING
University programmes
Accounting Kinesiology Physical Education
Architecture Labour Relations Political Science
Economy Law Protocol &Ceremonial
Engineering* Medicine Public Relations
International Trade Nursing Social Communication
Social Work Nutrition Business Administration
*Civil, Computing, Electronic, Industrial, Mechanical

College student status

undergraduate sophomore advanced
graduate junior senior
fresher

5
Student organizations
Student Union Student Welfare Alumni Association
Student Department Peer Education

f) Answer the following questions. You can use any of the

lexical items from the Vocabulary Building section.

1. Are you attending university for the first time?

………………………………………………………………………………………………………
2. Are you a fresher or a sophomore?
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
3. What programme is your mate studying?
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
4. How many subjects are you attending this term?
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
5. Are you attending computing lessons this term?
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
6. Are you attending your last subjects of your programme?
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
7. Are you collaborating with the Students’ Union?
………………………………………………………………………………………………………

BEFORE READING
True or false statements?

1. A university is a unit of education and research. ……………

2. At university, you can only study the hard sciences. …………
3. At university, you can get postgraduate degrees such as B.A.
…………
4. State-run universities are free. …………
5. Jobless students get scholarships at university. ………………

6
READING

What is a university?

A university is an institution of Higher Education and research

where you can get academic degrees in a variety of disciplines and
provides both undergraduate and postgraduate programmes.
The most common undergraduate degree is the Bachelor’s Degree
(B.A.). Other degrees are: engineer, lawyer, medical doctor or
physician, accountant, etc. Students may also get a technical degree
in some areas.
Among postgraduate degrees we can find an M.A. (a Master’s
Degree), and a PhD (a doctoral degree).
University education may be public (also called national or state-
run) or private. In Argentina, public universities are absolutely free
(no fee is paid during the studies). The access to books in the
universities' libraries is also free. Scholarships are offered to those
students with a low income.
Private universities are not funded by the government but they
may get tax breaks and grants.

AFTER READING
Now check your previous responses. How many were right?

.................................................................................................
.................................................................................................

7
CULTURE CORNER: Acronyms
How are they spelled?
MA UNLaM
BA
PhD

Can you write other acronyms?

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……...………………………………………………………………………………………………………
Can you spell your name?
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
Is it useful to know the ABC in English? Why? Why not?
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

CHECK YOUR PROGRESS – (with key)

a) Choose the correct definition.

1. Research is
a. a careful study of a given subject, field, or problem,
undertaken to discover facts or principles.
b. an academic paper published in a journal.
c. a written report of study for publication.

2. A degree is
a. a unit for measuring angles.
b. a university course for graduate students.
c. an academic title given by a college or university to a
student who has completed a course of study.

3. An undergraduate is
a. a student who is enrolled or attends classes at a school,
college, or university.
b. a student who has received an academic degree or
diploma.
c. a college or university student who has not yet received a
bachelor's or similar degree.

8
 4. A postgraduate degree is
a. a title obtained by someone after studying an MA or PhD
programme.
b. a word in front of a person’s name.
c. a title obtained by someone after studying in a state-run
university.

5. A scholarship is
a. an amount of money given to someone by an
organisation to pay for their education.
b. the serious study of an academic subject and the
methods involved.
c. the position of being the winner of a competition.

b) Match the two columns.

1. How many a. delivering a class now?

2. At the moment, b. are you studying with?
3. Is the professor c. is the tutor revising your exam?
4. Are your mates d. subjects are you attending this term?
5. Who e. you doing right now?
6. What are f. working on the assignment?
7. Why g. we are focusing on present actions.

c) Complete this conversation with the verb in brackets

in the present continuous.

A: Right now, Jane and I ……………………………… (study) for two midterm

exams.
B: How many subjects ……………………………………….. (you attend) this
term?
A: Just two. I …………………………………………….. (work).
B: Sure! I ………………………………………………….. (study) for the English
midterm.
A: Aha, I ....................................... (not attend) English. Ok, what
sections ……………………… (you work on)?

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B: I ……………………………………… (study) Modules 1 and 2.
A: Good luck!
B: Thank you! Likewise!

d) Make a list of the new vocabulary from the

Introduction.

English Spanish English Spanish

attend cursar

10
 MODULE 1
HIGHER EDUCATION

Topics Functions Structures

- The history of - Expressing existence - Tense: Present Simple.
UNLaM
- Describing facilities in - There is/are
- University: universities
authorities, - Have/has
academic staff and - Describing places
facilities - Wh-question words.
- Comparing places
- Foreign and - Linking words: and, but,
national - Giving opinions because.
universities
- Comparative and
Fiction superlative forms

Learn with BOOK by

R. J. Heathorn
 UNLaM – DPU
Inglés Nivel I

Section 1

BEFORE READING
How much do you know about UNLaM? Choose the correct
options.

1. UNLaM was founded in

a) 1987. b) 1989. c) 1997.
2. Its slogan is
a) “A path to success.” b) “A path to the future” c) “A path to
excellence.”
3. There are
a) 3 departments. b) 4 departments. c) 6 departments.
4. It offers
a) more than 20 programmes. b) 20 programmes. c) about 20
programmes.
5. It has an area of
a) 80 acres. b) 100 acres. c) 40 acres.
6. On campus, there are
a) distance learning facilities. b) computing labs available for
students’ use. c) 3 ATMs.
7. There are
a) 10 computing labs. b) 18 computing labs. c) 28 computing
labs.
8. It has
a) about 100,000 students. b) about 10,000 students. c) about
50,000 students.

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READING
Read the text below and check your previous answers.

The history of UNLaM

The Universidad Nacional de La Matanza (UNLaM) is located in
one of the most important areas in Buenos Aires Province, from a
demographic, economic and political perspective. It is situated in la
Matanza district, in the central-western part of Great Buenos Aires. It
was founded on September 23rd, 1989 in San Justo, head city in La
Matanza. It is the second biggest university in the province, only behind
Universidad Nacional de La Plata (UNLP). There are about 50,000
students at present. Since its creation, it is one of the most prestigious
universities in Buenos Aires.
UNLaM offers over 20 undergraduate degrees distributed in 6
departments. In the venues in San Justo and downtown, graduates can
attend MAs and PhDs in various disciplines.
The basic criterion is to teach how to think as a way of helping
the incessant scientific and technological process. Its motto is “A path
to excellence.”
The academic division is through departments, where the
different related subjects and research areas are grouped. Each
Department provides the teaching staff for the different programmes.
The University covers an area of 40 hectares in the city of San
Justo. The campus has optimum pedagogical, lighting and
environmental characteristics; areas devoted to video projections,
videoconferences, talks, debates, conferences, seminars; 18 fully-
equipped, modern computer laboratories, a language video laboratory
and 6 Mimio classrooms with technical support, 3 electronics
laboratories,1 physics laboratory and many more facilities.
As we want to give our students what they need, we are
constantly building new facilities and improving the campus in general.

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AFTER READING
Answer the following questions.

1. Is there any fact about UNLaM that, in your opinion, is interesting?

Underline it in the text.

2. Is there any other information not mentioned in the text?

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………

3. Where is UNLaM located?

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………

4. What area does it cover?

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………

5. How is it organised?

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………

6. Is it a small university? Why/Why not?

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………

7. How many undergraduate degrees does it offer?

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………

8. How many computing labs does it have?

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………

9. How many physics labs are there?

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………

10. How many Mimio classrooms are there?

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………

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GRAMMAR STOP
Present Simple

 To describe facilities we use verb in the simple present tense such as

has/have, there is/are, occupy/occupies, cover/covers.

Example:

UNLaM occupies a large lot of land which covers 98.84 acres in San Justo,
Buenos Aires Province. There are 18 latest generation computing labs in the
university. They have the newest computers available for students’ use.
There is also a language lab and an interactive video lab with technical
support.

Expressing existence

Questions: (How many…) + is/are there …?

Statements: There is (not) + singular noun.
There are (not) + plural noun.

Expressing possession

- The university has a very complete library.

- American universities have student accommodation.
- UNLaM doesn’t have student accommodation.
- Some American universities don’t have student accommodation.
- Does the university have a complete library?
- Do American universities have complete libraries?

Talking about permanent action and characteristics

 To talk about habits and to describe places, we use the Simple Present
tense.

Affirmative statements:

I / We / You / They study at a National university.

He / She studies

The university (It) covers an area of 90 acres.

Negative statements:

I / We / You / They don’t study at a National university.

He / She doesn’t study
The university (It) doesn’t cover an area of 90 acres.

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Questions:
(Wh- word) + Does/Do + Subject + infinitive verb?

Do you/we/they study at a private university?

Does he / she go to the library?
Does it cover a big area?

Where do you/we/they study?

What area does UNLaM cover?

Answers:

Yes / No, (subject pronoun) (auxiliary).

No, we don’t.
No, she doesn’t.
Yes, it does. It covers an area of 98.84 acres.

CHECK YOUR PROGRESS – (with key)

a) UNLaM’s departments. Read the chart below. Can you
complete the missing degrees in each Department?

Departments Degrees

Engineering and
Technological Research

Humanities and Social

Sciences

Economic Sciences

Law and Political Science Lawyer

Health Sciences

Lifelong Learning

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VOCABULARY BUILDING

University professions
Accountant Kinesiologist Physical Education Teacher
Architect Labour Relations Manager Manager
Economy Consultant Lawyer Public Relations Manager
Engineer* Attorney Journalist
Social Worker Nurse Media Expert
Nutritionist Political Analyst Protocol and Ceremonial
International Business Physician Expert
Consultant
*Civil, Computing, Electronic, Industrial, Mechanical

BA in:
Education Management Auctioneer, Broker and Appraiser
Language and Literature Radio Announcer
Applied Mathematics Marketing
Physical Education English Language
Nursing Technology Management
History

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b) Work out a connection between the first two words and

then find a similar connection to finish the sentence.

1. Junior is to senior as fresher is to:

a) sophomore b) advanced c) graduate

2. Lawyer is to Law as Physician is to:

a) public relations b) physical education c) medicine

3. Undergraduate is to lawyer as graduate is to

a) B.A. b) PhD c) ATM

4. M.A. is to postgraduate courses as B.A. is to:

a) a doctoral degree b) a college degree c) a career

5. Books are to libraries as ATMs are to:

a) banks b) infirmaries c) universities

c) Use there is, there isn’t, is there, there are, there aren’t,
are there, do, does, don’t, doesn’t.

1. “How many students ……………………………… in the class?”

“Twenty.”

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 UNLaM – DPU
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2. “……………………………. a bus from the city centre to the

university?”“Yes. Every twenty minutes.”
3. We ………………………. use intranet in our classes.
4. “……………………………. the university have different
laboratories?” “Yes, over 20!”
5. UNLaM …………………………….. have student accommodation.
6. Oxford is an old university. ……………………………… many
beautiful, old buildings.
7. “I need to go to the university” “……………………………. a train
at 10.30. You’ll get there at 10.50.”
8. “I need to use the Internet.” “Sorry, but ………………………….
a computer lab here.”
9. “…………………………………. any cinemas in the university
campus.” “OK. We’ll have to go to the town, then.”
10. “…………………. you offer social programmes?” “Yes! For
instance, Public Relations.”

d) Put the words in the correct order to ask the questions.

Then, answer them.

1. UNLaM – is – where – situated?

……………………………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………………………….
2. it – departments – how many – have – does?
……………………………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………………………….
3. in – the – the – university – the – biggest – province – is?
……………………………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………………………….
4. university – a – the – motto – have – does?
……………………………………………………………………………………………………….

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……………………………………………………………………………………………………….
5. area – it – occupy – does – what?
……………………………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………………………….
1. labs – are – how many – there?
……………………………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………………………….
2. a – physics – there – lab – is?
……………………………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………………………….
3. Buenos Aires – venues – university – have – does – the – in?
……………………………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………………………….

