Retail Marketing - Unit 4 & 5
Retail Marketing - Unit 4 & 5
Retail Marketing - Unit 4 & 5
As soon as a company enters a new market, it strives for market penetration. The main
objective behind the market penetration strategy is to launch a product, enter the market as
swiftly as possible and finally, capture a sizeable market share. Market penetration is also,
sometimes used as a measure to know whether a product is doing well in the market or not.
a company, but invariably brings a solid growth potential and an increase in revenue
generation. A company trying to adopt the concepts of market penetration must remember to
also implement specific plans and tactics to challenge the competitors and boost sales figures.
However, it must also be considered that market penetration can be a risky affair and has
More commonly, this technique is useful whenever a business is selling prevailing products
in an ongoing market. Marketers must take into consideration the relevant market
development or expansion grid data to decide actually, which penetration tactic to adopt? In
other words, the market may be saturated or it may be in an intense competition scenario or
the products may have low turnaround time. Now, what should be the best tactic for all of
these different scenarios? Well, the answer to this question lies in the type of strategy you
adopt. And yes, there are quite a few different penetration tactics to choose from. So without
1. Price Adjustment
The strategy of Price Adjustment is one of the most widely used market penetration tactics. A
example could be lowering the price of a product or service with the aim of increasing sales
is a price adjustment tactic. Furthermore, the alteration (increase or decrease) in the price of a
product after analyzing the competitors’ products is also a scenario of price adjustment. But,
in the real sense, this marketing strategy should be used very judiciously as overdoing it can
lead to adverse results. Like, increasing your price consistently may make the customers
believe that you are a company of high-profit motive. Decreasing the price too often would
2. Augmented promotion
The drastic increase in promotion of a product (or service) can lead to dramatic results. For
example, advertising can be a wonderful tool for increasing brand awareness. Companies do
have a choice of making their campaigns long-term or short-term which depends upon their
needs and budget. However, the thing to be considered is that whatever be the size of the
3. Distribution Channels
The strategy of Distribution Channels is one of the most constructive market penetration
strategies. This strategy typically involves opening of new distribution channels by focusing
on a particular distribution channel. For example, if selling through retail outlets is your
primary channel, then you can learn to gain new channels like telemarketing, e-mail
marketing, online marketing, etc. Such opening of new distribution channels pave the way for
more new channels and thus lead to increased market space and overall profitability.
4. Improving Products
It is true that to really appeal to your customers, you must improve your product quality.
However, sometimes by communicating to them about the better standard of the product
itself can do the trick and no major improvement in the product may be needed. This is
because most consumers are encouraged to buy a product just by its appeal and do not
necessarily check whether it proves itself or not. Thus, only by doing slight adjustments with
the product and it’s packaging you can appeal more strongly and increase your sales revenue.
5. Upsurge Usage
A very potent method of market penetration is that of increased usage of any product or
would lead to an upsurge in product use which would thus lead to better market penetration
partially true. Actually, it can be risky too. When a new product is being launched, there
exists the risk of it being successful or not. But, an efficient distribution channel along with a
smooth delivery process makes it sure that the product does meet the expectations. Similarly,
entering a brand new segment of the market can be risky as well. Therefore, it is absolutely
essential to know your market and your product in order to do well and beyond expectations.
An effective way to do this is to properly communicate with the customers and be sensitive to
in a correct and just manner. For example, by minimizing your variable costs, you can boost
your sales and establish a barrier to entry for others. This is why many firms with superior
technology and distinct processes are able to reduce variable costs and earn better gross
margins per item sold. With a substantial share in the market and an efficient marketing
process, your business could create a barrier to entry to prevent competitors from coming into
your industry.
big challenge if you perceive it to be. To overcome the challenge, you need to be more
unique and highly innovative in your approach. A repetitive selling strategy would yield
unsatisfactory results and hinder your growth potential. So, it would be better to think
different and modify your penetration tactics as and when required. By being more innovative
and adding value to your products you enhance your success chances.
