2021 PORTER NOVELLI

Business of
Cancel Culture
Study
One Voice.
Years ago, that voice may not have gained too much traction—it may have moved
forward for a bit, or floundered before reaching too many ears. Even armed with
a bullhorn or a bully pulpit, it could be difficult to amplify a message to the
masses. Yet, today a voice can carry. Social media has transformed the impact
of a single voice—it has allowed stories to grow, opinions to become trending
topics and movements to solidify into hashtags. Social media has created power.
Suddenly, one voice has become many, and these voices can no longer be ignored.

Now, collective voices spreading like digital wildfire can sway public opinion.
One misstep or wrong word from a person, a celebrity or brand can put that
entity in a social media maelstrom—when mutual disapproval puts that entity on
the outs. It’s a phenomenon that has come to be known as “cancel culture.”

This research endeavors to understand the mechanics of corporate cancel culture.

Why do we cancel brands—and what do we hope to gain? How long does a
“cancellation” last and what does it take to get back in the good graces of social
media public opinion? These are all questions we unpack here. To bring the
data to life, we’ll also examine four brands that have been recently cancelled to
understand the impact on overall social media conversation, sentiment and the
“shelf life” of an online cancellation. The debate still rages as to whether cancel
culture is good for society or a harsh disavowal inflicted too quickly, but good,
bad or ugly, cancel culture is here and brands must learn how to navigate this
new norm.
Introducing the 2021 Porter Novelli Business of Cancel Culture Study.

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 2021 PORTER NOVELLI BUSINESS OF CANCEL CULTURE STUDY

Contents
04 Unpacking Corporate Cancel Culture

07 Cancel Culture in Practice:

When, Why and for How Long
11 Influencing Issues: What We’ll Cancel
12 Moving Beyond the Cancellation
13 Corporate Cancel Culture Case Studies
22 Final Thoughts

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 2021 PORTER NOVELLI BUSINESS OF CANCEL CULTURE STUDY

Unpacking Corporate
Cancel Culture
Cancel culture has emerged because voice to influence companies. Further,
social media has given power to Americans see cancelling a brand as a
the masses and amplification to the way to not only get attention (69%)
individual. Americans are emboldened for an issue or act, but also change a
to share their opinions and misgivings company's ways (68%).
not only with their own networks but
In the world of cancel culture,
directly with the offending company.
companies are accountable for both
In fact, nearly three-quarters (72%) of
their brand voice but also those of their
Americans feel more empowered than
employees—especially as this relates to
ever before to share their thoughts
leadership. The majority of Americans
or opinions about companies. The
(87%) think companies need to
primary vehicle for sharing this
take responsibility for the words and
feedback is through social media—64
statements of executives.
percent think it has given them a

64
think social media has given them
%

a voice to influence companies

72
feel more empowered than ever before to share
%

their thoughts or opinions about companies

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 2021 PORTER NOVELLI BUSINESS OF CANCEL CULTURE STUDY

No brand is excluded from cancel mistake if it genuinely tries to change.

culture, even those with loyal fans. Further, companies with an authentic
Two-thirds (66%) of Americans say Purpose fare better—as nearly three-
even if they love a company’s products quarters (73%) of Americans say they
or services, they will still cancel that are less likely to cancel a company if
company if it does something wrong it is Purpose-driven. Lastly, we found
or offensive. Yet, there are things that individuals are willing to give first
companies can do to protect from the offenders some leeway, with 84 percent
impacts of cancel culture. The majority saying they are more likely to forgive
of consumers (88%) are more willing a company for a misstep if it’s that
to forgive a company for making a company’s first time making a mistake.

say they are less likely to cancel a

73 %

company if it is Purpose-driven

are more likely to forgive a company for a misstep if

84 %

it’s that company’s first time making a mistake

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 2021 PORTER NOVELLI BUSINESS OF CANCEL CULTURE STUDY

Yet, even the practice of cancelling effective but overused, causing too
companies is divided. While a third many companies to be put on check.
(34%) of Americans believe cancel A further one-in-five think cancel
culture is good for society, in that culture is bad for society overall,
it gets companies or individuals to and the act is used too freely, so that
recognize bad behavior, others have individuals and brands must tread
a less positive view of the act. Thirty lightly at all times.
percent of individuals think it’s

34 %
good for society—it gets companies/
individuals to recognize bad behavior

30 %
effective, but overused—too many companies/
individuals are being cancelled

20 %
bad for society—companies/individuals can’t do or
say anything without being cancelled

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 2021 PORTER NOVELLI BUSINESS OF CANCEL CULTURE STUDY

Cancel Culture in Practice:

When, Why and for How Long
As companies navigate this new world, would cancel a company so that
it’s important to understand the organization changes its ways—either
motivations behind a cancellation. For reversing its stance on an issue or
many Americans, they see this as a tool committing to making improvements
to help companies improve. In fact, internally. A further 27 percent
nearly four-in-10 (38%) Americans say they’d be motivated to cancel a
brand in order to have that company
change its policies related to political
involvement. Some Americans see

Americans see cancellation as a lever for retribution

against an act of an individual,

cancel culture as with a quarter of individuals (26%)

stating they’d use a cancellation in the

a way to engage
hopes that a company would fire an
employee responsible for an offensive

with companies
statement. Yet, overall, Americans see
cancel culture as a way to engage with
companies, voice opinions and move
toward progress—with just 14 percent
of Americans stating their primary
objective for cancelling a company is
so that organization would “go away”
(e.g., out of business) completely.

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 2021 PORTER NOVELLI BUSINESS OF CANCEL CULTURE STUDY

Primary 38% A company to change its ways

reasons 27%
A company to change policies/stances surrounding political
involvement
Americans A company to fire the individual(s) responsible for an offensive
would cancel a 26% statement

company: 22%
A company to disassociate itself from a celebrity or
spokesperson who said or did something offensive

19% A company to take a financial or reputational hit

18% A company to change branding and/or external representation

15% A company to share feelings/disapproval to social networks

14% A company to “go away” completely

2% Other

The cancel culture movement continues in their usage of the act. The majority
to grow, taking over media and newsfeeds (30%) of that group have cancelled just
on a regular basis. And although most one or two brands with just one percent
Americans still have not participated in of individuals stating they’ve cancelled
cancel culture directly, there is a good more than five brands over the past 12
portion of individuals who have activated months. This leaves more than half (56%)
their online voices and disapproval of of Americans who have refrained from the
brands. In fact, one-in-three (36%) movement thus far, mirroring Americans’
Americans cite they’ve cancelled a brand undecided nature over the aim, impact
in the past year, but most are selective and effectiveness of cancel culture overall.

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 2021 PORTER NOVELLI BUSINESS OF CANCEL CULTURE STUDY

The number 56% 0

of brands 30% 1-2
Americans
have cancelled 5% 3-5
in the past 12 1% More than 5
months:
8% Don’t know

Americans are also divided in terms is permanent. This portion of the

of the appropriate length of a population would never support
cancellation. Just over a third (34%) that company again. The varying
of consumers say they’d cancel that lengths of commitment again reflects
brand for a year or less. Fourteen that there are no hard and fast rules
percent of Americans would commit when it comes to canceling a brand,
to cancelling that brand for the long but also alludes to the fact different
term—stopping support for a year or grievances can impact the severity of
more. For nearly a quarter (23%) of the cancellation.
Americans, they believe a cancellation

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 2021 PORTER NOVELLI BUSINESS OF CANCEL CULTURE STUDY

How long 6% A week or less

Americans 10% Up to a month
would commit
to cancelling a 12% 1-6 months
brand: 6% 7-12 months

14% One year or more

23% Never support that company again

There are no hard and fast

rules when it comes to canceling
a brand

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 2021 PORTER NOVELLI BUSINESS OF CANCEL CULTURE STUDY

Influencing Issues: What We’ll Cancel

When examining the specific issues that than half of Americans say they’d be willing
might cause an individual to cancel a brand, to commit to cancellation if a company made
these issues line up closely with the cultural a statement or took an action that was in
mindset of the day. Seven-in-10 (70%) opposition with that person’s personal beliefs
Americans said they’d be willing to cancel a on the topics of immigration (61%), religion
brand if it said or did something offensive (57%) and politics (54%). Interestingly, as
in relation to racial justice. A further 69 divisive as our political landscape has felt
percent would cancel for egregious errors over the past 12 months, it’s not the top
regarding women’s rights and similarly with reason a company gets cancelled, especially in
COVID-19 protocols (68%). Still, more comparison to topics of racism or sexism.

Americans 70% Racial justice

are likely 69% Women’s rights
to cancel a
company if it 68% COVID-19 protocols
says or does 61% Immigration
something
57% Climate change/environment
offensive
when 57% LGBTQ+
addressing
57% Religion
the following
issues: 54% Politics

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 2021 PORTER NOVELLI BUSINESS OF CANCEL CULTURE STUDY

Moving Beyond the Cancellation

As the research uncovered, most When asked the specific actions companies
Americans today see cancel culture as can take to improve after a public
a tool to help companies acknowledge cancellation, most Americans cited making
wrongdoing or missteps, engage in a public statement of apology (43%) and
dialogue and ultimately, improve. This clarifying the situation (41%) as first steps.
is reflected in the fact that a majority Another 40 percent said companies must
(79%) of Americans say they’d be go beyond a statement and work to create
likely to “uncancel” a company if that programs and policies internally to address
organization apologized and committed the change needed. Only 17 percent of
to make changes. Only 7 percent of respondents felt a donation to an associated
Americans said they are not at all likely to nonprofit was enough to make amends,
“uncancel” a company if it has pledged to signaling that Americans expect companies
take these steps. to do work internally and communicate
with authenticity and humility when
moving beyond a cancellation.