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 UNLaM – DPU
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CULTURE CORNER: University’s authorities and academic staff

Rector

Vice Rector

Academic Secretary

Department Dean Department Dean Department Dean

Department Vice Dean Department Vice Dean Department Vice Dean

Faculty: Professors, Faculty: Professors,

Instructors, Lecturers, Faculty: Professors, Lecturers, Tutors,
Researchers, Tutors Instructors, Lecturers, Instructors,
Tutors, Researchers Researchers

Does this chart reflect the organization at UNLaM? Why? Why not?
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
Do you know the authorities’ names?
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
At secondary schools, classes are in charge of teachers. What about
the university? Who is/are in charge?
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

10
 UNLaM – DPU
Inglés Nivel I

Section 2

READING
University Facilities

Library
Academic activities Labs
Photocopying centre

Gymnasium
Sport activities Athletics tracks
Heated swimming pool

Canteen

UNLaM'sMain Idea
Community Radio
facilities ATMs

Auditoriums
Academic events
Courtyard of the Americas

Stadium
Recreation
Theatre

Stadium
Social & political gatherings
External campus

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 UNLaM – DPU
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a) In this word search, find eleven words:

Then, write the correct word next to its definition.

b) Then, complete the chart below with the letters left.

L S P O R T S T A C

A W E A L L M H C O

B L E N I J U E A M

S O A Y B S I A D M

O T T U R D D T E U

I Y M I A N A R M N

D G S A R T T E I I

A U N L Y A S M C T

R G N I N R A E L Y

G Y M N A S I U M 

1. Leopoldo Marechal ……………………………….. is one of the most

comprehensive libraries in the country. It has a silent reading
room for 120 people, a speaking reading room for 500 users, a
reference room, a virtual room with 15 PCs for on-line and
multimedia searching, an audible library for visually handicapped
people and a video library. UNLaM’s staff and students, and also
all the ………………………………..of La Matanza have access to it.

2. The ……………………………….. offers local, national and international

news coverage and broadcasts sports, political and social
programmes. All the programming is entirely done by graduate
students and experts. Remember: FM 89.1.

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3. The ……………………………….. field has an athletics track, a

football field, a rugby field, a 5-a-side football field, a basketball
court, a hockey court, a beach volleyball court and a heated
swimming-pool together with a modern roofed
………………………………...

4. There are ………………………………..for all the departments. The

distance ………………………………..lab is the newest.

5. Apart from all the facilities for ……………………………….. purposes,

there are some for social purposes such as the beautiful
……………………………….., which is near the main entrance.

6. Supervielle Bank offers services to all the community, such as

four …………………………..

7. There is a big ……………………………… used for social and political

gatherings.

-- --- ----- -------- -- - - - - -!

AFTER READING
a) Answer the following questions

1. Are all the university facilities included in the mind map?

……………………………………………………………………………………………………….
2. Do you know the English equivalent terms for the missing
ones?
………………………………………………………………………………………………………

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b) In groups, complete the columns with names of facilities.

Spanish English Spanish English

laboratorio de
beach volleyball
educación a
court
distancia.
infirmary
Canchade fútbol
hockey court
students’ union
rugby field

estacionamiento

dining hall

buffet

CHECK YOUR PROGRESS – (with key)

a) Vocabulary check. Cross the odd one out and explain
why.

1. infirmary – library – law – laboratory.

Law is the odd one out because it’s a programme, not a facility…………………

2. rector – dean – teacher – researcher

……………………………………………………………………………………………………….
3. nutrition – accounting – medicine – kinesiology
……………………………………………………………………………………………………….
4. canteen – track – court – field
……………………………………………………………………………………………………….
5. fresher – scholarship – advanced – sophomore
……………………………………………………………………………………………………….

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b) Answer the following questions about UNLaM.

The campus
1. Does UNLaM have a large campus?
........................................................................................
2. How many parking lots are there?
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
3. Where can students and faculty go for a snack?
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
4. Is there a bank?
………………………………………………………………………………………………………

c) Complete the missing question word and answer.

The departments
1. …………………………………………... departments are there at UNLaM?
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
2. ………………… department do you belong to?
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
3. ………………… is it located?
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
4. ……………….. programmes does it offer?
………………………………………………………………………………………………………

d) Put the questions in order and answer them.

The theatre
1. theatre – where– located – is - the?
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
2. open – for – the – it – now – is – public?
………………………………………………………………………………………………………

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………………………………………………………………………………………………………
3. big – is – it – or – small?
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………….
4. does – how many – it – have – seats?
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………….

e) Ask the questions.

The university Students’ Union

1. …………………………………………………………………………………………………….?
The representatives of the union are the students voted by
the students.
2. …………………………………………………………………………………….………………?
There is only one students’ union.
3. …………………………………………………………………………………………………...?
They take part in academic, cultural and social activities.
4. …………………………………………………………………………………………………….?
No, I’m not a member.

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 UNLaM – DPU
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READING

Foreign and national universities: A comparison

The University of Bologna is located in Bologna, Italy. It is said to

be the first university in the world: it was founded in 1088. The university is
financed primarily by the national government. It has about 85,500 students in its
13 schools, such as Agriculture, Arts and Philosophy; Economics and Commerce,
Education, Engineering, Medicine, Political Science; and Veterinary Medicine. It is a
multi-campus institution with venues in Ravenna, Forlì, Cesena and Rimini, and a
branch center abroad in Buenos Aires. The university also has a postgraduate
school of administrative sciences, as well as schools of modern and classical
languages, and a school of ancient, medieval, and modern history.
Its library, founded in 1712, contains thousands of volumes and manuscripts. The
2017QS World University Rankings ranked the University of Bologna 182nd in the
world. Tuition and fee charges for the first academic year are about € 3,000.

The National University of Litoral (NUL), once called Santa Fe

Provincial University, was founded in 1889. After the University Reform in 1919,
Santa Fe Provincial University was renamed National University of Litoral, a public
institution open to people of all backgrounds. It has almost 22,000m² distributed in
different campuses. The NUL mainly receives students from the provinces of Santa
Fe, Entre Ríos and Corrientes. At present, there are about 35,000 students. The
University offers an outstanding intellectual and cultural resource to the
community. NUL has an extended infrastructure to develop its teaching and
research activities. One of the most remarkable features of the University is its
facilities. It has modernized classrooms, laboratories and computing areas
distributed in 10 faculties and 3 campuses. The centralized library has thousands of
publications and an open access virtual repository. The 2017QS World University
Rankings ranked the National University of the Litoral 81st in South America.

Harvard University is a private university in Cambridge,

Massachusetts. U.S. Harvard University is probably the best-known university in
the world, coming top in the reputation rankings most years. It was founded in
1636 and is the oldest institution of higher learning in the United States. It is also
the first and oldest corporation in North America. The 380-acre campuses are
located in Cambridge and Boston with the most modern lecture rooms. The Harvard
University Library System comprises nearly 80 individual libraries holding over 18
million volumes. The basic educational approach is to shape the practice of
business by building knowledge, educating leaders, and communicating ideas with
the aim of developing leaders of new and successful enterprises. The Harvard
Business School offers the Master of Business Administration (MBA) as well as a
doctoral program in business administration, business economics, information
technology and management, among other programmes. It has 21,000 students
and 14,500 attend postgraduate courses. Full time students are billed $ 46,819 for
tuition fees for an academic year.
 UNLaM – DPU
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WHILE READING
a) Complete the following chart with information from the
text.

Features Bologna Litoral Harvard

a. Foundation 1088

b. Students

c. Tuition fees

d. Library

e. World
ranking

b) Use the following adjectives to compare the above

universities. Write full sentences.

expensive – good – old – big – comprehensive

Foundation
1. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………
2. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………
Students
3. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………
4. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………
Tuition fees
5. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………
6. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………
Library
7. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………
8. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………
World ranking
9. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………
10. …………………………………………………………………………………………………….
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Inglés Nivel I

c) Compare the three universities and respond to the

following questions based on the information provided.

1. Which of the three universities is the newest?

……………………………………………………………………………………………………….
2. Which one has the largest population of students?
……………………………………………………………………………………………………….
3. Which one is more inclusive? Litoral or Bologna?
……………………………………………………………………………………………………….
4. Which one offers the most complete programmes of business?
……………………………………………………………………………………………………….
5. Which one is the best to recommend for people interested in
modern languages?
……………………………………………………………………………………………………….
6. Is the University of Bologna as large as Harvard?
……………………………………………………………………………………………………….

GRAMMAR STOP
Comparison of adjectives

 To compare differences between two objects, we use adjectives in their

comparative forms. They are used in sentences where two nouns are
compared, in this pattern:

Noun (subject) + verb + comparative adjective +than+ noun

(object).

The second item of comparison can be omitted if it is clear from the context
(1). Examples:

- This term I’m attending English and Computing, but I like English better
(1).

- UNLaM campus is larger than Morón University campus.

- Some classrooms are noisier and more crowded than others.

Superlative adjectives are used to describe an object which is at the

upper or lower limit of a quality. They are used in sentences where a
subject is compared to a group of objects:
Noun (subject) + verb + the + superlative adjective + noun
(object).
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Inglés Nivel I

The group that is being compared with can be omitted if it is clear from the
context. Examples:

- We sometimes talk in class when the teachers are explaining. Some

students talk the loudest.

- My classroom is the smallest in this sector. In summer it is the hottest.

 To compare and show equality you use the following structure:

(not) as + adjective + as
Example:
-Harvard University is not as old as Bologna University.

 Forming comparatives and superlatives is easy. The form depends on the

number of syllables in the original adjective.

Number of syllables Adjective Comparative Superlative

One syllable new newer (than) the newest (of all)
hot hotter the hottest
Two syllables simple simpler the simplest
dirty dirtier the dirtiest
Three or more important more important the most important
syllables expensive more expensive the most expensive

Examples:
- Bologna University’s library is more complete than NUL’s.
-Harvard University is one of the most expensive universities in the
world.

There are common adjectives that have completely irregular comparative

and superlative forms.

Adjective Comparative Superlative

good better the best
bad worse the worst
little less the least
much more the most
far further/farther the furthest/the farthest

LINKING WORDS

To connect two ideas in a sentence:

And, but, because.

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Inglés Nivel I

To show addition: and

- UNLaM offers services to the community and promotes civic activities.

To show contrast: but

- UNLaM is open to all people but there are admission restrictions.

To show reason: because

- I want to move to a Latin American country because I want to learn
Spanish.

CHECK YOUR PROGRESS – (with key)

a) Vocabulary check. Which is wrong?

1. happier  easier  noisier  bigger 

2. less  good  better  best 
3. most  modern  comprehensive  complete 
4. the smallest  the most expensive  the biggest  the
newest 
5. campus  laboratory  canteen  auditorium 
6. library  books  distance learning  dictionaries 
7. research  university  education  bank 
8. accountant  lawyer  nurse  master 

b) Write sentences comparing the following universities.

There is an example below.

Features UBA Tokyo Moscow

a. Foundation 1821 1877 1755

b. Students 330,000 30,000 47,000

c. Tuition fees None for ¥535,800 per Most faculties

undergraduates academic year are exempt
d. Library 9,500,000 10,000,000
volumes books
e. World 75thAmerican 25th in the 108th in the
ranking and European world world
ranking
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Inglés Nivel I

1. UBA is older than Tokyo University but MU is the oldest......

2. …………………………………………………………………………………………………
3. …………………………………………………………………………………………………
4. …………………………………………………………………………………………………
5. …………………………………………………………………………………………………
6. …………………………………………………………………………………………………
7. …………………………………………………………………………………………………
8. …………………………………………………………………………………………………
9. …………………………………………………………………………………………………
10. ……………………………………………………………………………………………

c) Choose one of the previous universities and compare it

with UNLaM. Describe their campuses, facilities and
departments. Use linking words: and, but, because.

........................................................................................
........................................................................................
........................................................................................
........................................................................................
........................................................................................

d) Read the text below. Choose the most suitable form of

the adjective.

OXBRIDGE

The University of Oxford and the University of Cambridge,

collectively known as Oxbridge, are the two ……………………………. (old)
universities in Britain. Both were founded more than 750 years ago,
and have produced a large number of Britain's …………………………….
(prominent) scientists, writers and politicians. The competition
between Oxford and Cambridge has a long history.
The city of Oxford is slightly ……………………………. (large),
……………………………. (busy) and ……………………………. (industrial) than
Cambridge. Oxford is often featured in the cinema; recent films with
scenes shot in Oxford include the Harry Potter movies. The
architecture of the city has made it ……………………………. (popular)
location with film-makers and tourists.
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Inglés Nivel I

There are more colleges at Oxford than at Cambridge. Choice of

college at Oxford is ……………………………. (important) than at
Cambridge, since few Oxford colleges admit students in all the
subjects available at the university, whereas most Cambridge
colleges do give their students the option to study any subject
offered by the university. Although both universities interview
applicants in early or mid-December, the admission is different, with
Oxford generally interviewing applicants at more than one college,
and asking them to stay in the city for ……………………………. (long)
periods during interviews; the decision making process is
……………………………. (quick), with applicants generally being notified of
their acceptance or rejection before Christmas. Cambridge tends to
have ……………………………. (short) interviews, normally applicants are
notified of their success or failure at the end of December or
beginning of January.
All around the world, Cambridge is …………………………………………….
(famous) Oxford.

e) Complete the chart below with new vocabulary from the

text above.