9. Diversification
The product penetration tactic of diversification entails manufacturing new products for new
those markets. This strategy is most commonly followed by those businesses in the health
sector, such as hospitals. Hospitals have now diversified their services in the form of long-
term care facilities, reimbursement, network referrals, and utilization. Those firms that have
diversified on opportunities of their strengths have been able to gain the most.
solve such an issue, many of these organizations enter into a kind of strategic alliances with
one another to operate in a particular market. Although strategic alliances can be formed into
many forms, the more common one is the joint venture business, in which each partner
business holds an equity position. The most common and natural strategic alliances are found
Having a good location for retail is one of the crucial impacts in the case of the marketing
strategy of retail because many of the associated long-term decisions and commitments
depend on the location of the retail. Having a good location is one of c primary element in
attracting prospects and customers.
A good retail location as a competitive advantage which cannot be copied by the competition.
One location can occupy one retail store, and time also plays a crucial role along with the
location.
For example, the retail store of Gucci opens up in a particular neighborhood then, and for a
couple of months, that is the store which is going to be the only purchase point of all the
Gucci products for a neighborhood.
If Nike shows up in the same neighborhood after a couple of months, it won’t be possible for
Nike to occupy the same location as of Gucci. Nike store has to be located either very close,
which entirely depends on the availability of the location, or it has to be placed very far from
the Gucci store thereby targeting a different neighborhood and different customers.
Customer proximity is another concern for most of the retail businesses. Several stores can be
opened away from the city with a cheaper budget, but it won’t be possible for the retailers to
bring customers to that particular neighborhood.
Hence the retailers have to think the way customer would think and open a store which would
be convenient for the customers. Since geographically, peoples are spread out at every
possible location, retailers cannot open a store in every neighborhood and instead they have
to think of a Central location which would be accessible by most of the neighborhood within
a particular diameter of the circle.
The retail store should be close to the place of customers. The word to use here has no
quantification, and it cannot be quantified at the store should be located within 1 mile or ten
miles of the customer, and it is a dependent on the locality in the country and the probability
of the retailer.
Because the transportation cost is reduced, it reduces the overall cost of supply chain
management and operations that by everything the retail store and the retail corporation to go
close to the six sigma process.
Having many retail stores nearby also enables the retail corporation to store and bed storage
houses at one convenient place from which most of the retail outlets can be created within no
time. This reduces the wait time and also reduces the ‘No Stock’ incidences in stores.
A well placed retail store can also help to influence the buying habits of the customers.
Customers will always prefer their brand, but most of the times, customers also referred to
avoid a hassle to get to their store and compromise on other brands as well.
For example, a die-hard fan of Pepsi lives in a particular neighborhood, and the availability of
Pepsi is ten blocks away from his place.
Since the person is a die-hard fan of Pepsi, he will make sure to stock up his home
with Axis Pepsi, but there will be times when we will have to walk those blocks or take a
suitable means of transportation to the place and by Pepsi for himself.
1) Solitary sites
These are single small outlets of shops which are separated from different writers, and they
are positioned near other retailers on the roads on the way to shopping centers. Many of the
food and non-food retailers use this type of solitary sites.
The primary advantage of having a solitary site is that it is away from the competition and
provides the services to the customers, which help the customer to zero down on
the product offered by that particular retailer.
These are the locations of retail stores which have evolved over a long period of time and
have multiple outlets in nearby proximities. These are further divided into:
District neighborhood
Location switch on the street or on the motorway which is also known as strip locations.
The advantages of having unplanned shopping areas are that there is very high pedestrian
traffic during working hours and also because of my residential areas. This ensures a constant
pull of customers.
The disadvantage of having unplanned shopping area is that there is a threat of shoplifting
because of which high security is required.
The retail locations which are well planned according to the architecture and provide multiple
out that are under the same roof are called as planned shopping areas. They have huge land
spaces and the collection of major retail brands. Malls, Speciality, and Lifestyle centers are
classified under planned shopping areas.
High visibility to customers and harmful of customers is a major advantage of planned
shopping areas. But the disadvantages are that why security is required, and the cost of
occupancy is also high.
Choosing the right education is crucial in terms of business, as stated above. As such, there
are different rules which govern choosing of location for retail store depending on the nature
of the business and the target audience.
1) Market analysis:
The company has to analyze the market in terms of their product and industry along with the
nature of competition and the presence of competition. The company also has to consider
how old are there in the market and how many some other businesses are there in the current
location.