Americans cite 43% Make a public statement of apology

the following 41%

Clarify the situation
(e.g., why a statement or action was made)
actions a Create programs and policies internally to address
company could 40% the change needed

take to be 33%
Fire the person responsible for making the offensive
statement or policy
“uncancelled”:
20% Change branding and or external representation

17% Make a donation to an associated nonprofit

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 2021 PORTER NOVELLI BUSINESS OF CANCEL CULTURE STUDY

Corporate Cancel Culture

Case Studies
When it comes to cancel culture, what brands that have been recently
a brand does next can be the difference cancelled to understand the impact on
between a constructive step forward overall social media conversation, the
and a long-lasting reputational hit. sentiment of the discussion and the
With that in mind, we examined the length of the cancellation.
social media conversation around

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 2021 PORTER NOVELLI BUSINESS OF CANCEL CULTURE STUDY

Goya
What Happened:
When Goya’s president Robert Unanue stated “We’re all truly blessed
at the same time to have a leader like President Trump,” this July, the
executive brought the company into a very divided political conversation.
This angered some long-term Goya fans and energized others—spurring
boycotts and counter-boycotts across the country.

Social Snapshot:
Although online conversation around Goya has been historically limited,
the cult food brand enjoyed a baseline of positive conversation. Yet,
following Unanue’s statement, Goya exploded onto the social scene with
a massive spike in brand mentions in mid-July. Although by early August
the conversation spike ebbed quite quickly, the impact to the overall
conversation around Goya has persisted. Chatter around the brand staying
consistently negative since the statement and is still continuing today.

Key Insight:
Without taking a remedying step such
as explaining Unanue’s comment further
or disavowing the executive, Goya’s
perception in social media conversation
has suffered.

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 2021 PORTER NOVELLI BUSINESS OF CANCEL CULTURE STUDY

Social Media Conversation Over Time

2M

1.6M

1.2M

800K

400K

11/18/19 01/20/20 03/30/20 06/08/20 08/17/20 10/19/20 12/14/20

Net Sentiment Over Time

80%

40%

0%

-35%

-70%

11/18/19 01/20/20 03/30/20 06/08/20 08/17/20 10/19/20 12/14/20

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 2021 PORTER NOVELLI BUSINESS OF CANCEL CULTURE STUDY

L'Oréal Paris
What Happened:
Following the lead of many brands in the wake of the murder of George
Floyd, L'Oréal Paris issued a statement of support for the Black Lives Matter
movement. The makeup brand was immediately accused of "gaslighting" by
trans model Munroe Bergdorf, who had been fired by L'Oréal after she spoke
out about the racism surrounding violence in Charlottesville in 2017.

Social Snapshot:
L'Oréal enjoyed steady online conversation throughout the year, with a spike
in February attributed to the announcement of GOT7’s Jackson Wang as
Global Ambassador for L’Oréal’s Skin Care Line for Men. The second major
spike occurred following Bergdorf’s criticism of the brand, causing an increase
in overall conversation around L'Oréal but a drop in positive sentiment.
Conversation and sentiment fell back to baseline by early August, following
steps by L'Oréal including issuing a public apology, re-hiring Bergdorf and
asking her to sit on the brand’s U.K. Diversity & Inclusion Advisory Board.

Key Insight:
Within a week, L'Oréal took a number of
mitigating steps to acknowledge, learn and
improve. Although the company recognizes
it still has work to do, the initial steps helped
to improve the overall conversation around
the brand after its initial cancellation.
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 2021 PORTER NOVELLI BUSINESS OF CANCEL CULTURE STUDY

Social Media Conversation Over Time

61K

48.8K

36.6K

24.4K

12.2K

11/18/19 01/20/20 03/30/20 06/08/20 08/17/20 10/19/20 12/14/20

Net Sentiment Over Time

100%

50%

0%

-50%

-100%

11/18/19 01/20/20 03/30/20 06/08/20 08/17/20 10/19/20 12/14/20

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 2021 PORTER NOVELLI BUSINESS OF CANCEL CULTURE STUDY

Wells Fargo
What Happened:
Wells Fargo CEO Charles Scharf was put on check after stating it was
difficult to hire diverse employees because of a "very limited pool of Black
talent to recruit from." This led to many people on Twitter, including Rep.
Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez and Sen. Sherrod Brown, calling for a boycott of
the company.