English Spanish English Spanish

both ambas

f) Unjumble the following words and underline them in the

text below.

Jumbled English Jumbled English

lacios ascump
vandadec arbiryl
ffast potucrem
sieclafiti tagroputedas
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Inglés Nivel I

CHECK YOUR PROGRESS TOWARDS MID-TERM TEST 1 – (with

key)

a) Complete the blanks with the verb or adjective in

brackets in the right form. Don’t forget to add some
extra words if necessary.

UNLaM Campus

To contribute to its economic and social development through

the scientific and technical education and formation of its students in
various fields of knowledge, UNLaM ..................... (have) a campus
of 40 hectares in San Justo City, which is in continuous improvement.
The campus ....................... (consist) of classrooms with
optimal features, video rooms, videoconference rooms, 18 computer
laboratories, a multi-media laboratory, a language laboratory, 3
electronics laboratories, a physics laboratory, a gymnasium, a sports
field, and an infirmary. Also, the University has a venue in Buenos
Aires city where some postgraduate courses are offered.
Leopoldo Marechal Library has become one of .....................
(important) libraries in Buenos Aires Province. Not only the staff and
students, but also the whole community ....................... (have)
access to it. The University Library is equipped with the best
facilities: a talking-reading room for 384 students, a silent reading
room, a computer room with access to multimedia and the Internet,
and a sound library equipped with a laboratory and two cabins for
disabled people – the first of its kind in Latin America. The library has
the 53 volumes of the complete works by Domingo Faustino
Sarmiento which the University published in 2000.
The Audio-Visual Media Laboratory has been set up for
advanced students, instructors and professionals of Social
Communication, and this year it ........................ (produce)
audiovisual material of top professional quality. The University Radio
FM 89.1, television documentary productions and film productions are
always ...................... (good) the previous year.

b) Read the following definitions and complete them with

the framed words in the text above. There is an extra
one.

1. ........................: The information, understanding and skills

that you gain through education or experience.
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Inglés Nivel I

2. ........................: People that are physically different from others.

3. ........................: The place where a public event or meeting
happens.
4. ........................: People who teach a subject, especially in a
college or university.

c) True or False? When the statement is true, account for your

answer by transcribing the line/s from the text. When it is
false, provide the true version.

1. UNLaM is constantly building new facilities in its large campus of

its main venue. .......
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
2. There are only a dozen laboratories. .......
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
3. The library is not open to the district community. ……..
……………………………………………………………………………………………………..…….
4. The university does not have a culturally inclusive policy. ………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………........

d) Imagine you want to study at UNLaM. This dialogue is

part of an interview before you enroll. Can you complete it?

Interviewer: …………………………………………………………………….……………………?
You: I want to study here because it’s one of the best universities in
Argentina.
I: …………………………………………………………………………………………………………..?
Y: I’m applying for social communication.
……….……………………………………………………….…………………………………….....?
I: Yes. It belongs to the Humanities and Social Sciences Department.
All the programmes at UNLaM are distributed in 6 different
departments.
Y: …………………………………………………………………………………………….…………….?
I: Yes. There is a very complete one called Leopoldo Marechal. All the
community of La Matanza have access to it.
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Inglés Nivel I

Y: ……………………………………………………………………………………………….………….?
I: UNLaM offers them the Audio-Visual Media Laboratory to produce
material of top professional quality.
Y: I’m really interested in applying for this university. I think this is
an opportunity I can’t miss!

EXTENSIVE READING
Learn with BOOK
By R. J. Heathorn

READING – Part I
After reading the first paragraph, answer the following
questions.
1. What is BOOK?
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
2. Based on this paragraph, what is the author criticizing?
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………

A new aid to rapid learning has made its appearance. Indications

are that if it becomes popular all the electronic gadgets will be considered
useless. The new device is known as Built-in Orderly Organized
Knowledge. The makers generally call it by its acronym, BOOK.
 UNLaM – DPU
Inglés Nivel I

READING – Part II
It has many advantages over the old-style learning and teaching aids
on which most people are raised nowadays. It has no wires, no electric circuit
to break down, no connection is needed to an electricity power point. It is
made entirely without mechanical parts which can go wrong or need
replacement.
Anyone can use BOOK, even children, and it fits comfortably into the
hands. It can be conveniently used sitting in an armchair. How does this
revolutionary, unbelievably easy invention work?
Basically BOOK consists only of a large number of paper sheets. These
can run to hundreds where BOOK covers a lengthy program of information.
Each sheet has a number in sequence so that the sheets cannot be used in
the wrong order. Each sheet of paper presents the user with an information
sequence in the form of symbols, which he/she absorbs optically for
automatic registration on the brain.
When one sheet has been assimilated a movement of the finger turns
it over and more information is found on the other side. By using both sides
of each sheet in this way a great economy is affected, reducing both the size
and cost of BOOK. No buttons need to be pressed to move from one sheet to
another, to open or close BOOK, or to start it working.
BOOK can be used at any time by simply opening it. Instantly, it is
ready for use. Nothing has to be connected or switched on. The user can go
backwards or forwards if he/she pleases. A sheet is provided near the
beginning as a location finder for any required information sequence. A small
accessory is the BOOKmark. This enables the user to pick up his/her program
where he/she left off on the previous learning session. BOOKmark is versatile
and can be used in any BOOK.
A vast range of BOOKs is available, covering every subject and
adjusted to different levels of aptitude. One BOOK, small enough to be held
in the hands, can contain an entire learning schedule. Once the user buys it,
BOOK requires no maintenance cost; no batteries or wires are needed,
because the power, thanks to an ingenious device patented by the makers, is
supplied by the brain of the user. BOOKs can be stored on handy shelves.
Altogether the Built-in Orderly Organized Knowledge seems to have
great advantages with no drawbacks. We predict a big future for it.
 UNLaM – DPU
Inglés Nivel I

AFTER READING

a) Answer the following questions.

1. Were your predictions based on the first paragraph right?
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
2. Re-read the last sentence. Do you agree with the author’s
prediction?
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
3. What is BOOK compared to?
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
4. What advantages does BOOK have over “old-style” learning aids?
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
5. What are some of the characteristics of BOOK that make it easy
to use?
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
6. How is the author’s description of BOOK similar to the description
of a machine?
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
7. What accessory is there for BOOK and how is it used?
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………..

b) Match with the correct paraphrased ideas.

1. It can be conveniently used sitting in an armchair. …..
2. These can run to hundreds where BOOK covers a lengthy program
of information. …..
3. Each sheet of paper presents the user with an information
sequence in the form of symbols, which s/he absorbs optically for
automatic registration on the brain. …..
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Inglés Nivel I

4. A sheet is provided near the beginning as a location finder for

any required information sequence. …..
5. A vast range of BOOKs is available, covering every subject and
adjusted to different levels of aptitude. …..
6. One BOOK, small enough to be held in the hands, can contain
an entire learning schedule. …..

a) There are lots of books on every topic and adapted for all levels.
b) Each page is written in a language that the reader can decode.
c) Books can have hundreds of pages if they cover a lot of content.
d) At the beginning, there is an index.
e) A small book can have the complete contents of a course.
f) A person can read a book sitting on a sofa.

c) Fill in each blank with the correct word in brackets.

1. BOOK is not really a new ……………………………… for learning.
(gadget – indication)
2. When a gadget is broken, it becomes ……………………………….
(valuable – useless)
3. With books you can ………………………………. a lot of information.
(absorb – move)
4. At a library, there are books on almost any ………………………………
(subject – progress)
5. The only ………………………………. to using a library is that you have
to return the book. (symbol – drawback)
6. A book requires no ………………………………. cost.
(maintenance – device)

d) Compare traditional books with digital versions of reading

material.

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
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Inglés Nivel I

TALKING POINT
Giving your opinion

Useful expressions:
In my opinion, ... I would say that ...
To my mind, ... It seems to me that ...
From my point of view, ...

1. Private education vs. State-run education: recommendable or

good?
2. English vs. Portuguese: difficult or necessary?
3. Final exams vs. Mid-Term tests: easy or difficult?
4. Paper dictionary vs. Digital dictionary: useful or useless?
5. In-class practice vs. Out-of-class practice: helpful or unhelpful?

Choose one talking point. Write down your opinion and account
for it. Then, you will share it with the class.

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………...
 UNLaM – DPU
Inglés Nivel I

VIDEO TIME

Log in and watch the video I have a master’s degree of an

episode from Big Bang Theory. Then, answer the questions
below.

Big Bang Theory – Main characters

Sheldon Cooper Leonard Hofstadter

Howard Wolowitz
Rajesh Koothrappali
1. Who is the Professor’s exotic young friend, his star?
.........................................................................................
2. Who has a Master’s degree?
.........................................................................................
3. What is the business of the place?
.........................................................................................
4. Who will have lunch in the President’s dining room?
.........................................................................................
5. Is the food good there?
.........................................................................................
 MODULE 2
STUDYING AT UNIVERSITY

Topics Functions Structures

- My ideal study - Talking about habitual - Tenses: present simple
place activities and past simple.

- Learning styles - Talking about emotions - Affirmative and negative

forms
- Talking about past
- Women and
actions - Questions forming
education
- Expressing agreement - Like/love/enjoy/prefer/
and disagreement dislike/hate + ING
Fiction
- Modal verbs: can, can’t
Teaching styles
By Les Zsoldos
Section 1

LISTENING
My Ideal Study Place

a) Look at the title. Make predictions about the text you are
going to listen to.

………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………

b) You are going to listen to the first part of a conversation

between an interviewer and Richard. Answer questions
1-5 below by writing:

I: (for the interviewer)

R: (for Richard)
N: (for neither of them)

1. Who likes to work at home? …..

2. Who likes the idea of being outside in a garden? …..
3. Who has a desk with a computer in his/her ideal study place? …
4. Who likes to study in the library? …..
5. Who reads his/her e-mails or does some googling? …..

c) Now, listen to the second part of the conversation and

choose True or False:
1. Richard doesn’t have anything else in his study. ………
2. The interviewer takes everything she needs to the kitchen
table. ………
3. Both of them like drinking coffee when they study. ………
4. Richard never listens to music when he studies because if he
knows the song, then the song is in his head. ………
 d) Finally, listen and complete:

Interviewer: And Richard, what about snacking? Do you ……………….to

eat when you study?
Richard: No. Em…hahaha…the crumbs, the bits of food from what you
eat will get in your work so no I don’t think that’s good
Interviewer: How about studying with ...................…, with other
people around?
Richard: No. ……………………………. it’s good to talk about things but
erm…not really no. I think to work hard you’ve got to be on
your own.
Interviewer: Mmm. I quite like it. If I’m …………………… the kitchen
table, with my cup o’ tea, I’m happy to have a friend
who is studying the same thing as me so that we can
talk about things.
Richard: Yes, but…You ……………………………. talk about different things,
don’t you? [Interviewer: Mmm] I …………………………… think
you can do as much with… when… if you’ve got your friends
with you mmm… I’m not sure about that.
Interviewer: Ok. ……………………….. about you the listeners? What’s
your ideal study place?

e) What about you? What is your favourite study place?

Why? What are your study habits?
.........................................................................................
.........................................................................................
.........................................................................................
.........................................................................................
.........................................................................................
.........................................................................................

Log in to listen to the interview again.