The paying capacity of the population plays an important role in the evaluation of the
potential of the market, along with the impact of the competition and the product estimation
and demand. The retailer should also have the knowledge of regulations and laws of the
country in which the store is being operated.
4)Identification of alternatives:
Most of the times it so happens that the retailers in hurry of starting the business finalize a
location which costs them a fortune within fact a similar location with similar business
potential would’ve been available somewhere very close which was neglected or overlooked.
A retail store should have a marketing budget depending on the cost of the location, which is
in the third to build the brick and mortar place. The store which is occupying a prime location
and has a good inflow of customers has indeed cost a fortune for the retailer.
In such cases, the marketing budget will be very less since the story is visible to most of the
customers and passers-by. On the contrary, a store which is located away from the main street
should use more marketing campaigns and spend on marketing collaterals in order to attract
more customers to the store.
Factors determining the retail location decisions
This is the first thing that you must consider in the process towards finding your
location. Your retail store location should be consistent with the type of product that
you want to sell and the type of store you want to put up.
You might want to have a traditional specialty store, or might want to sell out of a
kiosk in a mall, or might even want to open a convenience store.
Now you need to be smart about this. Are you looking to get your brand into the
public eye, but at the same time looking for a low-cost option in the initial days of
your business?
Go Pop-Up stores! Or, sell out of a kiosk in a mall. You have various options, like
malls, fairs or festivals, event spaces, etc. These are great ways to bring your brand to
people’s attention.
As the name goes, customers prefer to purchase from here for the convenience of its
location and fast service. These stores mainly sell high-turnover convenience goods in
a limited quantity. The ideal location for these stores would be residential areas.
So, the first step for you would be to decide on whether you want to play the number
game or position yourself as a specialty retailer.
1. Demographics
Six months prior to opening your store, you must start your site selection process.
This is not a very tedious process if you know exactly what to research and analyze.
To make the whole process easier for you, we have listed down the attributes you
must be looking into.
You can always take help from firms that can provide you with all the information
regarding the attributes stated below.
1. Average age: If your store sells modern and trendy outfits, your store should be
located in an area which comprises, or has easy access to, people of a younger age.
An area within a good location in the city where there are colleges or offices around
would be a sensible option.
2. Income: Stores like Nordstrom are located only in affluent areas. This is simply
because if you are selling high-end products, your store should be in a location where
the inhabitants will be able to afford it. Hence, the income of people is an important
consideration.
If you own a store selling high-end products for a niche audience, you should make
the choice between setting up your store at a premium location or a cost-friendly one.
Having your store at a premium location will obviously cost you a much higher rent
per square foot. But at the same time, having it at a cheaper locality where no
customer would turn up is a total waste of investment.
2. Workforce Attributes
Are the kind of employees you are looking for living in an area close to your retail
store location? Will it be easy for them to travel to the store? Are there enough
eateries and hospitals around so as to make things convenient for your employees?
These are some of the questions you must be asking yourself regarding your
employees.
Most new retailers are attracted to malls for this very reason. And what’s more, malls
today recognize the need to support not just big brands but also the up-and-coming
retailers. Hence, shorter leasing options may be available.
It is a smart move to place your store at a point which has businesses around that can
eventually help drive traffic into your own store. Any business or category of product
that is closely related to yours should help your business too.
“Quite simply, the best place to be is as close to your biggest competitor as you can
be,” says Greg Kahn, founder and CEO of Kahn Research Group in Huntersville,
North Carolina.
Kahn makes a very valid point. He says that your competitors have done good
research on the demographics before opening their store there.
4. Footfall
You can make use of sophisticated location analysis tools to understand the traffic
pattern in a certain area. You can understand the optimum level of traffic for a
particular targeted area. Understanding the footfall at your neighboring stores will
help you in a big way to estimate foot traffic at your store.
Footfall gives you visibility, but to drive sales and bring people to your store, in
particular, consider investing in store design and making your store stand out. Don’t
be loud about it, though.
5. Accessibility
Your store should be easily accessible to the common people using public
transportation. Having a store with great quality products in a deserted area would
serve absolutely no purpose.
