Normal Radiographic Anatomical Landmarks: Master Day2
Normal Radiographic Anatomical Landmarks: Master Day2
Normal Radiographic Anatomical Landmarks: Master Day2
NORMAL
RADIOGRAPHIC
ANATOMICAL
LANDMARKS
a : enamel
B : dentin
a
C : pulp c
b
Cervical burnout :
Radiographs sometimes show
Diffuse radiolucent areas
With ill defined borders
Present on mesial n distal
Aspects of teeth in cervical
region
It is considered as normal
If it is not > than 1.5 mm
From cej of adjacent teeth.
Periodontal ligament space
PDL space is primarily composed of collagen, so appers as radiolucent
Space between tooth root and lamina dura.
Cancellous bone : it lies between the cortical plates in both the jaws.
It is composed of thin radiopaque plates and rods surronding many
Small radiolucent marrow spaces.
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Landmarks of maxilla
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Nasal septum
Nasal fossa
Nasal spine
Insicive foramen
Nose
a
c d
Incisive foramen
Red arrow points to periapical cyst
periapical lesion
Red arrow :mesiodens mesiodens
Incisive canal cyst
Facial view
Nasal septum
Facial view
Nasal fossa
Soft tissues of nose
Red arrow : soft tissues of nose
Green arrow :lip line
Maxillary canine
Maxillary sinus
Lateral fossa
Nose
a
Sinus
septum
Zygomatic
process
Maxillary sinus
d
c a c
a d
a: Malar process
c: Sinus septum
d: Maxillary sinus
Maxillary molar region
ptrygoid plate
Hamular process
6- apices of roots
molar region
In general ,the floor of the sinus is
Approximately coincidental with
The location of the apices of the
Roots of the upper teeth (bicuspids
And first two molars ).
d d
f
c c a f
a
b
Lingual foramen
Genial tubercles
Mental ridge
Mental foramen
Mental fossa
External oblique line
Internal oblique line
Mylohyoid line
Mandibular foramen
Inferior alveolar canal
Submandibular gland fossa
Nutrient canals
Mandibular symphysis Symphysis
In a new born infant Fracture
Mandibular incisor region
Mental ridge
mental fossa
a
b
It appears as a small
Radiolucent dot at the
Symphysis area usually
Surrounded by a radio
Opaque structure.
Genial tubercles : radio-opaque area in the midline surrounding
The lingual foramen
Genial tubercles:They appear as radio Opaque circle that surrounds
the lingual foramen just below the apices of the Of the incisors.
mental ridge
Mental ridge :
it is a bony prominence found on the labial
Aspect of the mandible near its inferior border and extended
From the premolar region to the symphysis area on wchich
It takes an upward turn as it approaches it. It appears as a
Radio opaque line below the apices of anterior teeth.
mental fossa : this represents the depression on the labial
aspect of the mandible overlying the roots of the incisors. The
resultant radiolucency may be mistaken for pathology
Nutrient canals :
Nutrient canals
Mental foramen (3)
It appears as a radiolucent,
ill defined area between
the apices of bicuspids.
7- prepared cavity
8- enostosis
9 –mental foramen
Mandibular premolar region
A – mylohyoid ridge
B - mandibular canal
c – submandibular gland fossa
d – mental foramen
b a
d
c
d
The other film shows impaction at the superior border of the canal .
Bifid mandibular canal:
a) cone beam section
b) Cross section
Submandibular gland fossa
Submandibular gland fossa -
It appears as a zone of
Radiolucency below the
Lower molars
a
b