BEFORE READING
How do you learn best? What is your learning style?
READING

Questionnaire: Learning Styles

1. Write the score that most applies to you next to each sentence below:
5. almost always 4. fairly often 3. sometimes 2. rarely 1. almost never
Score Statement
……..1. It helps me understand if I discuss things with other people.
…….. 2. When learning, I watch the teacher’s face a lot.
…….. 3. I use colours when I read (highlighter pens, coloured pens).
…….. 4. I get good ideas while I am doing some kind of physical activity.
…….. 5. I prefer spoken to written instructions.
…….. 6. I do less well on written tests than on oral tests.
…….. 7. When studying, I don’t like sitting at a desk, but on the floor, on the bed, etc.
…….. 8. I can easily understand maps, charts, graphs, etc.
…….. 9. I hate sitting still for long.
…….. 10. I like making things with my hands.
…….. 11. I don’t like listening to the radio while studying.
…….. 12. I take a lot of breaks when I study.
…….. 13. I use a lot of body language when talking.
…….. 14. I prefer doing an activity directly instead of listening to instructions first.
…….. 15. I like telling jokes and can remember them well.
…….. 16. I take lots of notes when I read or listen to a lecture.
…….. 17. I doodle when I listen to a lecture.
…….. 18. I prefer listening to a recording instead of reading about a topic.
…….. 19. I can visualize the place on the page where I read something.
…….. 20. I like making projects better than writing reports.
…….. 21. I like talking when I write.
…….. 22. If I read, I ‘listen’ to the words in my head.
…….. 23. If I write something down, I remember it better.
…….. 24. I remember better what people say not their physical appearance.
…….. 25. I take down notes, but they are messy.
…….. 26. If I study aloud, I remember better.
…….. 27. I prefer reading than listening when studying in group.

2. Transfer your scores and add them up:

2.…….. 4.…….. 1. …….. Your highest score indicates which your
3. …….. 7. …….. 5. …….. strongest learning style is, your lowest
8. …….. 9. …….. 6. …….. score shows your weakest. There is no
11.…….. 10.…….. 15.…….. right or perfect, learning style: everyone is
16.…….. 12.…….. 18.…….. to some degree, a mixture of all three
19. …….. 13. …….. 21. …….. learning styles, but most people may have
23. …….. 14. …….. 22. …….. one learning style which is dominant. A
25. …….. 17. …….. 24. …….. score of more than 30 indicates a
27. …….. 20. …….. 26. …….. particularly strong style; a score of under
Visual Kinaesthetic Auditory 20 indicates quite a weak style.
Learner Learner Learner
Total score: Total score: Total score:
…….. …….. ……..
AFTER READING
a) According to this questionnaire, what is your dominant
learning style? And your weakest? Do you agree with the
results?

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

b) What about your seatmate’s learning style? Write down five

sentences that describe his/her strongest learning style.

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

VOCABULARY BUILDING

Verbs
discuss doodle say
learn make do
tell visualize help
understand get remember
watch use sit

Nouns
thing hand lecture
face break report
floor joke head

Adjectives/adverbs/prepositions
easily for long aloud
instead of messy
GRAMMAR STOP
Simple Present

We use the simple present for:

- repeated or habitual actions;

- thoughts, feelings and states;
- an idea which is always true.

Affirmative and negative statements

I
You take down
We don’t take down notes at university.
They

He takes down
She doesn’t take down

The computer (It) takes down notes.

Yes-No questions and short answers

I Yes, I/you/we/they do.
you
DO we No, I/you/we/they
they take down notes at don’t.
university?
he Yes, he/she does.
DOES she No, he/she doesn’t.

the computer (it) take down notes? Yes, it does.

No, it doesn’t.

Wh- questions and answers

I
do you
When we
they take down notes?

Where he
does she

the English course (it) start?

 Frequency adverbs

I/You/We/They always use body language.

don’t use /never use

He/She often uses body language.

doesn’t use /never uses

It (The English sometimes starts at 8.00 o’clock.

course) doesn’t finish/never finishes in November
is always* popular among students.

* Note the position of adverbs with be.

Verbs of emotion: like/love/enjoy/dislike/hate/prefer + ING

These verbs express how we experience an emotion. They are commonly

used in the Simple Present tense. Examples:

- I love searching the Internet.

- Students hate getting low marks in exams but they enjoy passing difficult
subjects.

Modal verbs: CAN

We use modal verb CAN to show:

-ability
-possibility

Statements: Subject + CAN/CAN’T + infinitive verb form + …

Questions: (WH) + CAN/CAN’T + Subject + infinitive verb form + …?

CAN’T shows the lack of ability or possibility.

Modal verbs never inflect, and they are used as auxiliaries to ask questions
and show negation.
CHECK YOUR PROGRESS – (with key)

a) Match the following columns.

1. discuss a. well
2. watch b. your opinion
3. use c. down notes
4. get d. television
5. do e. a red pen
6. take f. aloud
7. tell g. creative ideas
8. make h. a report
9. read i. jokes

b) Answer the following questions.

1. Do you ever study aloud? How often do you do it?

………………………………………………………………………………………………………
2. How often do you study in the library?
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
3. Do you prefer studying on your own or with some peers? Why?
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
4. Do you often take breaks when you study?
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
5. Do you like listening to music when you study? Why (not)?
………………………………………………………………………………………………………

c) Ask your seatmate 4 questions about his/her learning

style.

1. ……………………………………………………………………………………………………?
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
2. ……………………………………………………………………………………………………?
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
3. ……………………………………………………………………………………………………?
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
4. ……………………………………………………………………………………………………?
………………………………………………………………………………………………………

d) Complete with frequency adverbs the following

sentences about your learning habits. Be ready to talk.

1. I …………………………… study in the library.

2. I …………………………… drink something when I study.
3. I am ……………………… alone when I study.
4. I …………………………… take a lot of breaks when I study.
5. I …………………………… study in groups.
6. I …………………………… write messy notes.
7. I …………………………… do some googling when I study.
8. I …………………………… remember better what people say.
9. I …………………………… prefer reading than listening when I study.

e) Now write a paragraph about your learning habits. Be

ready to share it with the rest of the class.

take lots of notes in the classroom – doodle during a lecture –

sit on the floor when studying – use different colours when I read –
read or listen to instructions – write reports – study aloud –
work with my PC–
study outside in the garden – study with my classmates

........................................................................................
........................................................................................
........................................................................................
........................................................................................
........................................................................................
f) University students Bingo.

Rules
 Choose and highlight five actions that best describe your
learning habits. No individual cards are necessary.
 Then, play bingo.
 The first student who marks his/her five chosen habits is
the winner.

doodle study with my use university never write my

in class mother sport facilities name in
written exams

study aloud usually play never read in take down

with cell phone the bathroom messy notes
in the English that I never
lesson read
hate group always like suggesting write capital
work remember courses of letters with
what action to coloured pen
instructors people
explain
sometimes use highlighter be often late sometimes go
cheat at exams when studying for classes red when
reading aloud
in class.

Log in for further practice.

 English Level I: Turning mirrors into windows

Section 2

BEFORE READING
a) Reflect on the title of the article and on Aristotle’s quotation.

b) Make predictions about the content of the article.

...............................................................................................
Women and Education: Aristotle was wrong

Aristotle’s views have influenced the Western Juliana Morell was the first woman to receive
world for the better and the worse. a university degree. Morell, born in Spain,
Examples of the worse are his views on received her first training from the
women. He saw women as subject to men, Dominican nuns at Barcelona. At the age of
but as higher than slaves. In consequence, four, she began Latin, Greek, and Hebrew at
among many other things, women were home under competent teachers. At the age
denied education. of twelve, she defended in public her theses
in ethics and dialectics "summa cum laude".
However, in ancient Greece, in 300 BCE,
Agnodice left Athens and went to Alexandria She then applied herself to physics,
to study medicine and midwifery. She metaphysics and canon and civil law. She
returned to Athens and became a popular gained a Law Doctorate in 1608, when she
gynecologist. Apparently, she disguised publicly maintained her law theses.
herself as a man to practice medicine on
men. Agnodice became so popular among The first woman to receive a doctorate
her female patients that her male colleagues degree in the modern era was Stefania
charged her with seducing her patients. In Wolicka, from the University of Zurich in
court, she revealed her sex and was 1875. Wolicka was the first woman to earn a
exonerated. Doctorate of Philosophy degree in Europe in
the modern era. Universities in Switzerland
In ancient Greece, there was also an were the first modern-era European
opportunity for midwives to receive some universities to admit female students.
further medical training, to become a doctor-
midwife. Philista was a popular professor of Despite Aristotle’s long-lasting and influential
medicine who delivered lectures from behind views, the list of persevering women is
a curtain, to prevent her beauty from endless.
distracting her students.
 UNLaM – DPU
Inglés Nivel I

WHILE READING
c) Scan the text and complete the table.

Agnodice Philista Morell Wolicka

Nationality

Context

Degree

“University”

Field of
study

AFTER READING
d) Extract from the article four surprising facts.

1. …………………………………………………………………………………………………
2. …………………………………………………………………………………………………
3. …………………………………………………………………………………………………
4. …………………………………………………………………………………………………
 UNLaM – DPU
Inglés Nivel I

e) Circle true or false, and then transfer the corresponding

letter to the boxes below.
T F
1. Aristotle considered women inferior beings. E F
2. For him, slaves were superior to women. M Q
3. Agnodice had a rebellious personality. U D
4. Her patients loved her. A T
5. Philista lectured on medicine. L N
6. Morell did not go to university. S I
7. Morell was brilliantly clever. T L
8. Swiss universities were not inclusive in the past. D Y

f) Now, in each of the above examples, underline the verbs

and reflect on them. What conclusions can you make?

.........................................................................................
.........................................................................................
.........................................................................................

GRAMMAR STOP
Simple Past

The Simple Past is used for an activity or situation that began and ended
in the past. It is usually used with past time expressions such as yesterday,
last month/year, a few days ago, and dates such as: in 1990, in 300 BCE,
etc.

There are regular and irregular verbs.

Regular verbs add ed to the base form. Irregular verbs form the Simple
Past in a variety of different ways.
 UNLaM – DPU
Inglés Nivel I

BE

AFFIRMATIVE NEGATIVE INTERROGATIVE

I/he/she/it + was + … I/he/she/it + was not + Was + I/he/she/it + …?

…
I/he/she/it was Was I/he/she/it popular
popular among women I/he/she/it was not among women?
popular among women

You/we/they+ were + You/we/they + were +… Were + you/we/they +

… …?
You/we/they were You/we/they were not Were you/we/they
popular among women popular among women popular among women?

LEXICAL VERBS OTHER THAN “BE”

AFFIRMATIVE NEGATIVE INTERROGATIVE

(All persons) + past (All persons) + did not Did + (all persons) +
form of the verb +Base form of the verb base form of the verb?

(All persons) + (All persons) + did not Did + (all persons) +

defended the thesis. +defend + the thesis. defend the thesis?

(All persons) + left (All persons) + did not + Did + (all persons) +
Athens. leave + Athens. leave Athens?

Spelling rules for adding ed to the verb:

1. When the verb ends in e, add only d.

move moved live lived

2. When the verb ends in a consonant + y, change the y to I, and add ed.

study studied try tried

3. When the verb ends in a vowel + y (ay, ey, oy, uy), the y does not
change.

play played enjoy enjoyed

4. When the verb is one syllable and ends in a consonant, double the last
letter before ed.
stop stopped plan planned

5. When the verb has more than one syllable and the last syllable ends in a
consonant, double the last letter only if the last syllable is stressed.
prefer preferred permit permitted
 UNLaM – DPU
Inglés Nivel I

Pronunciation of -ed
When this suffix is added to a verb to indicate past (or to form a past
participle), its pronunciation varies according to the sound of the last syllable
of the base verb. Remember that the sound (not the letter) is what is
important, although many times they may coincide.

/d/ /t/ /id/

The –ED form is The –ED form is The –ED form is

pronounced /d/ when pronounced /t/ when the pronounced /id/ when
the last sound of the last sound of the verb the last sound of the
verb base is base is verb base is

1. a vowel: 1. /p/ 1. /d/

play – played /pleid/ stop – stopped /stopt/ decide – decided
2. /b/: 2. /k/ /di’saidid/
rob – robbed /robd/ look – looked /lukt/ 2. /t/
3. /g/: 3. /s/ invite – invited
drag – dragged /dragd/ dress – dressed /drest/ /in’vaitid/
4. /m/: 4. /sh/
slam – slammed finish – finished /finisht/
/slamd/ 5. /ch/
5. /n/: watch – watched /wotcht/
open – opened 6. /ks/ (x)
/oupend/ fix – fixed /fikst/
6. /v/: 7. /f/ (gh)
love – loved /lavd/ laugh – laughed /laft/
7. /dƺ/
change – changed
/cheindƺd/
8. /z/
buzz – buzzed /bazd/
9. /l/
call –called /kold/

Irregular plural of nouns

midwife – midwives
wife – wives
life – lives
person – people
child – children
woman – women
man – men
 UNLaM – DPU
Inglés Nivel I

CHECK YOUR PROGRESS – (With key)

a) Complete the following crossword puzzle.
1

2 3

7 8

10

11

12

13

Across
2. Why did Agnodice ........................................ for Alexandria?
4. Did any of them ....................................... for a job at
university?
6. Where did Wolicka ........................................ her PhD?
9. Morell ........................................ her theses publicly.
11. Agnodice ........................ Greece to make her dreams come
true.
12. Agnodice .................................... to present-day Egypt to
study.
13. Aristotle ........................................ women as inferior.