Also, depending on which area you are opening the store in, take into account aspects
like parking facilities, distance from the nearest subway station, whether the street
you’re located on is a walking street, etc.
6. Leases
Before you enter into a lease, it is advisable to hire a good lawyer who can negotiate the lease
for you. Ask yourself these questions:
Once you have found answers to these questions and feel ready to enter into a lease, you must
then consider doing this:
Keep the initial term short. At the end of the lease term, you can renew it or move out
depending on how your business is performing.
Your lease should have the option to acquire more room when your business expands.
You must find out the estimated costs per month that you will have to pay. Common
Area Maintenance (CAM) charges mostly include parking lot cleaning, repairs, etc.
Formula: Total net sales / Total square foot Sales per square foot is a compelling metric if
you have a physical retail space. Sales per square foot measures how effectively you’re using
the area you have, and sales per square inch is a good indicator of your store’s productivity
while offering insights into store and merchandise layouts. You can visualize these insights
with heat maps of your locations and dig into the data to determine why some merchandise
performs better than others. If one section is performing better than another, it may be due to
the types of products or their arrangement. When you see how the store layout is performing,
then you can improve it and improve sales results. In practice, research in this area has found
that products at eye level are more popular than products higher or lower on shelves.
Formula: Total gross profit / Average inventory cost While this one sounds similar in name
to the baseline gross profits metric, its purpose is a bit different. GMROI measures the profit
you make from the amount you invest in product stock. What this means in practice is that for
every dollar you spend in your inventory, this KPI can tell you how many dollars you get
back. Return on investment is vital to track for a couple of reasons. It offers more nuance
than just sales or profit margins. GMROI generally tracks specific products or categories
rather than inventory as a whole.
Formula: Total sales from transactions / Total distinct count of transactions Sales is a useful
metric overall, but it’s also helpful to know what people are buying and how much they’re
spending each time they come in. Analysts or business teams can track and share these
metrics in a shopping basket analysis dashboard. Average transaction values take sales and
divide them to find out how much on average customers spend in your store each time they
make a purchase.
Conversion rates
Retailers are changing their business formats, store designs, modes of communication with
customers and ways of handling commercial dealings.
Modern retailers are adapting new technology for marketing, retail operations, and
business transactions.
Forward-thinking retailers are using social media to communicate with the
consumers.
With the space crunch, modern retailers have learnt how to use every inch of the floor
constructively.
Apart from opening online retail store, the retailers take the help of Augmented
Reality such as 3D mock-ups to let the customer try the products on themselves.
Retailers are working progressively on delivery of orders that customers placed
through online shopping.
Retailers are bringing something new now and then to charm the customers. Those
places where internet is still not accessible, retailers are exploiting the power of
mobile phones to advertise their products.
Today, the Internet has changed the way products are advertised and the manner of selling-
buying transactions.
Here are some modern innovations in retail −
Modern retail businesses such as malls, specialty stores, and hypermarkets are using
micro development and contemporary technology to increase customers’ shopping
experience and in turn generate business revenue.
Around the year 2000, online retail startups started changing the face of retail
businesses around the world.
Social media websites such as Facebook changed consumer behavior as well as made
retailers sweat out to take the benefits and develop their brands.
Modern e-commerce facilities enable faster transactions and allow purchase on a
simple 30-day credit facility.
E-Tailing
It is nothing but E-Retailing. It is the process of selling or purchasing the products using
Internet for B2B or B2C transactions. E-tailing process includes the customer’s visit to the
website, purchasing products by choosing a mode of payment, product delivery by the
retailer and finally, the customer’s review or feedback.
E-tailing Benefits
Organized retail is a sector which consists of the companies which are associated with
production or sales of goods and services that operates as private limited organizations which
are governed by companies act. The organized retail sector can be characterized as follows
Organized retail is associated with customers walking into the stores for the showrooms and
buying their necessary products. Huge quantities of goods are stocked up in the retail store
and huge discounts which are gained by the company are passed down to the customers.
The retail sector offers prospects to grow a business, but only if you
can deal with the challenges effectively. Integrating digital
technology is one of the biggest hurdles. IT infrastructure
management services like those offered by Fifosyscan help drive
your retail enterprise into success.