Social Snapshot:
Wells Fargo has had limited social conversation over time—with an average
of less than 50,000 tweets per day. Further, sentiment around the company
in online discussions has been historically negative. Yet, following Scharf’s
statement, Wells Fargo chatter shot up to more than 250,000 individual
posts. While total conversation quickly resumed to Wells Fargo’s standard
baseline, negative sentiment dipped further than normal and remained
steadily negative for nearly two months.

Key Insight:
Although Scharf did eventually apologize
for his statement in an internal memo,
the act wasn’t enough to assuage the
historically negative sentiment Wells
Fargo endures online.

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 2021 PORTER NOVELLI BUSINESS OF CANCEL CULTURE STUDY

Social Media Conversation Over Time

260K

208K

156K

104K

52K

11/18/19 01/20/20 03/30/20 06/08/20 08/17/20 10/19/20 12/14/20

Net Sentiment Over Time

40%

0%

-50%

-100%

11/18/19 01/20/20 03/30/20 06/08/20 08/17/20 10/19/20 12/14/20

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 2021 PORTER NOVELLI BUSINESS OF CANCEL CULTURE STUDY

OREO
What Happened:
Earlier this year, OREO launched an LGBTQ+ focused campaign including
rainbow cookies and an ad of a mom supporting her daughter after bringing
home her girlfriend. While this campaign was well received by many, the
conservative advocacy group One Million Moms fought back—calling for a
boycott on the snack brand for “pushing the LGBTQ agenda on families.”

Social Snapshot:
OREO enjoys steady conversation throughout the year on social with a
primarily positive sentiment. Following the statement from One Million Moms,
conversation did spike to around 10,500 tweets; however, sentiment remained
steadily positive, revealing that while the calls for boycotts generated
conversation, they did not impact overall brand love in online conversation.

Key Insight:
While some may have been offended by
OREO’s campaign, the calls for a boycott
had little impact on overall social media
conversation around the brand. Loyal fans
likely supported OREO, attributing to its
steadily positive sentiment over time.

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 2021 PORTER NOVELLI BUSINESS OF CANCEL CULTURE STUDY

Social Media Conversation Over Time

710K

568K

426K

284K

142K

11/18/19 01/20/20 03/30/20 06/08/20 08/17/20 10/19/20 12/14/20

Net Sentiment Over Time

80%

40%

0%

-30%

11/18/19 01/20/20 03/30/20 06/08/20 08/17/20 10/19/20 12/14/20

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Final Thoughts
Cancel culture, while a relatively new phenomenon,
is gaining traction and brands should be prepared.
Still, to be cancelled is not a finality. In the eyes of
many Americans, they see cancellations as a way to
share their voice—and disapproval—with companies
so that change can be made. It’s a way for individuals
to exercise their collective online voice and boycott
power to influence organizations. Although our case
study research shows some brands still choose not
to take part in this dialogue, those that do—either
through explaining why it is staying true to its values
or by acknowledging wrongdoing and creating a plan
to change—tend to fare better in creating a positive
public discourse once again. For some, a cancellation
is not the end, but a beginning.

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Methodology
Porter Novelli fielded a survey to gather people’s opinions of “cancel
culture.” This wave was fielded online using Engine’s online CARAVAN®
Omnibus survey between December 4-6, 2020, and a total sample of 1,004
U.S. general market adults was collected. The data were weighted to U.S.
Census population estimates and the margin of error is +/- 3.1% at a 95%
confidence level. In addition, 13 months of Twitter conversation for each
case study was analyzed using social listening platform TalkWalker.

About Porter Novelli

Porter Novelli is a global purpose communication consultancy born from the
idea that the art of communication can advance society. More than 45 years
ago, we opened our doors—and people’s eyes and minds—for brands driven
to make a positive impact. Today, we believe that organizations must find,
live and tell their purpose in order to thrive. Companies that do, will motivate
action, secure loyalty and encourage advocacy—all in service to a healthier
bottom line. For additional information, please visit www.porternovelli.com.
Porter Novelli is a part of the Omnicom Public Relations Group.

About Omnicom Public Relations Group

Omnicom Public Relations Group is a global collective of three of the top
global public relations agencies worldwide and specialist agencies in areas
including public affairs, marketing to women, global health strategy and
corporate social responsibility. It encompasses more than 6,300 public
relations professionals in more than 370 offices worldwide who provide their
expertise to companies, government agencies, NGOs and nonprofits across a
wide range of industries. Omnicom Public Relations Group delivers for clients
through a relentless focus on talent, continuous pursuit of innovation and a
culture steeped in collaboration. Omnicom Public Relations Group is part of the
DAS Group of Companies, a division of Omnicom Group Inc. (NYSE: OMC) that
includes more than 200 companies in a wide range of marketing disciplines
including advertising, public relations, healthcare, customer relationship
management, events, promotional marketing, branding and research.

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