Down
1. Agnodice and Philista ........................ some of the first women
who fought against oppression.
3. Wolicka ........................ the first doctorate degree.
5. Agnodice ........................ back to Athens as a gynaecologist.
7. Agnodice ........................ a famous gynecologist.
8. Did Greek universities ........................ female students?
10. When did Morell ........................ to study foreign languages?
12. ........................Aristotle wrong?
 UNLaM – DPU
Inglés Nivel I

b) Frame questions using one word from each column.

Then, add a new different one.
How did J. Morell gain as a man?
What problem did J. Morell leave in the past?
When did Aristotle have women?
Why did Philista? --------- ---------------------------
Who did women see a doctorate?
Why did Agnodice disguise Athens?
Where was Agnodice from? ---------------------------
When was Philista deliver classes behind a curtain?
Who was S. Wolicka? --------- ---------------------------
?

1. ……………………………………………………………………………………………………?
2. ……………………………………………………………………………………………………?
3. ……………………………………………………………………………………………………?
4. ……………………………………………………………………………………………..……?
5. ……………………………………………………………………………………………………?
6. ……………………………………………………………………………………………………?
7. ……………………………………………………………………………………………………?
8. ……………………………………………………………………………………………………?
9. ……………………………………………………………………………………………………?
10. ……………………………………………………………………………………………………?

c) Answer the questions with information from the article.

1. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………
2. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………
3. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………
4. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………
5. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………
6. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………
7. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………
 UNLaM – DPU
Inglés Nivel I

8. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………
9. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………
10. ……………………………………………………………………………………………………
d) Choose the right option. If possible, don’t refer to the
article.
1. Who considered women inferior to men?
a. Plato b. men c. Aristotle
2. Who was the first European woman to earn a PhD?
a. Morell b. Wolicka c. Philista
3. Who delivered lectures from behind a curtain?
a. Morell b. Wolicka c. Philista
4. Who left Greece to study medicine?
a. Morell b. Agnodice c. Philista
5. Who became a popular gynaecologist in ancient Greece?
a. Agnodice b. Wolicka c. Philista
6. Who studied Latin, Greek and Hebrew at the age of 4?
a. Morell b. Wolicka c. Philista

GRAMMAR STOP
Asking about the subject of the sentence in the past tense: The case
of WHO

Read the following questions and their answers:

-Who thought that women were inferior to men?

Aristotle OR Aristotle did.

-Who was the first woman to earn a Doctorate of Philosophy degree in

Europe in the modern era?
Stefania Wolicka.

-Who disguised herself as a man to practise medicine on men?

Agnodice OR Agnodice did.

There is no auxiliary verb and the word order is not inverted.

These are called subject questions because the question word is the
subject of the sentence. For the first question, Aristotle is the subject of
the verb.
 UNLaM – DPU
Inglés Nivel I

e) Reread the questions and answers of activity d) and ask

questions with Why...? Then answer them.

1. ……………………………………………………………………………………………………?
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
2. ……………………………………………………………………………………………………?
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
3. ……………………………………………………………………………………………………?
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
4. ……………………………………………………………………………………………..……?
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
5. ……………………………………………………………………………………………………?
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
6. ……………………………………………………………………………………………………?
………………………………………………………………………………………………………

f) Vocabulary check. Complete the first and last letters and

find the words.

1. a verb in the past _ecam_

2. a postgraduate course _aste _
3. a university authority _ecto_
4. college student status _enio_
5. a profession _awye_
6. a frequency adverb _lway _
7. an academic title _egre_
8. an adjective _leve_
9. opposite of male _emal_
 UNLaM – DPU
Inglés Nivel I

Log in for further practice.

CULTURE CORNER: General knowledge quiz

Who was a war correspondent during the Battle of Omdurman?

a. Ernest Hemingway b. Winston Churchill c. Bernard Fall
Who painted the Sistine Chapel?
a. Michelangelo b. da Vinci c. Tintoretto
Who was the director of The Lord of the Rings trilogy?
a. George Lucas b. Peter Jackson c. Francis F. Coppola
Who wrote Here comes the Sun?
a. John Lennon b. Paul McCartney c. George Harrison
Who painted Guernica?
a. Salvador Dalí b. Pablo Picasso c. Francisco Goya
Who assassinated John F. Kennedy?
a. The FBI b. Martin Luther King c. Lee H. Oswald
Who was the president of Brazil in 2015?
a. Lula Da Silva b. Dilma Rousseff c. Michel Temer
Who invaded Russia in 1812?
a. Wellington b. Napoleon c. Stalin
 UNLaM – DPU
Inglés Nivel I

EXTENSIVE READING
 UNLaM – DPU
Inglés Nivel I

a) Look at the four photos on the previous page. Use an adjective

from the box below to describe each university professor/tutor.

friendly – serious – focused – didactic – funny – academic – boring – inspiring

Professor 1 looks friendly because she is sitting on her desk.

.......................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................
....................................................................................................

b) What are they doing?

Professor 1 …………………………………………………………………………………………….
…………............................................................................................
.......................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................

c) Do the classrooms look the same? Why/Why not?

.......................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................

d) What is your opinion about the teaching profession?

.......................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................

e) Do you get on well with your tutors/instructors/professors? Why/Why

not?
.......................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................
....................................................................................................
 UNLaM – DPU
Inglés Nivel I

READING

Teaching styles
by Les Zsoldos

The professor heard a light knock on his door. Back in Canada, he always
left his office door slightly open when he was in the office, but it wasn't common
here in China. He wasn't at one of the prestigious universities, but he didn't
mind. His university had given him a big modern office, a free apartment close
to campus, and a good salary. That was the reward for teaching in a rural area.
His students weren't the best the country had to offer, but many of them were
very appreciative. They often gave him gifts to show their appreciation:
chocolates, sandwiches, cookies, shampoos, socks and even whiskey. He was a
visiting professor who was making the most of his opportunity.
He opened the door and welcomed the student into his office. The student
wasn't one of his best, but he tried hard and was never absent from class. The
student was not an English major, but seemed really eager to improve his
English. He was from the Department of Electronic Engineering.
The professor was a little surprised to see him because his students didn't
visit him very often and this student had never visited him before. He could see
that the student appeared to be very excited, but he had no idea why. The
student wanted to show him his TOEIC score. The Test of English for
International Communication was a very important test in China. In fact, many
employers required a minimum TOEIC score for job applicants. The highest
possible score was 990 and many employers demanded a score of 800 or higher.
The TOEIC listening and reading test was divided equally into two parts: 495 for
listening and 495 for reading.
The student was so excited that the professor expected to see a high
score. He looked down at the student's test score. The result was a big surprise.
The listening score was 330 and reading was 295 for a combined total of 625.
Expecting to see a much higher score, the professor wasn't quite sure what to
say. Should he congratulate the student on his score? Should he just thank him
for sharing the TOEIC results with him?
Noticing the professor's hesitation, the student said, "You don't
understand. Before I took your class I couldn't speak English. I had no
confidence. But now I can speak. Thank you for everything."Now the professor
understood. He'd made a real difference in the life of this student and the
student just wanted to show his appreciation.
The professor now knew what to say. "You're very welcome. I'm glad
you've made so much improvement. Keep up the good work."
As the student left, the professor knew that of all the moments in his
teaching career, this was one he would never forget. It was a special moment, a
moment which made him realize that he could make a big difference in his
students' lives. Without doubt, he had chosen the right profession.

Adapted from: http://www.helium.com/items/2260815-professor-student-teaching-

score-toeic
 UNLaM – DPU
Inglés Nivel I

AFTER READING
a) Answer these questions about the story.
1. What differences are there between this university in China and
those in Canada?
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
2. What was the student like?
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
3. Why is TOEIC relevant for Chinese students?
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
4. Was the student’s test score higher or lower than the average
expected?
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
5. How did the student feel about his test score? Why did he feel like
that?
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
6. How did the professor feel about his student’s experience? Why?
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

b) Are these sentences true or false? Why?

1. The professor was comfortable at this university…………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
2. The student who went to his office was an outstanding student.……
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
3. The exam result was really bad.…………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
4. The student felt sad about his exam result.…………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
5. The professor was very proud of his student.…………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
 UNLaM – DPU
Inglés Nivel I

c) Vocabulary check. Cross the odd one out and explain why.

1. mind – heard – was – left

………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
2. eager – absent – tried – common
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
3. gift – reward – opportunity – chocolates
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
4. listening – reading – book – writing
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
5. career – professor – exam – student
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

d) Complete the summary of the story with the appropriate

form of the verbs below. There are some extra ones.

be (x 7) hurry leave choose want (x 2) know

make speak realize have forget hear

sense give feel visit like expect

The story…………………………….. about a Canadian professor of English who

was working at a Chinese University. Although his students………………………. not
the best the country had to offer and the university……………………….. not a
prestigious one, he………………………… satisfied because he……………………… a good
salary, a modern office and an apartment close to campus. In addition, his
students usually………………………………. him gifts to show him their appreciation.
One day when he………………………… in his office, he………………………….. a
knock on the door. He was surprised because his students seldom
…………………………… him. The student who had come to see him
………………………………… to show him his scores in the TOEIC exam. As the student
…………………………. very excited, the professor ………………………. to see a high score.
However, the student’s scores ……………………… just average.
The professor was speechless. He didn’t …………………………. whether he
should congratulate the student or just thank him for sharing his results. The
student ……………………….. the professor’s hesitation and ……………………………. to
explain that he …………………………….. to thank him because now he could speak
English whereas, before taking his class, he couldn’t. The professor
……………………………. he had made a real difference in that student’s life. There
was no doubt he had chosen the right profession.
 UNLaM – DPU
Inglés Nivel I

e) Write the questions for the following answers.

1. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………?
No, it wasn’t. The professor’s apartment was near the university.
2. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………?
The university was located in a rural area.
3. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………?
Because the students didn’t visit him regularly.
4. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………?
The students gave him chocolates, sandwiches, cookies, shampoos,
socks and even whiskey.
5. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………?
The student was taking Electronic Engineering.
6. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………?
It means “Test of English for International Communication”.
7. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………?
Because many employers require a minimum TOEIC score for job
applicants.
8. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………?
He obtained a total score of 625.
9. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………?
No, he didn’t. He expected to see a much higher grade.
10. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………?
He felt very happy.
 UNLaM – DPU
Inglés Nivel I

TALKING POINT
Expressing agreement and disagreement with your fellow
student’s opinions.

Useful words to express your opinion:

My view/opinion is that … I think/consider/find that …

My belief/impression is that … I feel/believe/suppose that ...

Useful words to express your agreement:

I agree (with you/him/her/them). I think so.

I share your view. I really think so.

Useful words to express your disagreement:

I don't agree. I don't think so.

I disagree. I don't think that's quite right.

a) Choose two ideas. Give your opinion and then agree or disagree
with your peers’ opinion. Analyse the following example.

St 1: My belief is that Aristotle was wrong.

St 2: I share your view because women and men are equal.

1. Aristotle was right.

2. Group work is better than individual work.
3. Written instructions for exams are useless.
4. Oral tests are more difficult than written exams.
5. The canteen is the best place to study.
6. Exams are easier than written assignments.
7. Agnodice was wrong to dress up like a man.
8. Midwifery is a sexist profession.
9. At UNLaM, professors are unfriendly with their students.
10. University students never show their appreciation to their
professors.
 UNLaM – DPU
Inglés Nivel I

VIDEO TIME
Log in and watch the video entitled Funny school teacher.
Choose the correct option.

1. The school teacher is singing …………………..

a) the right lyrics b) the wrong song c) her simplified version of the
song.

2. The …………………… walks into the classroom.

a) inspector b) headmaster c) supervisor.

3. He takes her to the corner to teach her ……………………

a) the lyrics of the song. b) to sing c) to teach.

4. She tells him: ………………….

a) “I don’t like it” b) “I never remember that” c) “Thank you, Sir”

5. In her second version of the song, she mixes up …………….

a) letters and colours. b) letters and animals c) letters and numbers.

6. Why can’t she sing the song? Because ……………….

a) it’s too fast b) it’s too long c) it’s too difficult.

7. In the end, the headmaster ……………

a) gives up. b) fires her c) sings with the children.

8. In the end, the teacher ………….

a) gives them homework. b) starts crying. c) hums a different tune.

Is she a qualified teacher? Why? Why not?

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
 MODULE 3
EXAMINATIONS

Topics Functions Structures

- Exam preparation - Giving instructions, - Imperative mood:

tips orders, warnings. instructions, orders,
warnings, suggestions,
- Admission - Making suggestions, requests.
examination requests.
regulations - Modal verbs: may,
- Giving personal opinions must, should, mustn’t.
- Exam grades
- Expressing agreement
Fiction and disagreement

The Appointment in
Samarra by
Somerset Maugham.

72
 UNLaM – DPU
Inglés Nivel I

Section 1

EXPRESS YOURSELF
Look at the picture below. Then, answer the questions about it.

1. What does the picture represent about the topic “university”?

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………
2. Who is the man sitting at the desk?
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………
3. What animals can you identify?
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………
4. Why are they standing one next to the other?
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………
5. Do you think that all the animals in the picture can climb the tree
behind them? Explain your reasons.
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………

73
 UNLaM – DPU
Inglés Nivel I

BEFORE READING
Which applies to you? Read the statements below and make a
selection with a tick (). Be ready to talk about you in class.

Exam preparation quiz

Always Usually Some- Never

times

I find it difficult to get down to study.

I have well-organised notes for my

subjects.

I summarise readings and include

them in my notes.

I put off homework and revision until

the last minute.

I worry about my studies.

I find it difficult to concentrate on my

studying.

I learn some things by heart.

I understand my notes when revising.

When I finish studying, I close my

books and think about something
else.

WHILE READING
a) As you read mark with a tick () or a cross (x) according to
your style.

74
 UNLaM – DPU
Inglés Nivel I

Exam Preparation Tips

Exams are an important part of your academic life. There are many ways to
prepare for exams. Below is a guide with tips on how to study for exams.

Begin studying early

- Start thinking about the exam from the beginning of the course.
- Revise your notes after each lecture/class.
- Start revising about four weeks before your exams.
- Don’t cram the night before because it is impossible to memorise so much
information all at once.

Organise your time

- Design a study planner to organise your time.
- Revise lecture notes.
- Don’t study for longer than 50 minutes. It’s better to study for short periods
with total concentration.
- Don’t study when you’re tired. It’s better to get a good night’s sleep after a
short study period, than to continue until 2am.

Organise your subject material

- Gather the materials for each subject.
- If you missed a lecture, borrow copies of lecture notes from another student.
- Rewrite your notes to remember them.
- Ask yourself questions to see if you can remember what you just read.

Study hard BUT set limits

- Don’t study for longer than 50 minutes without taking a break.
- Don't try to study the entire course in one sitting.
- Review any previous exam papers for your course.

The day of the exam

- Get a good night sleep the night before.
- If your exam is in the morning, wake up early.
- Eat a good breakfast.
- Arrive early.

In the exam room

- Listen carefully to the instructor’s instructions.
- Read the entire exam before you start to write.
- Use the marking scheme to allocate your time.
- Answer the easy questions first.
- When you finish, take some time to re-read your work for any errors or
omissions.
- Attempt to answer all questions.

Adapted from: https://student.unsw.edu.au/exam-preparation

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AFTER READING
Answer the following questions.
1. What is the advantage of beginning to study early?
............................................................................................
2. Why is it ineffective to study when you are tired?
............................................................................................
3. Is it right to ask a peer for his/her lecture notes if you were
absent from a class? Why?
............................................................................................
4. What should you do the day of the exam?
............................................................................................
5. In the exam room, do you need to revise your work? Why?
............................................................................................

VOCABULARY BUILDING
On exam preparation
assessment handouts
approach allocate one’s time
cram attempt
read through in/at one sitting
a study planner

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GRAMMAR STOP
The imperative mood

 We use the imperative in many different ways, for example, to give

instructions and orders, to make suggestions and requests, and to give
warnings or advice.

 It has the same form as the infinitive without to. Examples:

- Begin studying for exams early.

- Design a weekly study planner.

- On the day of the exam, wake up early.

- Revise your exam before handing it in.

 We make the negative imperative with don’t/do not + infinitive.

Examples:

- Don’t study for longer than 50 minutes without a break.

- Don’t try to study the entire course in one sitting.

- Do not memorise a lot of information.

- Don’t cheat at exams.

 Examples of warnings:

- Stop! There is an instructor coming.

- Have a seat please, separated from your peer.

- Don’t bring your mobile phone to the exam room.

CHECK YOUR PROGRESS – (with key)

a) Complete the definitions with one item from the
Vocabulary Building section.

1. A diagram with a proposed course of action for studying is a

................................
2. An examination for evaluation is .........................

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3. To ....................... is to study hastily for an imminent

examination.
4. If you study the course.........................., you do it during one
period without stopping.
5. ............................ are sheets of paper containing topical
information, distributed to people attending a class, lecture,
etc.
6. To distribute the time for different activities or specific exercises
in exams is to ..........................
7. ............................ is the method used in completing a task or
activity.
8. To try to do something or resolve a problem is to
............................
9. When you .............. your exam ................., you read it
carefully from beginning to end to check details or find
mistakes.

b) Match the following columns.

1. Organise a. cram for it. Just do what you can.

2. Begin b. your time as from today.

3. Ask c. the class notes first.

4. Read d. your instructor to explain what you

don’t understand.

5. Don’t e. studying now!

c) Imagine an exam context for the following examples and

mark the appropriate function of the imperative in each
case.

1. “Don’t look at your cell phone again!”, said the invigilator.

a) advice b) order c) suggestion

2. “First, read all the exam carefully. Then, start writing.”

a) warning b) order c) instruction

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3. “Make your answers as short as possible.”

a) suggestion b) instruction c) order

4. “Don’t answer difficult questions first.”

a) request b) instruction c) warning

5. “Revise the exam carefully before handing in.”

a) instruction b) advice c) order

6. “Please, turn off your cell phones now.”

a) order b) advice c) request

d) You are with your classmate. Reply to him/her by making

suggestions or giving advice.

1. I have a difficult exam next week.

2. The subject material is hard.
3. I don’t think I will cover all the contents for the exam, but I
will sit for it anyway.
4. Algebra is very difficult for me.
5. I need to prepare myself for the exam really well.

e) What warnings will you give to the following

statements?

1. I prefer to write a lot in response to every exam question.

....................................................................................
2. If I cannot remember something, I will continue with the
next question.
....................................................................................
3. I don’t know how to begin studying!
....................................................................................
4. I will stay awake studying all night.
....................................................................................
5. The exam is tomorrow and I am a bunch of nerves!
....................................................................................

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f) According to the text, are the following habits good or

bad to prepare your exams? Use the adjectives in the box
to complete the sentences.

useful – useless – effective – ineffective –

possible– impossible - important

1. It’s ……………………………………… to study for two hours

without a break.
2. It’s ……………………………………… to rewrite your notes.
3. It’s ……………………………………… to cram the night before.
4. It’s ……………………………………… to attempt to answer all
questions.
5. It’s ……………………………………… to memorize all the
information the day before the exam.
6. It’s ……………………………………… to listen to the tutor’s
instructions.

g) Think about your ways to prepare exams. Write down a

paragraph with positive habits and negative habits you
have. Use frequency adverbs. Do not lie about it!

............................................................................................
............................................................................................
............................................................................................
............................................................................................
............................................................................................
............................................................................................
.....................................................................................

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MODULE 3 - Section 2

BEFORE READING
1. How strict are exam regulations at UNLaM?
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
2. What subjects in your programme have the most inflexible
tutors at midterm exams?
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………

READING

University of Mercia: Admission Examination Rules

1. Candidates must write their full name and examination number at the top
of the first page, and their examination number in the top right-hand
corner of all the other pages.

2. Candidates must write in fountain pen, ball-point pen, or felt-tip pen.

They must not write in pencil.

3. Candidates should read all the questions carefully.

4. Candidates may contact the invigilator/tutor only once for a question

about the examination paper.

5. All candidates must answer four questions. They must answer question 1
and three more questions from items 2-15.

6. Candidates must not bring electronic equipment into the examination

room.

7. Candidates must not speak during the examination.

8. Candidates must not bring food or drink into the examination room.

9. All candidates must stop writing immediately at the end of the

examination.
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AFTER READING
a) Circle true or false. Then transfer the corresponding
letter to the boxes below.
T F
1. At Mercia University, there is an inflexible procedure V F
for exams.
2. Candidates may use their mobiles during the exam. M I
3. Candidates should read all exam instructions C D
attentively.
4. Candidates may write in pencil. A T
5. Candidates mustn’t talk during the exam. O N
6. Candidates mustn’t communicate with the invigilator. S R
7. Candidates must solve 4 questions in all. Y L

b) What about the admission exam at UNLaM? Is the

procedure as strict as in Mercia University?

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

VOCABULARY BUILDING
On examinations at University
admission/entrance exam examiner retake an exam
exam paper examine a top or full/high/low mark
mock exam invigilator a pass mark
midterm/final exam invigilate a bare pass
rubrics give an exam (professor) ungraded
set take/sit (for) an exam a fail
test (student) a crib/crib or cheat sheet
multiple-choice pass an exam
fail an exam
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GRAMMAR STOP

Modal verbs

Modal verbs are used to communicate a personal attitude towards the

message. They are always the first word in a verb group and are written
before the subject in questions. They do not normally indicate the time
when something happens.

Below there is a list of modal verbs with their primary meanings:

SHOULD: advisability
MUST: stronger sense of obligation - necessity
MUSTN’T: prohibition
MAY: possibility

Examples:

- Invigilators should inform students about the exam regulations.

- Students must write in ink.

- Students mustn’t cheat at exams.

- Students may wear informal clothes when they attend classes.

- Students may take calculators to exams.

CHECK YOUR PROGRESS – (with key)

a) Read the following definitions and complete the gaps with
one item from the Vocabulary building section.

1. ……………………………: Someone who watches students who are

taking an examination to make sure that they do not cheat.

2. ……………………………: Giving you several answers from which you

have to choose the one that you think is correct.

3. ……………………………: An examination that you take for practice

before a real one.

4. ……………………………: To take an examination again because you

failed it on the previous occasion.

5. ……………………………: Not good enough to pass an examination.

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6. ……………………………: A sheet of paper containing information that

a student uses dishonestly in an examination.

7. ……………………………: A mark given to a student to show that

his/her test or exam is extremely bad.

8. ……………………………: Instructions to a candidate in an

examination paper

b) Complete the following sentences with an appropriate

modal verb. Sometimes more than one option is possible
but with different meaning.

mustn’t – must– should – may

1. The concepts of inclusion and equality ………………… be supported

by all universities.
2. The knowledge and skills that universities help students to
acquire ………………………. also help them to build a career.
3. Going to university ……………….....lead to new ways of seeing the
world.
4. At university everyone ………………… learn or work to their full
potential.
5. We believe that a diverse and inclusive culture ………………..result
in a more effective and productive Higher Education workforce.
6. You ………………………….. sign your exam.
7. You ………………………. use your mobile at exams.
8. Students ……………………… write in blue or black ink in exams.

c) Answer the following questions about you.

1. What should you do when you have a problem with English?

.........................................................................................
2. What may you do in your next summer holidays?
.........................................................................................
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3. What must you do every day?

.........................................................................................
4. What should you do before sitting an exam?
.........................................................................................
5. What mustn’t you do when sitting an exam?
.........................................................................................

d) Complete this chart with new vocabulary from this module.

English Spanish English Spanish

summarise resumir

GRAMMAR STOP
Answers to WHY questions

We can answer a WHY question either with because OR sometimes it is

possible to answer with to infinitive. Examples:

Why did the Chinese student go to the professor’s office?

Because he wanted to thank him.
To thank him.

a) Answer these questions with because and/or to infinitive.

1. Why are there admission exams or entrance courses at
universities?
……………………………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………………………….
2. Why is it useful to rewrite your notes before an exam?
……………………………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………………………….
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3. Why should students design a study planner?

……………………………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………………………….
4. Why can’t students use their mobile phones in an exam?
……………………………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………………………….
5. Why is UNLaM constantly building new facilities?
……………………………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………………………….
6. Why do universities have a motto?
……………………………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………………………….
7. Why do university professors do research?
……………………………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………………………….
8. Why do professionals attend postgraduate courses?
……………………………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………………………….
9. Why do university students need a computer?
……………………………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………………………….
10. Why are you studying at university?
……………………………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………………………….
11. Why do you want to be a professional?
……………………………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………………………….
12. Why do you want a good job?
……………………………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………………………….
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CULTURE CORNER: Exam grades

Desirable/passing grades: A, B or C // A+, B+ or C+ // Very good.

Summa cum laude: the highest level of degree at a college or university in

the US. Example: He graduated summa cum laude from Stanford.

Magna cum laude: the second-highest level of degree at a college or

university in the US.

Cum laude: used in diplomas to grant the lowest of three special honors for
grades above the average.

Distinction: a very high mark in an examination.

Certificate of Merit: In the US, a certificate to recognize students for their

outstanding effort throughout a term.

Undesirable grades/Ungraded: D, E or F.
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EXTENSIVE READING
The Appointment in Samarra
by Somerset Maugham

There was a merchant in Bagdad who sent his servant to

market to buy provisions and in a little while the servant came back,
white and trembling. He explained to his Master that when he was in
the marketplace, he met a woman in the crowd and when he turned,
he saw she was Death. She looked at him and made a threatening
gesture. The servant asked his Master to lend him his horse, to ride
away from Bagdad and avoid his fate. He decided to go to Samarra
and there Death would not find him.
The merchant lent him his horse, and the servant mounted it,
and he rode off as fast as the horse could gallop. Then the merchant
went down to the marketplace and saw a woman in black standing in
the crowd. He came to her and asked her why she had made a
threatening gesture to his servant when they met that morning. She
was confused and said that she hadn’t made any threatening gesture,
and admitted that she was surprised to see him in Bagdad because
she had an appointment with his servant that night in Samarra.
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Answer the following questions.

1. Where does the story take place?

.........................................................................................

2. Who are the three characters in the story?

.........................................................................................

3. Why did the servant go to the market?

.........................................................................................

4. Which character experiences a conflict, and what is that

conflict?

.........................................................................................

5. What idea do you think “the threatening gesture”

communicated?

.........................................................................................

6. Why was the woman confused?

.........................................................................................

6. Why did the servant go to Samarra?

.........................................................................................

7. What happened to the servant that night in Samarra? And why?

....................................................................................
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TALKING POINT
Expressing agreement and disagreement with your peers’
opinions

Useful words to express your opinion:

I have no doubt that … I think/consider/find that …
I am sure/certain that … I feel/believe/suppose that ...

Useful words to express your agreement:

I agree. It’s right.
That’s right. I think the same.

Useful words to express your disagreement:

I am afraid that is not quite true. I don't agree (with you/him).
I take a different view. I don't agree with what you say.

a) Answer the questions below, and then agree or disagree

with your peers’ opinion. Analyse the following example.

Tutor: Can we change destiny?

St 1: I think we can.
St 2: I don’t agree with what you say. We cannot change our karma.

1. Can you study all the subjects contents in one sitting?

2. Is taking down notes a waste of time?
3. Is it a good idea to go to bed early the day before the exam?
4. Is it difficult to organise your time to study for exams?
5. Are there second opportunities?
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b) Write down a dialogue based on your selected questions,

giving your opinions and agreeing or disagreeing with
your peers.

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
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VIDEO TIME
Log in and watch the video entitled A Guide for Exams at
Cardiff University and do the following activities.

WHILE WATCHING

a) Number the following exam procedures at Cardiff

University.

 The invigilator tells the students when to start the exam. ..…
 At Cardiff University, before entering the classrooms, learners
check their seat number. ..…
 An invigilator checks learners’ identity. ..…
 The invigilator tells the learners when to stop writing. ..…
 Learners must leave their belongings before sitting. ..…
 Learners must turn off their cell phones and put them in a box
under their seat. ..…
 Candidates can leave the room when the invigilator tells them. ..…
 Candidates must fill in an attendance card. ..…

b) Compare the procedures above between exams at Cardiff

and exams at UNLaM. Are they similar  or different x?

c) What has called your attention?

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
d) After the comparison, what conclusions can you make?
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
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MODULE 4
UNIVERSITY AND TECHNOLOGY

Technopole at UNLaM

Topics Functions Structures

- Digital literacy - Making predictions - Future Simple: will, be

going to.
- Universities and - Describing future
technology: Will intentions
education be more - First type conditional
democratic? - Making suppositions
about the future - Linking words:when,
- Graduation dreams after, before, if, so.

Fiction

Poem University Life

By Dowell Ighohwo Oba

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Section 1

BEFORE READING
What do these logos represent?

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READING

How digitally literate are you?

Let’s take a quiz to see

Give yourself one point for each form of digital

technology listed below if you can honestly say you are a
real pro (or at least pretty competent):

1. Email
2. Texting, chatting, whatsapping and instant messaging
3. I am very good at two or more elements of the Microsoft Office Suite (Word, PPT,
Excel, PUB, OneNote).
4. I participate in discussion forums and media sharing.
5. I have used online telecommunications application software with video chat tools
like Skype and can initiate a discussion without pulling out my hair.
6. I create content that I post on the Web or regularly repost interesting content I
find on the Web.
7. I utilize cloud computing.
8. I regularly use smart phone features other than telephone.
9. I have used Quicken, QuickBooks or other accounting and business software.
10. I have taken at least three online courses.
11. I blog or read blogs regularly.
12. I download content from the Web to an MP3 or iPod/iPad device for regular
listening.
13. I usehomebanking.
14. I have more than one user generated online profile.
15. I regularly use at least two of these platforms: LinkedIn, Facebook, Twitter,
YouTube, Google+.
16. I have participated in a crowdsourcing event or I know what the term
crowdsourcing means.

How did you do?

Checked 13 to 16 items? You are a digital pro! Congratulations! You have been paying
attention to the changing world. Yahoo!

Checked 8 to 12 items? Good job! You have room to improve but you know how to
handle yourself around some pretty complicated modern technology. Yeah!

Checked less than 8? Sorry but you need to improve your digital literacy to get
ahead in the modern work world. Some might even call you digitally illiterate. Boo!

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VIDEO TIME
Log in and watch the video entitled Digital Literacy and Why it
Matters and do the following activities.

From 0:00 to 0:56

a) Tick () the right boxes if you listen to the following
sequences or tick () the wrong boxes if you don’t listen to
them.Then transfer the corresponding letter to the boxes
below.
R W
1. “What does it mean?” C W
2. “Why is it important? O R
3. “DL is about knowing how to use a computer.” O N
4. “You need a certain level of DL to turn a computer on.” G N
5. “Some people use DL to upload material.” G R
6. “You need DL skills to use homebanking.” I A
7. …”Whereas others don’t engage with them at all.” T S
8. “DL is necessary to book a hotel abroad.” I S

From 0:56 to 2:10

b) Answer the following questions.

1. In what areas is it important to have the appropriate skills?

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………...
2. What does “ICT” stand for?
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………...
3. Is collaborating online an aspect of DL?
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………...
4. Does DL also imply evaluating the authenticity of digital material?
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………...

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VOCABULARY BUILDING

Technology
text (v) smart phone features crowdsourcing
software blog (v) cloud computing
tool download (v) online profile
post (v) device repost (v)
digital dashboard

a) Tick () the expressions used in our context. Can you add
more?

1.  to back up files: to make a copy of files in case of a computer

problem

2.  to bookmark a webpage: to mark a webpage for future reference

3.  to browse websites: to look at websites

4.  to cut and paste: to move text or images from one place to

another

5.  digital editing: to edit digital materials like audio or video files

6.  to download: to save a copy of a file from the internet to your own

device

7.  a gadget: a technological tool like a mobile phone or camera

8.  to go online: to start using the Internet

9.  to navigate a website: to find your way around a website

10. social media: media used to interact with other people such
asFacebook

11. to upgrade: to obtain a more powerful computer or piece of

software

12. wireless network: a network where users can access the Internet
without the use of fixed cables

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CULTURE CORNER:Interjections
When are they used?

Bravo! Aha!
Oops! Cheers!

Ahem: The sound of someone clearing their throat and means “attention” or
“listen”.
Boo: Used to scare someone or to voice disapproval.
Eh: This is used when you didn’t hear or understand what someone said.
Hmm: This can mean you are thinking or hesitating.
Jeez: Could mean you can’t believe something, or you are exasperated.
Ooh-la-la: A slightly comical way to refer to something as fancy or special.
Oops: An exclamation people use when they accidentally do something.
Wow: This can show surprise or amazement.
Yahoo: Expresses joy or happiness.
Yeah: This shows a very strong affirmation or approval.
Yoo-hoo: This is used to get someone’s attention and is usually used by
women.

Do we ever use them in our context?

………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
Are they similar to our Spanish interjections?
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

a) Which word is not …

1. a platform? LinkedIn – YouTube – E-Mail – Google+

2. social media? Chatting – LinkedIn – Twitter – File
3. related to DL? Blogging – Crowdsourcing – Skype – Literate
4. online? Word – Blog – Cloud – Navigate
5. in Office? Excell – PowerPoint – Quicken – Word
6. related to files? Browse – Upload – Download – Save
7. a verb? Upload – Upgrade – Back Up – Wireless
8. an interjection? Yeah – PhD – Yahoo – Oops

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Section 2

BEFORE READING
How do you imagine education in 50 years’ time?
.......................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................

WHILE READING
Underline in the article an idea that shows that the future is
already here.

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WILL EDUCATION BE MORE DEMOCRATIC?

In fifty years, half of American higher education may be a third-

colleges and universities will party website, not the university
disappear. The technology causing itself. Courses from numerous
this change is at work, and nothing universities will be available on a
can stop it. Access to university single website. The university will
education will be free; campus will simply upload the content.
become obsolete; many professors Anyone who can access the
will lose their jobs; the bachelor’s internet can access the teachings of
degree will become irrelevant. the greatest scholars of our time.
Streaming videos will replace Apparently, technology is a great
the live lecture. Exams and equalizer. Although not everyone is
coursework over the internet will willing or capable of taking
become the norm. Universities will advantage of these resources, the
have no geographical boundaries. All opportunity will be there.
of this will become less expensive However, if students do not
than traditional college education. have a computer, they will not have
Power will shift from selective access to the Internet. If they do not
university admissions to educational have access to the Internet, they will
consumers who may attend any not be digitally literate. If they are
university online. Elite universities not digitally literate, they will not
will be the winners in the higher-ed have access to higher education. Will
revolution. education be more democratic?
The primary platform for

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AFTER READING
a) These ideas are extracted from the article. What do they
mean? Circle the right option.

1. In fifty years, half of American colleges and universities will

disappear.
a. In fifty years’ time, there will be fewer American
universities.
b. In fifty years’ time, there will be no American universities.

2. The bachelor’s degree will become irrelevant.

a. A BA will not be important.
b. Degrees will be useless.

3. Streaming videos will replace the live lecture.

a. Holograms will deliver classes.
b. Online lessons will substitute for traditional lessons.

4. Exams and coursework over the internet will become the norm.
a. Online evaluation and practice will be usual.
b. Online evaluation and practice can be usual.

5. All this will become less expensive than traditional college

education.
a. Online education will be more expensive.
b. Online education will be cheaper.

6. Elite universities will be the winners in the higher-ed revolution.

a. Expensive universities will become more prestigious.
b. Influential colleges will survive in this future change.

7. The primary platform for higher education may be a third-party

website, not the university itself.
a. Universities may not be in charge of the main platform.
b. Universities will not be in charge of the main platform.

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8. Apparently, technology is a great equalizer.

a. Technology gives everybody the same opportunities.
b. Education gives everybody the same opportunities.

9. Although not everyone is willing or capable of taking advantage

of these resources, the opportunity will be there.
a. There will be chances for everyone. It depends on power.
b. There will be opportunities for everyone. It depends on
people.

b) Can you answer the question in the title of the text?

.........................................................................................
.........................................................................................
.........................................................................................

c) Do you agree with the following ideas extracted from the

text? Why? Why not?

1. Access to university will be free.

………………………………………………………………………………………………………
2. Streaming videos will replace the live lecture.
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
3. Elite universities will be the winners in the higher-ed
revolution.
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
4. Although not everyone is willing or capable of taking
advantage of technological resources, the opportunity will be
there.
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
5. If learners do not have a computer, they will not have access
to the Internet.
………………………………………………………………………………………………………

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d) Answer the following questions.

1. Do you think the future for UNLaM will be similar?

………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
2. Will technology be dominant? Why? Why not?
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
3. Will distance education replace classroom courses? Why? Why
not?
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
4. If you are not digitally literate, will you get a job easily?
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
5. If distance learning is more and more popular, will university
campuses disappear?
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………

GRAMMAR STOP
Talking about the future

WILL + INFINITIVE VERB

Negative form: WILL NOT or WON’T

Statements: Subject + will (not) + bare infinitive + …

Questions: (WH) Will (not) +subject + bare infinitive + …?

 To make a prediction about the future with no concrete evidence in the

present. Examples:

There will (probably*) be more virtual participation in 2050.

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- Distance education will (surely/probably*) make it harder for everyone to

get a true university experience which includes a social environment.

FIRST TYPE CONDITIONAL

 To make suppositions about the future, the first type conditional can be
used. Example:

- If people are not digitally literate, they will (probably*) not get a job.

Statements: Subject + will (not) + bare infinitive + … IF + Subject +

simple present verb form + …

Questions: (WH) Will (not) +subject + bare infinitive + … IF +

Subject + simple present verb form + …?

*Some adverbs may be used to lower the degree of certainty conveyed by

will.

CHECK YOUR PROGRESS - (with key)

a) Match the following sentences.

1. Tutors will lose their jobs a. if campuses become obsolete?

2. If there is more competition b. if they are not digitally literate?
3. If learners don’t like ICTs c. if streaming video is the norm.
4. Will learners succeed d. courses will probably be cheaper.
5. Will tutors lose their jobs e. they will fail.
6. Will exams be easier f. if they are online?

b) Complete the following sentences.

1. If university students adapt to the demands for IT skills,

......................................................................................

2. Technology will give students opportunities to achieve

learning goals if .............................................................

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3. If universities adopt digital innovations, …………………………………

…………………………………………………………………………………………………..

4. If the network is slow, ....................................................

......................................................................................

5. Tutors won’t keep their jobs if ..........................................

......................................................................................

6. If universities don’t promote digital literacy, ........................

......................................................................................

c) In this word search, find ten words: Then,

write the correct word next to its definition.

d) Finally, complete the box below with a message using

the letters left.

F W H A T I D A O L P U

R S R E Z I L A U Q E W

E R O N G W I T H E D U

E C A T I O N S H I F T

C A E N N O T B E F I N

X E C I N C R E A S E A

D W R I T H T E C H N V

E O U L O G Y T E C H E

E N O O L O G Y A L O L

R N S A V A I L A B L E

G E E I S N O T E N O R

E U R G H S T E V E J R

D L E C T U R E O B S I

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Clues:
1. Costing nothing: ………………..
2. Not important or connected with a situation: ....................
3. The qualification obtained by students who successfully
complete a university or college course: ………………………
4. A talk that is given to a group of people to teach them about
a particular subject, often as part of a university or college
course: …………………………
5. To change from one state or position to another:
....................
6. To become or to make something greater in number, value,
etc.: ....................
7. That you can get, buy or find: ....................
8. To send data to another computer that is set up to receive
it: ....................
9. A person or thing that equalizes: ………………………………
10. Somethingthat provides information for teachers and
students, for example a book, a magazine: ………………………….

“- - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
- -
- - - - - - - - - - - - - -. - - - - - - -
- -
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - .”
- - - - - - - -
-

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e) Use this chart to make sentences about education in the

future.

Nothing will be thousands of students.

The university will be live lectures.
campus
There will be their jobs.
There will become technology.
Many professors will enrol winners and losers.
Elite universities will replace opportunities for everyone.
Video classes can stop cheaper than traditional
instruction.
Online education may lose obsolete.

1. …………………………………………………………………………………………………
2. …………………………………………………………………………………………………
3. …………………………………………………………………………………………………
4. …………………………………………………………………………………………………
5. …………………………………………………………………………………………………
6. …………………………………………………………………………………………………
7. …………………………………………………………………………………………………
8. …………………………………………………………………………………………………
9. …………………………………………………………………………………………………
10. …………………………………………………………………………………………………

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f) In groups, complete this glossary with new vocabulary

from the article Will education be more democratic?

English Spanish English Spanish

enrol Inscriber

Log in for further practice.

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Section 3

WHILE READING

a) Can you solve the anagrams in their names? They show their
future professions.

1. ………………………………………………… 4. …………………………………………………
2. ………………………………………………… 5. …………………………………………………
3. ………………………………………………… 6. …………………………………………………

After Graduation … What’s Next?

We asked advanced undergraduates about their intentions after university, these

are their answers:

C. Trood, from Atlanta: “I am going to look for an opportunity that can give me
practical exposure of subject. I am going to start my job search the day after I
get my degree.”

Lisa J. Troun, from Washington: “College was a place that taught me arts and
techniques about my field but now I am going to look for a place that will
provide me a field where I can demonstrate my skills and gain greater hold on
them by constant application.”

Eni Green, from Plymouth: “I’ll tell you a secret. I’m going to apply for a job in
Argentina. I went and stayed there during my gap year and I just fell in love
with this country.”

Igis K. Sotoneli, from Milan: “I know I am going to miss university so I’m

planning to enroll in an online postgraduate course. I’m not sure yet!”

Tan Tocucan, from Tokyo: “As most of the work in my field can be done online,
I’m going to travel and work at the same time.”

Leo R. Wackrois, from Warsaw: “There are many countries that need to
improve their social policies. So I will work abroad. I’m going to move to a Latin
American country because I want to learn Spanish too.”
 UNLaM – DPU
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AFTER READING
Do you feel identified with any of them? If so, who with and why?
If not, write down your answer.

.......................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................

GRAMMAR STOP
AM/ARE/IS (NOT) GOING TO + INFINITIVE VERB

 To make a prediction based on present, concrete evidence:

- In the near future, some institutions are going to include more online
courses.

Statements: Subject + am/is/are (not) + going to infinitive + …

Questions: (Wh) Am/Is/Are (not) + Subject + going to infinitive + …?

 To express intention or future decision:

- Students from across the world are going to attend university courses online.

LINKING WORDS

If, after, before, when, so.

 To connect two ideas in a sentence:

To express a condition in a cause/effect relation: if

- If I graduate in five years’, I will enroll in an MA.

To show time: after, before, when

- I don’t know what I’m going to do after I graduate.
- Before I graduate, I want to lie on my own.
- I’m going to give a party when I graduate to celebrate with my friends.

To express consequence: so
- I am going to miss university so I’m planning to enroll in an online course.
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CHECK YOUR PROGRESS – (with key)

a) Fill in the blanks with the correct form of the verb. Use
“going to”.

Graduation dreams

1. Steven Kiernan, 23, has two dreams: One is to become a PE

teacher and the other is to invite all his friends to his university
graduation.
“I ...................................... (study) hard so that I can make my
dream come true. The day I get my college diploma, I
………………………… (invite) all my high school friends. And then, I
………………………… (give) a party!”

2. Sylvia Atwood is studying Nutrition. She is a single mother. She

rents a small house where she lives with her three-year-old
daughter. She is making every effort to graduate as soon as
possible. She has a hard life.
“I am sure I will not graduate until Jenny is about 10. Anyway, I
…………………………………. (not drop out). Even if it takes me 10 years
to get my degree, I will getit! I’m really determined to be a
nutritionist so that my little girl can have a better life.”

3. Sandra Day wants to be a nurse. She lives near the university and
is working at the town hospital. She is a receptionist there.
“What …………………………… (I - do) when I graduate? I don’t know.
Probably, I will moveto the countryside. I know that there’s a lot to
do here, but I want to work with the natives. It
………………………………….. (be) more difficult to settle down there, but I
want to work in rural areas.”
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b) Complete the sentences with the following connectors: if,

so, after, when, before. In some cases, more than one
possibility can be accepted.

1. ………….......... I get a job, I will move by myself.

2. ………….......... my father graduated, it was not necessary to be
digitally literate.
3. After graduation, I won’t attend any postgraduate course
……………………. I’m going to focus on my job as a professional.
4. I left the room …………............ I finished the exam because I
didn’t know the answers.
5. Universities will be less expensive …………............ distance
learning becomes the norm.
6. The day …………............ I graduate I’m going to give a party.

c) Vocabulary check. What could be the next word in these

series? Be ready to account for your word choice.

1. to blog – to download – to upgrade – …………………………

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………
2. industrial – mechanical – civil – ………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………
3. to back up – to browse – to bookmark – ………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………
4. can – can’t – will – …………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………
5. junior – senior – fresher– …………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………
6. worse – better – younger –…………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………
7. laboratory – library – canteen – …………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………
8. hate – love – enjoy – …………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………
9. was – gave – left– …………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………
10. invigilator – exams – pass – …………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………
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d) Match the two columns.

1. There will be a. will increase their number of

students.
2. I am taking
b. teachers will lose their jobs.
3. Prestigious universities
c. fewer opportunities for teachers.
4. I neverparticipate d. to drop out any subjects this term.
e. two online courses now.
5. If online courses replace universities
f. to miss university when I
6. Degrees will not be reliable
graduate.
7. I am not going g. if there is not control over online
exams.
8. I am going
h. in forums.

e) Unjumble the following questions.

1. do – how often – print out – download – you – and – academic files

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………...?
I always download academic files and print them out.

2. 20 – will – university campuses – years’ time – disappear – in

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………...?
No, I don’t think they will disappear in 20 years’ time.

3. will – future – literate – job – people – not – they – are – digitally –

get – a – in – if – the
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………...?
If people are not digitally literate?Hmm… I don’t know.

4. ICTs – to – access – will – have – everybody

…………………………………………………………………………………………………..........?
Not everybody will have access.
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5. are – what – after – to – graduate – going – you – you – do

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………...?
I am going to look for a better job.Defintely!

6. after – graduate – going – you – you – enrol – to – are – MA – an –

for
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………...?
No, I’m not going to enrol for an MA yet.

f) Read this ad carefully and then tick the right column.

WANTED for University Library

Undergraduate Social W. female
stud. Part time.
2-3 year work. exper.
Dig. Literacy.
Proficient in Span. & Portug.

The person who applies for this job: yes no

1. must be a university student.

2. can be a man.

3. should be studying social work.

4. may travel abroad.

5. will work eight hours a day.

6. may be digitally literate.

7. must be able to communicate in Spanish and

Portuguese.
 UNLaM – DPU
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Log in for further practice.

TALKING POINT
a) Read the following puzzle and give your opinion, agree and
disagree with your peers. Always support your position with
an argument.

Once upon a time, in a far away country, there was an old and
cruel King. The King was angry because people often told him lies.
He wanted people to tell him the truth. One day he said, “I will cut
off the head of anyone who tells a lie.”

Some soldiers brought a man to the King. “He always tells lies”,
they said.
“Ah!” said the King, “You must tell me the truth. You can say one
sentence. If it is true, you will live, and I will give you gold. But if
you tell me a lie, I will cut off your head immediately.”

The man thought for a while. “You will cut off my head,” he said.

b) Will the King cut off the man’s head? Why? Why not? Write
down your answer.

................................................................................................
................................................................................................
................................................................................................
................................................................................................
.............................................................................................
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END-OF-TERM READING
BEFORE READING

Make predictions about the content of this poem.

………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

University Life
by Dowell Ighohwo Oba, Nigeria.
As a freshman in the university
Dropped off by father
Together with luggage
You know no one,
To feel a little bit lonely
A little bit intimidated.

The usual social groups

You immediately identify,
The frivolous boys and girls laugh
And joke as if they own the world.

The long and short alike,

Black coated guys,
Clothes of different colours,
Badly dyed hairdo,
Too many ear piercings
For both sexes
And guys with so much guts
Rove around the campus.

The baggy trousers and shirts

Of the gangster crowd
Belie their sullen, semicriminal look,
The girls attracted to them
Dress in spandex-outlined
Flesh-flashing contrast.

Dark-rimmed glasses
Of the studious types
Slide down their noses
As they carry their books along.

Whoa! What a strange place

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A strange parade of people.
Everyone tries so hard to fit in
With some group.

You're faced with a challenge

To pick a few good friends
From this modern menagerie
Called university life.

AFTER READING

a) How does the writer feel about university life?

………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..

b) Extract from the text two ideas that you agree with.
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..